Abstract: A CO shift catalyst comprises the calcined form of a precursor of the approximate formula, the precursor having a layer structure(Cu+Zn).sub.6 Al.sub.x R.sub.y (CO.sub.3).sub.(x+y/2 OH.sub.12+2(x+Y) nH.sub.2 OwhereR is lanthanum, cerium or zirconiumx is not less than 1 and not greater than 4;y is not less than 0.01 and not greater than 1.5n is approximately 4.

Abstract: An improvement process for the preparation of copper-containing methanol dissociation catalysts by precipitation of a copper-containing catalyst precursor, calcination, and reduction of the precursor, the improvement comprising conducting the calcination of the precursor in an atmosphere of CO.sub.2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of a catalyzer and a catalyzer for the removal of polluting components from exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, particularly Otto-engines, by using carrier materials provided with catalytically effective metallic compounds. The catalyzer is not only simple and cost-effective to produce but also is very efficient at removing polluting components from exhaust gases, can be operated with leaded gasoline and has a comparatively long life components of the catalyzer include approx. 22-26% by weight of cobalt oxide, approx. 8-15% by weight manganous oxide, approx. 4-6% by weight copper oxide, approx. 25-35% by weight clay, and approx. 27-35% by weight talc. All these components are first premixed together in a dry powder form, homogenized and brought to the desired final particle size.

Abstract: A hypergol spill, e.g., hydrazine, is safely rendered harmless by contacting it with a composition comprising cupric oxide on a porous support. Neutralization is achieved by drawing the hydrazine into the pellet pores where a reduction reaction of cupric oxide takes place. The critical consideration is to avoid flashing or spontaneous thermal decomposition of the hydrazine. Heat of reaction is quenched by the heat capacity of the pellet and water dilution.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids are produced in high yield by contacting alcohols, water and hydrogen with a Cu-Zn-Cr-base promoter/alumina catalyst.

Abstract: Ammoxidation of C.sub.3 to C.sub.5 acyclic alkanes with NH.sub.3 and O.sub.2 using (1) a mole ratio of alkane:NH.sub.3 in the range from 2 to 16 and a mole ratio of alkane:O.sub.2 in the range 1 to 10 and (2) a mixture of particulate catalyst compositions, the first being especially effective to promote formation of an unsaturated nitrile and an olefin from the paraffin, and the second catalyst composition being especially effective to promote the conversion of the olefin to the unsaturated nitrile. Catalytic compositions useful in the process are disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst containing copper and silica is prepared by a process in which an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution containing from 1 to 26% by weight of SiO.sub.2 is brought to a pH of from 0.5 to 2.0 with nitric acid, an aqueous copper nitrate solution containing from 5 to 15% by weight of Cu is added, after the addition of the nitric acid, so that a clear solution containing from 0.18 to 3.0 moles of Cu per mole of SiO.sub.2 is formed, the resulting solution is mixed with an aqueous alkali metal carbonate solution at from 40.degree. to 80.degree. C., the pH of the mixture being kept at from 7.5 to 8.5, and the precipitated material is separated off, dried, calcined by heating at from 250.degree. to 400.degree. C. and pressed in a conventional manner to give catalyst moldings. The catalyst thus obtained is used for the hydrogenation of dialkyl dicarboxylates to diols.

Abstract: Metal vapor may be deposited on catalyst supports to produce a first supported metal. The first supported metal may be converted into a supported metal catalyst by contacting the first supported metal with a solution of ions of a catalytic metal, which will electrodeposit on the support. This process is an alternative to the impregnation method preparing catalysts.

Abstract: A process for producing a composite oxide catalyst comprising at least Sb, Mo, V and/or Nb by the steps of combining and heating the sources of required respective elements, characterized in that a composite oxide represented by the following formula, which has been heated previously at a temperature of 600.degree. to 900.degree. C., is used as at least a part of a source of Sb supply:Sb.sub.p -X.sub.q -Y.sub.r,wherein x represents at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, Fe, Co and Bi; Y represents at least one selected from the group consisting of Al and Si; p is a numeral of 1-40, q is a numeral of 1-20 and r is a numeral of 0-10, provided that when r is 0, Ni of X is at least partly supplied by nickel carbonate.A catalyst having a large mean pore size is obtained. When the catalyst is used in an oxidation reaction such as air oxidation of acrolein, acrylic acid as the object product can be obtained in high selectivity.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaning catalyst composed of a refractory three-dimensional structure and a catalytically active substance supported thereon. That surface or part of the catalyst which makes contact with an exhaust gas is formed of numerous irregularly arranged protrusions composed of a refractory inorganic powder having a particle diameter of 5 to 300 micrometers or a mixture of it with refractory inorganic fibers and the catalytically active substance supported on the protrusions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing alcohols comprising hydrogenating compounds selected from the group consisting of acids, esters and aldehydes under sufficient hydrogen pressure and temperature in the presence of a catalyst comprising a copper chromite first component and a second component consisting essentially of copper deposited on a support.

Abstract: A process for preparing a catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides which comprises sintering orthotitanic acid in coexistence of at least one compound, selected from silicic acid in the form of fine particles, tungsten compounds and molybdenum compounds.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising alumina as the major component and silica as a minor component is prepared by a process comprising sequential addition of solutions of aluminum salt and alkali metal aluminate, addition of a solution of alkali metal silicate to dispersed alumina hydrogen and heating formed alumina-silica hydrogel under dehydrating conditions. The thus prepared composition of matter, optionally promoted with at least one transition metal compound, can be used as a catalyst for hydrotreating substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed streams which also contain sulfur and metal compounds as impurities.

Abstract: A process for the production of hydrogen with simultaneous formation of carbon dioxide by reacting carbon monoxide with steam at elevated temperatures in the presence of a catalyst which essentially consists of a refractory oxidic carrier having a high specific surface area loaded with metallic copper of a purity of more than 90% by weight, a fraction of at least 1% by weight of said metallic copper calculated as % by weight of the total weight of the copper and carrier being present as particles of a size of less than 20 nm.

Abstract: The process for the production of high molecular weight oxygenates by condensing low molecular weight oxygenates in the presence of CO and a catalyst having the general formula A.sub.a CuM.sub.c X.sub.d O.sub.x. In addition, a novel condensation catalyst comprising A.sub.a CuM.sub.c Bi.sub.d O.sub.x is disclosed for use in this process.

Abstract: An extruded copper chromite-alumina catalyst is prepared by blending together from 40-82% by weight of copper chromite and 18-60% of an extrudable alumina, typically having a pseudoboehmite or .alpha. hydroxy boehmite structure. The extruded catalyst after calcining is useful for the liquid and vapor phase hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of various carbonyl compounds and the functional side groups of aromatic compounds.The extruded catalyst is characterized as having a surface area of between 20 and 225 square meters per gram and a packed apparent bulk density of between about 0.70 and about 1.20 g/cc.

Abstract: A catalyst for decomposing an offensively smelling substance such as aldehydes by oxidation and a method which employs it for removing the offensively smelling substance. The catalyst comprises copper, cerium and silver supported on a porous ceramic carrier and is contacted with an offensively smelling substance to decompose it. The catalyst is particularly effective for decomposing aldehydes.

Abstract: Dimethyldichlorosilane is directly prepared from methyl chloride and silicon, in high productivity, selectivity and degree of silicon conversion, by reacting methyl chloride with a solid contact mass comprising silicon and a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst which includes (1) elemental copper or a copper compound, (2) from about 30 to 1,000 ppm (calculated as metallic tin and/or antimony) of at least one of the metals tin and antimony, or at least one compound of at least one of the metals tin and antimony, and (3) from about 0.05 to 4% by weight, (calculated as cesium metal) of cesium or a cesium compound, or admixture of cesium with up to 90% by weight of the admixture of lithium, sodium, potassium or rubidium, the amounts of said components (2) and (3) being based upon the total weight of said solid contact mass.

Abstract: Dimethyldichlorosilane is directly prepared from methyl chloride and silicon, in high productivity, selectivity and degree of silicon conversion, by reacting methyl chloride with a solid contact mass comprising silicon and a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst which includes (1) elemental copper or a copper compound, (2) from about 30 to 1,000 ppm (calculated as metallic tin and/or antimony) of at least one of the metals tin and antimony, or at least one compound of at least one of the metals tin and antimony, and (3) from about 0.05 to 2% by weight, (calculated as alkali metal) of at least one of the alkali metals lithium, sodium, potassium and rubidium, or compound thereof, the amounts of said components (2) and (3) being based upon the total weight of said solid contact mass.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst composition useful for the hydrogenation of an oxalate diester, said composition being composed of a reduction product of a copper-containing silica gel formed by contacting an amine complex of copper with silica gel having an average particle diameter of not more than 200.mu. and a process for producing the aforesaid composition. Using a catalyst composed of the aforesaid composition, ethylene glycol and/or a glycolic acid ester can be produced from an oxalate diester efficiently with high conversions and selectivities and without causing pollution attributed to the use of a chromium-containing catalyst composition.

Abstract: An improved oxidation catalyst, well adopted for the conversion of H.sub.2 S-containing acid gases at least in part to elemental sulfur, is facilely prepared by (i) hydrothermally treating at least a portion of an active alumina support, and (ii) then impregnating said at least partially hydrothermally treated support with a catalytically effective amount of a catalytically active oxide phase which comprises the oxides of at least one of the metals, Fe, Cu, Ag, W, Co, Ni, Bi, Cr and Cd, with the proviso (iii) that at least one rare earth oxide, alkaline earth metal oxide, zirconium oxide or silica compound, or any precursor compound thereof, is incorporated into the catalyst during either of the steps (i) or (ii).

Abstract: A ruthenium-free catalyst suitable for the conversion of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to alcohols, particularly methanol, comprises a mixture of metal oxides of the metals copper and beryllium where the atomic ratio of copper to beryllium is from about 0.01 to 1 to 20.0 to 1. A further metal M such as Th or Al may also be present, the atomic ratio of the metal M to beryllium being from about 0.1 to 1 to 7.5 to 1.The catalyst can be employed as convert carbon monoxide and hydrogen at elevated temperature and pressure, for example 100.degree. to 500.degree. C. and 150 to 4000 psig, to a product rich in alcohols and low in acids and hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst composition composed of a reduction product of a copper-containing material formed by contacting an aqueous solution of an amine/copper complex with a carrier, characterized in that the carrier is a hydrolyzed product obtained by hydrolyzing a silicate ester in the presence of ammonia; a process for producing the aforesaid hydrogenation catalyst composition; and a process for producing ethylene glycol or a glycolate ester in the presence of the aforesaid hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of a transition metal-silicate catalyst in which an insoluble, basic compound of a transition metal having an atomic number between 26 and 30 (in particular nickel which has an atomic number of 28) is rapidly precipitated with an alkaline precipitation agent from an aqueous solution of such a metal salt, as a suspension, which precipitate is allowed to mature for a longer period in a suspended form, and, after the transition metal ions have been practically completely precipitated, soluble silicate is added to the suspension, after which the solids are separated from the liquid, optionally washed, dried and reduced.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of a transition metal-silicate catalyst in which an insoluble, basic compound of a transition metal having an atomic number between 26 and 30 (in particular nickel which has an atomic number of 28) is rapidly precipitated with an alkaline precipitation agent from an aqueous solution of such a metal salt, as a suspension, which precipitate is allowed to mature for a longer period in a suspended form, and, after the transition metal ions have been practically completely precipitated, soluble silicate is added to the suspension, after which the solids are separated from the liquid, optionally washed, dried and reduced.

Abstract: A supported catalyst for the C.sub.2 H.sub.4 oxychlorination within a fluidized bed comprising a Cu compound in amounts corresponding to a content from 1 to 10% by weight--as Cu metal--on a carrier preferably selected from the group consisting of microspheroidal Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, microspheroidal SiO.sub.2 and microspheroidal silica-alumina, characterized in that the molar ratio (outer Me/outer Cu), as determined by means of XPS analysis, is at least 40% higher than the molar ratio: ##EQU1## wherein Me is e.g., Al, Si or Al +Si. The invention concerns a supported catalyst for the synthesis of 1,2-dichloroethane, hereinafter DCE, achieved by ethylene oxychlorination, said catalyst being used in the form of a fluidized bed.

Abstract: Para-xylene is selectively prepared by reacting toluene and a methylating agent in the presence of a phosphorus modified catalyst comprising a silica polymorph intermixed with an inorganic refractory oxide, said catalyst having an alkali content of less than about 1.3 milliequivalents per gram as available alkali.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst of palladium, copper and nickel on an alumina substrate. The catalyst is produced by impregnating the alumina substrate with a halide salt solution of palladium chloride, nickel chloride, copper chloride and copper sulfate. The catalyst is useful for removal by oxidation, adsorption or decomposition of gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone, present in dilute concentrations in air.

Abstract: A catalyst capable of cracking kerosene under lower pressure and temperature comprising (A) kerosene; (B) metal powder mixture of chromium powder, copper powder, lead powder, zinc powder, nickel powder, manganese powder in an amount of 12 to 13 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said kerosene; (C) sulfuric acid in an amount of 15 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said kerosene; (D) inorganic powder mixture of aluminum oxide powder, serpentine powder, alum powder, magnesium oxide powder, limestone powder, slake lime powder, silica powder, and granite powder in an amount of 150 to 170 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said kerosene.

Abstract: Para-xylene is selectively prepared by reacting toluene and a methylating agent in the presence of a phosphorus modified catalyst comprising a silica polymorph intermixed with an inorganic refractory oxide, said catalyst having an alkali content of less than about 1.3 milliequivalents per gram as available alkali.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst composition for use in the hydrogenation of a lower alkyl ester of a lower hydroxycarboxylic acid. The composition is composed of a reduction product of copper-containing silica gel formed by contacting an ammine complex of copper with silica gel having an average particle diameter of not more than 200 microns or colloidal silica sol. A process for producing the catalyst composition is also provided. By using the aforesaid catalyst composition, a lower alkylene glycol can be produced efficiently in high conversions and selectivities without causing pollution attributed to the use of a chromium-containing catalyst composition.

Abstract: In a process for preparing methanol which comprises reacting a gaseous mixture containing hydrogen and either one or both of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the gaseous phase in the presence of a catalyst, the improvement wherein said catalyst comprises(A) a substantially catalytically inert carrier, and(B) supported thereon, from 0.005 to 1 g in total, per gram of the carrier, of catalyst components comprising (i) a copper component, (ii) a zinc component, and optionally (iii) at least one metal component selected from aluminum, chromium, vanadium, magnesium and manganese.

Abstract: A grind charge of cupreous particulates containing a major proportion of cuprous and cupric oxides and a minor proportion of elemental copper, said charge having average particle size above 15 microns, is subjected to high energy comminution with concomitant crystal lattice distortion until the average particle size of said particulates is no larger than 15 microns. The resulting catalyst, of fairly high specific surface area, can be used for alkyl or aryl halosilane production.

Abstract: Antimony-containing metal oxide catalysts are produced or activated by dry blending (a) a catalyst or catalyst precursor composed of an antimony-containing metal oxides composition containing antimony and at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, cerium, uranium, tin, titanium, and copper, and (b) elemental antimony or an antimony compound, and contacting the components (a) and (b) with each other at about 300.degree. C. to about 1000.degree. C. in a non-reducing gas atmosphere for a period sufficient for the elemental antimony or antimony compound (b) to deposit on the catalyst or catalyst precursor (a).

Abstract: Improved catalyst is made by including in a grind charge of cupreous particulates a small proportion of hydrated refractory metal oxide such as hydrated alumina. Said grind charge contains a major proportion of cuprous and cupric oxides, a minor proportion of elemental copper, and up to about 10% of promoter material. Such charge is subjected to high energy comminution with concomitant crystal lattice distortion. The catalyst is useful for the production of alkyl and aryl halosilanes.

Abstract: Improved catalyst is made by including in a grind charge of cupreous particulates a small proportion of a hydroxide of Period IV metal having Atomic Number between 24 and 30, e.g. iron III oxide monohydrate. Said grind charge contains a major proportion of cuprous and cupric oxides, a minor proportion of elemental copper, and up to about 10% of promoter material. Such charge is subjected to high energy comminution with concomitant crystal lattice distortion. The catalyst is useful for the production of alkyl and aryl halosilanes.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, copper, and an alkali or alkaline earth component on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: An improved catalyst for conversion of oxygen-containing aliphatics to hydrocarbons is a silica xerogel having a layer of an aluminum compound chemically bonded onto its surface, having a maximum pore diameter of 1.1 nm and having substantially only protons and/or transition metal cations as electrical charge balancing species. The catalyst is very specific for the production of aromatics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fixed bed catalyst for the oxychlorination of ethene, alpha olefins and aromatics. More specifically, this invention relates to a catalyst having an impeded center which excludes reactants, or prevents products from forming in the interior of the catalyst. The impeded center may be made inaccessible or it may be inert to reaction. Thin layers of high specific surface area carrier material cover the outer surface of the impeded center. An agent capable of catalyzing oxychlorination reactions is added to the layered catalytic carrier material.

Abstract: Surface-metallated aluminas and silicas are species many of whose physical properties, such as surface and pore volume, are unchanged but which exhibit superior hydrothermal stability. Suitable for use as catalytic supports, these materials can be simply prepared by treating the alumina or silica with a tetrahalide of a metal, such as titanium or zirconium, removing the unreacted tetrahalide, and calcining the resulting material in a moist atmosphere.

Abstract: An oxychlorination catalyst contains a copper compound, magnesium oxide and aluminium oxide, and the copper compound is present as a distinct phase on a support in which at least part of the magnesium oxide is in combined form with alumina.

Abstract: A catalyst support can be made by co-precipitating copper aluminate from a solution containing copper and aluminium ions and converting the precipitate into solid, generally particulate, form. The catalyst preferably includes a redox couple and may include promoters. The catalyst is of particular value for the low temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide, especially in a smoking product filter.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst composition useful for the hydrogenation of an oxalate diester, said composition being composed of a reduction product of copper-containing silica gel formed by contacting an amine complex of copper with colloidal silica sol; and a process for producing the aforesaid composition. Using a catalyst composed of the aforesaid composition, ethylene glycol and/or a glycolic acid ester can be produced from an oxalate diester efficiently with high conversions and selectivities and without causing pollution attributed to the use of a chromium-containing catalyst composition.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the conversion of high boiling oil feeds having a significant level of Conradson carbon components and metals to form lighter oil products by contacting the feed under catalytic conversion conditions with a catalyst containing one of a select group of metal additives to catalyze the endothermic removal of carbon with CO.sub.2. Conversion conditions are such that hydrocarbonaceous material and metals are deposited to deactivate the catalyst in the conversion zone. Deactivated catalyst is partially regenerated in the presence of carbon dioxide containing gas before or after oxygen regeneration at a temperature below 1600.degree. F. to provide a regenerated catalyst which is recycled to the conversion zone for further contact with fresh feed. The metal additive is present on the catalyst in an amount sufficient to catalyze the endothermic removal of carbonaceous material in the presence of a carbon dioxide rich gas at regeneration temperature below 1500.degree. F.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydrotreating a heavy hydrocarbon oil containing asphaltenes comprises a porous carrier composed of one or more inorganic oxides of at least one element selected from among those of Groups II, III and IV of the Periodic Table, and at least one catalytic metal component composited with the carrier. The metal of the catalytic metal component is selected from among those of Groups VB, VIB, VIII and IB of the Periodic Table. The catalyst contains about 1 to 30% by weight of such catalytic metal component and has the following pore characteristics with regard to its pores having a diameter of 75 .ANG. or more: an average pore diameter APD of about 180 to 500 .ANG., a total pore volume PV, expressed in cc/g, being equal to or greater than a value X ##EQU1## the volume of pores with a diameter of about 180 to 500 .ANG. being at least about 0.2 cc/g, the volume of pores with a diameter of at least 1,500 .ANG. being not greater than about 0.03 cc/g, and a total surface area being at least about 60 m.

Abstract: A new catalyst and process for synthesis of dimethyl ether from low H.sub.2 /CO ratio syngas are disclosed. The catalyst is a combination of Cu, Zn and Al, co-precipitated in predetermined relative amounts, which is found to be oxidatively regenerable and utilizable with the syngas product of modern coal gasifiers without the need for external water-gas-shift.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are catalysts useful for oxidation and ammoxidation of hydrocarbons. Such catalysts have the empirical formulaBiMo.sub.a V.sub.b Sb.sub.c M.sub.d O.sub.xwherein a is 0.5-2, b is 0.01-0.12, c is 0.01-10, d is 0-0.5 and x is selected to satisfy the valence requirements of the other elements present. In such catalysts, M is one or more elements selected from Groups I-A, II-A, III-A, V-A, VI-A, I-B, IV-B, VI-B and VII-B of the Periodic Table.Catalysts according to the invention are prepared by forming a slurry of a vanadium component, an antimony component, a hydrophilic bismuth molybdate component having the empirical formulaBiMo.sub.a O.sub.x. Y(H.sub.2 O)wherein a is 0.5-2, x is selected to satisfy the valence requirements of the bismuth and molybdenum and Y is a number such that the bound water is 5 to 40 weight percent of the total component, and optionally, the compound M and/or a support material, drying the slurry, and calcining to form the catalyst.