Abstract: A hydrocarbon reforming catalyst, a method of preparing the hydrocarbon reforming catalyst, and a fuel cell including the hydrocarbon reforming catalyst. The hydrocarbon reforming catalyst includes a nickel active catalyst layer loaded on an oxide carrier, and a metal oxide.

Abstract: A novel solution route has been developed that after heat-treatment to 500-600° C. under inert atmosphere, yields highly porous composites of nano-sized metal (Ni) particle inclusions in ceramics (Al2O3). Metal loadings could be made from <1% to >95% Ni. The metal inclusion sizes in the Ni—Al2O3 system with the 10 atom % Ni sample were 4-7 nm, while for the 75 atom % Ni sample they were 5-8 nm. It was shown that the 10 atom % Ni sample could be used as a catalyst for the conversion of CO2 and CH4 in the temperature range 550-700° C., while higher temperatures led to growth of the Ni particles and carbon poisoning over time. The solution routes could also be deposited as thin dense films containing <10 nm Ni particles. Such films with high Ni-particle loadings deposited on aluminium substrates have shown very good solar heat absorber proficiency and provide good substrates for carbon tube growth.

Abstract: A composition for catalyzing the auto-thermal reformation of ethanol, including a porous refractory substrate with a nickel-iron-aluminum oxide material at least partially filling the pores. The substrate is typically an alumina-based ceramic, such as gamma alumina or mullite. The catalyst composition is typically produced by identifying a refractory substrate having a relatively high surface area, such as through the existence of a pore network, infiltrating the refractory substrate with iron oxide and nickel oxide precursors, and combining the iron oxide and nickel oxide precursors with aluminum oxide to form a hybrid nickel-iron-aluminum oxide material at least partially coating the refractory substrate.

Abstract: More selective and efficient Ni hydrotreating catalysts are those which contain more than about 60% of the Ni content on the peripheral surface of porous supports, such as extruded alumina, which may be obtained by spraying an atomized solution of a Ni compound onto the support and drying it at a temperature in the range of from 200 to 600° C. When used, for example, to remove acetylenic compounds from butadiene streams, higher recovery of the desired butadiene with lower acetylenic content and low heavy polymer deposition is obtained than was possible with prior catalysts.

Abstract: More selective and efficient Ni hydrotreating catalysts are those which contain more than about 60% of the Ni content on the peripheral surface of porous supports, such as extruded alumina, which may be obtained by spraying an atomized solution of a Ni compound onto the support and drying it at a temperature in the range of from 200 to 600° C. When used, for example, to remove acetylenic compounds from butadiene streams, higher recovery of the desired butadiene with lower acetylenic content and low heavy polymer deposition is obtained than was possible with prior catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention provides catalyst compositions useful for transamination reactions. The catalyst compositions have a catalyst support that includes transitional alumina, use a low metal loading (for example, less than 25 wt. %), and do not require the presence of rhenium. The catalyst compositions are able to advantageously promote transamination of a reactant product (such as the transamination of EDA to DETA) with excellent activity and selectivity, and similar to transaminations promoted using a precious metal-containing catalyst.

Abstract: A highly active nickel carrier catalyst based on aluminium oxide has a nickel content of approximately 20 to 70 wt.-% (as Ni) and optionally comprises a bonding agent and optionally a promoter, selected from the compounds of Mg, Ti, Pb, Pt, Ba, Ca and/or Cu, wherein the size of the Ni crystallites in the reduced state is in the range of approximately 3.5 to 4.5 nm and the distortion factor of the Ni crystallites is approximately 2 to 5%. In a method for the reduction of the content of sulphur compounds in hydrocarbon-based fuels by selective adsorption of the sulphur compounds on a nickel catalyst, a nickel catalyst based on aluminium oxide is used, particularly the nickel catalyst described above. A nickel catalyst based on aluminium oxide may be used for reducing the sulphur compound content in hydrocarbon-based fuels by selective adsorption of the sulphur compounds on said catalyst and/or for the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds.

Abstract: A method of producing a porous composite metal oxide comprising the steps of: dispersing first metal oxide powder, which is an aggregate of primary particles each with a diameter of not larger than 50 nm, in a dispersion medium by use of microbeads each with a diameter of not larger than 150 ?m, thus obtaining first metal oxide particles, which are 1 nm to 50 nm in average particle diameter, and not less than 80% by mass of which are not larger than 75 nm in diameter; dispersing and mixing up, in a dispersion medium, the first metal oxide particles and second metal oxide powder, which is an aggregate of primary particles each with a diameter of not larger than 50 nm, and which is not larger than 200 nm in average particle diameter, thus obtaining a homogeneously-dispersed solution in which the first metal oxide particles and second metal oxide particles are homogeneously dispersed; and drying the homogeneously-dispersed solution, thus obtaining a porous composite metal oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates unique pore structures in nickel supported on alumina with the negligible formation of macropores. Incorporation of additional elements stabilizes the pore structure of the nickel supported on alumina. Additional element(s) were then further added into the nickel-supported materials. These additional element(s) further stabilize the pore structures under heating conditions. The improvements of pore structure stability under heating conditions and negligible presence of macropores limit the sintering of nickel metal to a mechanism of impeded diffusion. The negligible presence of macropores also limits the deposition of alkali metal hydroxide(s)/carbonate(s) on the outer shell of the catalyst pellet in the molten carbonate fuel cells. Both the negligible presence of macropores and improvement in pore structure stability allow for prolonging the catalyst life of these nickel supported on alumina catalysts of the present invention for reforming hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A nanocomposite particle, its use as a catalyst, and a method of making it are disclosed. The nanocomposite particle comprises titanium dioxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and a surface stabilizer. The metal oxide nanoparticles are formed hydrothermally in the presence of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The nanocomposite particle is an effective catalyst support, particularly for DeNox catalyst applications.

Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst composition composed of a support portion and a catalyst portion. The support portion includes an acidic mixed metal oxide including a transitional alumina and a second metal oxide. The transitional alumina can comprise delta or theta alumina, in combination with other transitional phases, or an alpha or gamma alumina. The second metal oxide has a weight percentage that is less than the weight percentage of alumina. The catalyst portion is 25 weight percent or less of the catalyst composition and is composed of nickel and rhenium. The catalyst portion includes nickel in an amount in the range of 2 to 20 weight percent, based upon total catalyst composition weight, and there is no boron in the catalyst portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks carried out in a slurry reactor in the presence of hydrogen and in the presence of a catalytic composition obtained by: injecting a catalytic precursor of at least one metal of Group VIB and/or Group VIII in at least part of the feedstock to be treated in the absence of an oxide substrate, thermal treatment at a temperature of 400° C.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing dimeric or higher polymeric reaction products of nitrogen aromatics comprise contacting a composition comprising the nitrogen aromatic with a catalyst composition. The catalyst is in particulate form and comprises a first metal substrate having a second reduced metal coated on the substrate.

Abstract: A multi-phase catalyst for the simultaneous conversion of oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons is provided. A catalyst composition comprising the multi-phase catalyst and methods of making the catalyst composition are also provided. The multi-phase catalyst may be represented by the general formula of CeyLn1-xAx+sMOZ, wherein Ln is a mixture of elements originally in the form of single-phase mixed lanthanides collected from natural ores, a single lanthanide, or a mixture of lanthanides; A is an element selected from a group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Li, Na, K, Cs, Rb, or any combination thereof; and M is an element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, V, Zr, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ag, Au, Al, Ga, Mo, W, Ti, or any combination thereof; x is a number defined by 0?x<1.0; y is a number defined by 0?y<10; s is a number defined by 0?s<10; where s=0 only when y>0 and y=0 only when s>0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite for catalytic distillation, comprising a substrate material, and a modifying material and an active material, wherein said substrate material is made of porous materials, said modified material comprises at least one metal oxide, and said active material comprises an active component for a catalytic reaction. The catalytic distillation composite according to the present invention serves as both distillation packings and catalysts, and can allow catalysts to make the best of its efficiency, provide sufficient contact areas between gas and liquid phases, which facilitates mass transfer between gas and liquid phases, boosts effects in both reaction and separation and is liable for filling, removing and utilizing in industries.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to catalyst systems for nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and sulfur reactions that are free or substantially free of platinum group metals. The catalyst system of the present invention comprise a substrate and a washcoat, wherein the washcoat comprises at least one oxide solid, wherein the oxide solid comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a carrier material oxide, a catalyst, and mixtures thereof. The catalyst system may optionally have an overcoat, wherein the overcoat comprises at least one oxide solid, wherein the oxide solid comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a carrier material oxide, a catalyst, and mixtures thereof. The catalyst comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a ZPGM transition metal catalyst, a mixed metal oxide catalyst, a zeolite catalysts, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is related to single and/or multiple-wall carbon nanotubes which may contain interstitial metals obtainable by a preparation process, comprising a catalytic step using a catalytic system, said catalytic system comprising a catalyst and a support, said support comprising hydroxides and/or carbonates or mixtures thereof with or without metal oxides. The present invention is also related to carbon fibers obtainable by said preparation process. The present invention also pertains in particular to said catalytic system and to said preparation process. Another aspect concerns the use of the nanotubes and of the catalytic system according to the invention.

Abstract: A layered composition which can be used in various processes has been developed. The composition comprises an inner core such as a cordierite core and an outer layer comprising a refractory inorganic oxide, a fibrous component and an inorganic binder. The refractory inorganic oxide layer can be alumina, zirconia, titania, etc. while the fibrous component can be titania fibers, silica fibers, carbon fibers, etc. The inorganic oxide binder can be alumina, silica, zirconia, etc. The layer can also contain catalytic metals such as gold and platinum plus other modifiers. The layered composition is prepared by coating the inner core with a slurry comprising the refractory inorganic oxide, fibrous component, an inorganic binder precursor and an organic binding agent such as polyvinyl alcohol. The composition can be used in various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a catalyst, which process comprises the steps of: i) mixing an alumina precursor with combustible carbon-containing fibers with a diameter in the range of from 0.5 to 5 ?m and a length of no greater than 100 ?m in an amount in the range of from 20 to 40 wt % based on the total dry mixture; ii) adding nitric acid and water to form an extrudable mass; iii) extruding the mixture to form shaped particles; iv) drying the shaped particles; v) heating the particles in an atmosphere comprising no more than 5 vol % oxygen at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 600° C.; and vi) then heating the particles in a gas mixture comprising at least 12 vol % oxygen at a temperature in the range of from 450 to 600° C.

Abstract: Composite combustion catalyst particles are described and disclosed. A metal core of a combustible metal can be coated with a metal oxide coating. Additionally, a catalyst coating can at least partially surround the metal oxide coating to form a composite catalyst particle. The composite catalyst particles can be dispersed in a variety of fuels such as propulsion fuels and the like to form an enhanced fuel. During initial stages of combustion, the catalyst coating acts to increase combustion of the fuel. As combustion proceeds, the metal core heats sufficiently to disturb the metal oxide coating. The metal core then combusts in highly exothermic reactions with an oxidizer and the catalyst coating to provide improved energy densities to the enhanced fuel.

Abstract: Fluid catalytic cracking process comprising the steps of (a) preparing a physical 5 mixture comprising (i) aluminium trihydrate and/or flash-calcined aluminium trihydrate and (ii) a divalent metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or hydroxycarbonate, (b) shaping the physical mixture of step a) to form fluidisable particles, and (c) adding the fluidisable particles obtained from step b) or step c) to a fluid catalytic cracking unit. In this FCC process, active sites of the catalyst composition are formed in-situ, i.e. in the FCC unit, without requiring peptisation, aging, or calcination steps prior to the addition of the composition to the hydrocarbon conversion unit.

Abstract: A nanoporous catalytic membrane which displays several unique features including pores which can go through the entire thickness of the membrane. The membrane has a higher catalytic and product selectivity than conventional catalysts. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes serve as the catalyst substrate. This substrate is then subjected to Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), which allows the controlled narrowing of the pores from 40 nm to 10 nm in the substrate by deposition of a preparatory material. Subsequent deposition of a catalytic layer on the inner surfaces of the pores reduces pore sizes to less than 10 nm and allows for a higher degree of reaction selectivity. The small pore sizes allow control over which molecules enter the pores, and the flow-through feature can allow for partial oxidation of reactant species as opposed to complete oxidation. A nanoporous separation membrane, produced by ALD is also provided for use in gaseous and liquid separations.

Abstract: A method for preparing an exhaust gas catalyst includes preparing a washcoat comprising a catalytically effective amount of at least one catalytically active metal disposed upon an oxide support; disposing the catalytically active metal-oxide support washcoat upon a catalyst substrate; drying the washcoated catalyst substrate using microwave energy to affix the precious metals to the oxide support; and conventionally calcining the dried washcoated catalyst substrate. The catalysts comprising a substrate having dispersed thereon an inorganic oxide washcoat, the washcoat having been affixed to the substrate by microwave drying, exhibit high exhaust gas purifying performance and long durability. The catalysts thus produced further provide a long in-service lifetime for reforming organic fuel species into hydrogen, carbon monoxide and light hydrocarbons used in the nitrogen oxides reduction process.

Abstract: A method of producing catalyst powder of the present invention has a step of precipitating any one of a noble metal particle (5) and a transition metal particle (10) in a reversed micelle (1); a step of precipitating, in the reversed micelle (1) in which any one of the noble metal particle (5) and the transition metal particle (10) is precipitated, a porous support material (7) which supports the noble metal particle (5) and the transition metal particle (10); and a step of precipitating the other of the noble metal particle (5) and the transition metal particle (10) in the reversed micelle (1) in which any one of the noble metal particle (5).

Abstract: A reagent suitable for use as a catalyst comprises a first metal species substrate having a second reduced metal species coated thereon, the second reduced metal species being less electropositive than the first metal. Methods of manufacture are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to supported catalysts and a process for the production of these catalysts. These supported catalysts may be used in various reactions such as reforming reactions (e.g. steam methane reforming (SMR) reactions and autothermal reforming (ATR) reactions). In one aspect of the invention, the supported catalyst comprises a transition metal oxide; optionally a rare-earth metal oxide; and a transition metal aluminate.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing metallic nanoparticles with an anisotropic nature by using two different reducing agents, preferably with different reducing powers, on a source of a metal selected from columns 8, 9 or 10 of the periodic table of the elements.

Abstract: A method of producing catalyst powder of the present invention has a step of precipitating a noble metal particle (2) and a porous carrier (1) in a reversed micelle substantially simultaneously; and a step of precipitating a transition metal particle (3) in the reversed micelle. By this method, it is possible to obtain catalyst powder which restricts an aggregation of the noble metal particles even at a high temperature and is excellent in a catalytic activity.

Abstract: A catalyst for use in the Fischer-Tropsch process, and a method to prepare the catalyst is disclosed. The catalyst of the present invention has a higher surface area, more uniform metal distribution, and smaller metal crystallite size than Fischer-Tropsch catalysts of the prior art.

Abstract: A Composition comprising one or more metal hydroxy salts and a matrix, binder or carrier material, wherein the metal hydroxy salt is a compound comprising (a) as metal either (i) one or more divalent metals, at least one of them being selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, and Mn, or (ii) one or more trivalent metal(s), (b) framework hydroxide, and (c) a replaceable anion. This composition has various catalytic applications.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to yttrium compositions and methods for making such metal oxide compositions, specifically, metal oxide compositions having high surface area, high metal/metal oxide content, and/or thermal stability with inexpensive and easy to handle materials.

Abstract: This invention relates primarily to a novel method to manufacture single/multi/fibers carbon filaments (nano tubes) in pure form optionally with antiferromagnetic and electrical property wherein the byproduct is hydrogen gas resulting in reduction of environmental carbon emissions by at least 20%; both carbon filaments and resultant exhaust are useful products.

Abstract: A pillar-shaped honeycomb structure has a plurality of cells longitudinally placed in parallel with one another with a wall portion therebetween, wherein the honeycomb structure mainly includes inorganic fibers which form the honeycomb structure without lamination interfaces.

Abstract: The present invention is related to single and/or multiple-wall carbon nanotubes which may contain interstitial metals obtainable by a preparation process. The process includes a catalytic step using a catalytic system which includes a catalyst and a support. The support comprises hydroxides and/or carbonates or mixtures thereof with or without metal oxides. The present invention is also related to carbon fibers obtainable by said preparation process. The present invention also pertains in particular to said catalytic system and to said preparation process. Another aspect concerns the use of the nanotubes and of the catalytic system according to the invention.

Abstract: Novel nickel and/or cobalt plated sponge based catalysts are disclosed. The catalyst have an activity and/or selectivity comparable to conventional nickel and/or cobalt sponge catalysts, e.g., Raney® nickel or Raney® cobalt catalysts, but require a reduced content of nickel and/or cobalt. Catalysts in accordance with the invention comprise nickel and/or cobalt coated on at least a portion of the surface of a sponge support. Preferably, the sponge support comprises at least one metal other than or different from the metal(s) contained in the coating. The method of preparing the plated catalysts, and the method of using the catalysts in the preparation of organic compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for sorbing organosulfur compounds from fluids are provided. Generally, compounds according to the present invention comprise mesoporous, nanocrystalline metal oxides. Preferred metal oxide compounds either exhibit soft Lewis acid properties or are impregnated with a material exhibiting soft Lewis acid properties. Methods according to the invention comprise contacting a fluid containing organosulfur contaminants with a mesoporous, nanocrystalline metal oxide. In a preferred embodiment, nanocrystalline metal oxide particles are formed into pellets (14) and placed inside a fuel filter housing (12) for removing organosulfur contaminants from a hydrocarbon fuel stream.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to nickel compositions and methods for making nickel oxide compositions, specifically, such metal oxide compositions having high surface area, high metal/metal oxide content, and/or thermal stability with inexpensive and easy to handle materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to doped catalysts on an aluminosilicate substrate with a low content of macropores and the hydrocracking/hydroconversion and hydrotreatment processes that use them. The catalyst comprises at least one hydro-dehydrogenating element that is selected from the group that is formed by the elements of group VIB and group VIII of the periodic table and a dopant in a controlled quantity that is selected from among phosphorus, boron, and silicon and a non-zeolitic substrate with a silica-alumina base that contains a quantity of more than 15% by weight and of less than or equal to 95% by weight of silica (SiO2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a shaped catalyst or catalyst precursor containing a catalytically active component or a precursor therefore, the component selected from elements of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, supported on a carrier, which catalyst or catalyst precursor is an elongated shaped particle having three protrusions each extending from and attached to a central position, wherein the central position is aligned along the longitudinal axis of the particle, the cross-section of the particle occupying the space encompassed by the outer edges of six circles around a central circle, each of the six circles touching two neighboring circles while three alternating circles are equidistant to the central circle and may be attached to the central circle, minus the space occupied by the three remaining outer circles and including the six interstitial regions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a structured catalyst for reforming of gasoline and a method of preparing the same, more particularly to a structured catalyst for reforming of gasoline for fuel-cell powered vehicles prepared by wash-coating the transition metal based reforming catalyst on the surface of the ceramic honeycomb support wash-coated with sub-micron sized alumina or its precursor to sufficiently increase the effective surface area and the performance of the catalyst and a method of preparing the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to noble metal-free nickel catalysts that exhibit both high activity and selectivity to hydrogen generation and carbon monoxide oxidation. The noble metal-free water gas shift catalyst of the invention comprises Ni in either a supported or a bulk state and at least one of Ge, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Pb, their oxides and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An unsupported catalyst composition which comprises one or more Group VIb metals, one or more Group VIII metals, and a refractory oxide material which comprises 50 wt % or more titania, on oxide basis, which is prepared by precipitation techniques, finds use in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a method for producing stable alkaline metal oxide sols having a uniform particle size distribution. The method comprises the steps of: heating a metal compound at a temperature of 60° C. to 110° C. in an aqueous medium that contains a carbonate of quaternary ammonium; and carrying out hydrothermal processing at a temperature of 110° C. to 250° C. The carbonate of quaternary ammonium is (NR4)2CO3 or NR4HCO3 in which R represents a hydrocarbon group, or a mixture thereof. The metal compound is one, or two or more metal compounds selected from a group of compounds based on a metal having a valence that is bivalent, trivalent, or tetravalent.

Abstract: A bulk metal oxide catalyst composition of the general formula (X)b(M)c(Z)d(O)e??(I) wherein X represents at least one non-noble Group VIII metal; M represents at least one non-noble Group VIb metal; Z represents one or more elements selected from aluminium, silicon, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, boron, and zinc; one of b and c is the integer 1; and d and e and the other of b and c each are a number greater than 0 such that the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 0.5:1 to 5:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.2:1 to 50:1, and the molar ratio of e:c is in the range of from 3.7:1 to 108:1; is prepared by controlled (co)precipitation of component metal compounds, refractory oxide material, and alkali compound in protic liquid. Resulting compositions find use in hydrotreatment processes involving particularly hydrodesulphurisation and hydrodenitrification.

Abstract: A vermiculite supported catalyst for carbon monoxide (CO) preferential oxidation (PROX) is disclosed. The CO PROX catalyst comprises at least one catalytic agent, one optional modifier agent, one carrier material, and a vermiculite support. The process for preparing the vermiculite supported catalyst in this invention includes depositing first the carrier material on a vermiculite support followed by calcination to form the carrier-containing support, and wet impregnating the catalytic agent and the optional modifier agent on the carrier-containing support followed by drying and calcination to form the CO preferential oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention features a catalytic material which includes a metal catalyst anchored to a nano-sized crystal containing a metal oxide. Furthermore, the present invention features a method of producing the catalytic material described herein. Finally, the present invention features using the catalytic material for removing contaminants and for getting the desired products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst nickel, silica, alumina and magnesium, wherein the nickel to magnesium atomic ratio is 5-75. In particular the present invention relates to a catalyst comprising nickel, silica, alumina and magnesium, wherein the nickel to silicium atomic ratio (Ni/Si) is 2 to 30 the nickel to aluminum atomic ratio (Ni/Al) is 9 to 40 and the nickel to magnesium atomic ratio (Ni/Mg) is 5-75. The invention further relates to a method for preparing such a catalyst. The invention further relates to a process for hydrogenating unsaturated organic compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel hydrogenation catalyst, process of preparing the catalyst and process for the preparation of optically active L-norephedrine, [(1R,2S)-2-amino-1-phenyl-1-propanol] by a catalytic hydrogenation process, said catalyst comprising of finely divided nickel metal containing a metal from group III A of the periodic table as an activator and a metal from group VI B or VIII as promoter,

Abstract: The invention relates to highly active spherical metal support catalysts with a metal content of 10 to 70% by mass, and a process for their production with the use of a mixture of polysaccharides and at least one metal compound which is dropped into a metal salt solution.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for depositing one or more metal or metal alloy films on substrates. The compositions contain a catalyst, one or more carrier particles and one or more water-soluble or water-dispersible organic compounds. Metal or metal alloys may be deposited on the substrates by electroless or electrolytic deposition.