Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus for treatment of a hydrogen-rich gas to reduce the carbon monoxide content thereof by reacting the carbon monoxide in the gas with an amount of oxygen sufficient to oxidize at least a portion of the carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst in a desired temperature range without substantial reaction of hydrogen. The catalyst is an iridium-based catalyst dispersed on, and supported on, a carrier. In the presence of the catalyst, carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich feed gas is selectively oxidized such that a product stream is produced with a very low carbon monoxide content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for recovering cobalt carbonyl catalysts used in the preparation of N-acyl-alpha-amino acid derivatives by amidocarbonylation comprising the process steps:adding aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution to the reaction solution present after the preparation of the N-acyl-.alpha.-amino acid derivative,then separating the aqueous phase containing water-soluble cobalt(II) salt from the nonaqueous product-containing phase,subsequently adding an alkali metal salt of the N-acyl-alpha-amino acid derivative to the aqueous phase from the previous process step,then separating off the precipitated cobalt salt of the N-acyl-alpha-amino acid derivative, andfinally converting the resulting cobalt salt of the N-acyl-alpha-amino acid derivative into the cobalt carbonyl catalyst in the presence of a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract: Self-heating characteristics of a spontaneously combustible catalyst are reduced by treating spontaneously combustible catalysts with oxygen-containing hydrocarbons having at least 12 carbon atoms. The treatment is particularly suitable for reducing the self-heating characteristics of sulfidable metal oxide(s)-containing catalysts, presulfurized catalysts, presulfided catalysts or reduced catalysts. When applied to sulfur-containing catalysts, the treatment gives a catalyst that has suppressed self-heating properties without substantially compromising sulfur retention or activity. Further, a method of safely unloading a catalyst from a reactor is provided where the catalyst in the reactor is treated with a liquid mixture containing oxygen-containing hydrocarbon having at least 12 carbon atoms to wet the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for presulfurizing a refining catalyst or petrochemical catalyst consists of bringing a catalyst into contact with liquid elementary sulfur or elementary sulfur dissolved in a liquid, preferably another sulfur compound such as an organic polysulfide, in the presence of a stabilizing agent, e.g., a fatty acid, mercaptan or alcohol.

Abstract: Platinum metal-containing catalyst systems, which comprise at least one platinum metal, a co-catalyst and other salts, and which are used for the production of diaryl carbonates by the oxidative reaction of aromatic hydroxy compounds with carbon monoxide, can be reactivated by treating the deactivated catalyst system in the liquid phase with an oxidising agent, removing the excess oxidising agent, and reacting the reactivated catalyst system with a carboxylate or diketonate.

Abstract: A process for regenerating solid treating particles contained in at least two vessels of a swing bed regeneration operation where the effluent of the regeneration operation is maintained regeneration fluid-free and at a substantially constant flowrate has been developed. The swing bed regeneration operation involves an on-line vessel treating process fluid and an off-line vessel for regeneration. At least a portion of the process fluid effluent from the vessel on-line is conducted to a displacement surge drum. The flowrate of the process fluid effluent from the displacement surge drum is controlled so that downstream units receive a substantially constant flowrate.

Abstract: A wet recycling method for impregnated active carbon used to remove radioactive organic iodide in a nuclear power plant by extracting impregnated substance and radioactive organic iodide from the used impregnated active carbon with an acetonitrile solution and reproducing active carbon to be used in preparing impregnated active carbon, the filtered extractive solution being distilled to obtain pure acetonitrile for the use purpose as an extractive solution, the impregnated substance and radioactive organic iodide extracted in a small amount of solid, thus reducing the volume of the waste impregnated active carbon greatly to decrease solid waste material and at the same time recycle materials.

Abstract: Catalyst comprising a perfluorinated ion-exchange microcomposite can be reactivated upon contact with at least one cleaning agent, such as an oxidizing agent, organic solvent, supercritical fluid or detergent. The process may further comprise heating prior to, during or after contact followed by washing with water and/or an organic solvent.

Abstract: Self-heating characteristics of a spontaneously combustible catalyst are reduced by treating spontaneously combustible catalysts with oxygen-containing hydrocarbons having at least 12 carbon atoms. The treatment is particularly suitable for reducing the self-heating characteristics of sulfidable metal oxide(s)-containing catalysts, presulfurized catalysts, presulfided catalysts or reduced catalysts. When applied to sulfur-containing catalysts, the treatment gives a catalyst that has suppressed self-heating properties without substantially compromising sulfur retention or activity. Further, a method of safely unloading a catalyst from a reactor is provided where the catalyst in the reactor is treated with a liquid mixture containing oxygen-containing hydrocarbon having at least 12 carbon atoms to wet the catalyst.

Abstract: Catalyst systems with a content of a platinum-group-metal catalyst, a co-catalyst, a quaternary salt and a base for the oxidative carbonylation of aromatic hydroxy compounds to the corresponding diaryl carbonates are according to the invention obtained as a mother liquor by suspension crystallization and can be returned into the carbonylation reaction or worked up to valuable materials. The crystallizate, which consists predominantly of diaryl carbonate and the parent aromatic hydroxy compound, is worked up to pure diaryl carbonate and pure hydroxy compound.

Abstract: A process for passivating contaminating metal on a hydrocarbon cracking catalyst is provided. The catalyst is contacted within a hydrocarbon catalytic cracking unit with a stabilized dispersion. The dispersion comprises a fluid vehicle, a dispersion agent, and finely milled particles of one or more metals or metal compounds for passivation of metal-contaminated cracking catalysts. The dispersion is preferably produced by a process wherein an agitated media mill is loaded with comminuting media, fluid vehicle, dispersion agent and particles of a metal or metal compound for passivation of metal-contaminated cracking catalysts. The comminuting media, fluid vehicle, and particles are then agitated until the particles are reduced in size by at least 10% and have a volumetric average particle size of less than 0.5 microns.

Abstract: The catalytic activity of a titanium-containing heterogeneous catalyst such as titania-on-silica which has been used to catalyze olefin epoxidation is effectively restored by washing the catalyst with water, alcohol, ether, nitrile, ester, aromatic hydrocarbon, or ketone.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for rejuvenating particulate used catalysts in a single rejuvenation vessel and providing a rejuvenated catalyst material having properties that result in activity substantially equal to new catalyst. The pressurizable vertically-oriented vessel has inlet and outlet openings for the catalyst and washing liquids, and is arranged to facilitate successive solvent liquid washing, water washings, and acid treatment steps for the used particulate catalyst provided in a bed in the vessel conical-shaped lower portion which contains catalyst rotary stirring means. After rejuvenation of the used catalyst, it is withdrawn from the vessel conical-shaped lower portion downwardly through a central withdrawal conduit and control valve for further processing. The water-soluble solvent and acid treatment liquids can be usually recovered by distillation for reuse in the catalyst rejuvenation process.

Abstract: A spent zeolite-containing hydrocarbon cracking catalyst is treated by regenerating it to remove carboneous deposits. A portion of the regenerated catalyst is withdrawn from the circulating catalyst inventory of a hydrocarbon processing unit and slurried with a liquid containing an activating agent to solubilize and/or dislodge contaminants which block the pores of the zeolite and adversely affect the activity of the catalyst. The slurry is agitated to dissolve or dislodge the contaminants from the zeolite pores, and the agitated slurry, without being permitted to settle, is transferred to a fluidized drying zone where the liquid and solubilized and/or dislodged contaminants are removed from the treated catalyst which has a level of cracking activity higher than that of the catalyst in the circulating catalyst inventory. The treated catalyst is then recycled to the unit and contacted with a hydrocarbon feedstock under cracking conditions.

Abstract: A process for regenerating solid treating particles contained in at least two vessels of a swing bed regeneration operation where the effluent of the regeneration operation is maintained regeneration fluid-free and at a substantially constant flowrate has been developed. The swing bed regeneration operation involves at least two vessels, one of which is on-line treating process fluid, and the other is off-line for regeneration. At least a portion of the process fluid effluent from the vessel on-line is conducted to a displacement surge drum. The flowrate of the process fluid effluent from the displacement surge drum is controlled so that downstream units receive a substantially constant flowrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for recovering the cobalt carbonyl catalyst used, in which a water-soluble cobalt salt is first prepared by addition of acid and this is subsequently precipitated as cobalt hydroxide. This cobalt hydroxide is then reacted with the N-acyl-.alpha.-amino acid derivative for whose preparation the cobalt carbonyl catalyst is intended, and the resulting cobalt-containing melt is converted into the cobalt carbonyl catalyst in the presence of a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting a spent catalyst from conventional fluorination processes into a commercially useful tantalum or niobium oxide such as Ta(OH)5, Ta2O5, Nb(OH)5, or Nb2O5. The process broadly relates to dissolving the spent catalyst into water or an aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution, separating and disposing the undissolved residue, extracting the aqueous solution with a suitable solvent such as methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), and obtaining useful tantalum or niobium oxide products.

Abstract: A simple and excellent process for the regeneration of heteropolyacid catalysts can be provided. A heteropolyacid catalyst, e.g. a phosphomolybdic acid catalyst, whose activity has been lowered can be regenerated by dissolving and/or suspending it in an aqueous medium and then treating with an inorganic ion-exchange material, e.g. crystalline antimonic acid.

Abstract: A method for extending the life of catalyst used to fluorinate olefins, e.g. a supported Lewis acid catalyst in the catalytic hydrofluorination of vinylidene chloride by conducting the hydrofluorination in the presence of a polymerization inhibitor for the vinylidene chloride.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a supported noble metal catalyst and also a process for catalytic treatment of wastewater containing, in particular, organohalogen contaminants, in which the process for regenerating the catalyst is a part of the overall wastewater treatment process.

Abstract: Self-heating characteristics of a spontaneously combustible catalyst are reduced by treating spontaneously combustible catalysts with oxygen-containing hydrocarbons having at least 12 carbon atoms. The treatment is particularly suitable for reducing the self-heating characteristics of sulfidable metal oxide(s)-containing catalysts, presulfurized catalysts, presulfided catalysts or reduced catalysts. When applied to sulfur-containing catalysts, the treatment gives a catalyst that has suppressed self-heating properties without substantially compromising sulfur retention or activity. Further, a method of safely unloading a catalyst from a reactor is provided where the catalyst in the reactor is treated with a liquid mixture containing oxygen-containing hydrocarbon having at least 12 carbon atoms to wet the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regenerating a hydrogenation catalyst employed in the production of hydrogen peroxide, being characterized in that the catalyst to be regenerated is treated with an oxidized working solution used in the production of hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of a sulphonic acid catalyst from an aqueous extract of an alkylation effluent stream comprising the steps ofevaporating the extract to obtain a hydrate of the sulphonic acid catalyst;reacting the hydrate with an olefin containing hydrocarbon stream to its corresponding sulphonic acid ester; andintroducing the acid ester to a process for the alkylation of a hydrocarbon feedstock with an olefinic alkylation agent at alkylation conditions, thereby decomposing the sulphonic acid ester to its acid form being catalytic active in the alkylation process.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting a spent catalyst from conventional fluorination processes into a commercially useful tantalum or niobium salt such as K.sub.2 TaF.sub.7 or K.sub.2 NbF.sub.7. The process broadly relates to dissolving the spent catalyst in water or an aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution, separating and disposing the undissolved residue, extracting the aqueous solution with a suitable solvent such as methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), and obtaining useful tantalum products from the MIBK solution such as a tantalum salt.

Abstract: Process for the recovery of fluorinated sulphonic acid catalyst from tar being formed during alkylation of hydrocarbons in the presence of the fluorinated sulphonic acid catalyst and containing spent fluorinated sulphonic acid catalyst in form of salts with basic components in the tar, which process comprises,treating the tar with an alkyl ester of sulphuric acid to form a fluorinated sulphonic acid alkyl ester;separating the obtained ester from the tar by stripping the ester off the tar with an inert stripping agent; and finallyrecovering the separated sulphonic acid alkyl ester from the stripping agent.

Abstract: A three step process for regenerating spent bleaching clays and acid-activated smectite catalyst granules includes: (1) an extraction step to remove a majority of entrained oil, preferably about 75% to about 95% by weight of the entrained oil, when regenerating bleaching clays; (2) an oxidation step to remove the majority of remaining carbonaceous adsorbates which are not removed by the preceding extraction step, and (3) an acid wash step to restore the acidity normally associated with fresh acid-activated bleaching clays. The features of steps 2 and 3 may be combined into a single step by using an appropriate oxidant, for example, a source of acidic protons, such as peracetic acid.

Abstract: For the impregnation into the pores of a hydrocarbon treatment catalyst of a sulfurizing agent chosen from element sulfur and organic polysulfides with the aid of a solvent, the impregnation process totally or partially comprises a constituent of the olefin or olefin fraction type, e.g., of the vegetable oil type, or a similar constituent. The use of such a constituent makes it possible to significantly reduce the exothermal effect which occurs during presulfurization, compared with the exothermal effects obtained without using such a constituent.

Abstract: A method of enhancing the activity of a regenerated catalyst for the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbons comprising:(a) applying a modifying element dissolved in a solvent onto the surface of a regenerated catalyst;(b) drying said modified regenerated catalyst to remove all free solvent from said catalyst;(c) optionally, heating said dried modified regenerated catalyst at temperature of about 120.degree. C. to about 1000.degree. C. at a rate of 1.degree.-20.degree. C. per minute, and holding said dried catalyst at a temperature of about 120.degree. C. to about 1000.degree. C. up to 48 hours to provide an enhanced regenerated catalyst; and(d) recovering said enhanced regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: A three step process for regenerating spent bleaching clays and acid-activated smectite catalyst granules includes: (1) an extraction step to remove a majority of entrained oil, preferably about 75% to about 95% by weight of the entrained oil, when regenerating bleaching clays; (2) an oxidation step to remove the majority of remaining carbonaceous adsorbates which are not removed by the preceding extraction step, and (3) an acid wash step to restore the acidity normally associated with fresh acid-activated bleaching clays. The features of steps 2 and 3 may be combined into a single step by using an appropriate oxidant, for example, a source of acidic protons, such as peracetic acid.

Abstract: This invention is a process for the regeneration of solid acidic hydrocarbon conversion catalysts, but particularly certain transition aluminas and zeolites promoted with Lewis acids (preferably BF.sub.3) which have been used in the alkylation of isoparaffins with olefins. The process involves the removal of some portion of the reaction product residue adhering to the solid catalyst by contact with a solvent to partially recover the catalyst's initial activity.

Abstract: A novel process and chemicals are disclosed for the rejuvenation of oxidation catalysts used to reduce the production of pollutants in the exhaust gas emanating from an internal combustion engine, particularly catalysts used in the converters of automobiles and other combustion engine powered vehicles. The rejuvenation may be done in place, within minutes, without removing the holding containers or converters or the catalyst from them. The rejuvenation is effected by treating the used catalyst with an aqueous solution of a peroxide which is decomposable at the temperature of treatment. The concentration of solution, the proportion of solution per unit volume of catalyst and the time of treatment are important factors in the effectiveness in regenerating or rejuvenating the catalyst.

Abstract: Catalyst which has become deactivated during a hydrocarbon synthesis (HCS) process is reactivated - rejuvenated using an external reactivation - rejuvenation vessel resulting in a multiple HCS reaction - catalyst rejuvenation reactor vessel design. Flow of the catalyst is synthesis product slurry from the reactor vessel to the rejuvenation vessel and the flow of rejuvenated catalyst back to the reactor vessel are driven by gravity only.

Abstract: A process for producing desulfurized fats and oils or fatty acid esters, which are highly suitable as a starting material for producing alcohols via hydrogenation, at a high yield is disclosed. Desulfurized fats and oils or fatty acid esters are obtained by contacting fats and oils or fatty acid esters with a catalyst represented by the following formula (I) under a hydrogen atmosphere or a mixture of hydrogen with an inert gas:Ni.Cu.sub.x O.sub.y (I)wherein x represents an atomic ratio of Cu determined by referring Ni as 1 and a value of from 0.02 to 8; and y is an atomic ratio of oxygen satisfying the valence requirements of Ni and Cu. A process for producing alcohols using the desulfurized fats and oils or fatty acid esters is also disclosed. A process for producing an alcohols using desulfurized fats and oils or fatty acid esters is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of releasing metals from catalysts in a form that is readily recoverable using denitrifying bacteria is disclosed. The method can be used to regenerate catalysts and to recover metals from catalysts, especially molybdenum and nickel.

Abstract: Spent or inactive alumina-supported catalysts removed from a catalytic hydrotreating process and having carbonaceous and metallic deposits thereon are reactivated. After a solvent wash to remove process oils, the spent catalyst is treated with an organic solvent, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, at a temperature of 200.degree. to about 500.degree. F. for a period of about 1 to about 12 hours to form the reactivated catalyst suitable for reuse in a catalytic hydrotreating process. Optionally, the solvent treated catalyst can be regenerated by contact with an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of about 700.degree. to about 900.degree. F. to remove carbon deposits from the catalyst, or, alternatively, the solvent treated catalyst can be acid leached to remove undesired metals and then contacted with an oxygen-containing gas at an elevated temperature to remove carbon deposits.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a catalyst which involves washing a catalyst with a liquid at a temperature within the range of about 50.degree. C. to about 70.degree. C. for a time sufficient to remove foulants thereby recovering catalyst activity. The wash liquid is preferably a member selected from the group consisting of ethers, alcohols and mixtures of ethers and alcohols wherein the ether is a tertiary alkyl ether, preferably selected from the group consisting of tertiary amyl methyl ether and methyl tertiary butyl ether, and wherein the alcohol is preferably selected from the group consisting of tertiary butyl alcohol and methanol. The catalyst is preferably a clay treated with an acid selected from the group consisting of hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid and mixtures of hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acid, wherein the clay is preferably selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, kaolinite, attapulgite, bentoninte and natural clay.

Abstract: In the preparation of tertiary butyl alcohol and a linear C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 mono epoxide by the epoxidation reaction of a linear C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 alpha mono olefin with tertiary butyl hydroperoxide in solution in tertiary butyl alcohol in the presence of a catalytic amount of a soluble complex of molybdenum with ethylene glycol, a portion of the catalyst that is used is a recycle (final) ethylene glycol solution of a complex of ethylene glycol with ammonium-containing molybdenum compounds prepared from ethylene glycol and a precipitate of solid ammonium-containing molybdenum compounds formed by saturating a heavy distillation fraction with ammonia to thereby form a liquid amination product containing a precipitate of solid ammonium-containing molybdenum compounds; the heavy distillation fraction being obtained by distillation of the epoxidation reaction product.

Abstract: A process for recovering a Group VIII metal from an organic solution is disclosed. The organic solution is contacted with an acidic ion exchange resin that has sulfonic acid active groups. The invention provides an effective and economical way to recover valuable transition metals from dilute organic solutions.

Abstract: This invention concerns the use of M[BR.sub.3 H].sub.y reagents for activating or regenerating deactivated or degraded Ni catalyst used in Ni-catalyzed alkene hydrocyanation processes in the presence of an organic phosphorus compound, where M is an electropositive ion excluding nickel, such as, but not limited to, the Group 1A cations, the Group IIA cations, the lanthanide cations and the quaternary ammoniums and R is an organic radical of up to 18 carbon atoms, and where y is equal to the net charge of the cation. The invention also concerns a process for activation or regeneration of Ni-catalysts using MH and a catalytic amount of BR.sub.3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process making it possible when a refining catalyst is subject preferably in situ to the conventional activation reaction in the presence of hydrogen (generally at above 100.degree. C.) to carry out, as a result of the in situ presence of hydrogen, the sulphurization at the required stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric level of the active metal or metals in the composition of the catalyst. In the absence of hydrogen, the process consists of incorporating into the porosity of the new or regenerated catalyst at least one sulphurizing agent of general formula:R--S(n)--R'in which n is an integer from 3 to 20 and R represents an organic radical.The invention is characterized in that a critical elementary sulphur quantity is added to the sulphurizing agent.

Abstract: Carbonaceous materials deposited on solid catalysts and produced, for example, in Beckmann rearrangement in a gaseous phase are burned off by effecting the treatment in the presence of alcohols such as methanol or ethanol together with molecular oxygen-containing gas in order to regenerate the catalyst activity.

Abstract: An improved pretreatment method for preparing powdered catalysts with well controlled particle size distributions that are free of sub 1 micron particles comprising dispersion of the powdered catalyst in liquid comprised of either a) a hydrocarbon containing low levels of a surfactant or, b) a surfactant containing polar protic solvent, followed by decantation of the suspended finely divided sub 1 micron particles and repeating said sequence until essentially 90% of the sub 1 micron particles have been removed.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for reducing a refining catalyst before it is put into use, the catalyst containing a support and an active phase based on at least one noble or non-noble metal of group VIII or of group Ib of the periodic classification of elements, consisting of:(a) impregnating the catalyst with an aqueous or organic solution of a reducing agent,(b) decomposing the reducing agent by heating with a catalyst, and(c) drying the catalyst thus obtained.The catalyst is used in selective hydrogention of a feed such as olefin, acetylenes, diolefins etc.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a catalyst which involves washing a catalyst with a liquid at a temperature within the range of about 50.degree. C. to about 70.degree. C. for a time sufficient to remove foulants thereby recovering catalyst activity. The wash liquid is preferably a member selected from the group consisting of ethers, alcohols and mixtures of ethers and alcohols wherein the ether is a tertiary alkyl ether, preferably selected from the group consisting of tertiary amyl methyl ether and methyl tertiary butyl ether, and wherein the alcohol is preferably selected from the group consisting of tertiary butyl alcohol and methanol. The catalyst is preferably a clay treated with an acid selected from the group consisting of hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid and mixtures of hydrofluoric and hydrochlorica acid, wherein the clay is preferably selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, kaolinite, attapulgite, bentonite and natural clay.

Abstract: A process for sweetening a petroleum fraction by catalytic oxidation of mercaptans contained therein in a fixed bed of the supported catalyst, with the oxidation reaction being carried out in the absence of an aqueous phase and in the presence of an oxidizing agent, and the water molecules formed during the oxidation reaction being removed from the catalyst support by washing the latter periodically with a substantial quantity of a polar solvent that is miscible with water.

Abstract: A process for purifying and recovering the contaminated catalyst solution arising from the carbonylation of methanol, methyl acetate and/or dimethyl ether. The solution contains carbonyl complexes of rhodium, quaternary organophosphorus compounds as organic promoters, undistillable organic impurities, and acetic acid, acetic anhydride and ethylidene diacetate. The carbonyl complex of rhodium together with acetic acid, acetic anhydride and ethylidene diacetate are extracted from the contaminated catalyst solution by using a tri-C.sub.3 - to C.sub.8 -alkylphosphine. The trialkylphosphine phase is separated from the promoter phase and is separated into the volatile constituents acetic acid, acetic anhydride and ethylidene diacetate as well as trialkylphosphine. The rhodium carbonyl complex remaining as the residue and the recovered trialkylphosphine is used for further extraction.

Abstract: A reactivation process for a deactivated supported palladium catalyst involves contacting the catalyst with an organic polar solvent for naphthalenic compounds at a temperature below about 200.degree. C. The organic polar solvent has a dielectric constant at 25.degree. C. in the range of about 4 to about 80 and has a boiling point at atmospheric pressure in the range of about 30.degree. C. to about 230.degree. C. Preferred organic polar solvents are acetone and methanol, as well as mixtures thereof.

Abstract: In a process for removing the metallic corrosion products from a contaminated catalyst solution produced on carbonylation of methanol and/or methyl acetate and/or dimethyl ether and containing carbonyl complexes of noble metals from group VIII of the Periodic Table of the elements, quaternary organo-phosphorus compounds as organic promoters, metallic corrosion products and acetic acid, acetic anhydride, ethylidene diacetate and, in some cases, undistillable organic compounds, the catalyst solution is treated with water, the noble metal carbonyl complex and the undistillable organic compounds, if present, being precipitated, while the organic promoter and the metallic corrosion products remain in solution; the aqueous phase is separated from the precipitated noble metal carbonyl complex and the organic promoter is extracted from the aqueous phase using C.sub.4 -C.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating a new or regenerated catalyst containing a support having as a base at least one metal or metalloid oxide and at least one active metal, comprising treating the catalyst with at least one sulfuration agent dissolved in a solvent.The invention is charcterized in that the sulfuration agent is a polysulfide with the following general formulaR'--S.sub.y --R--S.sub.x --R--S.sub.y).sub.n R'where R is a linear or a branched organic radical comprising from 2 to 12 carbon atoms; R' is an alkyl, alkenyl, arylalkyl or arylalkenyl radical comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R' possibly comprising at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur; x has a value of from 1 to 4; y has a value of from 1 to 8 and n is such that the average molar mass of the polymer is about 5000.

Abstract: Catalyst systems, methods to improve a catalyst system, and dimerization processes therewith are provided. Catalyst systems which comprise at least one elemental alkali metal supported on an alkali metal carbonate catalyst support, are contacted with a liquid organic solvent in order to improve the isomer ratio of the desired reaction product(s) to undesired product(s).