Abstract: Gear oils meeting GL-5 specifications are obtained by blending a base oil, a thermally stable phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent; and a metal-free sulfur-containing extreme-pressure agent; wherein the thermally stable phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent is present in an amount sufficient to provide from 100 to 350 ppm phosphorus to the formulated gear oil and wherein the metal-free sulfur-containing extreme-pressure agent is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least 10,000 ppm sulfur to the formulated gear oil and wherein the formulated gear oil contains 350 ppm of phosphorus or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low sulfur, low ash, and low phosphorus oil soluble lubricant additive package comprising an overbased metal phenate. Also included in the present invention are lubricating oils comprising the inventive oil soluble lubricant additive package, as well as machines lubricated by such oils. Several methods for lubricating machinery are also disclosed.

Abstract: An oil-soluble additive composition and lubricating oil composition containing the same, comprising an organic sulfur-containing extreme pressure additive; a thiadiazole, wherein the thiadiazole does not contain a polycarboxylate moiety and the amount of dimercaptothiadiazole is from about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt %; an amino phosphorus compound; and an alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydride, used to reduce the corrosion of yellow metal components which are present in axles and transmissions.

Abstract: A gear oil additive composition and gear oil composition comprising a organic polysulfide having at least 30 wt % of a dialkyl polysulfide compound or mixture of dialkyl polysulfide compounds, a thiadiazole; and at least one ashless phosphorus-containing wear inhibitor compound is disclosed as having low yellow corrosion in axles and transmissions.

Abstract: A lubricating composition containing the reaction product (a) of an aldehyde, amine and a di-secondary alkyl hindered phenol and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl diphenylamines, sterically hindered phenols other than component (a), metal hydrocarbyl dithiophosphates, sulphurised olefins and mixtures thereof. The composition has antioxidant properties for internal combustion engines without the bioaccumulation of tris-tert-butyl phenol.

Abstract: Provided is a lubricant composition prepared by adding, to a base oil, (a) from 0.01 to 5% by mass, based on the composition, of a phosphate, (b) from 0.005 to 1% by mass of an amine salt of an acid phosphate and (c) from 0.01 to 1% by mass of a sulfur-containing extreme-pressure agent. The composition is favorable for non-zinc hydraulic oil, which has good oxidation resistance, sludge resistance and wear resistance and further has improved extreme pressure resistance and prolonged fatigue life.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions particularly suitable for automatic transmissions comprising a lubricating base oil, (A) a boron-containing ashless dispersant in an amount of 0.004 to 0.05 percent by mass in terms of boron, based on the total mass of the composition, (B) an alkaline earth metal-based detergent with a base number of 0 to 500 mgKOH/g in an amount of 0.01 percent by mass or more in terms of an alkaline earth metal, based on the total mass of the composition, and (C) a sulfur-based additive in an amount of 0.01 to 0.3 percent by mass in terms of sulfur, based on the total mass of the composition and having excellent anti-wear properties and improved fatigue life by inhibiting pitching.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition for automatic transmissions wherein the mass ratio of phosphorus:calcium:boron:sulfur determined by elemental analysis is 1:(0.1 to 2):(0.06 to 2):(0.2 to 20), the concentration of phosphorus is from 0.01 to 0.06 percent by mass, the concentration of the sulfur derived from a base oil is from 0 to 0.1 percent by mass, and the concentration of the sulfur derived from sulfur-based additives is from 0.01 to 0.15 percent by mass, based on the total amount of the composition. The lubricating oil composition can prevent the occurrence of scratch phenomenon even over a long period of time when used in a metal belt type continuously variable automatic transmission.

Abstract: Disclosed is an additive composition that can be mixed with various types of basic oils to produce a lubricant that can meet the international standards of manual truck gearbox oils. A preferred embodiment includes various quantities of an isobutylene sulfide, zinc dialklydithiophosate and other components. Component properties of the additive composition are selected to produce a lubricant that has good thermal stability, rust-resisting and endurance qualities and that has a low cost of use and production.

Abstract: In its broadest concept, the present invention relates to an improved gear oil comprising:

Abstract: An oil composition for cutting and grinding by minimal quantity lubrication system and for sliding surface according to the present invention comprises an ester and a sulfur compound and/or a phosphorus compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, at least one organic polysulfide comprising less than about 88% dihydrocarbyl trisulfide, from up to about 5% dihydrocarbyl disulfide, and more than about 7 wt. % dihydrocarbyl higher polysulfides, and at least one phosphorus or boron compound, or mixtures of two or more thereof. The invention also relates to concentrates and greases containing the above combination. The invention also relates to methods of making the organic polysulfide.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition containing in oxidation inhibitor package, a rust inhibitor and metal deactivator is used in industrial fluids. The oxidation package contains alkylated diphenylamines, substituted hydrocarbyl monosulphides and optionally sterically hindered phenols. The rust inhibitor contains at least 1 of alkylated amine salts of alkylphosphoric acid, dialkyldithiophosphoric acid or hydrocarbyl aryl sulphonic acids. The metal deactivator is 5-methylbenzotriazole.

Abstract: The multifunctional lubricant according to the invention comprises at least one phosphoric ester (A) of general formula: 1

Abstract: This invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, at least one organic polysulfide comprising less than about 88% dihydrocarbyl trisulfide, from up to about 5% dihydrocarbyl disulfide, and more than about 7 wt. % dihydrocarbyl higher polysulfides, and at least one phosphorus or boron compound, or mixtures of two or more thereof. The invention also relates to concentrates and greases containing the above combination. The invention also relates to methods of making the organic polysulfide.

Abstract: This invention relates to a low cost, wear inhibitor containing novel dithiocarbamates with alkylthio and hydroxy substituents that can be used to formulate low phosphorus lubricants. In addition to wear inhibition, the dithiocarbamate compositions of the invention provide substantial oxidation protection to lubricating oils and are not detrimental to fuel economy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising: (a) at least one sulfur-free hydrocarbyl phosphoric acid ester or salt, (b) at least one sulfur-containing hydrocarbyl phosphoric acid or salt, (c) an organic polysulfide, (d) at least one dispersant, and (e) at least one triazole metal deactivator. The composition may also include a thiadiazole derivative. This additive combination provides good antiwear and thermal stability properties, even under severe thermal conditions. These compositions also have good demulsibility properties. The above combination of additives provides the antiwear and extreme-pressure protection necessary for automotive and industrial gear applications. These additives additionally provide this protection without adversely effecting demulsibility properties of the lubricant.

Abstract: A cutting method in which a solution is sprayed or jetted to a machining portion when machining by use of a water-insoluble cutting oil, wherein recovered liquid is collected and stored in one recovery tank, and separated into the water-insoluble cutting oil and another solution on the basis of the specific gravity difference, and are re-used. Stable machining is enabled by using the water-insoluble cutting oil, and measures against disaster are fully taken.

Abstract: The invention relates to bisphenyl thiocompounds of formula (I), wherein X1 to X5 independently represent H, Cl, F, OH, SH, R, —OR and —SR, wherein R is an organic radical with 1 to 18 C atoms, which can be an alkyl or alkenyl radical that can also contain —O—, —S— instead of a one to four non-adjacent CH2 groups and that can be substituted once or multiple times by —OH, —SH or halogen, an unsubstituted phenyl, cyclohexyl or cyclohexylmethyl radical or substituted by one or up to three alkyl groups with a total of 1 to 9 C atoms in which a CH2 group may be replaced by —O—, provided that at least 3 of the radicals X1 to X5 are; Y1 to Y5 independently have the meaning cited for X1 to X5 and Z represents an &agr;, &ohgr;-alkylene group with 2 to 18 C atoms in which one to three CH2 groups may be substituted by —O— or —S— and 1,4-cyclohexandimethyl group or a simple bond.

Abstract: Disclosed is an additive composition that can be mixed with various types of basic oils to produce a lubricant that can meet the international standards of manual truck gearbox oils. A preferred embodiment includes various quantities of an isobutylene sulfide, zinc dialklydithiophosate and other components. Component properties of the additive composition are selected to produce a lubricant that has good thermal stability, rust-resisting and endurance qualities and that has a low cost of use and production.

Abstract: A lubricant suitable for use in a trunk piston diesel engine characterised by a power output of 200 kW or greater. The trunk piston diesel engine may be for use in marine, power generation or rail traction applications. The lubricant comprises a basestock of lubricating viscosity, an overbased metal detergent, preferably having an ash content of at least 0.85% sulfated ash, and an ashless or metal-free auxiliary additive comprising at least one of: an oil-soluble sulfurized alkylphenol, a phosphorosulfurized or sulfurized hydrocarbon, a sulfide of an oil, a fat or a polyolefin, or an amine phosphate.

Abstract: This invention relates to mineral oil based gear oils and transmission fluids which comprise a major amount of a mineral oil having an iodine number of less than 9 and where at least 55% of the saturates are aliphatic, and gear oil or transmission fluid additives. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a gear oil or transmission fluid composition comprising a major amount of lubricant basestock and at least one functional additive wherein a major amount of the lubricant basestock comprises a mineral oil having an iodine number of less than 9 and comprising at least 45% by weight of aliphatic saturates. These gear oils and transmission fluids have good viscosity and oxidation properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and (a) a extreme pressure improving amount of at least one sulfur compound, and an antiwear or an extreme pressure improving amount of the combination of (b) at least one ammonium salt of a phosphoric acid ester, (c) at least one phosphite, and (d) at least one thiophosphate or at least one reaction product of a phosphite and sulfur or a source of sulfur. The invention also relates to concentrates and greases containing the combination of the sulfur is compound and the specific phosphorus compounds.

Abstract: Gear oils meeting GL-5 specifications are obtained by blending a base oil, a thermally stable phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent; and a metal-free sulfur-containing extreme-pressure agent; wherein the thermally stable phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent is present in an amount sufficient to provide from 100 to 350 ppm phosphorus to the formulated gear oil and wherein the metal-free sulfur-containing extreme-pressure agent is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least 10,000 ppm sulfur to the formulated gear oil and wherein the formulated gear oil contains 350 ppm of phosphorus or less.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions providing superior soot dispersing characteristics, which contain a combination of a high molecular weight dispersant and a soot dispersant comprising a linked aromatic oligomer.

Abstract: A grease composition is disclosed which contains a lubricating base oil, and: (A) 2 to 30 wt % of a urea thickener, (B) 0.1 to 20 wt % of a sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent selected from the group consisting of dihydrocarbyl polysulfide, sulfurized oils and fats and mixtures thereof, and (C) 0.05 to 10 wt % of a sulfonate selected from the group consisting of an over-based zinc sulfonate, an over-based magnesium sulfonate and mixtures thereof having total base number of 100 to 500 mgKOH/g, each based on a total amount of said composition.

Abstract: A silicon elastomer compatible constant velocity joint grease comprises a urea grease composed of a lubricating oil and a urea thickener and an effective amount of a friction reducing additive package comprising vermiculite, molybdenum oxysulfide dithiocarbamate, polyphenylene sulfide and potassium triborate. The additive package solids have particle sizes below about 40 microns.

Abstract: A method of improving the efficiency of an air conditioning and refrigeration system, comprising introducing into the system a mixture of a carrier with an energy transferring polar compound comprising a sulfur component; a novel additive in a polar compound containing a sulfur component; and an air conditioning system utilizing a polar compound containing a sulfur component.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions containing a sulfur containing antiwear/extreme pressure agent, basic nitrogen compound or a mixture thereof together with a hydrocarbyl mercaptan. The composition may additionally contain a phosphorus or boron antiwear or extreme pressure agent, a dispersant or an overbased metal salt. The invention also relates to lubricants, functional fluids, and concentrates containing the same. Seals, e.g. nitrile, polyacrylate, and fluoroelastomer, in contact with these composition have reduced deterioration. With the use of these compositions, lubricants, and functional fluids, the seals' useful life is extended.

Abstract: To manufacture sulphurated products deriving from olefin(s) by sulphurization using sulphur and hydrogen sulphide, the reaction is carried out in the presence of a zeolite.

Abstract: A slide way lubricant composition includes at least (a) a hydrotreated petroleum having a viscosity of from about 10 cSt to about 250 cSt as measured at 40° C. and consisting predominately of hydrocarbons having from about 15 to about 50 carbon atoms per molecule and (b) a polymeric synthetic ester having an average molecular weight of at least about 200,000. The hydrotreated petroleum may be employed in an amount of from about 97.8 to about 99.4 weight percent and the ester may be employed in the composition in an amount of from about 0.6 to about 2.2 weight percent. The ester may be derived from the reaction between a dicarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol. The composition may further include an adhesion additive having an average molecular weight of at least about 1,000,000 and a high pressure agent, such as a trisulfide. A demulsibility agent may also be employed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a grease composition for a constant velocity joint, which has a low coefficient of friction to decrease the vibrations of CVJ, which comprises a base oil, a urea thickening agent, (A) a molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate, (B) at least one molybdenum di(alkyl or aryl)dithiophosphate represented by formula (I): wherein R1 represents a primary or secondary alkyl group or an aryl group, and (C) at least one sulfur-containing additive selected from the group consisting of an ashless dithiocarbamate, a polysulfide, zinc dithiocarbamate, sulfurized fat and oil, an olefin sulfide, a sulfur-phosphorus extreme pressure additive, and a thiadiazole extreme pressure additive, wherein each of the components (A), (B) and (C) is in an amount of 10% by weight or less based on the total weight of the grease composition.

Abstract: Described are products suitable as lubricant and fuel additives which are obtainable by reacting a polyunsaturated polymer, for example polybutadiene, polyisoprene, ring-opening polymerised polycyclooctenamer or polynorbomene, with at least one enophilic compound of the groups of the dihydrocarbyidithiophosphoric acids, dihydrocarbylmonothiophosphoric acids, dihydrocarbylphosphoric acids or mercaptans.

Abstract: An engine oil composition is composed of: (1) at least one oil selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil and a synthetic lubricant as a base oil; (2) a molybdenum dithiocarbamate in an amount of 50 to 2000 ppm by weight when calculated as molybdenum (Mo), relative to the total weight of the engine oil composition; (3) zinc dithiophosphate in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2 wt % when calculated as phosphorus (P), relative to the total amount of the engine oil composition; and (4) an ashless organic polysulfide compound in an amount of 0.01 to 0.4 wt % when calculated as sulfur (S), relative to the total amount of the engine oil composition.

Abstract: Lubricant or fuel compositions comprising 1) an organo, ring-substituted diphenyl sulfide, e.g. a monoalkyldiphenyl sulfide; 2) a dispersant component comprising at least one polymer-substituted succinimide, succinamide and/or succinic acid ester in which the alcohol or phenol moiety of the ester group may optionally contain amide, imide or amine nitrogen functionality, or mixtures of said amide, imide and/or ester; and 3) a dithiophosphate, e.g., a zinc dithiophosphate. The compositions have superior antiwear and extreme pressure properties.

Abstract: Gear oils and gear oil additive concentrates of enhanced positraction performance are described. They comprise: (i) at least one oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure or antiwear agent; (ii) at least one oil-soluble amine salt of a partial ester of an acid of phosphorus; and (iii) at least one oil-soluble succinimide of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having an average of 8 to 50 carbon atoms, and each of R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or alkenyl group having an average of up to about 4 carbon atoms. These compositions preferably contain one, more preferably two, and most preferably all three of the following additional components: (iv) at least one amine salt of a carboxylic acid; (v) at least one nitrogen-containing ashless dispersant; and (vi) at least one trihydrocarbyl ester of a pentavalent acid of phosphorus.

Abstract: An oil in water dispersion composition is disclosed that comprises a mixture of water and(A) an overbased non-Newtonian colloidal disperse system comprising(1) solid metal-containing colloidal particles predispersed in(2) a disperse medium of at least one inert organic liquid and(3) at least one member selected from the class consisting of organic compounds which are substantially soluble in the disperse medium, where the molecules of said organic compound have polar substituents and hydrophobic portions;(B) a water soluble associative thickener comprising a base-neutralized copolymer having copolymerized therein about 90 to about 99 mole percent of a carboxyl-containing, ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon and about 1 to about 10 mole percent of a nonionic surfactant acrylate having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a clean gear boron-free gear additive employing a boron-free ashless dispersant, a sulfur source and a phosphorus source. More particularly, the preferred boron-free ashless dispersant is a hydrocarbyl succinimide. This additive composition when blended with a suitable base oil meets MT-1 and MIL-PRF-2105E requirements without the need for boron. MT-1 is a requirement for a clean gear manual transmission oil. MIL-PRF-2105E is a requirement for a rear axle oil.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and at least one metal-free thiophosphorus acid ester, at least one amine salt of the thiophosphorus acid ester, or a mixture thereof, wherein the thiophosphorus acid ester contains at least one hydrocarbyl terminated oxyalkylene group, at least one hydrocarbyl terminated polyoxyalkylene group, or a mixture thereof. In one embodiment, the thiophosphorus acid ester is a thiophosphorus acid ester represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1, X.sub.2, and X.sub.3 are oxygen or sulfur, provided that at least one of X.sub.1, X.sub.2, and X.sub.3 is sulfur; R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl group; R.sub.2 is an alkylene group; R.sub.3 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group; x is a number from 1 to about 40; and a is 0, 1, or 2, or at least one salt of the thiophosphorus acid ester.

Abstract: This invention provides synergistic combinations of dithioketals with hindered phenols, phosphite esters, or mixtures thereof. These combinations are useful antioxidants in lubricating oils.

Abstract: Organic compounds having at least one hydrocarbyl group and a polar group containing at least one nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom, being free from acidic hydrogen atoms and from functional groups which provide such organic compounds with acidic hydrogen atoms upon hydrolysis, can be overbased by treatment with an metallic base and a low molecular weight acid, to provide useful lubricant additives.

Abstract: A composition comprising (A) an ethylene-alpha olefin-bicyclic non-conjugated diene copolymer, wherein the alpha olefin contains from 3 to about 24 carbon atoms; (B) at least one organic sulfur containing compound selected from the group consisting of mercaptans and disulfides; and (C) a major amount of diluent; wherein the sulfur-containing compound (B) is present in amounts ranging from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight relative to the weight of the copolymer (A). This invention also relates to a method of shearing a composition comprising (A) an ethylene-alpha olefin-bicyclic non-conjugated diene copolymer and (C) a diluent, the improvement which comprises reducing or preventing the formation of gel-like particles on shearing by intimately mixing with said copolymer prior to shearing an amount of (B) an organic sulfur containing compound selected from the group consisting of mercaptans and disulfides in an amount sufficient to inhibit formation of said gel-like particles.