Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a ginger fraction, the fraction prepared by this process and the use thereof on its own or combined with drugs for inhibiting human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (particularly cytochrome P450 3A4, CYP3A4) for positively influencing the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of active substances.

Abstract: The invention is directed to personal care products and compositions that comprise at least one preservative compound selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-benzoic acid, methyl-paraben, ethyl-paraben, propyl-paraben, isopropyl-paraben, butyl-paraben, isobutyl-paraben, benzyl-paraben, or a salt thereof, in a total concentration of 0.1% to 0.5% (w/w); and at least one preservative enhancer compound selected from the group consisting of benzaldehyde, 4-methylbenzaldehyde, heliotropine, vanilline, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 3-methoxybenzaldehyde, 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 3,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and 4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzaldehyde, in a total concentration of 0.05 to 0.5% (w/w), in a cosmetically acceptable base. The composition optionally contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phenoxyethanol, 2-phenylethanol, and benzylalcohol, in a total concentration of 0.05 to 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of and compositions for treating and relieving symptoms and disease associated with indications caused by a physiological drive to alleviate a sensation of anxiety. More specifically, the present invention relates to methods of and compositions for treating and relieving symptoms associated with substance abuse and withdrawal. The present invention relates to methods of and compositions for treating and relieving symptoms associated with addiction to antidepressants, opiates, nicotine or marijuana. In one method, a patient is treated with a composition that directly or indirectly modulates GABAA by modulating the expression of the GABAA receptor a4 subunit.

Abstract: This patent of invention reports the method for the preparation of 1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-penta-1,4-dien-3-one and derivatives with antitumoral properties: the sample denominated 37 compound was obtained with high yield and purity with ultrasonic technique presenting cytostatic activity (growth inhibition) in the concentrations evaluated and cytotoxic activity (cellular death) from the concentration of 0.25 mg/mL against nine different types of human cancer cell lines. This compound has a LD50, equals to 8.54 g/Kg. That means this product can be considered itself as practically nontoxic. Doxorubicin, anticarcinogen medicine used as reference in all these tests, is a product extremely toxic (LD50 of 20 mg/Kg) and it does not inhibit the growth of Mama NCI-ADR cell line (the one that expresses the phenotype of resistance against multiple drugs), therefore, out product presented a strong cytostatic activity.

Abstract: Analogs of combretastatin have been discovered which demonstrate impressive cytotoxicity as well as a remarkable ability to inhibit tubulin polymerization. Such compounds are excellent clinical candidates for the treatment of cancer in humans. In addition, certain of these ligands, as pro-drugs, may well prove to be tumor selective vascular targeting chemotherapeutic agents or to have vascular targeting activity resulting in the selective prevention and/or destruction of nonmalignant proliferating vasculature.

Abstract: The use of a hydroxyphenylalkadione derivative of the formula (I) wherein, for X, a and Y: X is a —CH2—, —NH— or —O— group, Y is a —CH2— group and a is a single bond or X and Y are in each case a —CH— group and a is a double bond in the Z or E configuration, wherein, for R1, R2 and R3 R1 denotes hydrogen, an aliphatic radical having 1 to 4 C atoms or a —O—R5, —S—R5 or —NR5R6 group and R2 and R3 independently of one another denote hydrogen or an alkyl having 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 C atoms which is optionally substituted by one or more oxo groups or R7—O— groups or R1 and R2 together form an aliphatic ring which contains a total of 4 to 10 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 oxygen atom, wherein the ring constituent represented by R1 and R2 is optionally substituted by one or more oxo groups and/or R7—O— groups and/or aliphatic radicals having 1 to 4 C atoms and R3 denotes hydrogen or an alkyl having 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 C atoms which is optionally substituted by one or more oxo groups or R7—O— groups or R2 and

Abstract: Certain embodiments in the present invention provide for methods for therapy of lung diseases and other conditions such as infection are provided. In certain embodiments, the methods comprise one or more agents capable of increasing thiol-containing compound transport via a transporter system (i.e., ABC transporters such as MDR-1 or MRP-2) in cells. Other embodiments can include the use of agents to modulate transport of thiol-containing compounds from the cell such as thiocyanate. In certain embodiments, therapeutic methods involve the administration of such agents to a patient afflicted with an inflammatory condition or infection responsive to stimulation of thiol-containing compound transport.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for external use in which the percutaneous absorbability of vitamin A, vitamin A derivative(s), vitamin C, specific vitamin C derivative(s), xanthine derivative(s), ubiquinone(s) and/or hyaluronic acid is improved. The composition for external use is prepared by blending (i) a phospholipid and (ii) a mono- or oligo-glycol ether, together with (iv) at least one bioactive component selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid, hyaluronic acid derivatives, vitamin A, vitamin A derivatives, vitamin C, specific vitamin C derivatives, xanthine derivatives, ubiquinones, and salts thereof.

Abstract: A cosmetic combination product, wherein the product comprises at least two components selected from (a) one or more dietary supplements, (b) one or more cosmetic preparations for topical application to human skin, and (c) one or more patches for adhesion to human skin. Each of the selected components (a) to (c) comprises at least one cosmetically active substance which is also comprised in the other selected component(s). This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: The present invention relates to extracts of curcuma species plant material using supercritical CO2 extraction methods, methods of treating a subject suffering from suffering from amyloid plaque aggregation or fibril formation associated with, for example, Alzheimer's disease, and methods of inhibiting amyloid plaque aggregation or fibril formation in tissue thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a combination of a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) activator and a benzoquinone and their use in treating and/or preventing disorders characterized by endothelial dysfunction, such as cardiovascular disease, strokes and myocardial infarction. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the benzoquinone or precursor thereof is a ubiquinone or precursor thereof, more preferably, coenzyme Q10 or a precursor thereof, and the PPAR activator is a fibrate or a thiazolidinedione, more preferably fenofibrate.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to compositions comprising a gingerol, for example, compositions comprising gingerol in an amount greater than about 2% by weight. In some aspects of the invention, the composition comprises 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, 6-shagaol, or combinations thereof. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for extracting a ginger species comprising, sequentially extracting a ginger species plant material to yield an essential oil fraction, a gingerol fraction, a phenolic fraction, and a polysaccharide fraction, wherein the essential oil and gingerol fractions are derived by extracting plant feedstock material by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, the phenolic fraction is extracted from the plant feedstock material or from the remainder of the essential oil and gingerol extractions by hydroalcoholic extraction, and the polysaccharide fraction is derived by water extraction of the remainder of the phenolic extraction.

Abstract: A patient with a disease associated with a receptor having a cysteine residue is treated with a thiol reactive agent. The diseases include neurodegenerative diseases. Diseases characterized by skeletal muscle atrophy are also treated.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of reducing circulating glucose levels with compositions obtained from botanical sources. More specifically, the invention relates to methods of treating individuals whom wish to reduce their circulating glucose levels, particularly individuals having elevated circulating glucose levels, with an extract product of Aframomum melegueta.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for improving renal dysfunction comprising as an active ingredient a compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein each R1, R2, and R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and X represents a linear or branched alkylene or alkenylene group having 10 to 28 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods of treating an ocular condition by administering to an eye of a patient having an ocular condition an effective amount of a catechin or polyphenol. The compositions and methods can be used to treat ocular conditions such as ocular infection, ocular inflammation, ocular cancer or benign eye tumors.

Abstract: The combination of a polymyxin composition and a hop composition produces unexpected and synergistic activity against gram positive bacteria.

Abstract: The inventor has surprisingly found that a combination of water-soluble organic compounds provides a synergistic effect that efficiently blocks ATP production by the aerobic pathway. More particularly, such a synergistic composition lowers the level of energy or production of ATP to a point where cells and specifically cancer cells, stop dividing. In this connection, the present invention provides a synergistic composition which is particularly useful as potent cytostatic and/or antibiotic agents and their use in methods for treating cancers and/or bacterial infections.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic method to treat non-malignant diseases characterized by the excessive tissue growth, e.g., hyperplastic diseases, comprising administering to a mammal (e.g.

Abstract: The invention provides novel tetradentate enediyne ligands that are themselves thermally stable, yet react at about room temperature or slightly higher upon addition of metal ions or under photothermal conditions. In another aspect of the invention, a method of treating a disorder in a mammal comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or composition is provided. In addition, the free ligand can be delivered to the mammal prior to complexation to metals, such that the ligand is exposed to a metal in the body and forms a metal complex in vivo. Furthermore, a metal complex of the invention can be administered to the mammal such that the complex exchanges the first metal center with another endogenous metal in order to form a second metal complex in vivo. The second metal complex is capable of forming a benzenoid diradical under physiological conditions and/or under photothermal conditions.

Abstract: It has been discovered certain 1,3-bis-(substituted-phenyl)-2-propen-1-ones, including compounds of formula (I) inhibit the expression of VCAM-1, and thus can be used to treat a patient with a disorder mediated by VCAM-1. Examples of inflammatory disorders that are mediated by VCAM-1 include, but are not limited to arthritis, asthma, dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, post transplantation late and chronic solid organ rejection, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, autoimmune diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, rhinitis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, post-angioplasty restenosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), glomerulonephritis, Graves disease, gastrointestinal allergies, conjunctivitis, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, angina and small artery disease.

Abstract: Compounds useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I): which are produced by the plant Garcinia punctata, chemical derivatives derived therefrom, a process for their preparation, and their use as pharmaceuticals, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of bacterial infectious diseases.

Abstract: Compounds useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to compounds of the following formula: (1) wherein: RALK is primary or secondary aliphatic saturated C2-6alkyl; each of RB2, RB3, RB4, and RB5 is independently —H, —OH, or —OMe; each of R1 and R2 is independently: —H, optionally substituted C1-4alkyl, or optionally substituted C5-20aryl; RA3 is —H, —OH, —OC(═O)RE, —OS(═O)2OH, or —OP(═O)(OH)2; RE is: —H, optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted C3-20heterocyclyl, or optionally substituted C5-20aryl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, amide, ester, ether, chemically protected form, or prodrug thereof. The present invention also pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and the use of such compounds and compositions, both in vitro and in vivo, for both diagnosis and treatment of, for example, proliferative conditions, such as cancer, and inflammatory conditions.

Abstract: The present invention concerns novel mediators of the activity of picornavirus 3C protease and the modulation of the activity of other similar proteins. The modulators may be used in pharmaceutical compositions either for inhibition of 3C protease (for example in viral infections) or for the enhancement of the activity of proteins similar to the 3C protease such as Apopain (for induction of apoptosis).

Abstract: The use of a pharmaceutical formulation in treating coronary arteriosclerosis and a two-component pharmaceutical formulation. The pharmaceutical formulation contains peroxidic species or reaction products resulting from oxidation of an alkene, such as geraniol, by an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent, such as ozone; a penetrating solvent, such as dimithyl sulfoxide; a dye containing a chelated metal, such as hematoporphyrin; and an aromatic redox compound, such as benzoquinone.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions including: a combination of a compound of the formula (I) wherein R1 is C1-C6 alkyl and R2 is independently —H or —OH, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a phorbol compound. The present invention also provides for these and other compositions and their use for the treatment of established cancers or tumors.

Abstract: A tetrahydroindolone derivative or analogue comprises a 9-atom bicyclic moiety, moiety A, linked through a linker L to a moiety B, where B is a carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid ester, or a moiety of the structure N(Y1)-D, where Y1 can be one of a variety of substituents, including hydrogen or alkyl, and D is a moiety that enhances the pharmacological effects, promotes absorption or blood-brain barrier penetration of the derivative or analogue. The moiety A has a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring. The moiety A can have one, two, or three nitrogen atoms in the five membered ring. The moiety A can be a tetrahydroindolone moiety. The moiety B can be one of a variety of moieties, including moieties having nootropic activity or other biological or physiological activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preventing and/or treating asthma in a subject, said method comprising step of administering effective pharmacological amount of parabromophenacyl bromide (PBPB) to the subject and also, a method of modulating levels of biomolecules to achieve the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising compounds that induce weight and fat loss and compounds that mask the bitter and harsh taste of the composition. The invention further relates to a food, beverage, dietary supplement, medical food, or pet food comprising compounds that induce weight loss and compounds that mask the bitter and harsh taste of the product. The invention is further related to methods of reducing or controlling weight by administering such compositions. Further provided are cosmetic sheets for topical administration of compositions for inducing weight and fat loss.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of cyclohexene derivatives of general formula I or II: in which the substituents R1 and R2 independently of one another are defined as follows: R1 is R2 is OH or a protective group convertible to a hydroxyl group by hydrolysis; R3 and R4 are hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl; and R5 is hydrogen or C1-C4-acyl, by the reduction of alkyne compounds of general formula III or IV: in which the substituents R1 and X are as defined above, wherein the reducing agent used is a mixture of zinc and at least one compound B selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts, copper salts and alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating androgen related disorders. The pharmaceutical compositions may include a 5&agr;-reductase inhibitor, such as natural and synthetic flavanoids, catechols, curcumin-related substances, quinones, catechins, particularly epigallocatechin derivatives, fatty acids, and the salts, esters, analogues, pro-drugs, isomers, racemic mixtures, or derivatives of any of the foregoing. The use of testosterone (or DHT) combinations with the aforementioned 5&agr;-reductase inhibitor compounds is also contemplated.

Abstract: A class of compounds is described which can be used for the treatment of viral infections. Compounds of particular interest are defined by Formula II: wherein each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently selected from hydrido, halo, and nitro; wherein R8 is selected from haloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted arylalkoxy and optionally substituted aryloxyalkyl; wherein Y is selected from fluoroalkyl, and and wherein R9 is alkylamino; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt or tautomer thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of inhibiting metastasis of a tumor and methods of treating a tumor using a combination of an inhibitor of the activation of nuclear factor NF-&kgr;B and a cancer chemotherapeutic agent. In one embodiment of the present invention, combination of curcumin and paclitaxel (taxol) can be used to treat and inhibit metastasis of breast tumor.

Abstract: Prenylating enzymes are involved in modifying oncoproteins, such as RAS, so that growth of neoplastic cells becomes uncontrolled. Inactivation of such enzymes can prevent uncontrolled growth. &agr;-Dicarbonyl compounds can be used to covalently modify and thereby inactivate prenylating enzymes such as protein farnesyltransferase and protein geranylgeranyltransferase. The compounds can be designed to enhance affinity and/or specificity for a particular protein substrate.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a combination of multiple nutrients useful to reduce colon rectal cancer in a mannalian or human subject. Further, the combination provides synergistic ratios of the useful nutrients.

Abstract: Ophthalmic compositions containing Lipoxin A4 and its analogs and methods of their use for treating dry eve are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed in part towards methods of modulating the function of protein kinases with phenol- and hydroxynaphthalene-based compounds. The methods incorporate cells that express a protein kinase. In addition, the invention describes methods of preventing and treating protein kinase-related abnormal conditions in organisms with a compound identified by the invention. Furthermore, the invention pertains to phenol- and hydroxynaphthalene-based compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds.

Abstract: 20-HETE agonists and antagonists are disclosed along with therapeutic applications. In a preferable form of the invention, the 20-HETE agonists are selected from the group consisting of 21-hydroxyheneicosa-5(Z), 8(Z), 11(Z), 14(Z)-tetraenoic acid, 20-hydroxyeicosa-5(Z), 14(Z)-dienoic acid and 20-, 21-dimethyl 20-HETE. Preferable 20-HETE antagonists include 5(S)-HETE, 15(S)-HETE, 19(S)-HETE, 19-hydroxynonadeca-5(Z), 8(Z), 11(Z), 14(Z)-tetraenoic acid and 20-hydroxyeicosa 6(Z), 15(Z)-dienoic acid.

Abstract: This invention provides a purified extracellular bacterial autoinducer-2 signaling molecule, the production of which is regulated by changes in environmental conditions associated with a shift from a free-living existence to a colonizing or pathogenic existence in a host organism. The signaling molecule stimulates LuxQ luminescence genes, and is believed also to stimulate a variety of pathogenesis related genes in the bacterial species that produce it. This invention also provides is a new class of bacterial genes involved in the biosynthesis of the signaling molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oral compacted composition comprising entacapone, nitecapone, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and croscarmellose sodium. The composition is premised on the discovery that croscarmellose sodium increases the release rate of entacapone or nitecapone from an oral compacted composition. Preferably the amount of croscarmellose sodium in the composition is at least 6% by weight, preferably from about 8% to about 16% by weight, especially from about 10% to about 14% by weight.

Abstract: 20-HETE agonists and antagonists are disclosed along with therapeutic applications. In a preferable form of the invention, the 20-HETE agonists are selected from the group consisting of 21-hydroxyheneicosa-5(Z),8(Z),11(Z),14(Z)-tetraenoic acid, 20-hydroxyeicosa-5(Z),4(Z)-dienoic acid and 20-,21-dimethyl 20-HETE. Preferable 20-HETE antagonists include 5(S)-HETE, 15(S)-HETE, 19(S)-HETE, 19-hydroxynonadeca-5(Z),8(Z),11(Z),14(Z)-tetraenoic acid and 20-hydroxyeicosa 6(Z),15(Z)-dienoic acid.

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit 5-alpha-reductase are provided. The compounds are used to treat prostate cancer, breast cancer, obesity, skin disorders and baldness.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating androgen related disorders. The pharmaceutical compositions may include a 5&agr;-reductase inhibitor, such as natural and synthetic flavanoids, catechols, curcumin-related substances, quinones, catechins, particularly epigallocatechin derivatives, fatty acids, and the salts, esters, analogues, pro-drugs, isomers, racemic mixtures, or derivatives of any of the foregoing. The use of testosterone (or DHT) combinations with the aforementioned 5&agr;-reductase inhibitor compounds is also contemplated.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions useful for attracting predatory insects.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of 1,3-bis-aromatic-prop-2-en-1-ones (chalcones), 1,3-bis-aromatic-propan-1-ones (dihydrochalcones), and 1,3-bis-aromatic-prop-2-yn-1-ones for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of a number of serious diseases including i) conditions relating to harmful effects of inflammatory cytokines, ii) conditions involving infection by Helicobacter species, iii) conditions involving infection by viruses, iv) neoplastic disorders, and v) conditions caused by microorganisms or parasites. The invention also relates to novel chalcones and dihydrochalcones (especially alkoxy substituted variants) having advantageous substitution patterns with respect to their effect as drug substances, and to methods of preparing them, as well as to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel chalcones.

Abstract: A method of reducing or preventing body malodour by topically applying to human skin perfume components capable of inhibiting the producation of odoriferous steroids by microorganisms on the skin. The perfume components are capable of inhibiting bacterial 4-ene reductase and/or 5&agr;-reductase.

Abstract: New compounds of formula I are described: 1

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein Ph is a phenyl radical R1 is H, OH, OC1-4alkyl, NO2; R2 is OH, OC1-4alkyl, OC═OC1-4alkyl or OC═OPh where the Ph can be optionally substituted by halogen, C1-3 alkyl or NO2; R1 and R2 along with the two carbon atoms of the phenyl ring to which they are attached can combine to form a 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; R3 is an optionally substituted hydroycarby radical; R4 is H, CH3, OH or ═O; when R4 is ═O, then the carbon to which R4 is attached is not bonded to H; W is C(═O)—CH2, CH═CH—, CH2CO, CH(OH)—CH2, C(CH3)(OH)CH2, CH2CH(OH), CH2C(CH3)OH, CO, CHOH, C(CH3)(OH), CH2, CH2CH2; X is —CH—OH, C(CH3)OH, CH2, CH(CH3) or —C═O; Y is —CH—OH, C(CH3)OH, CH2, CH(CH3) or —C═O; provided that one of W, X or Y has an OH group.