Abstract: Disclosed is an aerosol insect repellent composition. The composition has (a) an amount of an insect repellent effective to repel insects when applied to the skin and (b) a cosmetically-acceptable vehicle in which to disperse and deliver the insect repellent active. The vehicle has (i) a VOC component capable of volatilizing upon exposure to a reduction in pressure for delivering the composition in an aerosol form, and (ii) a non-VOC component. The aerosol composition has a VOC content of not greater than about 55 wt. % based upon the weight of the aerosol composition. Further disclosed is a method of repelling insects from skin wherein the aerosol composition is applied to or sprayed on the skin.

Abstract: A nutritional supplement composition for normalizing impaired or deteriorating neurological function in humans is composed of: at least one agent which promotes synthesis of ATP and/or creatine phosphate in the body, at least one antioxidant for scavenging free radicals in at least one pathway in the body; at least one agent for normalizing or maintaining membrane function and structure in the body; at least one agent for normalizing or maintaining normal neurotransmitter function in the body; at least one agent for down-regulating cortisol action; and at least one agent for suppressing activation of apoptotic pathways in the body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved pharmaceutical composition useful for the topical treatment of burns, cuts, wounds, abrasions and the like, and to methods of treatment of injured body surfaces such as skin.

Abstract: The field of colonic diagnostic and surgical procedures is hampered by the lack of optimal means available to cleanse the colon. A compromise between convenient, distasteful, solid or low volume, hyperosmotic solutions which cause considerable fluid and electrolyte imbalances in patients and large volume, difficult to consume, iso-osmotic solutions has had to be made heretofore. This invention describes a low volume, hyper-osmotic solution consisting of sulfate salts with and with out polyethylene glycol. Unlike prior art, this composition is useful for the cleansing of the bowel and, in lower volumes, as a laxative, without producing clinically significant changes in bodily function.

Abstract: The application discloses methods of treating mammalian diseases characterized by abnormal cell mitosis by administering estradiol derivatives including those comprising colchicine or combretastatin A-4 structural motifs of the general formulae found below in a dosage sufficient to inhibit cell mitosis. The application discloses novel compounds used in the methods.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition of matter comprising molecular iodine and tetraglycol.

Abstract: A teat dip composition comprising from about 0.1% to about 2% iodine by weight of the composition on a formulation basis and from about 50% to about 99.9% propylene glycol by weight of the composition on a formulation basis, and a method of using such composition to treat mastitis.

Abstract: A method of enhancing milk component production in a ruminant, the method including providing a feed that includes a sugar alcohol and supplying the sugar alcohol to the abomasum of the ruminant.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a highly linear alcohol composition is provided comprising the steps of: (a) reacting carbon monoxide with hydrogen under Fischer-Tropsch reaction conditions in the presence of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising cobalt; (b) separating from the product of step (a) at least one hydrocarbon fraction comprising between 10 and 50% by weight of olefins containing 6 or more carbon atoms; (c) contacting one or more of the hydrocarbon fractions obtained in step (b) with carbon monoxide and hydrogen under hydroformylation conditions in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst based on a source of cobalt and one or more alkyl phosphines; and (d) recovering the alcohol composition.

Abstract: Methods and topical pharmaceutical formulations are provided for the treatment of nail fungus (onychomycosis). The invention involves a pharmacologically active antifungal agent, plus a pharmaceutically acceptable base in a formulation having a pH of 7.5 to about 13.0, preferably about 8.0 to 11.5, and most preferably about 8.5 to 10.5. These basic formulations permeate the nail and are effective in treating fungal infections of the nail and surrounding tissues.

Abstract: This invention relates to a compound or group of compounds present in an active principle derived from plants of species Euphorbia peplus, Euphorbia hirta and Euphorbia drummondii, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. Extracts from these plants have been found to show selective cytotoxicity against several different cancer cell lines. The compounds are useful in effective treatment of cancers, particularly malignant melanomas and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compound is selected from the group consisting of jatrophanes, pepluanes, paralianes and ingenanes, and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts or esters thereof, and more particularly jatrophanes of Conformation II.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and derivatives thereof, their synthesis, and their use as estrogen receptor modulators. The compounds of the instant invention are ligands for estrogen receptors and as such may be useful for treatment or prevention of a variety of conditions related to estrogen functioning including: bone loss, bone fractures, osteoporosis, cartilage degeneration, endometriosis, uterine fibroid disease, hot flashes, increased levels of LDL cholesterol, cardiovascular disease, impairment of cognitive functioning, cerebral degenerative disorders, restenosis, gynecomastia, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, obesity, incontinence, and cancer, in particular of the breast, uterus and prostate.

Abstract: Stable pharmaceutical compositions comprising recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) virions are described. The compositions provide protection against loss of recombinant AAV vector genomes and transduceability under conditions such as exposure to cycles of freezing and thawing and storage in glass or polypropylene vials. The compositions comprise recombinant AAV virions in combination with one or more dihydric or polyhydric alcohols, and, optionally, a detergent, such as a sorbitan ester. Also described are methods of using the compositions.

Abstract: A topical composition for skin care or administration of a pharmacologically active agent in form of a lotion, cream or similar comprises from 5% to 70% by weight of pentane-1,5-diol and a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, with the proviso that the composition does not comprise polysiloxane, volatile siloxane, phosphatidyl-choline, creatine, carnitine, panthenol, pyruvic acid, monoglyceride of lauric acid, monoglyceride of myristic acid. Also disclosed are corresponding methods of administration, a patch for holding said composition against the skin, and methods of preventing or treating a dry skin condition and of keeping skin in a humid state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid preparation containing crude drug extracts in an amount of 5 to 50 w/v % in terms of a dry extract weight based on the whole amount of the liquid preparation, characterized by containing saccharides in an amount of 5 to 40 w/v % based on the whole amount of the liquid preparation and adjusting a pH to 4.5 to 5.5.

Abstract: A method of reducing or preventing the occurrence of respiratory infections, and other ailments associated with close quartering of non-human mammals such as cattle, the ailments generally referred to as “shipping fever.” The methods may comprise administering xylitol, possibly in the form a water or saline based solution, to the non-human mammals in a mist form. The mist may be applied directly to the nostrils of the animal, or may be applied in the general vicinity of the animal, such that the solution is inhaled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel dihydroxyl compounds, compositions comprising hydroxyl compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing a variety of diseases and conditions such as, but not limited to aging, Alzheimer's Disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, a disorder of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension, impotence, inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid elimination in bile, obesity, oxysterol elimination in bile, pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder, phospholipid elimination in bile, renal disease, septicemia, metabolic syndrome disorders (e.g., Syndrome X), thrombotic disorder. Compounds and methods of the invention can also be used to modulate C reactive protein or enhance bile production in a patient.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and methods are described comprising at least one Y2 receptor-binding peptide, such as peptide YY(PYY), Neuropeptide Y (NPY) or Pancreatic Peptide (PP) and one or more mucosal delivery-enhancing agents for enhanced nasal mucosal delivery of the peptide YY, for treating a variety of diseases and conditions in mammalian subjects, including obesity.

Abstract: A method of screening pheromone compounds for mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase modulating activity and for employing such pheromone compounds in compositions suitable for the prevention or treatment of diseases, conditions, and symptoms thereof benefitting from modulation of MAP kinase activity.

Abstract: With the purpose of developing a widely applicable technique capable of preparing oral granular formulations having good handling properties and rapidly disintegrating or dissolving in the mouth during administration or when they are dissolved or suspended before use, the present invention provides oral granular formulations containing no or little binders and having fast-disintegrating or -dissolving properties.

Abstract: A method for killing infectious microbial cells by exposing the microbial cells to endogenous antimicrobial compounds. Activation of the antimicrobials is achieved by addition of low permeability, non-ionic osmolytes to lower ionic strength in body fluids where the antimicrobials have been previously suppressed by alteration of ionic transport (increase in salt concentration). The method can be used to treat cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis causes elevated salt concentrations in the airway surface liquid (ASL) occur due to the impaired chloride transport across the epithelia. Xylitol has been found to be an effective low permeability, non-ionic osmolyte for use in the present invention.

Abstract: The use of a pharmaceutical formulation in treating coronary arteriosclerosis and a two-component pharmaceutical formulation. The pharmaceutical formulation contains peroxidic species or reaction products resulting from oxidation of an alkene, such as geraniol, by an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent, such as ozone; a penetrating solvent, such as dimithyl sulfoxide; a dye containing a chelated metal, such as hematoporphyrin; and an aromatic redox compound, such as benzoquinone.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for prevention or treatment of disease are provided which comprise analogs of Resveratrol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a compound or group of compounds present in an active principle derived from plants of species Euphorbia peplus, Euphorbia hirta and Euphorbia drummondii, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. Extracts from these plants have been found to show selective cytotoxicity against several different cancer cell lines. The compounds are useful in effective treatment of cancers, particularly malignant melanomas and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compound is selected from the group consisting of jatrophanes, pepluanes, paralianes and ingenanes, and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts or esters thereof, and more particularly jatrophanes of Conformation II.

Abstract: Food supplement compositions and their methods of use in increasing lean mass and/or muscle size and/or strength in individuals, particularly, athletes is described. The food supplements described comprise a substance which increases nitric oxide production in the body, and, a source of amino acids. Other food supplements described comprise a substance which can enhance and/or mimic insulin activity, and a source of amino acids. The food supplement compositions described are suitable for supplementing the diet of an athlete and particularly for enhancing an athlete's muscle size or strength.

Abstract: The two carbohydrate mixture of this invention utilizes a source of fructose in combination with at least one readily digestible glucose polymer source. The addition of the fructose significantly decreases the glycemic response when compared to the digestible glucose polymer alone. Additional components may be added to the simple two component carbohydrate mixture to form a carbohydrate system suitable for incorporation into an enteral nutritional. This carbohydrate system optionally incorporates nonabsorbent carbohydrates, dietary fiber and indigestible oligosaccharides. The present invention is also directed to an enteral nutritional which incorporates the two component carbohydrate mixture and less than 37% of calories from fat. Additionally, the invention is directed to a method of delivering nutrients to a person with diabetes by feeding the enteral nutritional.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel materials separated from Ecklonia cava, a method for extracting and purifying the same, and the use thereof for antioxidants. The method comprises extracting antioxidative ingredients from powdered Ecklonia cava one or more times with an organic solvent; fractionating the antioxidative ingredients one or more times in solvents; and purifying the solvent fractions by chromatography. Superior in scavenging activity and thermal stability, the extract from Ecklonia cava can be used as antioxidants and is suitable in commercialization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for reducing vaginal acidity, treating abnormal enhancement of vaginal acidity, and high acidity vaginitis associated with abnormal enhancement of vaginal acidity, especially for the treatment of fungal vaginitis, comprising of one or more ingredients defined as follows: amino acids, physiologically acceptable salts of amino acids, oligopeptides and polypeptides. Also, the present invention relates to the use of the said amino acids, physiologically acceptable salts of amino acids, oligopeptides and polypeptides, as active ingredients or auxiliaries in preparing drugs for reducing vaginal acidity, the treatment of abnormal enhancement of vaginal acidity, and high acidity vaginitis especially to their use in preparing drugs for the treatment of fungal vaginitis and the use thereof as nutrients for vaginal mucous membranes in preparing drugs that are locally applied in the vagina.

Abstract: A process for producing sugar alcohols having six carbon atoms, which comprises hydrogenating ketohexose, such as psicose, tagatose, sorbose and the like, in the presence of a catalyst containing a metal selected from the elements belonging to the eighth family in the periodic table, such as nickel, ruthenium, platinum, palladium and the like, is provided. According to this process, sugar alcohols having six carbon atoms can be produced efficiently at a large amount, the separation and recovering of the catalyst after completing the reaction are facilitated, and sugar alcohols having a desired production ratio can be produced efficiently.

Abstract: The invention described herein encompasses methods and compositions of preventing or treating cancer comprising the administration of a combination of catechins and vanilloids. Compositions of catechins include but not limited to, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC). In a preferred embodiment the catechins have been treated with tannase. Compositions of vanilloids include, but are not limited to vanillylamine, the head group of capsaicin. The unique compositions of the invention contain various combinations of the catechins and vanilloids, in combination with each other or other therapeutic agents and are used to treat primary and metastatic cancers in humans. The invention also encompasses various modes of administration of the therapeutic compounds, including formulations which may be used as a dietary or nutritional supplement or as a therapeutic compound.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a fiber-enriched composition for enteral nutrition, characterized in that it comprises 0.5 to 20%, preferably 1 to 10%, and still more preferably 1 to 5% by dry weight of branched maltodextrins having between 15 and 35% of 1→6 glucoside linkages, a reducing sugar content of less than 20%, a polymolecularity index of less than 5 and a number-average molecular mass Mn at most equal to 4500 g/mol.

Abstract: Pesticides based on vicinal diols, are available to control arthropod ectoparasites such as Pediculus Humanus, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Musca domestica, the Blattidae, Blatella Germanica, and Periplaneta Americana, by introducing to the locus of an infestation of the pest, a composition containing as active ingredient a vicinal diol.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to anti-viral composition containing at least one zinc compound and at least one phenolic antioxidant (and optionally other ingredients such as at least one analgesic) at least one hydrocarbyl containing compound, and water. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of treating lesionous symptoms of a viral infection involving applying an effective amount of the zinc containing anti-viral composition to the lesions.

Abstract: A method of forming a water soluble biocidal film on a solid household, food preparation, or medical surface, which protects the solid surface against reinfection by microorganisms, includes providing a liquid biocidal composition comprised of, based on total weight of the liquid biocidal composition from 0.1 to 5.0 wt. % of a phenolic biocide; from an amount effective to impart film-forming properties to the liquid biocidal composition up to 8 wt. % of a polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymer or copolymer; and an aqueous alcoholic solvent in which the phenolic biocide and the polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer or copolymer are dissolved; treating the solid surface with the liquid biocidal composition; and evaporating the aqueous alcoholic solvent to provide a clear film, wherein a ratio of the phenolic biocide to the polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer or copolymer is selected to range from 1:0.8 to 1:3 so that a complex there between is provided which dries clear.

Abstract: A method for killing infectious microbial cells by exposing the microbial cells to endogenous antimicrobial compounds. Activation of the antimicrobials is achieved by addition of low permeability, non-ionic osmolytes to lower ionic strength in body fluids where the antimicrobials have been previously suppressed by alteration of ionic transport (increase in salt concentration). The method can be used to treat cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis causes elevated salt concentrations in the airway surface liquid (ASL) occur due to the impaired chloride transport across the epithelia. Xylitol has been found to be an effective low permeability, non-ionic osmolyte for use in the present invention.

Abstract: A thickener composition containing a reaction product of a hydroxycarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid and mixtures thereof, and a fatty alcohol polyglycol ether corresponding to formula I: R1O(CH2CH2O)nH  (I) wherein R1 is an alkyl and/or alkenyl group containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, and n is a number from 20 to 150.

Abstract: A treatment solution used to prevent posterior capsular opacification is applied or introduced into the lens capsular bag before, during, or after cataract surgery. The treatment solution comprises an ion transport mechanism interference agent, which either alone or in combination with other treatment agents such as an osmotic stress agent and an agent to establish a suitable pH, selectively induces detachment and/or death of lens epithelial cells such that posterior capsular opacification is prevented. While the ion transport mechanism interference agent is capable of interfering with the cellular mechanisms and cell ion distribution of a broad range of cells, a concentration of agent is selected such that the treatment solution interferes selectively with the cellular mechanisms of lens epithelial cells while leaving other ocular cells substantially unharmed.

Abstract: Gel for local treatment of skin diseases and for prophylaxis, characterised by containing more than 90% of a drying and/or protein coagulating, short-chained alcohol or alcohol mixture, primarily ethanol, and possibly adjuvants or additives and by containing a gelling agent, that possesses good skin-adhesive properties, that gives a matrix formation of alcohol or alcohol mixtures, that creates an evaporation inhibiting effect, gives a prolonged effect, and form a protective plaster when the gel has dried.

Abstract: Nanobacteria contribute to pathological calcification in the human and animal body, including diseases such as kidney stones, salivary gland stones, dental pulp stones and atherosclerosis. The present invention provides methods for sterilizing articles contaminated with nanobacteria. The present invention also provides methods of treating patients infected with nanobacteria. In particular, the present invention provides a method for preventing the recurrence of kidney stones in a patient that has suffered from kidney stones, comprising administration of an antibiotic, a bisphosphonate, or a calcium chelator, either alone or in combination, in an amount effective to inhibit or prevent the growth and development of nanobacteria.

Abstract: External preparations for the skin which contain, as active ingredients, substances capable of preventing a reduction in the expression of the filaggrin gene in cultured human keratinocytes as induced by exposure to a gaseous phase (for example, betaines, polyols, crude drugs, and substances having an antioxidant action).

Abstract: An injectable pharmaceutical formulation containing a physiologically active protein as an active ingredient and at least one sugar as a soothing agent but containing no other proteins as additives and having a pH of 6.5-7.4.

Abstract: A novel composition has been discovered for decontaminating biofilm-contaminated surfaces (the “Biocidal Complex”). The novel composition both kills bacteria and destroys at least a part of the biofilm. The composition comprises an effective amount of a free-radical generating compound (e.g., hydrogen peroxide), a disinfectant from the “GRAS” list of food-safe compounds (e.g., thymol), and an acid sulfate such as sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4) to acidify the solution and help catalyze free radical formation. A preferred method of using this invention employs a multi-component approach that permits long-term storage of the components in a stable, concentrated form. Immediately before use, the components are mixed and then applied to the biofilm-contaminated surface. A separate metal catalyst for the generation of free-radicals may be added to increase the production of free radicals in the Biocidal Complex.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel bi-aromatic compounds having the formula: which are analogs of vitamin D, the process of preparing them, as well as their use in pharmaceutical compositions in human or veterinary medicine, particularly in dermatology, cancer treatment, treatment of auto-immune diseases, and in organ or tissue transplants. Cosmetic compositions and methods of use are also included.

Abstract: Methods for treating maladies such as cutaneous vascular lesions. A patient in need of vascular lesion treatment is identified. A hyperosmotic agent is administered to a region adjacent the lesion. Blood flow velocity is slowed within the region using the hyperosmotic agent, and the lesion is exposed to laser radiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new formulation containing crobenetine or one of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for parenteral use.

Abstract: This invention relates to a medicinal composition, which rapidly disintegrates when taken in the oral cavity and shows sufficient hardness upon production, distribution and use in usual manner, can be obtained by adding, to a sugar alcohol and/or saccharide, a sugar alcohol and/or saccharide having a lower melting point than the first-mentioned sugar alcohol and/or saccharide and then subjecting the resulting powder to combined processing of compression and heating. This invention can provide medicinal compositions, which rapidly disintegrate when taken in the oral cavity without water and are excellent in handling ease owing to exhibition of sufficient hardness upon their production, transportation and use in usual manner, and can also provide a process for the production of the medicinal compositions, which is simpler and can avoid contact between an active ingredient and water as needed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reactions of hydrogen over a Re-containing catalyst with compositions containing a 5-carbon sugar, sugar alcohol, or lactic acid are described. It has been surprisingly discovered that reaction with hydrogen over a Re-containing multimetallic catalyst resulted in superior conversion and selectivity to desired products such as propylene glycol. A process for the synthesis of PG from lactate or lactic acid is also described.

Abstract: A composition, method, and kit for the cessation of nicotine cravings. A nicotine-containing solution is provided that is applied to the oral cavity.

Abstract: A method of treating dental carries and remineralizing lesions includes the steps of directing a stream of oxidizing gas onto a carious lesions for a period of time sufficient to kill microorganisms within the carious lesion; and thereafter applying to the lesion a remineralization formulation.

Abstract: Liquid antacid preparations comprising: a) an active acid neutralizing compound selected from the group consisting of calcium-containing compounds, aluminum-containing compounds, magnesium-containing compounds, and mixtures thereof; and b) an antimicrobial adjuvant selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol in an amount greater than 2 weight percent and less than 15 weight percent, glycerin in an amount from about 15 to about 20 weight percent, and combinations of propylene glycol in an amount from about 3 to about 10 weight percent with glycerin in an amount from about 3 to about 10 weight percent based on the total weight of the preparation are provided.