Abstract: Catalysts comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, palladium or platinum and alkali metals are provided which are useful in the subject process for the upgrading of synthesis gas, particularly for obtaining alkanes and alcohols having at least two carbon atoms, in addition to methane and methanol. Also provided is a temperature gradient reactor useful in synthesis gas upgrading reactions for increasing selectivity to higher carbon number products.

Abstract: Methanol is produced by passing CO and H.sub.2 over a supported Pd catalyst containing an alkali metal alkaline earth metal, or lanthanide promoter and supported on a carbon support with defined surface area characteristics.

Abstract: In a process for the production of unsaturated hydrocarbons comprising catalytic conversion of a feed gas comprising carbon oxides and hydrogen, the improvement which comprises carrying out said conversion at a temperature of 250.degree. to 350.degree. C. and under a pressure of 10 to 30 bars, said catalyst comprising at least one difficultly reducible oxide of the transition metals of Groups V and/or VII of the Periodic Table combined with at least one metal of Group 8 of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: A process for selectively preparing a mixture of two-carbon atom oxygenated hydrocarbons, namely, acetic acid, ethanol and acetaldehyde, by continuously contacting a gaseous reaction mixture containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a solid catalyst comprising rhodium in combination with sodium at reaction conditions correlated so as to favor the formation of a substantial proportion of such two-carbon atom products.

Abstract: The conventional process for the preparation of unsaturated hydrocarbons comprises catalytic hydrogenation of carbon oxides at 220.degree. to 500.degree. C. and pressures of up to 30 bars. It has been found that, by carrying out the foregoing reaction in the presence of at least one low molecular weight aliphatic alcohol, the yield of olefins and the catalyst life are substantially and surprisingly improved.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a hydrocarbon mixture from a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, using a catalyst combination containing one or more metal components with catalytic activity for the conversion of an H.sub.2 /CO mixture into acyclic hydrocarbons, e.g., Ru, Co, Fe, Ni and Cr, and as carrier a laminar compound capable of absorbing metal ions or metal salts by intercalation. Preferably the laminar compound is a laminar crystalline silicate, e.g., magadiite.

Abstract: A method for producing methanol which comprises reacting a gas containing a carbon oxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium supported on at least one oxide of metal selected from the group consisting of the metals of the Group IIa and Group IIIa of the short form of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of crystalline iron silicates with certain critical ratios of components in the starting mixture results in silicates having improved catalytic properties in conversion processes.

Abstract: A methanation catalyst comprising cobalt, nickel and magnesium, disposed on a carrier; a process for its preparation and use of the catalyst for methanation.

Abstract: A gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is passed in contact over a first catalyst bed comprising an iron or cobalt containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in combination with a crystalline aluminosilicate of the class of crystalline zeolite represented by ZSM-5 so as to obtain a liquid hydrocarbon product having a boiling range of less than 400.degree. F. at a 90% overhead and being a predominantly olefinic product. The total products from said contact including said liquid hydrocarbon product are then converted over a second catalyst bed containing HZSM-5 to obtain a highly aromatic product, i.e., greater than 20 weight percent.

Abstract: An improved catalytic process for the production of methanol from hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a temperature of from about 200.degree. C. to about 400.degree. C. and a pressure of from about 150 to about 20,000 psia which comprises effecting the reaction in the presence of a heterogeneous solid catalyst comprising palladium and calcium.

Abstract: An improved catalytic process for the production of methanol from hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a temperature of from about 200.degree. C. to about 400.degree. C. and a pressure of from about 150 to about 20,000 psia which comprises effecting the reaction in the presence of a heterogeneous solid catalyst comprising palladium in combination with a metal additive selected from the group consisting of lithium, magnesium, strontium, barium, molybdenum and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for the production of synthetic crude oil, alcohols, semi-coke (chars), and cokes which are obtained during the production of low temperature coal tars and are derived by careful temperature control during the carbonization of various carbon containing material such as bituminous coals, peat, lignite, trash, and other solid wastes.