Abstract: An adjustable jig for assembling curved section panels of a dome structure includes a support surface, multiple arm guide members disposed on the support surface and multiple drives independently moving each of the guide members to position the arm guide members along an arc of a desired curvature. Each arm guide member further includes an adjustable bracket positioning horizontal and vertical components of the curved section panels and a gripping device securing these horizontal and vertical components.

Abstract: There is provided an arch assembly comprising a pair of opposing vertical jamb members each including internal and external surfaces and a top surface at distal ends thereof. The external surfaces thereof preferably abut opposing parallel sides of a door frame. An arch jamb is interposed between the vertical jamb members. The arch jamb defines a curvature, opposing connective ends, and an upper surface. The connective ends each include a leg interface defining first and second vertical faces, and a horizontal face interposed therebetween. The first vertical face is configured to mate with the interior surface of the respective vertical jamb member. The horizontal face is configured to mate with the top surface of the respective vertical jamb member. The second vertical face is configured to engage the respective opposing parallel side of the door frame. The engagement of the leg interface provides structural stability of the arch jamb.

Abstract: A dome-like structure is disclosed which is non-circular in plan, the structure being formed of a plurality of substantially straight-edged panels. At each of a plurality of horizontal levels in the structure the edges of the panels each extend between a respective pair of points on a notional envelope of the structure. The structure is so designed that, at each said level, the points do not all lie upon a common circle, but that for each set of three adjacent horizontally spaced said points, either: a) all three are at equal radii from a point in the same plane, or b) two adjacent ones of the three points are at a first equal radial distance from a point in said plane and the remaining point is at the same distance as the adjoining point of said set from a point on a radius from the point to said adjoining point.

Abstract: A domed building or mold constructed with flexible, lightweight curved panels snapped together using grooves and ridges formed in the panels to form a building wall, a tension ring holding the panels in place and a top cap overlying and secured to upper edges of the panels.

Abstract: A cover system for septic tanks adapted to be attached to the a septic tank and provide access for repair and maintenance. The assembly includes a base which is embedded into the concrete and provides a seal between the concrete and the base. A pipe member is joined to and sits atop the stationary base member. A wrap made of high density polyethylene surrounds the pipe and covers its corrugations to reduce outside forces upon the pipe. Finally, there is a top cover which is designed to engage the top of the pipe. Additionally, a channel is provided to catch the edge of the pipe and a seal is provided to prevent leakage between the pipe and cover.

Abstract: A method for calculating using a digital computer an approximation of properties of a concrete sandwich panel. The method allows for a manufacturer of concrete sandwich panels to design sandwich panels using a range of available components to meet architectural specifications.

Abstract: The invention is a collapsible structure comprising a plurality of panel elements, each having a coilable frame element and flexible material attached to the frame element. The panel elements are joined to define an enclosure having a roof portion and a bottom perimeter. The bottom perimeter rests on a supporting surface. The structure has at least one roof support rod having a first end and a second end. The first end of the at least one roof support rod is attached to a first location on the bottom perimeter, and the second end of the at least one roof support rod is attached to a second location on the bottom perimeter. The at least one roof support rod is in supporting contact with the roof portion of the enclosure.

Abstract: A hybrid arched overfilled structure includes a combination of pre-cast side elements and at least one cast-in-place crown sector element. The side elements are pre-cast generally in a horizontal orientation and subsequently lifted into place. The crown sector element is cast in place between the side elements. In one form of the invention, each of the three sections makes up about one-third of the overall arch span.

Abstract: Improved reversibly expandable structures are formed from novel loop assemblies comprising a plurality of links, each of said links having at least one center pivot joint and a plurality of end pivot joints, each of at least two of said plurality of end pivot joints proximate to the outer edge of said loop assembly and connected to another link; each of said plurality of links being connected to another one of said plurality of links by at least two end pivot joints thereby forming a link pair, said loop assembly comprising at least three link pairs, each of said at least three link pairs connected to at least two other link pairs through at least one of said end pivot joints; each of said at least three link pairs connected to a central piece that is central to the loop assembly, said central piece being rotatable around a central axis, wherein the rotation of the central piece reversibly expands said loop assembly.

Abstract: A monolithic dome shaped building of a size suitable to receive at least one relatively large vehicle, such as an airplane, is formed with a generally rectangular shaped access opening of sufficient size to enable passage of an airplane or other large vehicle into and out of the building. A three-dimensional unitary door is supported at an upper marginal edge on a guide track for lateral movement of the door between a first position closing the access opening and a second open position enabling passage through the access opening. The door includes a rigid frame structure having spaced upstanding frame members having outer convex surfaces similar to the convex contour of the dome wall adjacent the access opening.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a covering structure for covering swimming pools, including several pairs of parallel arches that serve to support flexible panels, the arches being made from a curved profile having lateral walls delimiting a series of parallel guide grooves arranged one above another and perpendicularly to a plane of the arch and receiving the panels, and a protective and elevating border disposed on a lateral edge of at least one of the panels contacting at least one of the internal faces of the guide groove, the height of said border being sufficient to prevent the latter from contacting the profile.

Abstract: Accessory (20) for modular elements (10) for the support and ventilation of crawl spaces, floor structures, floors or similar articles in the building field, each comprising an upper horizontal wall (11) and a plurality of vertical supporting legs (13) defining a continuous passage below said upper wall (11), said accessory (20) comprising a front wall (21) and a lateral wall (22) having a profile mating with that of the aperture defined by each pair of vertical legs (13) of a modular element (10).

Abstract: A catastrophic event survival structure and method of manufacture such that the catastrophic event survival structure includes a monolithic outer shell formed from a single pour of concrete and enclosing a confined inner space therein. The monolithic outer shell of the catastrophic event survival structure is configured to withstand substantial wind and projectile impact forces and includes a door to permit resealable access to the confined inner space.

Abstract: A building structure formed of at least one saddle element defining a plurality of edges and rigid structural elements extending along the edges of each of the at least one saddle element, the rigid structural elements being characterized in that they lie along diagonals of sides of a rectangular parallelepiped forming part of a modular array of rectangular parallelepiped geometrical structures underlying the at least one saddle element and may include octet-like beams or octet-like trusses Multiple saddle elements, either of a similar type or of varying types, may be combined into a wide variety of possible structures Saddle elements can be a tensioned membrane element or any other suitable material.

Abstract: A building structure (10 or 10?) has a wall (16) including a plurality of wall elements (12 or 12?). Each wall element is connected to a plurality of other wall elements so as to form the wall. Each wall element includes a connecting means for connecting the adjacent wall elements together to form the wall. The wall is formed at least three consecutively connected rings (15 or 15 and 17) of interlocking wall elements. Each of the wall elements in each ring being of the same size. Each of the wall elements in a first ring of the consecutively connecting rings being larger than the wall elements of a second ring of the consecutively connected rings and each of the elements in the second ring being larger than the wall elements of a third ring of the consecutively connected rings.

Abstract: A domed building or mold constructed with flexible, lightweight curved panels snapped together using grooves and ridges formed in the panels to form a building wall, a tension ring holding the panels in place and a top cap overlying and secured to upper edges of the panels

Abstract: A masonry lintel having a concealed spine which spans between piers to either side of an area to be arched and supports masonry bricks through means of horseshoe shaped plates which ride on the spine. The bricks are supported on the spine by stitching rods which extend through apertures in the plates and the bricks. The plates are received in the grouting space between the bricks and, in the finished lintel, are grouted over to be completely hidden from view. Variations in the relative positions of the piers and the width of bricks used to construct the lintel are accommodated by adjustable supports between the spine and the piers which enable the position of the spine relative to the piers to be selectively adjusted. In the embodiments employing multiple generally parallel spines, these supports provide for adjustable spacing of the spines. Center supports for the spines are adjustable both vertically and horizontally to accommodate various structural design parameters.

Abstract: Structures are desirable for storing items in an attractive manner. Persons frequently have a need to store items outdoors, such as lawn care equipment. Structures are aesthetically pleasing by providing a rock-shaped storage enclosure. A pool with a circulation system may be present on the top of the cover of the structure. Additional accessories, such as fountains, birdbaths, weathervanes, bird feeders, birdhouses, and waterwheels may also be attached to the top of the cover as desired. A door hingedly attached to the side of the cover allows access to the interior of the structure.

Abstract: A building includes an inflatable form having an interior surface bounding a chamber. A stabilizing layer of polymeric foam or cementitious material is disposed on the interior surface of the inflatable form. At least one support layer of cementitious material is disposed on the interior surface of the stabilizing layer. Finally, one or more ribs project from the interior surface of the at least one support layer. Each rib includes a core of polymeric foam and a layer of cementitious material disposed over the core.

Abstract: A structural member includes a coil shaped member having a coil radius measured from a center line, and coil length measured along the center line. A plurality of stiffener plates having opposing faces and opposing side edges are connected to points along the length of the coil shaped member, wherein the plurality of stiffener plates stabilize the coil shaped member and increases the bearing capacity of the structural member. Each stiffener plates has a length that is substantially the same as the coil length, and only on side of each stiffener plate is connected to the coil shaped member. The center line of the structural member may be straight or arcuate. Alternate embodiments may include additional coil shaped members.

Abstract: An architectural system adaptable to patient acuity level has a headwall unit with a cavity, a ceiling unit, and a column coupled to the ceiling unit. The column is movable between a first position in which at least a majority of the column is situated in the cavity and a second position in which the column is situated outside the cavity. Various types of patient-care equipment is also disclosed. The patient-care equipment is included in, or is coupleable to, one or more of the ceiling unit, the headwall unit, or the column.

Abstract: A method of constructing curved building structures employ flexible support members formed from metal strip, having flexible elongate spines with substantially perpendicular flanges or tabs fixable to the building members, so that the building structures can be assembled flat and then curved on erection to the desired curved configuration.

Abstract: A versatile modular building element, made from the agglutination of three pairs of symmetrical prisms in three overlapping tiers, provides an arched component that can be congruently meshed with a similar one in several different ways. The prism may have rectangular or obliquely parallelogrammic sides or a combination of both while keeping their triangular end walls equilateral and side walls of the same width allowing for up to eight different configurations of the building element. Elements of the same or different types can be combined to construct and infinite variety of structures exhibiting high compressive strength, stability and resistance to multi-directional stresses.

Abstract: An arcuate component includes, a flexible outer board, a flexible inner board and both a first and a second plurality of arcuate tiles. Tongue and groove tracks formed along opposite longitudinal edges of the outer and inner boards lock with mating arcuate tongue-and-groove edges of the arcuate tiles which respectively span between the outer and inner boards. The arcuate tiles also preferably include at least one tongue-and-groove that spans between the outer and inner boards and that mates and locks with a tongue-and-groove formed on an immediately adjacent tile. A series of slots cut across the outer and inner boards between their longitudinal edges increases their flexibility. The mated arcuate tiles constrain the outer and inner boards into an arcuate shape. Alternatively, tongue-and-groove tracks formed along opposite longitudinal edges of a plurality of boards mate to form a cylindrically shaped arcuate architectural component such as a column.

Abstract: The present invention is a connector for joining frameworks of toroidal elements. The connector includes one or more arms, each of which can span a toroidal framework to be joined, and each of which may be joined to one or more of the other arms, or to a conventional structure, directly or by an intermediating connector. Each arm of the connector includes a base to which one or more lugs is attached to form projections from the side of the base. Each of the lugs has at least one surface that engages a toroidal element in order to transmit to the base a force which is applied directly to a toroidal element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spatial arrangement which comprises a basin (1) as well as a cupola-like structure (2) to be arranged over the basin. Said cupola-like structure (2) is arranged so that its edges (4) essentially follow the basin's (1) edges (3). An apparatus (6) for regulating the local climate is connected to the space provided by said arrangement, by means of which apparatus (6) the climate prevailing within the cupola-like structure can be locally regulated. The present invention also relates to such a structure as well as to a method for regulating the climate within a structure.

Abstract: A joint system for joining polyhedric facet elements together. Polyhedrons have a plurality of facets. The polyhedric facet elements have facet planes that are generally congruent with the facets of the polyhedrons in which they are found. Various facet elements occupy angular relationships such that they can be joined in rigid stable joints by means of key elements where the planes of the key elements extend generally perpendicular to the planes of each of the facet elements. The joint system is suitable for inter-polyhedron joint systems where the joints include four joint elements, three of which are in the respective polyhedrons that are to be joined, and the fourth is a key element perpendicularly disposed between the other three joint elements.

Abstract: A method for designing an elliptical structure with an outline of an approximate elliptic curve, which is generated by connecting circular segments to one another, and an elliptical structure created on said method.

Abstract: A folding linkage is hereby disclosed that is comprised of four links, each link having a bevel gear on its end, where each link is in geared contact with a neighboring link, such that both links are held together by a hub element that is small relative to the two links. An alternate embodiment of the invention has links that have a spur gear on each end, whereby each gear end is engaged with a central rack (linear gear).

Abstract: This invention discloses tongs-linkage, which, in its extended position, provides an essentially triangular-shaped surface, whereby the links of the tongs-linkage are themselves the panels that form the surface. Such assemblies may be planar, or, by use of intermediate hub elements, may form a surface with curvature. As such an assembly is compressed, the panel-links slide over one another, compressing down to a compact stack. Such tongs-linkages may be joined to similar linkages by pivots lying along their respective edges thereby forming extended structural surfaces. Surfaces that are planar, cone-shaped and doubly-curved surfaces of revolution are disclosed. In each case when the structure is retracted it compresses down to a compact linear element or ring.

Abstract: A domed building or mold constructed with flexible, lightweight curved panels snapped together using grooves and ridges formed in the panels to form a building wall, a tension ring holding the panels in place and a top cap overlying and secured to upper edges of the panels

Abstract: A building includes an inflatable form having an interior surface bounding a chamber. A stabilizing layer of polymeric foam or cementitious material is disposed on the interior surface of the inflatable form. At least one support layer of cementitious material is disposed on the interior surface of the stabilizing layer. Finally, one or more ribs project from the interior surface of the at least one support layer. Each rib includes a core of polymeric foam and a layer of cementitious material disposed over the core.

Abstract: An improved joint for connecting the ends of tubes for the purpose of assembling a geodesic dome or truss structure (FIG. 6). The tube ends form top and bottom hooks (A4) which face away from each other. The hooked ends (A4) facilitate the attachment of adjacent tubes to the unifying joint by gripping a common top and bottom washer (3). The inner washers (3) are used as tension rings for restricting the movement of the tubes by which they are hooked. The structure is stiffened when the hooks are pressed down into a flattened position by the outer top and bottom washers (2). The outer top and bottom washers are sandwiched by a single nut and bolt assembly (1,5). As the nut and bolt assembly (1,5) is tightened pressure is applied to the outer washers which press the booked ends (4A) of the tubes backwards into a flattened position. The initial condition of the joint is loose to allow adjustments of the positioning of the tubes within the structure.

Abstract: A segmented, articulated pole member structure is constructed of a plurality of pivotally interconnected, pole segments. The pole segments are arranged in an alternating or offsetting fashion such that in their disassembled state they may be folded into a compact bundle for storage. In the assembled state, adjacent pole segments are retained under tension in fixed angular position relative to each other by a pivoting connection and an engagement loop or similar structure. Applications for the pole member structure include the construction of flexible structures such as tents and shelters, and support frames for mounting, supporting, or suspending articles in a desired shape.

Abstract: A building for containing occupants, with at least one covering element to provide at least one roof portion, at least one wall portion, and at least one floor portion, to provide an interior space to contain and protect occupants from an adverse environment about the building or other structures. The building has an opening to permit occupants to ingress and egress, a window comprising at least one pane, comprising at least an outer pane disposed to contact the adverse environment about the building and at least one inner pane disposed toward the interior space of the building. The pane exposed to the environment about the building or structure comprises a glass material that has a minimized coefficient of thermal expansion. The building also has an insulation to protect occupants from adverse temperature and environmental conditions about the building and a heating apparatus to provide heat to the space provided by the at least one covering element, the window, and the insulation.

Abstract: The Invention relates to a tornado or hurricane shelter that is located above ground and at ground surface, large enough to provide a place of safety for up to ten people and is handicap accessible. The structures shape is oblong and a oblong spherical radius at the top. The basic frame and doors are solid thick hardwood planks bonded together with glue and fastened with lag screws and the windows are high impact plastic fastened to the structure with bolts. The door is a two part door with a sight window in the top, the side windows are removable from inside and they blend to the shape of the structure. High strength wire ropes go over the shelter and attach to turnbuckles which attach to earth anchors installed deep into the earth. Wire ropes and where it attaches to the earth anchors with turnbuckles is covered with a non metallic cover. The upper part door attaches to the lower door and the lower door attaches to the basic structure with heavy duty hinges and latches that are commercially available.

Abstract: Accessory (20) for modular elements (10) for the support and ventilation of crawl spaces, floor structures, floors or similar articles in the building field, each comprising an upper horizontal wall (11) and a plurality of vertical supporting legs (13) defining a continuous passage below said upper wall (11), said accessory (20) comprising a front wall (21) and a lateral wall (22) having a profile mating with that of the aperture defined by each pair of vertical legs (13) of a modular element (10).

Abstract: Disclosure provides a transformable linked structure, a deployable diagonal structure, a plane stowage-type deployable truss and a line stowage-type deployable truss with high rigidity and reliability constituted by the above-described transformable linked structure and the above-described deployable diagonal structure, and also provides a plane/line stowage truss structure extremely approximated to a spherical surface using the two types of deployable trusses. The present disclosure discloses a module linked structure for linking deployable trusses securely and a holding/releasing mechanism for realizing reliable holding and release. Further, the present invention provides a modular deployable antenna with high precision even if it is large-sized which is realized by spreading mesh on the plane/line stowage truss structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a monolithic prefabricated structure that is wind and impact resistant. This special pre-cast lightweight concrete structure is a blend of special aggregates and additives combined to resist the impacts of flying debris and extremes of weather. The curved exterior surface minimizes wind friction and deflects debris. The circular structure has a low center of gravity and firm attachment to a floor made of concrete. It has protected ventilation openings, viewing ports and a strong smooth-fitting door.

Abstract: A standardized arched jamb assembly includes an arched jamb member and a pair of opposite upright jamb members with angled cuts made at opposite ends of the arched jamb member and upper end portions of the upright jamb members where the arched jamb member meets and interfaces with the upright jamb members to form the arched jamb assembly. The angled cuts are two-sided and have substantially the same standard angular configurations, irrespective of variations in the radii of curvature of upper arched jamb members used with upright jamb members to provide wall openings of different widths. The two-sided angled cuts are preferably standard right-angled notches and end cuts.

Abstract: The invention includes methods and apparatus for fabricating a skating ring. One such apparatus is a curved element for skating rings which includes a plurality of vertical sup5 ports which are adapted to any curve shape. The apparatus further includes a plurality of horizontally arranged ribs and abutting double-curved shell segments made of several plane-like wood layers which are glued to each other. By being fixed to the support elements and ribs, the shell segments form a skating surface to be ridden on by skaters or the like. The shell segments are pre-shaped as at least one of single- or double-curves such that they can be fixed essentially stress-free onto the support elements and ribs. One method of the present invention includes a method for manufacturing shell segments for curve elements for skating rings. The shell segments include a plurality of plane-like layers of wood.

Abstract: Improved reversibly expandable structures are formed from novel loop assemblies comprising a plurality of links, each of said links having at least one center pivot joint and a plurality of end pivot joints, each of at least two of said plurality of end pivot joints proximate to the outer edge of said loop assembly and connected to another link; each of said plurality of links being connected to another one of said plurality of links by at least two end pivot joints thereby forming a link pair, said loop assembly comprising at least three link pairs, each of said at least three link pairs connected to at least two other link pairs through at least one of said end pivot joints; each of said at least three link pairs connected to a central piece that is central to the loop assembly, said central piece being rotatable around a central axis, wherein the rotation of the central piece reversibly expands said loop assembly.

Abstract: A building structure that is a one-piece extruded building that can simultaneously build inner and outer walls, roof, reinforcement and optionally even floors. Said structure is made up as a composite of an inner and outer encapsulating building material that provides structural strength, plus an inner core material composed of a highly expanding closed cell foam material for insulation. The building material is polymer based, but can also be a polymer-concrete, wherein traditional fibers are minimized and substituted for other aggregates. The polymer in the encapsulating material can have the catalyst encapsulated and premixed into a slurry form activated at the injection point by mechanically rupturing the capsule, or can be mixed and added at the injection point with a specially designed metering injectors. All comers and joints allow the encapsulating building material to join between inner/outer walls forming columns and evenly spaced beams or studs made from the same encapsulating building material.

Abstract: A toy igloo device is disclosed for resting on the ground. The device includes a dome shaped housing which defines an enclosure and an entrance. The housing includes a plurality of selectively interlocking sections with each section of the plurality of sections having an edge which rests on the ground. A first section of the plurality of sections defines a first opening and a second section of the plurality of sections is disposed adjacent to the first section. The second section defines a second opening so that the first and the second openings cooperate with each other to define the entrance. Each of the sections has an external surface which defines at least two pockets for the reception therein of snow. The arrangement is such that when the sections are interlocked, with the edges of the sections resting on the ground, snow is received and gathered within the pockets such that the toy igloo takes on an appearance of an Eskimo dwelling.

Abstract: A toy igloo device is disclosed for resting on the ground. The device includes a dome shaped housing which defines an enclosure and an entrance. The housing includes a plurality of selectively interlocking sections with each section of the plurality of sections having an edge which rests on the ground. A first section of the plurality of sections defines a first opening and a second section of the plurality of sections is disposed adjacent to the first section. The second section defines a second opening so that the first and the second openings cooperate with each other to define the entrance. Each of the sections has an external surface which defines at least two pockets for the reception therein of snow. The arrangement is such that when the sections are interlocked, with the edges of the sections resting on the ground, snow is received and gathered within the pockets such that the toy igloo takes on an appearance of an Eskimo dwelling.

Abstract: A new hub element is disclosed for building reversible expandable three-dimensional truss structures. The hub element can directly connect a pin joint towards the center of a scissor linkage to a pivot located near the extremity of another out-of-plane scissor linkage. It has the advantages of being more compact than previously known hub elements and can be used to create foldable structures that are more structurally sound than previously possible. The use of this novel hub element can also reduce the number of pieces required for a given foldable structure, thereby reducing manufacturing and assembly costs.

Abstract: A structural system of connected toroidal elements for all types of structures of all sizes, wherein such toroidal elements may be connected in level layers which may in turn be connected in stacks to form towers, domical and spherical structures, and connected in the forms of regular polyhedra to form domical and spherical structures. Structures may be constructed of frameworks formed by connected toroidal elements of various sizes and shapes.

Abstract: A method and structural component for use in constructing geodesic domes using standardized polygon panels. The invention allows for the use of a reduced number of components to construct a geodesic dome In one embodiment, a set of kite-shaped quadrilateral panels with an external convex surface are used to substantially construct a geodesic dome. A panel includes two lip seal panel edges The lip seam edge includes an inwardly disposed lip forming a mating surface suitable for mating with an adjacent straight seam edge of a corresponding panel so that the engagement between the two edges forms a seal. The seal may be made to impede moisture by various fastening methods, including screwing, riveting, gluing, taping or welding. Practice of the invention reduces transportation, inventory, and handling expense. Procurement, assembly, and maintenance complexity for the end user is also reduced.

Abstract: A decorative, spherically shaped structure formed by a plurality of circumferentially spaced, elongated, pivotably interconnected ribs that lie in substantially coplanar, contiguous relation to each other when not expanded, but are readily expandable to form a discontinuous, substantially spherical body having top and bottom hub sections formed by end panels unitarily molded onto the ends of each rib. The pivotable interconnection between adjacent ribs is achieved by providing tabs on the end panels, the tabs having cylindrical apertures cooperatively alignable with mating tabs of adjacent ribs, permitting such cooperatively aligned tabs to be pinned or riveted together to form an integral structure. The end panels of each molded rib preferably further comprise cooperatively engageable lips having stepped cross-sections that intermesh to form substantially continuous upper and lower hub surfaces providing strength and rigidity to the expanded sphere.

Abstract: A segmented, articulated pole member structure is constructed of a plurality of pivotally interconnected, pole segments. The pole segments are arranged in an alternating or offsetting fashion such that in their disassembled state they may be folded into a compact bundle for storage. In the assembled state, adjacent pole segments are retained under tension in fixed angular position relative to each other by a pivoting connection and an engagement loop or similar structure. Applications for the pole member structure include the construction of flexible structures such as tents and shelters, and support frames for mounting, supporting, or suspending articles in a desired shape.