Abstract: Flexible, resilient, polyurethane foam having improved flame retardancy and intumescent properties is prepared from the reaction of polyether polyol with organic isocyanate and an additive combination comprising: (i) a polyester polyol, (ii) an halogenated flame retardant, and (iii) water or alcohol soluble urea-formaldehyde resin.

Abstract: A process of coloring polyurethane resins during the production of same with reactive colorants having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 are selected from halogen, carboxylic acid, alkanoyl, aryloyl, alkyl, aryl, cyano, sulfonylalkyl, sulfonylaryl, thioalkyl, thioaryl, sulfinylalkyl, sulfinylaryl, dithioalkyl, dithioaryl, thiocyano, amidoalkyl, amidodialkyl, oxyalkyl, oxyaryl, hydrogen, sulfonamidoalkyl, sulfonamidoaryl, sulfonamidodialkyl, sulfonamidodiaryl, carbocyclic forming polymethylene chains, sulfenamidoalkyl, sulfenamidodialkyl, sulfenamidoaryl, sulfenamidodiaryl, sulfinamidoalkyl, sulfinamidodialkyl, sulfinamidoaryl, sulfinamidodiaryl; and A is an organic dyestuff coupler that is resistant to stannous octanoate and flame retardant compounds and which has functionality through reactive substituents thereof.

Abstract: A molded polyurethane foamed shape has finely ground dry fire-retardant particles containing a volatile active fire-retardant component which releases fire-retardant gas when exposed to fire and distributed throughout the shape and encapsulated by the polyurethane so as to protect the component against evaporation until exposed by initial burning of the shape.

Abstract: A catalyst and process are provided for producing polyurethanes by contacting an organic polyol and an organic isocyanate with a catalyst comprising an N-substituted alkoxyalkyl piperazine and preferably additionally comprising an N-alkoxyalkyl morpholine wherein the alkylene moieties of the morpholine and piperazine are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to about C.sub.5 alkylene moieties, and wherein the alkoxy moieties are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to about C.sub.3 alkoxy moieties.

Abstract: Polymer compositions comprising a mixture of vinyl chloride polymer and polyetherurethane with tertiary amine and/or ammonium groups. The compositions can be converted into shaped articles, e.g. tubes, cannulae, catheters and the like useful in the medical field.

Abstract: Haloalkoxymethylmelamine adduct is prepared by reacting hexamethoxymethylmelamine with a halogenated alcohol. Dispersions of this adduct in a polyol produce a polyurethane product which displays improved flame retardancy.

Abstract: A method for the production of fire retardant foam such as flexible polyurethane foam. The method includes the mixing of urea with one or more of the foam producing reactants prior to combining or at the time of combining such reactants to produce the foam material. In one embodiment, the urea is pre-mixed with the polyol reactant in a slurry apparatus. In another embodiment, urea is injected into a mixing head at the time of mixing the foam producing reactants. The urea component may be employed in amounts of about 30 to 45% by weight of the total foam mass composition.

Abstract: A stable copolymer dispersion is prepared by addition copolymerization of (1) a monomeric adduct of an active hydrogen compound, e.g., a polyether polyol or polyether monool, and an ethylenically unsaturated haloformate compound such as acryloxyethylchloroformate with (2) ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s), e.g., styrene or a mixture thereof with acrylonitrile, while (1) and (2) are dispersed or dissolved in an excess of an active hydrogen polyfunctional compound such as a polyether polyol. The molar ratio of haloformate moiety to active hydrogen compound is preferably less than about 0.1:1. The resulting dispersion has a controlled particle size and a viscosity such that it is suitably employed in the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Reaction injection moldings (RIM) having increased heat resistance are provided by employing a thiapolycyclic polyahl such as dimethyl-9-thiabicyclononane diamine as a chain extender in an otherwise conventional RIM formulation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved polyurethane foam having cleaning and germicidal activities. The foam is prepared by mixing together a select prepolymer reactant and water, and adding to the mixture prior to foam formation a nonionic surfactant, a quaternary ammonium compound and a silicon-based surfactant. The resulting foam is particularly useful as a disposable wiping pad for household clean-up applications.

Abstract: A process for the production of an expandable silicone resin includes reacting a substantial amount of the silanol (SiOH) groups present in the resin to form siloxane bonds and water, and heating the resin to a temperature above the resin's melting point, at which chemical reaction (condensation) of the silanol groups occur. The reaction increases the molecular weight of the resin and decreases the amount of water that must be removed during a subsequent foaming step, thereby controlling the rate and extent of foaming which can occur. The resin is solidified, pulverized and size-reduced to a powder form. The resin powder is blended with a minor amount of a particulate inert filler which is coated with a silicone resin curing catalyst and also with a minor amount of blowing agent (powder). The dry powder blend is then thermally fused for a closely-controlled, short duration, time at a temperature near the lower end of the blowing agent's gas-generating temperature range.

Abstract: Amino and amido dialkyltin dicarboxylates and stannoxy carboxylates are prepared by first reacting an amine or amino alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, followed by reaction of the resulting product with a dialkyltin oxide. The obtained compounds are useful as catalysts for promoting reaction of organic isocyanates with organic compounds having one or more active hydrogen-containing groups.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing a porous material having open pores, comprising the steps of preparing a slurry from a mixture comprising a bisphenol-type epoxy resin, a specific mixture amide compound as a hardener, a filler and water, casting the slurry in a water-impermeable mold, hardening the slurry while it contains the water and dehydrating the hardened body.

Abstract: A method of forming reinforced synthetic articles of polyester resin by reaction injection molding techniques comprising combining a set of reactants including a major base mass of polyester resin in fluid form, at least one polyester cure accelerator, a selected quantity of isocyanate, a surfactant, and an additive that is highly exothermically reactive with at least one other component in the mixture. The isocyanate is added in sufficient quantity to react with at least one other component in the mixture to provide mold filling and shrink-resistant quantities of carbon dioxide throughout the mixture. The resultant mixture is injected into a mold prior to substantial reaction. The additive is allowed to react and the heat produced by this exothermic reaction is effective to trigger and accelerate gas forming soon after injection. The gas formation generates pressure to expand the polyester base resin mass and maintain pressure through the curing reaction of the accelerator with the polyester resin.

Abstract: A phenolic resin foam having excellent mechanical strength and flame resistance is obtained by letting a resinous mixture comprising a benzylic ether type phenolic resin, a blowing agent, an aromatic sulfonic acid, a polyisocyanate compound, and water to stand at room temperature or more so as to allow the mixture to foam and solidify.

Abstract: A composite panel for use in the construction industry includes a core of foamed plastic material and a skin on at least one of its faces comprised of a two-ply material consisting of aluminum foil bonded to a mat of randomly oriented glass fibers into which the foam core has been expanded.The core material comprises the rection product of isocyanurate and polyester/polyether polyol with the isocyanurate in sufficient excess to form trimmer rings and to react with the polyol to form urethane linkages.Panels formed of the core material and the two-ply skins have excellent thermal insulation and fire retardant properties and the skins have excellent mechanical strength.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams prepared from the reaction of polyester polyol with organic isocyanate have improved flame retardance and dripping ember retardance by incorporation of an additive comprising (1) halogenated flame retardant, and (2) organic solvent soluble glycoluril-formaldehyde material.

Abstract: A sprayable polyisocyanurate composition, which composition is prepared by reacting equal parts of an A side mixture, containing a low-functionality methylene diisocyanate, with a B side mixture which comprises diethylene glycol, a low-hydroxyl polyether triol, a trimerization catalyst and a heat-activated catalyst, to provide a cure time of less than about 30 seconds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the discovery that the substitution of isocyanate coupled polyols for polyols conventionally used in the art leads to flexible polyurethane foams having significantly enhanced load bearing properties. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a process for the production of a flexible polyurethane foam having improved load bearing characteristics and to the foams so produced. The present process broadly comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a coupled polyol in the presence of a blowing agent, a catalyst and a foam stabilizer. The coupled polyol consists essentially of the reaction product of an organic polyisocyanate and an organic compound having a hydroxy functionality ("functionality" as used herein is intended to mean the average number of reaction groups per molecule) of greater than 2, wherein the ratio of hydroxyl groups to isocyanate groups is greater than 1.0.

Abstract: Alkali metal polyester silicate resinous products are produced by mixing a polyhydroxy organic compound, an alkali metal silicate and a polycarboxylic acid, then heating the mixture to a temperature between the melting point of the polycarboxylic acid and the boiling temperature of the polyol while agitating until the reaction is complete.

Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols are stabilized against oxidative degradation by incorporating therein a synergistic stabilizing composition containing (1) a mixture of butylated phenols consisting of 2-tertiary butyl phenol, 3,5-ditertiary butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate and 1,6-hexamethylene bis(3,5-ditertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate) or tetrakis [methylene(3,5-ditertiary butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)] methane (2) a p,p'-dialkyldiphenylamine such as p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine and (3) a phenothiazine compound. Polyurethane foams are stabilized against scorching when the stabilized polyols are utilized in the foam preparation or the stabilizing composition is added with other reactants.

Abstract: An improved, modified polyisocyanurate foam composition having improved compressive strength and good flame and smoke properties is prepared by the reaction of a methylene diisocyanate with a modifying amount of a hydroxyl compound, such as a hydroxyl-containing polyether or a saturated polyester, and with an alicyclic glycol, such as cyclohexane dimethanol, in the presence of a trimerization catalyst, a blowing amount of a blowing agent and a surfactant.

Abstract: Mixtures of aromatic polyols containing ester functionalities suitable for use in rigid foams prepared by reacting a dimethyl terephthalate waste stream containing methyl p-formylbenzoate over a metal alkoxide catalyst and subsequently transesterifying the product with a polyalkylene glycol in the presence of heat are described. These novel polyols may be blended with conventional polyols to yield excellent rigid foams, thus serving as useful polyol extenders. These low hydroxyl number extender polyols unexpectedly have a low relative viscosity.

Abstract: A single-phase, storage-stable, emulsifier-free polyol mixture comprising 100 parts of a relatively high molecular weight polyoxyalkylene polyol of OH number from 20 to 120, which has at least 5% and less than 80% by weight, of terminal oxyethylene blocks; from 1 to 100 parts of a low molecular weight diol mixture which is a reaction product of ethylene glycol, butane diol-1,4, or a mixture of ethylene glycol and butane diol-1,4, with from 0.05 to 0.50 mols of alkyl oxiranes; from 0.1 to 5 parts of solubilizing additives comprising one or more salts, the cations of which are from Groups I, II and III of the Periodic Table, ammonium or mono- to tetra-alkyl ammonium ions, and the anions of which are produced by removing at least one proton from an acid having a K.sub.s value of at least 10.sup.-7 ; and, optionally, other compounds having isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and other auxiliaries and additives for polyurethane production. Also polyurethanes produced using these polyol mixtures.

Abstract: Low density foams are prepared from an admixture which comprises a medium which is polymerizable and/or crosslinkable by free radical initiation, carbonylhydrazine blowing agent, a peroxide curing agent, a suitable surfactant, and at least one transition metal salt promoter wherein at least one of the metal salts is a compound of iron or copper. The blowing agent in the presence of an effective amount of the transitional metal salt promoter improves the efficiency of the process.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams prepared from the reaction of polyester polyol with organic isocyanate have improved flame retardance and dripping ember retardance by incorporation of an additive comprising (1) halogenated flame retardant, and (2) water or alcohol soluble urea-formaldehyde resin.

Abstract: Amino and amido dialkyltin dicarboxylates and stannoxy carboxylates are prepared by first reacting an amine or amino alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, followed by reaction of the resulting product with a dialkyltin oxide. The obtained compounds are useful as catalysts for promoting reaction of organic isocyanates with organic compounds having one or more active hydrogen-containing groups.

Abstract: Polymeric foam compositions, useful as insulating material are obtained from the reaction of polymaleic anhydride with a hydroxyl-containing compound like ethylene glycol or its derivatives, in the presence of an organic isocyanate. Hydroxyl-containing compounds suitable for reaction with polymaleic anhydride include C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 diols, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 trilos, C.sub.4 -C.sub.5 tetraols and their derivatives.

Abstract: A foam composition obtained by first forming a pre-blend reaction product by reacting about 200 to about 250 parts by weight melamine with about 20 to about 100 parts by weight phenolic resin having benzylic ether linkages in the presence of a catalyst and further reacting said pre-blend reaction product with about 20 to about 100 parts by weight isocyanate and about 20 parts by weight polyethylene glycol. Such foams are essentially non-burning under fire conditions and exhibit excellent compression strength characteristics while being virtually non-firable.

Abstract: Coating or adhesive composition having extended pot life and short cure time comprising an organic polyol, an organic polyisocyanate, an organo-zinc cure rate catalyst, and a compound selected from (a) beta-dicarbonyl compounds, (b) alpha-hydroxy ketones, (c) fused aromatic beta-hydroxy ketones, and (d) beta-hydroxy nitrogen-heterocyclic fused aromatics.Also disclosed are methods of preparing such coating or adhesive compositions, cured coatings and adhesives, and articles containing said coating or adhesive.

Abstract: A process and a foam produced therefrom are disclosed in which multi-functional isocyanate, water, a catalytic amount of a urea polymerization catalyst, and a catalytic amount of an isocyanurate polymerization catalyst are reacted to form a rigid, closed cell, urea-modified polyisocyanurate foam suitable for use for retrofitting wall cavities with insulating material. The urea polymerization catalyst and the isocyanurate polymerization catalyst are present in the reaction mixture in relationship to the multi-functional isocyanate and water in amounts so as to produce a foam setting after substantially complete rising thereof. Activator compositions for preparing such foams are also disclosed.

Abstract: Liquid carbodiimide-modified organic polyisocyanates are prepared by reacting a crude polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate containing no more than 70 weight percent diphenylmethane diisocyanate with an isomer mixture of 40 to 100 weight percent 4,4'-, 0 to 50 weight percent 2,4- and 0 to 10 weight percent 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and having an average functionality of 2.1 to 2.7 and a free NCO content of at least 30 percent weight percent in the presence of an effective amount of carbodimidization catalyst. Polyisocyanurate-polyurethane foams prepared by reacting the modified polyisocyanates and polyols selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol and ethylene oxide adducts of trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, glycerine, pentaerythritol, .alpha.-methylglucoside, sucrose, toluene diamine and methylene dianiline in the presence of trimerization catalysts exhibit improved compression strengths and K-factors with low friability and smoke density.

Abstract: A polyester-melamine-isocyanurate thermosetting foam composition having improved flame, smoke and nonburning properties with good compressive strength, which foam composition is prepared by the admixture of a saturated polyester resin, a flame-retardant amount of melamine, a methylene diisocyanate, in the presence of a silicone-glycol surfactant, a fluorocarbon blowing agent and a trimerization catalyst to provide a closed-cell thermosetting foam.

Abstract: A two-part pack, and method for its preparation, from which a phenol-formaldehyde resin foam may be prepared, which system comprises in the first part of the pack a phenol-formaldehyde resin, a blowing agent which is an inert, low boiling liquid, an effective amount of a nitrogenous modifier capable of permitting dispersion of the blowing agent in the resin, and a surfactant; and in the second part of the pack an acid catalyst system dispersed in a liquid polyhydroxy compound, in a weight ratio of polyhydroxy compound to acid catalyst of at least 1:1. These two-part packs enable simpler handling and placement techniques being shelf storable, compared to the known shelf storable systems which involve three, or more, components.

Abstract: A carboxylic acid or carboxylate is reacted with an isocyanate to produce gas which is used to give a blowing action in the manufacture of a foam plastics material, especially foam polyurethane.Preferably formic acid or a formate is used.

Abstract: Monomeric or polymeric isocyanurates, e.g., polyisocyanate/polyisocyanurates, are prepared by catalytically cyclotrimerizing an isocyanate, e.g., an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanate, in the presence of an aminosilyl catalysis initiator, e.g., a mono- or diaminosilane, a silylurea or a silazane, having the structural formula:R.sub.(4-n) Si--NR'R"].sub.n (I)wherein R is a saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aryl, aralkyl or alkylaryl monovalent hydrocarbon radical, or halo or cyano substituted such radical, and further wherein any two radicals R may together form a single divalent such hydrocarbon radical; R' is R, SiR.sub.3 or an amido radical having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R'" is R or SiR.sub.3, with R being as above defined, and further wherein R', when R' is neither the amido radical nor SiR.sub.

Abstract: Polyisocyanurate-polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with oxyethylated aromatic amines and diols having equivalent weights from 31 to 100 and at an isocyanate index of 150 to 500 in the presence of a trimerization catalyst and a blowing agent.

Abstract: What are disclosed are pressure-resistant microcapsules comprising a polyamide shell having therein a structural mass of a polyurethane-polyurea polymer and an encapsulated water-immiscible liquid phase, and methods for making the same by dispersing a water-immiscible liquid phase in an aqueous phase and subsequently or simultaneously admixing therewith an aqueous solution of a diamine or polyamine, said dispersed phase comprising a polyamide forming acid compound, diisocyanate or polyisocyanate or a prepolymer thereof, and an inert organic aprotic hydrophilizing agent.

Abstract: A new class of polymer/polyols based on the condensation polymerization of an oxalate ester and a diamine directly in a polyether polyol. The resultant polyoxamate/polyols have viscosities ranging from 1,500 to 15,000 cps. These polyoxamate/polyols are useful in the preparation of urethane elastomers and high resilience foams.

Abstract: A method of forming synthetic articles of polyester resin by resin transfer molding techniques or the like comprising combining a set of reactants including a major base mass of polyester resin in fluid form, at least one polyester cure accelerator, a selected quantity of isocyanate, a surfactant and at least one promoter. The isocyanate is added in sufficient quantity to react with at least one other component in the mixture to produce quantities of carbon dioxide throughout the mixture. The resultant mixture is transferred into a closed mold prior to substantial reaction. The promoter is allowed to react exothermically with at least one other component of the mixture to trigger the isocyanate to react to evolve carbon dioxide gas to generate pressure to fill the mold. Thereafter a curing reaction between the cure accelerator and the polyester occurs to cure and solidify the expanded resin to produce an expanded article.

Abstract: A glue foamable to high density comprises an aqueous alkaline thermosetting resin and a surfactant comprising (1) a fatty acid amide of the alkanol-amines or (2) a tertiary amine oxide used in amount sufficient to render the glue foamable to a stable foam having a density of at least 0.5 and a viscosity of from 1,000 to 20,000 centipoises upon being beaten with air. The glue is useful particularly in the manufacture of plywood.

Abstract: A foam made from the reaction of a multifunctional isocyanate and a catalytic amount of an isocyanate polymerizing catalyst and method for making such foam are disclosed in which the foam is modified by forming the foam in the presence of water and a softening agent selected from the group consisting of a chlorinated alkane, brominated alkane, alkyl ester of an alkanoic acid, alkylene oxide, aromatic hydrocarbon, acylnitrile, aliphatic ketone, aliphatic aldehyde, aliphatic ether, alicyclic ether, amide of an alkanoic acid, and mixtures thereof, wherein the foam is modified by the water and the softening agent in an amount effective to provide a gel time which exceeds the rise time of the foam. A method of filling wall cavities with the foam and composition for preparing the foam are also disclosed.

Abstract: Copolyester polyol resins comprising the reaction product of an aromatic component, an aliphatic component selected from certain dibasic compounds, at least one primary hydroxyl glycol, and at least one secondary hydroxyl glycol, the mole ratios of the components being:(i) glycols to aromatic plus aliphatic component of about 1.3 to 2:1,(ii) aliphatic component to aromatic component of about 0.3 to 1.7:1, and(iii) primary glycol to secondary glycol of about 0.6 to 2.5:1.The invention also comprises foamable blends utilizing such resins and resultant polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: An expandable and curable polyester composition comprising a mixture of a liquid, ethylenically unsaturated polyester resin composition; a peroxide; an organometallic promotor; and a dialkyl or trialkyl hydrazine is disclosed. In addition, a method for forming said expanded and cured polyester resin composition, and the product formed in accordance with said method, an expanded and cured polyester resin composition, is taught.

Abstract: A process for preparing polymers compositions of a mixture of vinyl chloride polymer and polyurethane with tertiary amine and/or ammonium groups.

Abstract: A method of catalyzing the curing of polyurethane foams formed by reacting a polyol with a diisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent and a catalyst comprising using as the catalyst a compound of the formula ##STR1## where R can be hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or R.sup.4 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; R.sup.1 can be hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or R.sup.4 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; R.sup.2 can be hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 can be alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms or phenyl; and R.sup.4 can be hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl of 1-17 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Unsaturated polyester foams having fine and uniform cells are prepared at an atmospheric temperature from an admixture which comprises in combination a liquid unsaturated polyester resin, a hydrazide compound, a cobalt compound and a powdered inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of percarbonates, perborates and perphosphates.

Abstract: Rebonded polyurethane foams having incorporated into the foam urea and/or melamine are described. The rebonded foams have excellent resistance to smoldering combustion and flaming combustion. The rebonded foam is highly suitable, inter alia, for cushioning and seating structures.

Abstract: This invention relates to solid reaction products of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic mono- and/or polyisocyanates and organic, weakly acid mono- and/or polycarboxylic acids for the production of cellular plastics articles and particularly polyurethane foams. The products of the present invention may also be in the form of mixtures with carboxylic acids. The products are suitable for the production of cellular or porous plastics articles, but are preferably used in the preparation of cellular thermoplastic polyurethanes and semi-rigid and particularly rigid polyurethane integral skin foams having a compact outer skin formed by foaming the reaction mixture in closed molds.

Abstract: There is disclosed a compositon forming an elastic foam at normal temperature essentially comprising(A) polydiorganosiloxane end-blocked by silanol group and a viscosity within the range between 500 and 200,000 cSt at 25.degree. C.,(B) an aminoxy group-containing organosilicon compound having more than two silicon-bonded organoaminoxy groups on the average in one molecule,(C) a silicon-hydrogen bond containing polyorganosiloxane having more than two silicon-hydrogen bonds on the average in one molecule, with the proportion of said silicon-hydrogen bonds being 10% or more of the number of silicon atoms,(D) fumed silica,(E) an isocyanato group-containing organic compound, and optionally(F) a polyhydric alcohol having two or more alcoholic hydroxyl groups bonded to primary carbon atoms and/or two or more alcoholic hydroxyl groups bonded to secondary carbon atoms in one molecule.