Abstract: Acrylonitrile polymer containing amino groups and having a porous structure containing micro-pores with an average size of from 50 to 2000 .ANG. and pore volume of not less than 0.2 cm.sup.3 /g is prepared by reducing an acrylonitrile polymer having said porous structure in an inert non-solvent for said polymer with lithium aluminum hydride. The polymer obtained is useful as a carrier for enzymes.

Abstract: A modified low-density flexible polyurethane foam product having a relatively high degree of firmness as well as commercially acceptable dielectric heat sealing characteristics. The product formulation includes an intermediate constituted by a mixture of polyol and a polymer/polyol in a ratio imparting to the product a predetermined degree of firmness, and a thermoplastic additive whose dielectric loss index is greater than the loss index of polyurethane foam to impart to the product an acceptable dielectric heating response in a high frequency electric field. This response is enhanced by acrylonitrile/styrene components included in the polymer/polyol.

Abstract: A rigid porous, deformation resisting, nonresilient inflexible thermoset resin foam having macroscopic open cells and the method of making the same. The method comprises foaming and partially curing a polyepoxide or polyurethane resin in which the cells are closed. The partially cured resin is softened by heating and then crushed to compress the cells to produce an open-celled product. The crushed foam is reexpanded and finally cured. The foam may be filled for strengthening with a filler such as carbon black before or after the final cure.

Abstract: A totally porous activated gel which comprises a matrix of a totally porous crosslinked copolymer comprising as main components vinyl alcohol monomer units and crosslinkable monomer units and having a specific surface area of 5 to 1000 m.sup.2 /g and an reactive group linked to said matrix by a covalent bond. The present activated gel is very useful for effectively separating bio-substances due to the peculiar behavior of the reactive group of the activated gel. The activated gel is rigid, and is excellent in mechanical strength, resistance to chemicals, high pH, low pH, high temperature and low temperature, and is very effective in specific adsorption of bio-substances. The activated gel can be subjected to freeze-drying sterilization, heat sterilization and radiation sterilization, so that it can be utilized for the medical treatment by extracorporeal perfusion of, for example, blood.

Abstract: Expandable styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer particles which comprises a copolymer resin obtained by reaction of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer with a hydroxy compound and further impregnated with a volatile blowing agent.

Abstract: When polyvinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymers are acetalized in an acid aqueous medium in the presence of a wetting agent, an open-pore solid foam is formed, if the reaction mixture contains gas bubbles. These gas bubbles are produced, in particular, by stirring in air. The molded articles obtained are porous, and the pores are uniformly distributed. The dried molded article absorbs many times its weight of water. It is employed as a sponge for household use and in industry.

Abstract: Disclosed is the preparation of micro-bits of expanded styrene-polymers and of expanded polyolefins by comminuting the styrene-polymer or polyolefin in a particular combination of comminuting steps in a suitable comminutor that can provide that combination of steps and in the presence of water as a cooling agent. The polymer micro-bits, which are produced as an aqueous slurry, may be rendered dry-to-the-touch by vacuum filtration followed by passage through a filter press.

Abstract: An impregnant which is suitable for being applied to a once produced open-cellular, soft resin foam to change its physical properties to a desired extent depending on the purpose in end use, the impregnant comprising an isocyanate selected from 4.4'-diphenylmethanediisocyanate, tolylenediisocyanate or a mixture thereof admixed with a polyurethane prepolymer obtained by reacting an isocyanate selected from tolylenediisocyanate, 4.4'-diphenylmethanediisocyanate or a mixture thereof with a polyol, and optionally a solvent for the mixture in suitable amounts.

Abstract: Dyestuff preparations which are capable of flow and contain (a) at least one dyestuff which is sparingly soluble or insoluble in water, (b) at least one polyester of phthalic acid and a polyalcohol and optionally a monohydric alcohol with 1-18 C atoms and (c) optionally further auxiliaries, and their use for dyeing plastics, in particular polyurethane plastics.

Abstract: There is provided a polymeric bacteriocidal composition comprising a thermoplastic, partially cross-linked polyurethane having --NH--(C.dbd.O)--O-- urethane linkages and/or urea linkages --NH--(C.dbd.O)--NH-- and iodine complexed with a sufficient number of these linkages to provide bacteriocidal properties to said composition. The polyurethane has an average molecular weight between 35,000 and 50,000, an ultimate elongation of 200 to 800% and a Shore A scale hardness of 60 to 95. The composition is shaped into a conventional medical appliance form, e.g. a catheter.

Abstract: Polymeric catalysts containing groups of the general formula: [--(C.sub.5 R.sub.4)Me(CO).sub.x L.sub.y ].sub.z, wherein (C.sub.5 R.sub.4) is a sustituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadiene group; Me is a transition metal; and L is alkyl or aryl phosphine, alkyl phosphite, nitrosyl, allyl, SnCl.sub.3, halogen or hydrogen. Such groups are bound to polymeric carriers such as polystyrene-based copolymers, silica gel or silicate glass. Processes for preparing such catalysts and methods for their use are also disclosed.

Abstract: Waste polyurethane materials are made re-usable by converting them to liquid mixtures. Such liquid mixtures are made by reacting up to 70 parts by weight of polyurethane with a low-melting polyisocyanate at 100.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst. Suitable catalysts include the acid and neutral salts, phenolates, enolates and alcoholates of a metal of the 3rd, 4th or 5th Main Group or 1st, 2nd, 4th, 7th or 8th subgroup of the Periodic System of elements. The thus-produced mixtures contain isocyanates and are suitable as an isocyanate component in the production of polyurethane plastic materials.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing an activated microporous substrate to which antibody may be covalently bonded through trichloro-triazine to yield an activated substrate which is very useful for many immunochemical reactions utilizing a flow-through procedure.

Abstract: This invention relates to solutions of silanols prepared by hydrolysis of alkyltrialkoxysilanes whose alkoxy groups are partially or completely hydrolyzed.Preferred hydrolyzed alkyltrialkoxysilanes are of the formula CH.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --Si(OH).sub.n (OH').sub.3-n.

Abstract: The invention relates to porous post-chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins which contain or have incorporated therein a salt of phosphoric acid resulting in a substantial improvement in the thermal stability thereof during subsequent processing. The phosphate salt is added to the porous post chlorinated polymer from an aqueous solution thereof which optionally contains a surfactant, which wets the polymer particles and allows the penetration thereof by the solution. Post chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is the most preferred polymer or resin.

Abstract: Grains of a totally porous, hydroxyl group-containing, nonionic and hydrophilic synthetic cross-linked polymer having alcoholic hydroxyl and ether groups as main hydrophilic groups and having as a main skeleton a chemical structure including carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms bonded through single bonds, said synthetic polymer having a hydroxyl group density of 1 to 15 milliequivalents/g, a specific surface area of 5 to 1000 m.sup.2 /g and a water regain of 0.3 to 3.0 g/g. Such grains have been found to be a packing material or gel for high speed, aqueous gel permeation chromatography. The packing material of the present invention which comprises grains of a hydroxyl group-containing nonionic and hydrophilic synthetic cross-linked polymer has a chemical structure obtained by reacting a totally porous, hydroxyl group-containing, nonionic polymer with a polyfunctional substance capable of reacting with the hydroxyl groups of said polymer while forming cross-linking ether groups.

Abstract: A method if provided for continuously hydrolyzing urethane foam in a vertically oriented hydrolysis reactor. In a preferred practice, a bed of foam particles is formed in the reactor. Superheated steam is flowed continuously upward through the bed at a temperature and rate such that only the foam particles then adjacent the bottom of the reactor are hydrolyzed and the bulk of the bed is not fluidized. Unreacted steam heats the unhydrolyzed foam. Liquid hydrolysis products are drained as they are formed to prevent hydrolysis-impeding liquid saturation of unhydrolyzed particles.

Abstract: A multiple shell structure and a method of manufacturing such structure wherein a hollow glass microsphere is surface treated in an organosilane solution so as to render the shell outer surface hydrophobic. The surface treated glass shell is then suspended in the oil phase of an oil-aqueous phase dispersion. The oil phase includes an organic film-forming monomer, a polymerization initiator and a blowing agent. A polymeric film forms at each phase boundary of the dispersion and is then expanded in a blowing operation so as to form an outer homogeneously integral monocellular substantially spherical thermoplastic shell encapsulating an inner glass shell of lesser diameter.

Abstract: An improved process for quaternizing a tertiary amine entrained in a microporous matrix is disclosed. The improvement comprises subjecting the microporous matrix to methyl chloride vapors for a length of time sufficient to distribute methyl chloride throughout the matrix at a temperature at which substantially no quaternization of the amine occurs. Subsequently, the matrix is heated to a temperature, and for a time sufficient to quaternize the amine.

Abstract: The preparation of flexible polyurethane foam micro-bits by the comminution of a flexible polyurethane foam in the presence of a compatible protective cooling fluid under specific comminuting steps and conditions.

Abstract: Residue from dressing bauxite is mixed with NaCl and ground; polyurethane foam is ground and mixed with CaCl.sub.2 ; a silicon organic compound and quartz powder is added to one or both of the ground mixtures; the grains are embedded in bituminous material or asphalt to be used for making a surface road, being protected against frost by these salts. Specific examples and method steps are described.

Abstract: Novel polymer-supported metal complexes of the formula:PS --R Me(CO).sub.n H.sub.

Abstract: Microspheres, the blowing agent of which is microencapsulated with a thermoplastics having an acrylonitrile moiety, are prepared. Acrylonitrile monomer remaining therein is eliminated from the microspheres by cyanoethylation. The microspheres have an excellent solvent-resistance and an expansibility hardly changeable with time but no harmfulness attributed to the acrylonitrile monomer.

Abstract: A process for oxidizing organic substrates such as ketones and ethylenically unsaturated compounds. The substrate is contacted with aqueous hydrogen peroxide in a solution or in a two-phase liquid system, in the presence of a polymeric catalyst containing chemically bonded arsenic. This process can lead to lactones or hydroxy acids from cyclic ketones or to esters or mixtures of alcohol and carboxylic acid from open chain ketones. Unsaturated compounds afford epoxides and/or diols. Preparations of certain polymers substituted by arsenic groups, particularly from polystyrene, poly(vinylpyridine) and copolymers thereof, useful as catalysts in such oxidation process, are described. For example, polystyrene is brominated, bromine therein is replaced by lithium and the resulting lithiated polymer is converted into a polymer containing an arsenic group, such as arsono, --As(O)(OH).sub.2, as substituent group, by reaction with arsine triethoxide followed by oxidation and hydrolysis by aqueous hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Expandable styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer particles in which the base copolymer is chemically modified with a hydroxy compound such as 1,4-butanediol, diethylene glycol, glycerine or bisphenol which are useful in the production of various foamed articles having low density without overcharging thereof and good thermal stability.

Abstract: Novel polymer-supported metal complexes of the formulaPS -R Me(CO).sub.n H.sub.

Abstract: A macroporous crosslinked styrene resin, used as a carrier for covalently binding proteins, which resin contains isocyanate, thioisocyanate or aldehyde groups as protein-binding groups and may or may not contain sulfonic acid groups--which may also be in the form of the sodium salt or of sulfonic acid amide groups--as hydrophilic groups.The carrier according to the invention is prepared from a sulfochlorinated macroporous crosslinked styrene resin by reacting the sulfonic acid chloride groups with an .alpha.,.omega.-diamino compound, with hydrazine or with an .alpha., .omega.-diamino-diether, converting any sulfonic acid chloride groups which may still be present to free sulfonic acid groups, their sodium salt or a sulfonamide group, and then reacting the terminal amino groups with phosgene, thiophosgene or a diisocyanate in order to produce the binding groups, which in turn fix a biologically active protein by covalent bonds.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of a flexible, open cell polyurethane foam which can be rigidized by incorporating an epoxy resin into the mixture prior to foaming and, after forming a flexible foam, adding an epoxy curing agent thereto to cause the epoxy resin to cure thereby rigidizing the previously flexible foam. The flexible foam can be reshaped prior to rigidizing if desired.

Abstract: A hydrophilic separating carrier is a porous spherical gel having primary hydroxyl groups and is produced by an aqueous suspension homopolymerization of pentaerythritol dimethacrylate or an aqueous suspension copolymerization of pentaerythritol dimethacrylate and a methacrylate monomer having hydrophilic group and/or hydrophilic convertible group.

Abstract: A hydrophilic separating carrier is a porous spherical gel having primary hydroxyl groups and is produced by an aqueous suspension homopolymerization of pentaerythritol dimethacrylate or an aqueous suspension copolymerization of pentaerythritol dimethacrylate and a methacrylate monomer having hydrophilic group and/or hydrophilic convertible group.

Abstract: A novel protein adsorbent consisting essentially of a porous copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture comprising at least one cyano group-containing monomer and at least one cross-linkable monomer, said copolymer having an average pore diameter (d) of from 40 A to 9,000 A and a total pore volume of from 0.05.sqroot.X ml to 1.5.sqroot.X ml per gram of the copolymer in a dry state, in which X designates the weight proportion of said cross-linkable monomer expressed in terms of the percent by weight based on the total monomers. The present porous copolymer adsorbent has a remarkably high protein adsorbing capacity. The adorbent can advantageously be used for various purposes such as purification and separation of proteins, and removal of proteins. Copolymer-protein composites obtained by adsorption of proteins on the present porous copolymer also are industrially useful and have a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: A hydrophilic separating carrier is a porous spherical gel having primary hydroxyl groups and is produced by an aqueous suspension homopolymerization of pentaerythritol dimethacrylate or an aqueous suspension copolymerization of pentaerythritol dimethacrylate and a methacrylate monomer having hydrophilic group and/or hydrophilic convertible group.

Abstract: Viscous, flowable, pressure-compensating fitting materials or compositions suitable for a variety of uses and applications, including, but not limited to, fitting pads for footwear or the like.

Abstract: A macroporous crosslinked sytrene resin, used as a carrier for covalently binding proteins, which resin contains isocyanate, thioisocyanate or aldehyde groups as protein-binding groups and may or may not contain sulfonic acid groups--which may also be in the form of the sodium salt or of sulfonic acid amide groups--as hydrophilic groups.The carrier according to the invention is prepared from a sulfochlorinated macroporous crosslinked styrene resin by reacting the sulfonic acid chloride groups with an .alpha.,.omega.-diamino compound, with hydrazine or with an .alpha.,.omega.-diaminodiether, converting any sulfonic acid chloride groups which may still be present to free sulfonic acid groups, their sodium salt or a sulfonamide group, and then reacting the terminal amino groups with phosgene, thiophosgene or a diisocyanate in order to produce the binding groups, which in turn fix a biologically active protein by covalent bonds.

Abstract: Novel polymer-supported metal complexes of the formula:PS --R Me(CO).sub.n H.sub.

Abstract: A unique substantially non-flammable impregnant for polyether-derived polyurethane foam substrates is disclosed. The impregnant is characterized by a carboxylated neoprene latex and an alumina trihydrate. It can be further characterized by a diammonium hydrogen phosphate, urea, a magnesium-zinc complex, a surfactant and water.A method for applying the impregnant to the mentioned substrate is also disclosed. That method is characterized by depositing the impregnant on the substrate, impregnating and curing it, and recovering a substantially non-flammable product. That impregnated polyether-derived polyurethane foam product can be configurated as a laminate and adhered to some other substrate. Articles like mattresses and cushions can be advantageously fabricated using the unique impregnant.

Abstract: A flame-resistant polyurethane foam is obtained by treatment of the foam with a mixture of aluminium hydroxide and a carboxyl group-containing polychloroprene latex and cross-linking the latex with zinc oxide or magnesium oxide.

Abstract: A carrier for liquid chromatography having main units ##STR1## wherein n=0 or an integer of 1 to 3; m=0 or 1; q=an integer of 1 to 3; p=0 or 1; w=90 to 16; x=57 to 2; y=0 to 30; z=5 to 30; B represents adenine, guanine, thymine, uracil or cytosine; X' represents OH Cl, Br or I; and CM represents styrene, a substituted styrene, acrylonitrile, a substituted acrylonitril, acrylic acid or a substituted acrylic acid and CCM represents crosslinking agent having two or more unsaturated group such as ethylene glycol diacrylate, divinylbenzene etc.

Abstract: An open-cell synthetic-resin foam body is placed in a fluidized bed of conductive metallic particles having a particle size many times smaller than the cell size of the foam. The particles completely permeate the body and adhere to all of the strands thereof. Thereafter the body is vibrated to free from it particles not directly contacting its strands. The thus coated body is then simultaneously pressed and heated so as to reduce its thickness by a factor of at least two and permanently compress it, thereby forcing all of the particles into good contact with each other for good electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A diethylaminoethyl derivative or its salt is reacted with a synthetic resin of a macroporous type having functional groups reactive with said diethylaminoethyl derivative or its salt, having a specific area of at least 1 m.sup.2 /g-dry resin and containing macropores of which the total volume of those with pore sizes from 100 A to 2,000 A is at least 0.1 cc/g-dry resin, in the presence of an alkaline compound to give an enzyme-immobilization carrier which can provide an immobilized enzyme high in activity with good activity retentivity and also large in amount of the immobilized enzyme per unit weight of the carrier.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a radiation curable coating composition containing microcapsules comprising the steps of preparing a dispersion of substantially discrete microcapsules in a continuous phase, the continuous phase comprising a liquid volatile solvent, preparing a liquid radiation curable suspending medium, the liquid radiation curable suspending medium comprising one or more ethylenically unsaturated organic compounds having at least one terminal ethylenic group per molecule, mixing the dispersion of substantially discrete microcapsules in the continuous phase and the liquid radiation curable suspending medium with turbulent agitation to form an intimate mixture of the dispersion of microcapsules and the liquid radiation curable suspending medium, and applying heat and vacuum to the mixture, while maintaining the agitation, until the liquid volatile solvent is substantially removed from the mixture to form a dispersion of substantially discrete microcapsules in the liquid radiation curable s

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for working additives into polymers, in which a mixture of thermoplastics with additives is heated to a temperature sufficient for the melting process, with the possible introduction of an expanding agent into the melt in which the expanding agent is homogenized, the melt being cooled if necessary to a temperature at which it can be extruded in the form of a foam plastic, the additives being adsorbed on a polymer flocculent matrix having a sufficient specific area, due to having a density of up to 0.6 g/cm.sup.3 and 15 to 99% of open foam cells and being of the same or different polymer composition as the basic polymer.

Abstract: A carrier for liquid chromatography having main units ##STR1## WHEREIN N=0 OR AN INTEGER OF 1 TO 3; M=0 OR 1; Q= AN INTEGER OF 1 TO 3; P=0 OR 1; W=90 TO 16; X=57 TO 2; Y=0 TO 30; Z=5 TO 30; B represents adenine, guanine, thymine, uracil or cytosine; X' represents OH Cl, Br or I; and CM represents styrene, a substituted styrene, acrylonitrile, a substituted acrylonitril, acrylic acid or a substituted acrylic acid and CCM represents crosslinking agent having two or more unsaturated group such as ethylene glycol diacrylate, divinylbenzene etc.

Abstract: Hydrophilic floral display foam blocks are prepared from frothed urea-formaldehyde, and wherein the urea-formaldehyde contains an alkyl-aryl sulfonate, and wherein the alkyl-aryl sulfonate has been exposed to an aqueous solution of a quaternary ammonium salt in an amount sufficient to provide at least equal molar concentrations of the quaternary ammonium salt to the alkyl-aryl sulfonate present in the foam. The urea-formaldehyde foam may also contain quantities of sodium molybdate to enhance the stability and lifetime of cut flowers retained in the foam material. Also, the urea-formaldehyde foam may contain starch to help suppress the free formaldehyde odor and help increase the biodegradability of the cured foam. The resulting foam is hydrophilic in nature, and hence is readily wetted, with the hydrophilic characteristic not adversely affecting the life of cut flowers retained therein.

Abstract: A granular filler for liquid chromatography consisting essentially of a porous copolymer of (A) a glycidyl monovinyl ester of glycidyl monovinyl ether and (B) an alkylene glycol divinyl ester with component (A) being crosslinked by component (B) to form a gel copolymer, said copolymer containing in its molecule epoxy groups ascribable to component (A) or modified groups resulting from the ring-opening reaction of the epoxy groups with a modifying compound having a hydrophilic, oleophilic or ion exchangeable group.

Abstract: The method of fabrication of porous macromolecular materials which are primarily intended for use as ion-exchange membranes and selective semi-permeable membranes consists in subjecting a polymer to irradiation with heavy nuclear particles, in chemically fixing a monomer having at least one ethylene double bond in the zones which are modified by irradiation and localized around the locus of passage of each particle and in forming the pore structure by means of a chemical attacking agent which is specific to the starting polymer.

Abstract: A chemical-resistant diaphragm composed of a fluorine-containing polymer and potassium titanate and a method for the manufacture of said diaphragm by the steps of adding titanium oxide or titanic acid to a fluorine-containing polymer and heating the resultant mixture in the presence of potassium hydroxide.

Abstract: Biocompatible polymeric microspheres having an average diameter below about 3 microns and having a density at least 15% greater or lesser than organic cells and having covalent binding sites are provided in accordance with this invention. The microspheres are obtained by copolymerizing a hydroxy or amine substituted acrylic monomer such as hydroxyethylmethacrylate with a light or dense comonomer such as a fluoromonomer. A lectin or antibody is bound to the hydroxy or amine site of the bead to provide cell specificity. When added to a cell suspension the marked bead will specifically label the cell membrane by binding to specific receptor sites thereon. The labelled membrane can then be separated by density gradient centrifugation.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hard and porous polyvinylalcohol gels for aqueous gel permeation chromatography, comprises suspension-polymerizing vinyl acetate with diethylene glycol dimethacrylate or glycidyl methacrylate in the presence of a diluent which controls pore size of the product as a crosslinking agent, saponifying the resulting porous polyvinyl acetate gel with an alkali, and subjecting the resulting porous polyvinylalcohol gel to post-crosslinking with epichlorohydrin.

Abstract: This specification discloses a process for the production of oxygenated compounds, more specifically aldehydes and alcohols, by reacting an olefin with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of, as a catalyst, an insoluble polymer containing a functional group, which may be an amine, thiol, phosphine, or arsine group, having chemically bonded thereto a metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table. The metal can be, for example, rhodium, cobalt, or ruthenium. The olefin can contain more than one carbon-to-carbon double bond, may be an open chain or a cyclic olefin, and may be substituted. Further, the olefin may be contained in a refinery stream such as a cracked gasoline. The reaction may be carried out in the presence of a polar solvent.