Abstract: The invention discloses methods for making foams by photopolymerizing emulsions comprising a reactive phase and a phase immiscible with the reactive phase components. Foams made from water-in-oil emulsions, including high internal phase emulsion are disclosed. Articles and uses for the foams are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an O/W type aqueous dispersion which comprises mixing a radical polymerization type thermosetting resin and water together to uniformly disperse particles of the resin in the aqueous phase; the aqueous dispersion is stable and thixotropic and has excellent workability; moreover, as with a normal radical polymerization type thermosetting resin, the aqueous dispersion can be cured at ambient temperature or with heating in the presence of a curing agent and if necessary an accelerator, and the cured material obtained is a porous cured material having fine particles bound together and fine interconnected pores between the bound particles.

Abstract: This invention concerns a composition useful for preparing latex foam. The composition includes a latex and a polynitrile oxide such as 2,4,6-triethylbenzene-1,3-dintrile oxide, or a latex and an epoxy silane, or a latex and a mixture of the two crosslinkers. The composition may also contain additional components, including fillers, surfactants, cell detackifiers, froth stabilizers, froth boosters, viscosity reducers, compounds to improve resilience and antioxidants. The composition is particularly useful in the manufacture of flooring, wall covering, shoe lining and non-woven materials.

Abstract: Water-absorbing, expanded, crosslinked polymers obtainable by (I) foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture which comprises (a) monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acidic groups and are optionally neutralized, (b) optionally other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, (c) crosslinkers, (d) initiators, (e) 0.

Abstract: A composition comprising (A) a copolymer which comprises (I) repeating units which are derived from a monomer having a fluoroalkyl group, a carbon-carbon double bond, (II) optional repeating units which are derived from a monomer having at least two urethane or urea bonds and a carbon-carbon double bond, but no fluorine atom, (III) optional repeating units which are derived from a monomer, the homopolymer of which having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 50° C. or less, (IV) optional repeating units which are derived from a monomer having a hydrophilic group and a carbon-carbon double bond, and (V) optional repeating units which are derived from a monomer having a chlorine atom and a carbon-carbon double bond; and (B) a film-forming auxiliary can impart high water and oil repellency by drying at room temperature (0 to 30° C.) without requiring a heat treatment step.

Abstract: The invention provides an aerogel-hollow particle binder composition comprising an aqueous binder, hydrophobic aerogel particles, and hollow, non-porous particles, as well as an insulation composite comprising the aerogel-hollow particle binder composition, and a methods of preparing the aerogel-hollow particle binder composition and insulation composite.

Abstract: An expanded cellular ethylenic polymer product is provided from an irradiated, noncross-linked linear ethylenic polymer. Linear ethylenic polymers can be irradiated at ambient conditions sufficient to introduce branching in the polymer in the absence of detectable cross-linking as indicated by the absence of gels. The irradiated linear ethylenic polymer is compatible with highly branched low density polyethylene and, when mixed therewith, produces a resin having a single broad based melting temperature range as determined by direct scanning calorimetry, which indicates that the polymers in the mixture have similar crystallization behavior suitable for producing low density foams by extrusion foaming. The linear polymers can be obtained from recycled shrink wrap film. Low densities of from 0.7 to less than 4 pcf can be achieved. The foams typically have improved tear resistance as compared to previous products prepared from low density polyethylene, at comparable low densities.

Abstract: A water-repellent composition for foaming process of a hydrophobic textile, comprising (A) a dispersion of a fluorine-containing polymer, (B) a foaming agent, and (C) a wetting agent is suitable for water-repellent treatment of the hydrophobic textile and can give easy generation of sufficient foaming.

Abstract: Disclosed are formulations adapted to form a foamed cementitious composition, the foamed cementitious composition itself, a method of forming a hydraulic binder foam, and a method of conveying and applying the resulting foam to a substrate. A pumpable cementitious slurry is formed, the slurry is mixed with a gas such as air, and is subjected to mechanically created turbulence to generate gas bubbles and create a foam, which preferably is stabilized by a foam stabilizing agent such as polyvinyl alcohol present in the slurry. The foam is then conveyed to a nozzle or other suitable dispense point from which it is applied, for example sprayed, preferably uniformly, onto a substrate to be coated. Prior to dispensing, a set accelerator is preferably injected, which causes the foam to gel, which in turn improves the hangability of the product on a substrate. The spray material adheres to the substrate and hardens to form an insulative coating on the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is substantially spherical porous beads of an aromatic polyether ketone resin, which have an average particle diameter of 50 to 5,000 &mgr;m and a porosity of 40 to 99%. Also disclosed is a method for producing porous beads, which comprises: mixing, while heating, an aromatic polyether ketone resin with a sol vent capable of dissolving the resin to thereby obtain a resin solution; dispersing the resin solution in a liquid dispersion medium which is incapable of dissolving the resin and is non-miscible with the solvent, to thereby obtain a dispersion having the resin solution dispersed therein in the form of globules; cooling the dispersion while maintaining the dispersed form of the resin solution in the liquid dispersion medium, to thereby solidify the resin in the resin solution; and separating the solidified resin from a mixture of the solvent and the liquid dispersion medium, thereby obtaining substantially spherical porous beads of the aromatic polyether ketone resin.

Abstract: A process for forming certain aqueous polymeric dispersions including a first emulsion polymer having an average particle diameter of 150 to 3000 nanometers and a second emulsion polymer having an average particle diameter of 40 to 600 nanometers where at least the first emulsion polymer particles, when dry, contain at least one void is provided. Also provided are the aqueous polymeric dispersions made by the process and paper or paperboard coatings and paints including the aqueous polymeric dispersions.

Abstract: A method of production is provided which is capable of efficiently producing in a very short period of time a porous polymer possessing a uniform foam structure and truly excelling in absorption properties and physical properties. It is a method for the production of a porous polymer, characterized by comprising (a) an emulsifying step for forming a water-in-oil type high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) by mixing and stirring an oil phase containing a polymerizing monomer component and a surfactant as essential components, (b) a shaping step for shaping the HIPE in a specific form, and (c) a polymerizing step for polymerizing the shaped HIPE and controlling the temperatures of the emulsion at the component steps (a)-(c) so that they may not produce a change exceeding 10° C. or controlling all the component steps so that they may proceed at temperatures of not lower than 80° C.

Abstract: This invention provides a polymer polyol composition (I) comprising a polyol (A) and polymer particles (B) dispersed in (A), the polymer particles (B) being formed by polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated compound (b) in a polyol, wherein the content of (B) in (I) is from 35 to 75 mass %, based on the mass of (I), and the amount of soluble polymers (P) dissolved in (A) is not more than 5 mass %, based on the mass of (A), and provides methods for producing the polymer polyol composition (I). Further, this invention provides a method for producing a foamed or non-foamed polyurethane resin, which method comprises reacting a polyol component with a polyisocyanate component in the presence or absence of a blowing agent, wherein the above polymer polyol composition is used at least as a portion of the polyol component.

Abstract: A durable, conformable, absorbent, hydrophilic, polymeric latex foam composition having a free absorbent capacity of at least 5 grams of a 0.9 weight percent aqueous saline solution per gram of foam and capable of vertically wicking said aqueous saline solution to a height of greater than about 5 cm. In a preferred embodiment, after compression, the latex foam composition remains thin until wet, whereupon it expands and exhibits a high free absorbent capacity and high vertical wicking height.

Abstract: A durable, conformable, absorbent, hydrophilic, polymeric latex foam composition having a free absorbent capacity of at least 5 grams of a 0.9 weight percent aqueous saline solution per gram of foam and capable of vertically wicking said aqueous saline solution to a height of greater than about 5 cm. In a preferred embodiment, after compression, the latex foam composition remains thin until wet, whereupon it expands and exhibits a high free absorbent capacity and high vertical wicking height.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a knitted textile material that, when transfer or film-coated, is suitable for use as an artificial leather substrate. The inventive procedure involves (a) producing an elastomer composition of at least four ingredients (an anionically-stabilized waterborne polymer dispersion, an acid-generating chemical, a cloud-point surfactant, and a foam-stabilizing surfactant); (b) incorporating sufficient gas into the liquid mixture to generate a spreadable foam; (c) applying the foam onto a porous knitted textile substrate; (d) heating said foamed fabric until the elastomer coagulates over the fabric substrate; and (e) drying the resultant composite without destroying the coagulated structure. The resultant composite obtains a pliability, compressibility, and drape that is similar to that of leather and a surface that is suitable for transfer or film-coating to produce artificial leather.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a latex with modified surface chemistry, which may be obtained by carrying out a free-radical emulsion polymerization in the presence of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer or at least one polymer containing residual ethylenically unsaturated bonds,of at least one free-radical polymerization initiator,of at least one water-soluble and/or water-dispersible monoblock, diblock or triblock polymer comprising at its end an active group capable of forming a radical, chosen from dithioesters, xanthates, thioether-thiones and diothiocarbamates. The invention similarly relates to redispersible powders that may be obtained by drying the said latices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of styrene polymers containing water as expanding agent by suspension polymerization of styrene in the presence of an emulsifying auxiliary, the suspending agent being a mixture of water and an organic liquid which is water-miscible and which is virtually a non-solvent for polystyrene and has a boiling point below 100° C.

Abstract: A beaded polymeric adsorbent has a core part; a shell part arranged around the core part, with one of the parts having a lipophilic property and another of the parts having a hydrophilic property, and is produced by preparing an organic phase composed of water insoluble monounsaturated and poly unsaturated comonomers; preparing an aqueous phase composed of a mixture of water soluble monounsaturated and polyunsaturated comonomers; forming a dispersion of the organic phase and the aqueous phase in a single vessel; and creating conditions for first polymerizing of one of the phases which forms the core part and thereafter polymerizing the other of the phases which forms the shell part.

Abstract: A microbiological fire-fighting foam formulation which comprises a bioremediating component and a surfactant, the bioremediating component consisting substantially of sporulating bacteria which are tolerant of the surfactant used. The surfactant selected being innocuous to the bioremediating component used both when the microbes are in a spore state and when activated, and the selected surfactants further being biodegradable by the microbes of the microbial solution. An improved embodiment comprises a fluorinated film forming foam surfactant to increase the fire fighting capabilities while retaining bioremediation capabilities. The improved formulation enables microbiological digestion to inert volatile organic compounds and hydrocarbons of the formulation or of the fuel for the fire that may be ablaze when the formulation is applied.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing composite thermal insulating systems using an organic adhesive or filler material serving as an adhesive for insulating boards to be attached to a facade or as a filler material for evening out facade unevenness prior to attaching the insulating boards or for producing a reinforcing layer on the attached insulating boards. The adhesive or filler material is foamed prior to its use.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided stabilized total nutrient admixture (TNA) compositions which are useful for the in vivo parenteral delivery of pharmacologically acceptable lipids or fats, as well as methods for the preparation thereof. In particular, the pharmacologically acceptable lipid or fat is contained within a protein walled shell. In a particular embodiment of the invention, a TNA composition using human serum albumin (HSA) as a stabilizer has been prepared as a convenient three-in-one formulation (i.e., containing a fat emulsion, dextrose, and amino acids plus electrolytes). This “three-in-one” formulation can be prepared in liquid form or in dry form (comprising submicron-sized nanoparticles). The dried material is stable, even under long term storage, and is easily reconstituted immediately before use by simply adding sterile water (with or without vitamin supplementation) This serves to rehydrate the powder into a TNA suitable for injection.

Abstract: A coating composition for fabrics includes wetted microspheres containing a phase change material dispersed throughout a polymer binder, a surfactant, a dispersant, an antifoam agent and a thickener. Preferred phase change materials include paraffinic hydrocarbons. The microspheres may be microencapsulated. To prepare the coating composition, microspheres containing phase change material are wetted and dispersed in a dispersion in a water solution containing a surfactant, a dispersant, an antifoam agent and a polymer mixture. The coating is then applied to a fabric.

Abstract: A process for bonding filament with aqueous based polyethylene terephthalate or polyurethane bonding agents via a foam delivery system is disclosed. The process includes the steps of: (a) providing a filament; (b) providing a foam prepared by foaming a solution comprising an agent selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate or polyurethane bonding agents; (c) applying a foam to said filament; and (d) drying and curing said filament.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of forming a foam product, comprising the steps of forming a layer of uncured polymeric foam; applying to the layer of uncured foam a layer of bubble pack, such that the bubbles that extend outwardly from the bubble pack at least partially penetrate into the uncured foam; and curing the layer of uncured polymeric foam. Products made by the process are also disclosed.

Abstract: A porous film having high strength, homogeneous porous structure, and excellent affinity for electrolytic solutions and suitable for use as a separator for batteries and capacitors; a process for producing the film; and a battery and capacitor each employing the porous film as a separator. The porous film comprises a resin composition including from 70 to 99.9% by weight of an high molecular weight polyolefin resin and from 0.1 to 30% by weight of a polymer having a polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, poly (ethylene oxide), poly (propylene oxide), poly(ethylene propylene oxide), polyphosphazene, poly(vinyl ether) or polysiloxane structure as or in a main chain and having a chain oligo (alkylene oxide) structure in side chains.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a porous matrix-type drug delivery system is provided. It comprises the steps of: dispersing, stirring, and emulsifying an aqueous solution of a drug in an organic solvent having a polymer compound and a surface active agent solved therein; thereafter forming it into a desirable matrix shape; lyophilizing or drying it at a low temperature or room temperature until the matrix surface is hardened; and drying it again in order to remove the water and the organic solvent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preparing a photochromic latex, photochromic thin films obtained therefrom, and articles coated with such thin films, in particular photochromic ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: An aqueous polymer dispersion comprises rubber particles and polymer particles having a reinforcing action.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a water-soluble foam matrix which is capable of delivering an active ingredient and articles of manufacture comprising said foam matrix, said article comprising:

Abstract: A conductive quasi-solution useful for making a homogeneously conductive single-phase polyurethane, comprising a transition metal salt, a carrier solution, and a dispersing agent, wherein said conductive quasi-solution has a transition metal salt concentration between 10 and 30% by weight, and methods of making thermoset and thermoplastic polyurethane polymers therewith.

Abstract: Stable foam caulk, sealant and insulation compositions are disclosed. These compositions comprise aqueous emulsions of film forming polymers in combination with microfibers. The preferred film forming polymers and the microfibers include functional groups capable of forming bonds, particularly hydrogen bonds, between these components. In another aspect of the invention, the compositions include a high temperature foam stabilizer, such as a high molecular weight fatty alcohols, having melting points greater than about 110° F.

Abstract: Stable foam caulk, sealant and insulation compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise solid, waxy non-ionic lipophilic surfactants having low HLB values. These surfactants, upon foamed dispensing of the composition, provide stable support for bubbles formed from drying of a latex emulsion of a film forming polymer and a volatile liquid hydrocarbon propellant. In addition to use in caulking, sealant or insulation methods, the composition can be used to form artificial terrains and other hardenable structural surfaces as backgrounds or support means for hobbies, crafts, and the like.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof for increasing the degree of whiteness in finished polyvinyl chloride foam. The resin compositions contain sulfur compounds selected from sulfonic acid derivatives, sulfinic acid derivatives, and mercapto acetic acid sodium salt, and optionally contain water soluble salts and/or t-butyl hydroperoxide.

Abstract: Aqueous agricultural foam marker compositions for delineating treated from untreated areas comprise a foamable composition of an anionic surfactant which is an &agr;-olefin sulfonate and/or an alkyl ether sulfate, a linear C12-16 alkanol, a foam stabilizing polymer, and one or more solvents. The foams produced from the foamable compositions have increased foam life, enhanced wind resistance, and are producable over a wide range of soft/hard water conditions.

Abstract: Pre-expanded particles of polyolefin resin having less fluctuation in expansion ratio, uniform particle size and low expansion ratio are provided without using any volatile foaming agent. The low expansion ratio means 2 to 10 times, preferably 3 to 8 times. Resin particles to be released are uniformly contacted with saturated vapor at the time of pre-expanding polyolefin resin particles by dispersing the resin particles into an aqueous dispersion medium in a closed vessel, heating the resin particles to temperature of at least the softening point of the polyolefin resin and releasing the particles from the closed vessel into an atmosphere of lower pressure than the inner pressure of the closed vessel.

Abstract: Aqueous agricultural foam marker compositions for delineating treated from untreated areas comprise foamable compositions of an anionic surfactant which is an &bgr;-olefin sulfonate, an alkyl or alkyl-ether sulfate, a long chain alkylbenzene sulfonate or a sulfosuccinate; a linear C14 or C16 alkanol or mixtures thereof; one or more solvents; and optionally a foam stabilizing polymer. The foam produced from the compositions have increased foam life, a pour point of 10° C. or lower, and are producable over a wide range of soft/hard water conditions.

Abstract: A silicone rubber sponge composition, a silicone rubber sponge, and a process for making a silicone rubber sponge. The silicone rubber sponge composition comprises (A) 100 parts by weight of an organopolysiloxane gum described by average structural unit RaSiO(4−a)/2, where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical or haloalkyl and a is 1.95 to 2.05, (B) 1 to 400 parts by weight of an inorganic filler, (C) 0.01 to 50 parts by weight hollow thermoplastic resin particles (D) a mixture of (a) water-soluble silicone and (b) water in an amount such that the water in the mixture is equivalent to 0.01 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of component (A), and (E) a curing agent in an amount sufficient to cure the composition.

Abstract: A silicone rubber sponge composition, a silicone rubber sponge, and a process for production thereof. The silicone rubber sponge composition comprises (A) 100 parts by weight organopolysiloxane gum described by average structural unit RaSiO(4−a)/2, where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group or haloalkyl and a is 1.8 to 2.3 and having a viscosity at 25° C. of 1,000,000 mPa·s or above, (B) 1 to 400 parts by weight inorganic filler, (C) 0.01 to 50 parts by weight hollow thermoplastic resin particles, (D) 0.01 to 10 parts by weight a water-in-oil emulsion with silicone oil an oil phase, and (E) a curing agent in an amount sufficient to cure the composition.

Abstract: The invention concerns a porous material, a method for making same and its applications. Said porous material comprises a mixture of cellulose fibres and at least an elastomer and is characterised in that it has a honeycomb structure having cells with a size ranging between 0.1 and 10 mm, a density of the order of 0.03 to 0.1, water absorbing capacity not less than 750%, and water holding capacity after manual wringing less than 100%. The invention is applicable for making in particular sponges and household goods comprising a spongy element such as brushes and squeegees for cleaning surfaces.

Abstract: Stable foam caulk, sealant and insulation compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise a waxy, solid foam stabilizer and a liquid lithophilic surfactant having low HLB value of about 3-14. The foam stabilizer provides stable support for bubbles formed from the drying of the latex emulsion of film forming polymer, and the volatile liquid hydrocarbon propellant. In addition to the use in caulking sealant or insulation methods, the compositions can be used to form artificial terrains or other hardenable structural surfaces as backgrounds or support means for hobbies, crafts and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing crosslinked polyester formed-goods characterized by adding 0.005˜10 weight part of organic peroxides against 100 weight part of polyester or polyester mixture.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a method for the production of a porous material by polymerizing a water-in-oil type high internal phase emulsion in a briefer time than a conventional technique without impairing the stability of the emulsion. The object of this invention can be accomplished by a method for the production of a porous material comprising a step of polymerizing a water-in-oil type high internal phase emulsion containing a polymerization initiator, wherein the polymerization initiator is a redox type initiator combining an oil-soluble oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, either of the oil-soluble oxidizing agent or the reducing agent is preparatorily added to form the emulsion, and thereafter the remainder of the reducing agent or the oil-soluble oxidizing agent is added to the emulsion to polymerize the added emulsion.

Abstract: Aqueous spray-resistant and pourable foams (S), produced by mechanical foaming of corresponding aqueous compositions (W), wherein the aqueous phase contains (A) a curable polymer system, which consists of (U) an ionomeric polyurethane or a mixture of ionomeric polyurethanes and optionally (P) one or more further polymers curable at least together with (U), and (B) at least one foam-stabilizer and the liter-weight of (S) at 20° C. and normal pressure is in the range of 400 to 700 g, are eminently suitable for foam-coating of corresponding substrates, in particular of leather.

Abstract: A silicone rubber sponge composition, a silicone rubber sponge, and a process for making a silicone rubber sponge. The silicone rubber sponge composition comprises (A) 100 parts by weight of an organopolysiloxane gum described by average structural unit RaSiO(4−a)/2, where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical or haloalkyl and a is 1.95 to 2.05, (B) 1 to 400 parts by weight of an inorganic filler, (C) 0.01 to 50 parts by weight hollow thermoplastic resin particles (D) a mixture of (a) water-soluble silicone and (b) water in an amount such that the water in the mixture is equivalent to 0.01 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of component (A), and (E) a curing agent in an amount sufficient to cure the composition.

Abstract: Stable foam caulk, sealant and insulation compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise solid, waxy non-ionic lipophilic surfactants having low HLB values. These surfactants, upon foamed dispensing of the composition, provide stable support for bubbles formed from drying of a latex emulsion of a film forming polymer and a volatile liquid hydrocarbon propellant. In addition to use in caulking, sealant or insulation methods, the composition can be used to form artificial terrains and other hardenable structural surfaces as backgrounds or support means for hobbies, crafts, and the like.

Abstract: A process for producing an aqueous-based foamed polysaccharide is presented. The process involves combining a polysaccharide, a foam generator and water, then applying energy to the combination to produce a foamed adhesive.

Abstract: A process producing a foamed water-based adhesive is presented involving forming a foamable adhesive composition containing a polysaccharide modified with an alkyl succinic anhydride and then applying energy to said foamable adhesive composition to produce an adhesive foam.

Abstract: This invention is targeted at providing a method for producing a porous cross-linked polymer material excelling in absorption properties and mechanical strength in a short period of time. In the production of a porous cross-linked polymer material from an HIPE, the method of this invention is characterized by comprising a step of polymerizing the HIPE till the bromine value thereof falls to not more than 25% of the value existing prior to the polymerization and a subsequent step of after curing the porous cross-linked polymer material by means of an active energy ray or a temperature higher than the polymerization temperature.

Abstract: A process for preparing multi-stage emulsion polymers is provided. The process is capable of producing multi-stage emulsion polymers having low dry-bulk density. These polymers are useful in coating compositions such as paints and paper coatings.