Abstract: A binder composition for producing articles of bonded particulate material such as foundry moulds or cones comprises an alkaline aqueous solution of a resol phenol-aldehyde resin and an oxyanion capable of forming a stable complex with the resin the amount of alkali present in the solution being sufficient to substantially prevent stable complex formation. Bonded articles are produced from mixtures of particulate material and the binder composition by passing carbon dioxide gas through the formed articles whereby the oxyanion forms a stable complex with the resin and the resin is cured. The oxyanion may be for example borate, stannate or aluminate.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising:a polymer latex containing a copolymer which comprises(a) 40 to 80% by weight of a conjugated diene monomer and(b) 0.5 to 30% by weight of a cyanated vinyl monomer,(c) 5 to 35% by weight of vinylpyridine and(d) not more than 53% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer; anda resorcin-formalin resin, which composition can adhere various fibers to rubbers.

Abstract: Plastic containing small amounts of titanium dioxide and, if appropriate, carbon black and an additive which reduces the tracking resistance, for the production of laser-writable mouldings.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyoxymethylene-polyurethane type alloy, which comprises allowing a polyisocyanate compound, a short chain polyol with a molecular weight of 62 to 350, a long chain polyol with a number-average molecular weight of 400 to 5,000, and optionally additives to react with each other in the presence of at least one or polyoxymethylene polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of lithium ion-generating alkalizing agents in resole binder compositions useful for bonding aggregate materials to form refractory articles. Use of lithium-ion generating alkalizing agents produce resole resin binder compositions which, when cured by an ester functional curing agent, exhibit tensile and compression strengths superior to strengths obtained from compositions using sodium ion-generating or potassium ion-generating alkalizing agents.

Abstract: Improved high temperature resistant molding materials containing customary filler materials and additives and a carbon forming bonding agent which is a phenol novolac with a molar ratio of phenol to formaldehyde of 1 to 0.2 to 1 to 0.35 of high quality and free of solvents useful as refractory products, carbon materials, abrasive wheels, friction lining and the like.

Abstract: Porous shaped phenolic resin articles are made by partially curing a phenolic resin to a solid, comminuting the resin, forming into a predetermined shape, and sintering. Porous shaped carbon articles are made by carbonizing the sintered material.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are used for reducing the permeability of high fluid permeability segments of underground strata, the compositions being injected into the high permeability segments in liquid form and there gelled to reduce the permeability of the segments. A first group of compositions has a pH of at least 4 and comprises a sulfited derivative of a tannin extract together with furfural, formaldehyde or a formaldehyde derivative. The second group of compositions comprises furfural and a gellable vegetable material which can be a tannin extract, a sulfited derivative of a tannin extract, a catechin, an alkaline extract of a coniferous bark or a lignin or sulfonated lignin derivative.

Abstract: An alkoxy-modified phenolic resole resin providing an improved binder for foundry cores and molds. The resin has predominantly ortho-ortho benzylic ether bridges joining the phenolic nuclei in the resin and at least one alkoxymethylene group for every 20 phenolic nuclei.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing a printing-ink stock. According to the invention, a solid and oxidation-sensitive thermoplastic resin binder and a pigment are supplied to an extruder and combined therein to form a pigment dispersion. In an end zone of the extruder and/or shortly after discharge from the extruder, a liquid diluent is added to the pigment dispersion to produce a more or less viscous, liquid, stabilized product. The invention also relates to a printing ink produced from the product so obtained.

Abstract: A sonic window suitable for use in sonar applications wherein an elastomer such as natural or synthetic natural rubbers, a low air entrapping fiber or fibril used for reinforcement, fillers, and thermosetting resins are formed into desired window configuration. The low air entrapment associated with the fiber or fibrils produces a remarkably sonicly transparent window.

Abstract: Crosslinked organic resins, containing SiO.sub.2 and sulphonic acid groups, having an SiO.sub.2 content of 0.1-10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the SiO.sub.2 -containing resins, are prepared by steeping crosslinked organic resins, containing sulphonic acid groups, in the alkali form in aqueous alkali metal silicate solutions or (quaternary) alkylammonium silicate solutions, and subsequently precipitating the SiO.sub.2 using mineral acid, and simultaneously converting the resin into the H.sup.+ form. These resins can be used as acid catalysts in the cleavage of tert.-alkyl ethers into the basic tertiary olefins and the basic alkanols. This use has proven particularly advantageous when the tert.-alkyl alkyl ethers to be cleaved are employed together with water for the cleavage.

Abstract: Phenolic molding compositions, particularly useful as sheet molding compounds comprise:(a) a resole phenolic resin,(b) a curing agent selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal oxides or hydroxides and silanes,(c) a filler,(d) a lactone such as butyrolactone, and(e) a fiber reinforcement.

Abstract: The described development is directed to a coating formulation for filling surface irregularities in graphite articles such as molds, crucibles, and matched die sets used in high-temperature metallurgical operations. The coating formulation of the present invention is formed of carbon black flour, thermosetting resin and a solvent for the resin. In affixing the coating to the article, the solvent is evaporated, the resin cured to bond the coating to the surface of the article and then pyrolyzed to convert the resin to carbon. Upon completion of the pyrolysis step, the coating is shaped and polished to provide the article with a surface restoration that is essentially similar to the original or desired surface finish without the irregularity.

Abstract: Novel phenolic molding compositions comprise (1) a resole phenolic resin, (2) an alkaline earth metal hydroxide or oxide, and/or a silane compound, and (3) a mixture of clay and talc fillers and/or microballoons. The composition also generally contains a mold release agent, and a silane coupling agent. The alkaline earth metal hydroxide or oxide is preferably calcium and/or magnesium hydroxide or oxide. A mixture of the calcium and magnesium compounds is most preferred. The foregoing molding compositions are applied to glass fibers or filaments to provide compositions useful in sheet molding compound processes, pultrusion processes, filament winding, and continuous laminating processes, as well as in ram injection molding and transfer molding.

Abstract: A novel organofunctional silane for use in binding agent compositions employed in foundry sands and the cores and molds made therefrom. The novel organofunctional silane is characterized in that it contains at least one sterically hindered hydrocarbon group and has attached to the silicon atom a nitrogen containing group via a carbon-silicon bond.

Abstract: The invention relates to pasty pigment formulations of pigments of the arylpararosanilinesulfonic acid series, which are free of aromatics-containing mineral oils and are suitable for preparing printing inks, in particular letterpress and offset printing inks. The pigment formulations are obtainable by flushing aqueous presscakes of the pigments by means of the solution of a flushing resin in aromatics-free mineral oil and preparing the flushed paste obtained with an oil- or fatty-acid modified alkyd resin.

Abstract: A process for preparing modified phenolic resole resins providing improved binders for refractories and foundry cores and molds. The resins are prepared by treating a phenol with a molar excess of aldehyde in the presence of an alkaline catalyst followed by further reaction at a pH below 7 in the presence of a catalyst which promotes formation of ortho-ortho benzylic ether bridges between the phenolic nuclei.

Abstract: Refractory shaped articles are prepared by heating refractory mixes comprised of refractory particles and an alkoxy modified phenolic resole resin having at least one alkoxy methylene group for every 20 phenolic hydroxyl groups.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of random-fiber thermoset composite sheets by employing a latent curing agent thermoset resin formulation or a coreactant thermoset system such that uncured thermoset composite sheets are formed which can be subsequently formed and cured into articles of manufacture.

Abstract: There is provided a method for preparing cured moulded article of a predetermined density of from 1.66 to 9.0 which comprises selecting the resin and determining it % weight loss and % porosity under the curing conditions for the selected resin, then selecting a high density filler and a low density filler and resolving the equation: ##EQU1## wherein K is the desired density of the end product and has a value of from 1.66 to 9.0; HD is the density of the selected high density substantially water-insoluble material and has a value of above 3.2; ID is the density of the selected medium density substantially water-insoluble material and has a value of from 1.5 to 3.2; R is the density of the cured binding resin and has a value between 0.8 to 1.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making a particulate agent stable to hydrolysis based on free-flowing, pulverulent ammonium polyphosphate by treating the ammonium polyphosphate with a thermosetting, artificial resin being water-insoluble when cured. More specifically, the disclosure provides for the ammonium polyphosphate, an aliphatic alcohol as a diluent, and a melamine/formaldehyde-resin or phenol/formaldehyde-resin to be placed in an autoclave and intimately mixed at room temperature; for the mixture to be heated to a temperature of about 80.degree. to about 180.degree. C. and allowed to remain over a period of 15 to 240 minutes at that temperature and under the pressure corresponding to the vapor pressure of the diluent; for the diluent to be separated and for the product so obtained to be dried.

Abstract: The moldable composition disclosed herein comprises co-reacted mixtures of powder or otherwise blendable form of 20-80% by weight of a phenolic-furfuraldehyde Novolac resin and of 20-80% by weight of a phenolic-aldehyde resol resin in water, either in solution or suspension, the percentages being based on the combined weight of the Novolac and resol resins, and the aldehyde in said Novolac resin comprising at least 50 molar percent, preferably substantially 100 percent, furfuraldehyde. The composition contains an amine such as hexamethylenetetramine ("hexa") in an amount equivalent to 1-15%, preferably 2-10% of hexamethylenetetramine based on the total amount of phenolic component. The composition is made by adding the preformed phenol-furfuraldehyde Novolac to the resol resin prior to dehydration of the resol resin to produce a grafted polymerization product of improved properties.

Abstract: A phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde resin and a method for making the same. In this method phenol and formaldehyde at an initial pH of 8.5 to 9.2 are reacted in the presence of a sodium sulfite catalyst. The reaction mixture is heated and refluxed until it has a viscosity of u-v on the Gardner bubble test. Additional resorcinol is added to the mixture and refluxing is continued until it has a viscosity of 30 to 100 Garner sections. The reaction mixture is diluted with a water miscible solvent to obtain a resin solution having a solids content of about 40 to 60 percent by weight and a viscosity of 2.0 to 3.5 poise. An alkali metal carbonate material in the amount of 4 to 8 percent by weight of the resin is added to make adhesives including this resin fast curing. Fumed silica is also added to the resin solution by means of high shear apparatus to make the solution thixotropic.

Abstract: A resin composition comprising(I) a granular or powdery resin which is a condensation product of a phenol, an aldehyde and optionally a nitrogen-containing compound having at least two active hydrogens and is characterized by (A) containing spherical primary particles and their secondary agglomerated particles each having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 150 microns, (B) having such a size that at least 50% by weight thereof can pass through a 100 Tyler mesh sieve, and (C) having a free phenol content, determined by liquid chromatography, of not more than 500 ppm, and(II) at least one member selected from the group consisting of (1) a rubbery elastic material, (2) a thermoplastic resin and (3) a curable resin other than said granular or powdery resin (I) and/or a filler material other than said granular or powdery resin (I).

Abstract: In a process for hardening phenol-formaldehyde resol resins, comprising conducting the hardening of the resins with an acidic solution of water and/or an organic solvent having dissolved therein an aromatic sulphonic acid and/or concentrated sulphuric acid, the improvement comprising the hardening in the presence of aniline added to the phenolic resin beforehand in a quantity of between about 0.5 and 2% relative to the weight of the phenolic resin whereby the pot life is extended and the cure time is satisfactory, the resultant products being especially useful as prepegs.

Abstract: A refractory composition or mixture utilizing basic aggregates is disclosed which does not discolor when a phenolic binder is used, and provides improved flexural strength. The composition contains specific proportions of phenolic resin and a compound having a pKa of less than 9.5 at 25.degree. C. and basic aggregates.

Abstract: A housing for electrical or electronic equipment is made by moulding under heat a composition comprising an organic thermosetting resin which includes exfoliated graphite in an amount which is enough to impart to the moulded article an electrical resistivity not greater than 10 ohm-cm.The housing has an excellent capacity to reduce the level of electromagnetic radiation emitted by equipment within it and to shield electronic equipment from external electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: An essentially linear polyester oligomer having hydroxyl and carboxyl terminal groups for subsequent cure and its production are disclosed. This polyester oligomer is produced by first adducting approximately equimolar amounts of diol carrying two primary hydroxyl groups and a dicarboxylic acid anhydride to form an hydroxy acid. The carboxyl groups of this hydroxy acid are then esterified by reaction with an approximately stoichiometric proportion of diol carrying one primary hydroxyl group and one secondary hydroxyl group, the stoichiometry being based on the total hydroxyl content of the diol and the carboxyl content of the hydroxy acid, to form an hydroxyl-terminated oligomer. This hydroxyl-terminated oligomer is then adducted with a polycarboxylic acid monoanhydride having a carboxyl functionality of at least 3, this monoanhydride being used in an amount of 0.01 to 0.15 equivalents of anhydride per hydroxyl equivalent in the hydroxyl-terminated oligomer.

Abstract: An impregnating composition for warp free laminates, is made from the diluted reaction mixture of: a phenolic component selected from at least one of phenol, resol, xylenol, resorcinol, naphthol; alkyl substituted phenol, where alkyl contains from 4 to 13 carbon atoms; and aldehyde.

Abstract: Phenolic insulators for blast tubes of rocket motors are disclosed. The insulators are rigid, low density bodies comprising 100 parts by weight crosslinked phenolic resin in which are dispersed finely divided inorganic particulate and fibrous reinforcement selected from carbon fiber, polyaramide pulp and combinations thereof. Compounding these rigid bodies is also disclosed, the compounding including forming a molding crumb containing the aforesaid ingredients.

Abstract: An ink composition for use in ink-jet printing to print images on a substrate, the composition being formulated to include, as the resin component, a phenolic resole resin and, as the primary solvent, a lower alkanol. The composition is also formulated to contain a pigment or soluble basic dye, a resistivity control agent preferably in the form of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, an evaporation retardant, and a modifying resin. The use of a phenolic resole resin which is capable of undergoing cure on evaporation of the solvent provides a printed image having improved adherence to various printing substrates and can be formulated and dissolved in less toxic, lower alkanol solvents.

Abstract: A catalytic system for furan resin is disclosed, comprising mixtures of a sulfonic acid with urea salts of the respective sulfonic acid. By varying the acid:salt ratio of the catalytic system, the working time of the furan resin may be controlled as desired.

Abstract: A heat resistant resin produced by reacting (A) a polyamideimide resin with (B) an alcohol component and (C) an acid component with heating is soluble in a cresol type solvent and gives coatings excellent in heat resistance, thermal shock resistance, wear resistance, resistance to hydrolysis, etc., suitable for enamelled wire.

Abstract: A foundry molding composition comprising,(a) a granular refractory material;(b) about 0.8 to 5.0% of an alkaline phenolic resin based on the weight of the refractory material;(c) about 25 to 110% of a lactone based on the weight of the phenolic resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to a powdered phenolic resin composition suitable for the production of dry processed resinbonded felt. The phenolic resin composition imparts a good release of the felt from the heated platen or belt and has a rapid cure rate. The powdered phenolic composition is composed of a novolac type phenolic resin, or a mixture of novolac and resole type with an aromatic carboxylic acid as an additive. The resin mixture has a bulk density of 0.29-0.36 gm/cm.sup.3, and contains 0.3-5 parts by weight of the aromatic carboxylic acid to 100 parts by weight of phenolic resin. Said aromatic carboxylic acid has the formulaR--Ar--COOHwhereinR is selected from hydrogen, hydroxy or alkoxy groups, andAr is selected from phenyl, phenylalkenyl or phenylalkyl groups.

Abstract: Binders for foundry core sand and other binder applications are produced from acetophenone.

Abstract: This invention relates to storage stable, solvent-free thermosetting polyurethane-based molding compositions which contain a fibrous reinforcing material, to a process for their production and to the production of fiber-reinforced moldings using these molding compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wood modifying composition comprising the following components taken in percent by mass:______________________________________ phenol-furfural-formaldehyde resin 72.0 to 94.0 catalyst 0.8 to 1.5 stabilizing agent 0.5 to 1.5 organic solvent the balance to 100.

Abstract: Compositions for forming carbon-containing refractory brick or shape comprising a refractory filler, a binder for said filler and a hardening agent for said binder, said binder comprising a mixture of polymers formed by the homopolymerization of resorcinol. Compositions for forming a carbon-containing refractory brick or shape as above described are also disclosed in which a basic refractory filler is employed and hardening agents are unnecessary. Methods of forming carbon-containing refractory brick or shape are also disclosed involving milling of a dry binder comprising a mixture of polymers formed by the homopolymerization of resorcinol with the refractory filler or mixture of a solution of such a binder material with the refractory filler, either of which may be conducted at ambient temperature.

Abstract: A glass batch, and a fiberizable glass composition, comprising 2 percent B.sub.2 O.sub.3 is disclosed. The glass fibers have improved dry strength and water durability and have a surface boron concentration, in weight percent, of about 2.5.

Abstract: Product usable for manufacturing industrial articles such as friction linings for clutches and brakes. This product comprises a fine fibrous steel powder having a loose density of 0.2 to 1.5 g/c.c. with a carbon content of 0.95 to 1.10% by weight, the chromium content by weight ranging from 1.30% to 1.60%. The powder has a micrographic structure which, when observed in a plane intersecting a metal particle, shows a fine distribution of iron and chromium spherular carbides having the formula (Fe, Cr).sub.3 C in a mixed high-strength martensite and deformable austenite matrix.

Abstract: A composition for producing surface layers on wood or other substrates is formed from diatomite, expanded perlite, chopped glass fibers and a thermosettable resin mixed in specified amounts to provide a flowable mixture. When applied to the substrate as a layer about 1 to 2 cms. thick and the resin component has cured, a tough, impact-resistant, watertight surface is created on the substrate. The new compositions and surfacing methods are particuarly useful for refinishing the hulls of wooden boats.

Abstract: A "cold-processed" thermoset plastic pencil lead is produced by extruding a composition formed by blending a mixture of a marking material, a phenolic novolac resin, a hardening agent, a plasticizer, and a lubricant. Blending, billeting, and extruding operations are performed at material temperatures that, in general, do not exceed about 200.degree. F. The extrudate is cured at higher temperatures of, for example, 260.degree. F. to 325.degree. F.

Abstract: Process of binding aggregates by mixing aggregates with resin binder and vacuum-activated catalyst, applying a partial vacuum to the mixture to activate the catalyst, and curing the binder.

Abstract: Glass fiber sizing compositions and methods of making same and glass fibers containing dried residue of the sizing composition are provided that yield improved efficiencies, reduced migration, reduction in drying conditions, reduced cleaning time and improved housekeeping. The sizing composition, method and glass fiber strand involves the use of a high solids sizing composition having a water solubilized, condensation, cross-linkable, unsaturated polyester resin having free carboxyl groups either pendant or terminal or pendant and terminal and an amino-containing silane and an amount of water to yield a sizing composition having an amount of total solids in the range of about 18 to about 40 weight percent. In addition, other additives can be included in the sizing composition such as additional polyester resins, additional coupling agents, thermoplastic polymers, anti-static agents, film-former modifiers, wetting agents, stabilizers and lubricants.

Abstract: A railroad brake shoe composition free of fiber reinforcement comprising, in percent by weight:Phenolic Resin Binder: 1-15%Carbonaceous Component: 30-60%Organic Component: 15-30%Inorganic Component: 5-35%Friction Modifiers: 1-15%Additives: 1-7%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a particulate agent based on a free-flowing pulverulent ammonium polyphosphate for impeding the combustibility of combustible substances, the agent containing(a) about 75 to 99.9 weight % of ammonium polyphosphate and(b) about 0.1 to 25 weight % of a hardened, water-insoluble phenol resin (phenol/formaldehyde-resin) enveloping the individual ammonium polyphosphate particles.

Abstract: Binder Compositions comprising a solution of furan foundry binders in an alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon solvent result in a more cost efficient binder. The cost efficiency is achieved without significant loss of physical properties of the foundry cores and molds which are formed using the binder. In instances the binder compositions of this invention exhibit improved physical properties.

Abstract: A granular composition is provided that is especially useful for the preparation of foundry cores and molds. Incorporated in the composition is a novel resin binder that imparts rapid curing properties to the composition.