Abstract: A dental material comprising a hardenable resin, a non-heavy metal oxide particle and a heavy metal oxide. The dental materials can be radiopaque, strong, translucent, or resistant to toothbrush abrasion, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a nanocomposite material based on a polymeric matrix and a layered double hydroxide, comprising the steps of: a) providing a layered double hydroxide which contains an amount of anions of at least 20%, based on the total number of anions of the layered double hydroxide, which anions are compatible and/or reactive with the polymeric matrix: b) mixing the layered double hydroxide with a monomeric material for forming the polymeric matrix, in an amount such that the polymeric matrix is present in the nanocomposite material in an amount of at least 50% by weight, based on the nanocomposite material; c) polymerizing the monomeric material to form the polymeric matrix. The invention further relates to a nanocomposite material obtainable by such method and to a shaped article manufactured from such nanocomposite material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nanocomposite material based on a polymeric matrix and a layered double hydroxide, wherein the polymeric matrix is present in an amount of at least 50% by weight, based on the nanocomposite material, and wherein the layered double hydroxide contains an amount of anions of at least 20%, based on the total number of anions of the layered double hydroxide, which anions are compatible and/or reactive with the polymeric matrix, and wherein at least 5% of the above amount of anions contain a second charge-carrying group. The invention further relates to a method for preparing such a nanocomposite material and to a shaped article from such a nanocomposite material.

Abstract: A method of producing three dimensional polyurethane shapes by spray molding a quasi-gel like polymer precursor composition that is first mixed and then sprayed by a spray gun. The spray coating of quasi-gel polymer precursor composition subsequently cures to form a molded polyurethane polymer shape. Such artificial three dimensional shapes may include rocks, rock walls or faces, tree stumps or limbs, animals, architectural features or settings in which a certain visual appearance is desired.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polymer-clay intercalates, exfoliates, nanocomposites and methods of manufacturing comprising (i) a melt-processible matrix polymer, and incorporated therein (ii) a mixture of at least two layered clay materials. The invention also relates to articles produced from a nanocomposite and a process for preparing a nanocomposite.

Abstract: A non-silicone, form-in-place gasket produced using automated placement followed by curing of a pattern of an extrudable thixotropic material comprising a liquid polyolefin oligomer a reactive diluent a thixotropic filler and a curative. The form-in-place gasket, after curing, has a compression set of about 7% to about 20%, a level of outgassing components of about 10 &mgr;g/g to about 45 &mgr;g/g and a Shore A hardness from about 45 to about 65.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst for polyester production capable of producing a polyester with high catalytic activity and a process for producing a polyester using the catalyst. The catalyst for polyester production comprises a solid titanium compound which is obtained by dehydro-drying a hydrolyzate obtained by hydrolysis of a titanium halide and which has a molar ratio (OH/Ti) of a hydroxyl group (OH) to titanium (Ti) exceeding 0.09 and less than 4. The present invention also provides a method to obtain a polyester having a small increase of the acetaldehyde content during the molding. This method comprises bringing a polyester, which is obtained by the use of a titanium compound catalyst and in which the reaction has been completed, into contact with a phosphoric ester aqueous solution or the like having a concentration of not less than 10 ppm in terms of phosphorus atom.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compositions as well as methods of making and using said compositions, having improved stability which, when applied to a variety of substrates and cured, form transparent coatings which have abrasion resistant properties, a matched refractive index to that of the substrate, and which can be tailored to control the extent of tint absorption (vide infra). The compositions comprise an aqueous-organic solvent mixture containing a mixture of hydrolysis products and partial condensates of an epoxy-functional silane, a carboxylic acid functional compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, multifunctional carboxylic acids, anhydrides, and combinations thereof, a metal oxide composite colloid, and a disilane. The coating compositions may further include a mixture of hydrolysis products and partial condensates of one or more silane additives, a colloidal silica material, and a tetrafunctional silane.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for making polymeric particles by reacting an ethylenically unsaturated monomer as a dispersed phase suspended in an aqueous phase. The aqueous phase contains a water-insoluble particulate stabilizer having a size less than 100 nanometers in an effective amount of water-soluble inorganic salt to allow formation of stable monomer droplets in the aqueous phase, the monomer droplets include at least 20% of a carboxylic acid-containing monomer. The present invention also provides an imaging element comprising a support and at least one layer containing polymer particles of the formula: (A)x(B)y, where A is ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing carboxylic acid groups, B is a water insoluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, x is greater than 20% and y is equal to 100% minus x. The polymer particles are covered with a layer of water-insoluble solid particulate stabilizer having a size less than 100 nanometers.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a reinforcing agent is added to the polyol side before the Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) process. The agent of the invention comprise particulate flakes which are characterized by their fine particle size and high aspect ratio. It was surprisingly found that the incorporation of the agent of the invention in the RIM process yields molded parts with a good combination of properties including flexural and tensile modulus heat sag and reduction in the coefficient of linear thermal expansion and high Distinctness Of Image (DOI) values.

Abstract: A cyanoacrylate adhesive composition is disclosed which has a lowered adhesion to the skin and contains at least one compound selected from the groups mentioned below and an anionic polymerization accelerator: A: An aliphatic alcohol having an aliphatic group in which 6 or more carbon atoms are directly bonded with each other; B: An aliphatic carboxylic acid ester having an aliphatic group in which 6 or more carbon atoms are directly bonded with each other; C: An aliphatic carboxylic acid ester having at least 2 aliphatic groups in which 4 or more carbon atoms are directly bonded with each other; and D: A carboxylic acid ester of a carbocyclic compound having, in a carboxylic acid residue or alcohol residue, an aliphatic group in which 5 or more carbon atoms are directly bonded with each other.

Abstract: A marginal treatment material of a denture base, comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organopolysiloxane having at least two aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons in one molecule and having a viscosity of 500˜5,000 cs at 25° C.; (B) 0.5˜30 parts by weight of an organohydrogen polysiloxane having at least three hydrogen atoms directly bonded to a silicon atom in one molecule; (C) 10˜500 ppm, based on the total of the components (A) and (B), of a silicone-soluble platinum compound; and (D) 0.5˜20 parts by weight of fine silica powder having a BET specific surface area of 50˜500 m2/g, whose surface is made hydrophobic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crosslinkable impregnating dielectric composition comprising a polydiene polyol, a polyisocyanate and a chemically inert liquid filler, (an insulating liquid) characterized in that a sufficient amount of the said liquid filler is used in order to maintain a viscosity of less than 50 mPa s at the impregnation temperature for a period at least equal to 1 day and in order to obtain a tans at 20° C. and at 50 Hz, after complete crosslinking, of less than 0.02. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the said composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to transparent organic/inorganic composites with low hydroxyl group content, based on silicic acid heteropolycondensates having extremely low water uptakes. These composites are obtained for example by nonhydrolytic condensation of chlorosilanes with polymerizable groups and optionally fluorinated groups, with the help of a condensation agent (e.g., t-butanol) capable of non-hydrolytic condensation of this chlorosilane, and thermal and/or photochemical polymerization of the obtained condensation product, preferably in the presence of preferably fluorinated organic monomers.

Abstract: A polymer composite comprising an epoxy vinyl ester resin or unsaturated polyester matrix having dispersed therein particles derived from a multilayered inorganic material which possesses organophilic properties. The dispersion of the multilayered inorganic material in the polymer matrix is such that an increase in the average interlayer spacing of the layered inorganic material occurs to a significant extent resulting in the formation of a nanocomposite.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dental material with at least one polymerizable binder and at least one filler containing a redox-initiator system for the radical polymerization, which comprises an initiator and an activator. The material is characterized in that the filler contains a homogeneous mixture of a first part of the filler, which is mixed with the initiator, a second part of the filler, which is mixed with the activator, and a third part of the filler, which does not contain a component of the initiator system. The materials are particularly suitable as cements and filling materials.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for stabilizing a thermoplastic resin, which may also contain carbon black and/or glass, wherein the method comprises adding to the resin a stabilizing amount of at least one sterically hindered phenol antioxidant, at least one secondary amine antioxidant and/or at least one N,N′-substituted oxamide antioxidant, and at least one thioether antioxidant.

Abstract: A method and material for forming translucent wear resistant dental enamel and the dental enamel material formed which has an opacity less than 50 percent and a localized wear volume loss of less than 0.025 mm3. The dental enamel material is formed from a polymerizable matrix and a filler. The material for forming translucent wear resistant dental enamel having an opacity less than 50 percent, a localized wear volume loss of less than 0.025 mm3 and a localized extended wear volume loss of less than 0.04 mm3, comprises a polymerizable matrix forming liquid and inorganic filler particles. The liquid comprises polymerizable material having a first refractive index. The filler comprising a first plurality of particles having a second refractive index. The first plurality of particles being formed from a low and a high median particle size plurality of particles. The low median particle size plurality of particles having a median particle size between 0.1 and 1.0 micrometers.

Abstract: The disclosure describes methods for producing bulk, particulate material that includes solid, generally ellipsoidal particles. Irregularly shaped feed particles with average particle sizes of up to 25 microns on a volume basis are dispersed in at least a portion of a combustible gas mixture by application of force and/or fluidizing agents. The combustible mixture with particles in suspension is then delivered, while controlling agglomeration or re-agglomeration of the particles, to at least one flame front. There, the mixture and suspended particles are uniformly distributed across the surface(s) of and passed through the flame front(s) with a high concentration of particles in the mixture. This flame front and the resultant flame(s) with suspended particles are located in at least one “wall free” zone. In such zone(s) the flame(s) may expand while the particles are maintained in dispersion and heated, with controlled and highly efficient application of heating energy.

Abstract: A composition and devices utilizing these compositions for providing protection against electrical overstress including a matrix formed of a mixture of an insulating binder, conductive particles having an average particle size of less than 10 microns, and semiconductive particles having an average particle size of less than 10 microns. The compositions exhibit improved clamping voltages in a range of about 30 volts to greater than 2,000 volts.

Abstract: In an epoxy resin composition comprising an epoxy resin, a curing agent, and an inorganic filler, the filler is porous silica having a specific surface area of 6-200 m2/g, a true specific gravity of 2.0-2.2, and a mean particle size of 2-50 &mgr;m. The epoxy resin composition is readily moldable, has a low moisture permeability and reliability in the cured state, and is suitable for forming a premolded hollow semiconductor package.

Abstract: A cyanoacrylate adhesive composition is disclosed which has a lowered adhesion to the skin and contains at least one compound selected from the groups mentioned below and an anionic polymerization accelerator:

Abstract: Use of crosslinked polymers for coil coating based on perfluoropolyethereal polymers, comprising as repeating units sequences of one or more oxyfluoroalkylenic units such as —CF2CF2O—, —CR4R5CF2CF2O— wherein R4 and R5 equal to or different from each other are chosen among H, Cl, F or perfluoroalkyl from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, —CF2CF(CF3)O—, —CFYO—, wherein Y is equal to F or CF3, having hydroxylic bifunctional termination, crosslinking being carried out with blocked polyisocyanates having at least 3 NCO groups.

Abstract: A polyalkylene naphthalate for a film, which comprises a naphthalenedicarboxylic acid component as a main dicarboxylic acid component and an aliphatic glycol component as a main glycol component, and contains (a) an antimony compound and (b) a quaternary phosphonium sulfonate compound unit having an ester-forming functional group in such amounts that satisfy the following expressions (1) and (2): 0<Sb≦80  (1) 0<S/Sb≦0.4  (2) wherein Sb and S are the molar ratios (mmol %) of the antimony compound and the quaternary phosphonium sulfonate compound unit having an ester-forming functional group to the total of all the dicarboxylic acid components forming the polyalkylene naphthalate, respectively. The film of the present invention has excellent surface flatness and is suitable for use as a base film for a magnetic recording medium. It is also excellent in high-speed winding properties and can be formed into a film stably and produced industrially advantageously.

Abstract: Polymer (e.g., poly(ethylene oxide) or polystyrene is intercalated into galleries of 2:1 layered silicate in the absence of solvent to provide composite where the polymer does not demonstrate melting or glass transition. In a variation, polymer (e.g., polyamide) matrix containing layers of silicate of height less than 1 nanometer is produced by delaminating layers of silicate during the intercalation.

Abstract: A silicone composition curing at room temperature by condensation, which is suitable especially as a dental molding composition. The silicone composition consists of the a) base paste containing a filler and polyorganosiloxane having hydroxy groups, b) and the activator component containing in addition to crosslinking agent and catalyst also a polyaddition product with alkoxysilyl groups in the molecule. The base paste and activator component can be mixed uniformly together and can be offered with special advantage in double cartridges.

Abstract: A polyamide resin composition comprising a copolyamide and silicate layers originating from a swellable fluoromica, dispersed in said copolyamide on a molecular level, wherein an average thickness and an average aspect ratio (length/thickness) of the silicate layers are within specific ranges. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the polyamide resin composition.

Abstract: A polymer composite comprising a hydroxy-phenoxyether or polyester polymer matrix having dispersed therein layers of an inorganic material derived from a multilayered inorganic material having organophilic properties. The dispersion of the multilayered inorganic material in the polymer matrix is such that an increase in the average interlayer spacing of the layered inorganic material occurs. This increase in interlayer spacing occurs to a significant extent resulting in the formation of a nanocomposite. The polymers are preferably derived from a diglycidyl ether or ester or an epihalohydrin and a dinucleophile such as a dicarboxylic acid, a difunctional amine, a bisphenol or a sulfonamide. As the organophilic inorganic material clay minerals modified with organic ammonium compounds are used.

Abstract: A formulation for covering vehicle panels, such as the inner fenders or floor boards of an automobile, with a chip resistant, vibration damping coating. The formulation includes a blocked polyurethane prepolymer (or a blocked polyisocyanate and a polyol), an epoxy resin, a filler and a plasticizer. A method for forming a chip resistant, vibration damping coating on such a panel including the steps of applying a coating mixture to the panel, the coating mixture including a blocked polyurethane prepolymer (or a blocked polyisocyanate and a polyol) and an epoxy resin, and then heating the panel to form the coating. An improved vehicle panel, wherein the improvement is a polyurethane modified epoxy coating (or a coating which is an interpenetrating network of polyurethane resin and epoxy resin) on the panel.

Abstract: The present invention is a one-part adhesive composition comprising:A) an isocyanate functional polyurethane prepolymer;B) a catalyst capable of catalyzing the reaction of isocyanate moieties with an isocyanate reactive compound;C) particles comprising a curing agent for an isocyanate functional. polyurethane prepolymer encapsulated within a coating material;wherein the prepolymer has a free isocyanate content of from about 0.8 to about 2.2 percent. In another embodiment the invention is a process for bonding two substrates together which comprises rupturing the encapsulated curing agent particles so as to contact the curing agent with the prepolymer in the adhesive composition, contacting the adhesive composition of the invention with at least one of the substrates and contacting the substrates together along the portion of the substrate(s) to which the adhesive has been applied before the adhesive applied cures and allowing the adhesive to cure and bond the substrates together.

Abstract: An organic silicon compound having at least one phenyl skeleton, at least one nitrogen atom, and at least one SiH radical is added to an adhesive silicone composition comprising a diorganopolysiloxane containing at least two alkenyl radicals, an organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least two SiH radicals, and a platinum catalyst. The composition firmly adheres to organic resins, especially polyamide and polyimide resins, but not to metals.

Abstract: A polyamide resin composition comprising (A) a reinforced polyamide resin which comprises 100 parts by weight of a nylon 6 homopolymer or copolymer and 1 to 20 parts by weight of a layered silicate uniformly dispersed in the polymer on the molecular level and (B) a non-reinforced polyamide resin, a test specimen of said composition having a tensile weld strength of 45 MPa or higher and a flexural modulus of 4 GPa or higher.

Abstract: The present invention relates to particulate concentrate compositions formed by intercalation of a polymer polymerizing component into the galleries of a layered inorganic cation exchange composition initially in proton exchanged form and to the use of the particulate concentrates for the preparation of cured polymer-inorganic nanolayer hybrid composite compositions. The polymer polymerizing component comprising the particulate concentrate contains a basic group for reaction with the protons of the inorganic cation exchanger. Also, the polymer polymerizing component contains a functional group for polymerization reaction with a polymer precursor, a mixture of polymer precursors, or a polymer melt which is introduced into the galleries of the inorganic cation exchanger and reacts with the polymer polymerizing component to form a cured polymer-inorganic nanolayer hybrid composite.

Abstract: A silicone rubber composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of an organopolysiloxane composition of the organic peroxide or addition curing type, (B) 1-100 parts by weight of finely divided silica, and (C) 30-500 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide is suitable for use as a high-voltage electrical insulator. The aluminum hydroxide (C) has a water-soluble sodium ion content of up to 0.01% by weight and exhibits pH 6.5-8.0 and an electrical conductivity of up to 50 .mu.s/cm when measured as a 30 wt % water slurry and preferably has been treated to be hydrophobic. The composition cures into a silicone rubber having improved high-voltage electrical insulating properties even under rigorous conditions.

Abstract: A vessel for growing a plant, comprising: a base material 11 in the form of a vessel which is capable of accommodating therein at least a part of a plant; and a hydrogel-forming polymer 12 having a crosslinked structure disposed inside of the vessel-form base material 11 is disclosed. When such a vessel is used, a transfer operation for the plant can be automated, and any damage caused by transferring the plant can be reduced.

Abstract: A low density polymer composition including a polymer component capable of being cured, a low density filler in an amount sufficient to reduce the density of the polymer and a thixotrope present in a sufficient amount to impart a sufficient viscosity and to inhibit separation of the filler from the polymer until after the polymer is cured. The resulting lightweight, filled polymer composition is a strong electrical insulator, has low shrinkage, a low coefficient of thermal expansion, low cured density and a soft filler that does not harden the polymer. Methods of preparing and using the low density polymer compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A water based binder for use in a slurry for investment casting. The binder includes a mixture of a colloidal silica sol and at least one latex polymer. The latex polymer is preferably an acrylic latex or a styrene butadiene polymer (or a combination of these) which reduces the processing time between dips during shell mold making for investment casting. The latex polymer further lowers a critical concentration point or gelation point of the colloidal silica sol. The binder may be used as a primary binder or a backup binder in the shell mold making process. To make the slurry, the binder is combined with at least one refractory powder, preferably a refractory powder selected from the group of: alumino-silicates, fused silica, quartz silica, alumina, zircon, and zirconia.

Abstract: An indicator for complete polymerization and cure of base-catalyzed epoxy thermoset resin systems is disclosed. In particular, the present invention makes use of an diazo dye having amino groups which forms a salt or complex with hardeners used in various epoxy resin systems. Upon full polymerization and consumption of the hardener, a chromophoric shift of the dye can be observed.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a method for improving the miscibility of the lower molecular weight unsaturated siloxane-polyether copolymers with the .alpha., .omega.-divinylpolysiloxanes without loss of storage stability, or delay of cure at the vulcanization temperature, or loss of permanent hydrophilicity or other desirable features of the cured polysiloxane. The compositions of the present invention comprise one or more .alpha., .omega.-divinylpolysiloxanes, unsaturated polysiloxane-polyether copolymers having from 2 to 5 silicon atoms per molecule which are preferably trisiloxanes, and a compatibilizing additive. The permanently hydrophilic, rapidly wettable polysiloxane compositions yield static water contact angles <50.degree. dynamic advancing contact angles of less than about 100.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing a polydiene comprising polymerizing a diene selected from the group consisting of butadiene, isoprene, or a mixture thereof under polymerization conditions in a gas phase reactor optionally in the presence of an inert particulate material and in the presence of a catalyst comprising (i) a rare earth metal component, (ii) a transition metal component selected from the group consisting of nickel compound, cobalt compound or titanium compound, and (iii) cocatalyst.

Abstract: A crosslinkable silicone compound including: a crosslinkable silicone polymer, constituted by polyorganosiloxane; a crosslinking agent, constituted by polyhydrogen organosiloxane; a platinum catalyst; and a synthetic sodium-aluminum zeolite. The compound is completed by inhibitors and/or fillers and/or release agents and/or colors and/or plasticizers and/or additives to modify its rheological characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a RTV silicone composition having increased hot oil resistance upon curing. The RTV silicone composition comprises a polydiorganosiloxane, an acyloxy-functional crosslinker, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid catalyst, a filler, and a metal acetate. In a preferred embodiment a metal acetylacetonate is also added.

Abstract: Poly(alkylene arylates) having excellent optical properties are disclosed and can be prepared using an organic titanate-ligand catalyst solution containing organic silicates and/or zirconates and, preferably, certain phosphorus compounds.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided novel compositions for attaching semiconductor devices to substrates. Invention compositions comprise liquid monomer vehicle comprising hydrophobic cyanate ester monomer(s) and epoxy monomer(s), electrically and/or thermally conductive filler, a metal catalyst, and an imidazole, preferably in the substantial absence of non-reactive diluents.

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern comprising the steps of forming a film of an organosilane compound comprising a polysilane having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1) on a substrate, irradiating an actinic radiation onto a predetermined portion of the film of the organosilane compound formed on the substrate, and removing the predetermined portion of the film irradiated by the actinic radiation by dissolving it with an aqueous alkaline developing solution. ##STR1## wherein Ar is a substituted or non-substituted aryl group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a RTV silicone composition having increased hot oil resistance upon curing. The RTV silicone composition comprises a polydiorganosiloxane, an acyloxy-functional crosslinker, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid catalyst, a filler, and a metal acetylacetonate. In a preferred embodiment a metal oxide is also added.

Abstract: Polymer (e.g., poly(ethylene oxide) or polystyrene is intercalated into galleries of 2:1 layered silicate in the absence of solvent to provide composite where the polymer does not demonstrate melting or glass transition. In a variation, polymer (e.g., polyamide) matrix containing layers of silicate of height less than 1 nanometer is produced by delaminating layers of silicate during the intercalation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing filled polyurethane elastomers, and more particularly to a process for producing highly filled polyurethane elastomers in which resin solid separation is substantially reduced. The separation rate of the solid particulate fillers contained in a filled polyol resin is significantly reduced, and the subject process can be optimized to lower the viscosity of the uncured liquid reaction mixture prior to curing same to form a solid, thereby substantially non-cellular filled polyurethane elastomer. The above-described benefits can be accomplished by reacting together a three-component polyurethane system comprising (a) a filled polyether polyol resin having a particulate filler material dispersed therein, (b) a polyisocyanate, and (c) a catalyst solution for reacting (a) and (b) to form said filled polyurethane elastomer.

Abstract: Composite material with high mechanical strength and excellent high-temperature characteristics comprising a polymer matrix containing polyamide and layers of a silicate uniformly dispersed in the order of molecules in the polymer matrix, each of said silicate layers being 7 to 12 Å thick and the interlayer distance being at least 20 Å; and a process for manufacturing such composite material.

Abstract: A two component type polyurethane adhesive is provided for fiberglass reinforced plastics which requires no cleaning, preparation or treatment of the surface, and the like. The curative component is a nitrogen-free liquid polyether or polyester in an amount such that in association with a urethane prepolymer component containing free NCO groups, the ratio of the free NCO groups in the prepolymer component to the OH groups in said curative component is at least 1.2 and desirably at least 1.35. Such high NCO/OH ratios have unexpectedly been found to provide good adhesion and especially good humidity adhesion and peel strength adhesion to fiberglass reinforced plastics or metal surfaces which are free from any surface treatment.