Treating In The Presence Of Elemental Halogen Patents (Class 525/356)
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Patent number: 6326439Abstract: This invention relates to a thermally stable brominated polystyrene having less than 100 ppm total Cl−, above about 68 wt % bromine and less than about 6,000 ppm hydrolyzable halide. The brominated polystyrene exhibits little or no polymer cross-linking or chain cleavage relative to the starting polystyrene.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 1998Date of Patent: December 4, 2001Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Billie B. Dadgar, Donald E. Balhoff, Charles H. Kolich, Meng-Sheng Ao, Homer C. Lin
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Patent number: 6313229Abstract: Blocky chlorinated polyolefins are disclosed as compatibilizers of PVC and/or CPVC resins with polyolefin elastomers. The blocky chlorinated polyolefins facilitate the dispersion of the elastomers as a dispersed phase with the proper size for impact modification of the PVC and/or CPVC. The blocky chlorinated polyolefin provides better adhesion between the elastomer and the PVC and/or CPVC providing better physical properties such as impact strength as measured by Notched Izod and variable height impact testing (VHIT) than did the randomly chlorinated polyolefins, often used as processing aids and as impact modifiers in PVC or CPVC. The differences in properties achieved with blocky chlorinated polyolefins versus randomly chlorinated polyolefins are attributed to the individual blocks of the blocky polyolefin being compatible (and/or co-crystalizable) with either the polyolefin elastomer or the PVC/CPVC resulting in better adhesion between phases.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1999Date of Patent: November 6, 2001Assignee: PMD Group Inc.Inventors: Bernard F. Cinadr, Carole A. Lepilleur, Arthur L. Backman
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Patent number: 6277922Abstract: Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is prepared from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). When PVC is made utilizing polyvinyl alcohol, the low molecular weight CPVC compound so prepared is colored. A low molecular weight CPVC compound prepared from PVC that was made in the presence of a cellulose ether instead of polyvinyl alcohol resulted in a very low color compound having a DE of O by definition. However, a CPVC compound prepared from PVC made in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol resulted in a relatively high color (DE 18.51). During the polymerization of vinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol is replaced with the hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose ether having a methoxyl substitution of 15-35 percent and a hydroxypropoxyl substitution of from 4-35 percent.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1990Date of Patent: August 21, 2001Assignee: PMD Holdings CorporationInventors: Zaev Sharaby, Robert Gerard Vielhaber
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Publication number: 20010014721Abstract: A polyvinyl chloride resin having an average particle diameter of not less than 150 &mgr;m and porosity at 31-1,011 psi of not less than 0.15 cc/g is suspended in an aqueous medium and chlorinated by blowing gaseous chlorine into the aqueous suspension. In this way, the floating resin formation during chlorination can be prevented and a chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin excellent in free flow property and showing good resistance to initial discoloration and good thermal stability in heating and molding processes can be produced.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 19, 2000Publication date: August 16, 2001Applicant: Kaneka CorporationInventors: Tadashi Tadokoro, Takeyuki Suzuki, Minoru Isshiki
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Patent number: 6274689Abstract: The invention provides a copolymer of an isomonoolefin having from 4 to 7 carbon atoms and containing a copolymerized alkenyl styrene moiety represented by the formula I: where m=0-2, n=0-20, each of R1 through R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1 to C10 alkyl and C1 to C10 primary or secondary alkyl halides, and at least one of R1, R2 or R3 is hydrogen, and when m=1 or 2, R3 and R1 are —CH2—.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1998Date of Patent: August 14, 2001Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc.Inventors: Timothy Daniel Shaffer, David Yen-Lung Chung
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Publication number: 20010008923Abstract: An improved process is provided for the bromination of isoolefin-conjugated diolefin polymers by brominating said polymer in solution in selected halogen-containing hydrocarbons as solvent. There is also provided an improved product of said process wherein the brominated polymer contains not less than 80 percent of the bound bromine atoms in a form suitable to participate in the vulcanization of the polymer and wherein not less than 70 percent of the bound conjugated diolefin units are similarly so brominated.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 28, 2001Publication date: July 19, 2001Inventors: Gabor Kaszas, Wolfgang Baade, Heinrich Konigshofen
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Patent number: 6242539Abstract: A polyvinyl chloride resin having an average particle diameter of not less than 150 &mgr;m and porosity at 31-1,011 psi of not less than 0.15 cc/g is suspended in an aqueous medium and chlorinated by blowing gaseous chlorine into the aqueous suspension. In this way, floating resin formation during chlorination can be prevented and a chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin excellent in free flow property and showing good resistance to initial discoloration and good thermal stability in heating and molding processes can be produced.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1998Date of Patent: June 5, 2001Assignee: Kaneka CorporationInventors: Tadashi Tadokoro, Takeyuki Suzuki, Minoru Isshiki
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Patent number: 6235844Abstract: These novel brominated styrenic polymers have a bromine content in the range of about 60 to about 66 wt % bromine; a total chlorine content, if any, of less than 700 ppm; a GPC weight average molecular weight in the range of about 500,000 to about 800,000; a DSC glass transition temperature of less than 175° C.; and a thermal stability in the Thermal Stability Test of 250 ppm HBr or less. Such flame retardant polymers exhibit superior performance qualities during use, especially in thermoplastics, including improved melt flow characteristics and improved thermal stability.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 1998Date of Patent: May 22, 2001Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Billie B. Dadgar, Donald E. Balhoff, Charles H. Kolich, Meng-Sheng Ao, Homer C. Lin
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Patent number: 6232408Abstract: Novel brominated styrenic polymers have an ionic bromine content of 2000 ppm or less, and one or more of the following additional characteristics: (a) a TGA temperature for 1% weight loss which is 340° C. or higher, and a chlorine content, if any, of less than about 700 ppm Cl (b) an actual Mw which is within about 20% of the calculated theoretical Mw, the theoretical Mw being based upon the actual bromine content of the brominated styrenic polymer and the Mw of the styrenic polymer reactant used to produce the brominated styrenic polymer; and (c) essentially no content of impurities selected from the group consisting of ethylene dichloride, bromodichloroethane, dibromochloroethane, dibromodichloroethane, and tribromochloroethane. Such flame retardant polymers exhibit superior performance qualities during use, especially in thermoplastics such as glass-filled polyesters and glass-filled nylons.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1998Date of Patent: May 15, 2001Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Billie B. Dadgar, Donald E. Balhoff, Charles H. Kolich, Meng-Sheng Ao, Homer C. Lin
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Patent number: 6232409Abstract: An improved process is provided for the bromination of isoolefin-conjugated diolefin polymers by brominating said polymer in solution in selected halogen-containing hydrocarbons as solvent. There is also provided an improved product of said process wherein the brominated polymer contains not less than 80 percent of the bound bromine atoms in a form suitable to participate in the vulcanization of the polymer and wherein not less than 70 percent of the bound conjugated diolefin units are similarly so brominated.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1997Date of Patent: May 15, 2001Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gabor Kaszas, Wolfgang Baade, Heinrich Konigshofen
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Patent number: 6221991Abstract: Polar polymers having the following formula: FG-(Q)d-Rn-Z-J-[A(R1R2R3)]x (I) wherein FG is H or a protected or non-protected functional group; Q is a polar hydrocarbyl group derived by incorporation of a polar compound selected from group consisting of esters, amides, and nitrites of acrylic and methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof; d is an integer from 10 to 2000; R is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group derived by incorporation of a compound selected from the group consisting of conjugated diene hydrocarbons, alkenylsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof; n is an integer from 0 to 5; Z is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; J is oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen; [A(R1R2R3)]x is a protecting group, in which A is an element selected from Group IVa of the Periodic Table of Elements; R1, R2, and R3 are each independently selected from the group consistingType: GrantFiled: June 30, 1998Date of Patent: April 24, 2001Assignee: FMC CorporationInventors: Robert J. Letchford, James A. Schwindeman, Conrad W. Kamienski, Roderic P. Quirk
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Patent number: 6207765Abstract: This invention relates to the bromination of styrenic polymers by contacting same with a brominating agent in the presence of a bromination catalyst and, as a reaction solvent, bromochloro-methane.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1999Date of Patent: March 27, 2001Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Meng-Sheng Ao, Billie B. Dadgar, Charles H. Kolich, Donald E. Balhoff, Homer C. Lin, David R. Brackenridge, Thorsten W. Brockman
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Patent number: 6204338Abstract: An improved process is provided for the bromination of isoolefin-conjugated diolefin polymers by brominating said polymer in solution in a solvent comprising a mixture of an inert saturated paraffinic hydrocarbon and an inert halogen-containing hydrocarbon. There is also provided an improved product of said process wherein the brominated polymer contains not less than 70 percent of the bound conjugated diolefin units which are brominated and also not less than 80 percent of the bound bromine atoms are in a form suitable to participate in the vulcanization of said polymer.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1998Date of Patent: March 20, 2001Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gabor Kaszas, Wolfgang Baade, Heinrich Konigshofen
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Patent number: 6204334Abstract: Blocky chlorinated polyolefins are disclosed as compatibilizers of PVC and/or CPVC resins with polyolefin elastomers. The blocky chlorinated polyolefins facilitate the dispersion of the elastomers as a dispersed phase with the proper size for impact modification of the PVC and/or CPVC. The blocky chlorinated polyolefin provides better adhesion between the elastomer and the PVC and/or CPVC providing better physical properties such as impact strength as measured by Notched Izod and variable height impact testing (VHIT) than did the randomly chlorinated polyolefins, often used as processing aids and as impact modifiers in PVC or CPVC. The differences in properties achieved with blocky chlorinated polyolefins versus randomly chlorinated polyolefins are attributed to the individual blocks of the blocky polyolefin being compatible (and/or co-crystalizable) with either the polyolefin elastomer or the PVC/CPVC resulting in better adhesion between phases.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1999Date of Patent: March 20, 2001Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventors: Bernard Frank Cinadr, Carole Angèle Lepilleur, Arthur Leonard Backman, Robert Edwin Detterman, Theodore Joseph Schmitz
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Patent number: 6197895Abstract: In producing chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin having chlorination degree of 60-73% by weight, wherein polyvinyl chloride resin is suspended in an aqueous medium and chlorine gas is blown into said suspension under beam of a mercury lamp in the temperature range of 40-90° C., an organic peroxide compound having a 10 hour half-life in the range of 40-90° C. is added into the reaction vessel in the ratio of 0.01-1 parts to 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride resin by weight before the chlorination reaction is started. By this method, the time for chlorination reaction can be shortened without sacrificing the initial coloring and the heat stability, whereby chlorinated polyvinyl chloride can be produced with significantly improved productivity.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1998Date of Patent: March 6, 2001Assignee: Kaneka CorporationInventors: Takeyuki Suzuki, Hiroaki Shiota, Minoru Isshiki
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Patent number: 6160054Abstract: Hetero-telechelic polymers having the formula:FG--(Q).sub.d --Z--J--[A(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3)].sub.x (I)wherein FG is a protected or non-protected functional group; Q is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group derived by incorporation of a compound selected from the group consisting of conjugated diene hydrocarbons, alkenylsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof; d is an integer from 10 to 200; Z is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; J is oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen; [A(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3)].sub.x is a protecting group, wherein A is an element selected from Group IVa of the Periodic Table of Elements; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 1996Date of Patent: December 12, 2000Assignee: FMC CorporationInventors: James A. Schwindeman, Robert J. Letchford, Conrad W. Kamienski, Roderic P. Quirk
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Patent number: 6124406Abstract: Blocky chlorinated polyolefins are disclosed as compatibilizers of PVC and/or CPVC resins with polyolefin elastomers. The blocky chlorinated polyolefins facilitate the dispersion of the elastomers as a dispersed phase with the proper size for impact modification of the PVC and/or CPVC. The blocky chlorinated polyolefin provides better adhesion between the elastomer and the PVC and/or CPVC providing better physical properties such as impact strength as measured by Notched Izod and variable height impact testing (VHIT) than did the randomly chlorinated polyolefins, often used as processing aids and as impact modifiers in PVC or CPVC. The differences in properties achieved with blocky chlorinated polyolefins versus randomly chlorinated polyolefins are attributed to the individual blocks of the blocky polyolefin being compatible (and/or co-crystalizable) with either the polyolefin elastomer or the PVC/CPVC resulting in better adhesion between phases.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1998Date of Patent: September 26, 2000Assignee: The B. F. Goodrich CompanyInventors: Bernard Frank Cinadr, Carole Angele Lepilleur, Arthur Leonard Backman, Robert Edwin Detterman, Theodore Joseph Schmitz
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Patent number: 6077909Abstract: Methods are revealed for producing polyolefin substituted carboxylic acylating agents having less than 1000 ppm chlorine, and reaction products formed therefrom such as dispersants. The carboxylic acylating agents are formed by reacting a polyolefin having labile halogen content with an .alpha.-.beta. unsaturated carboxylic acid. The products formed in this invention are used in lubricating compositions.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1997Date of Patent: June 20, 2000Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: John K. Pudelski, Christopher J. Kolp, Jeffry G. Dietz, Charles K. Baumanis, Stuart L. Bartley, James D. Burrington
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Patent number: 6025446Abstract: A wound treatment material which absorbs wound fluid without overdrying the wound, provides physical cushioning for the wound, and releases an antimicrobial agent (iodine) in a controlled manner to kill harmful micro-organisms without irritating the wound area or adversely affecting would healing. The wound treatment material comprises crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine complex which is water insoluble, but water-absorbent and water-swellable. When the complex or a wound treatment preparation containing the complex is applied to a wound, i.e., becomes hydrated, and an equilibrium is established between the complex and the wound at the wound/complex interface. Iodine is releaed from the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine complex by a diffusion controlled process which responds to the reduction in concentration of free iodine in the wound fluid in equilibrium with the complex. The greater the rate of iodine depletion in the wound, the greater the rate of iodine release from the polymer-iodine complex.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1998Date of Patent: February 15, 2000Inventors: Arun B. Kulkarni, Gregory R. Skover
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Patent number: 5986012Abstract: This invention concerns a process for fluorinating a perfluoroelastomer which has previously been crosslinked by exposure to ionizing radiation. The resulting product has reduced outgassing. This makes perfluoroelastomer parts that have undergone the process particularly useful in clean rooms and for semiconductor manufacturing.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 1993Date of Patent: November 16, 1999Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: John Michael Legare, Anestis Leonidas Logothetis
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Patent number: 5977233Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a flame-retardant polymer comprising mixing one or more polymeric base resins with a source of brominated syndiotactic polystyrene that displays a noncrystalline order and is produced by a process comprising brominating syndiotactic polystyrene in an inert reaction medium that is incapable of dissolving to any appreciable degree syndiotactic polystyrene at ambient temperature and pressure. The produced brominated syndiotactic polystyrene has a melting temperature in excess of about 325.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 1998Date of Patent: November 2, 1999Assignee: Ferro CorporationInventors: James L. Dever, James C. Gill
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Patent number: 5969053Abstract: A plastic article having a number of surfaces with at least one surface being modified by contacting that surface with a reactive gas atmosphere containing F.sub.2, Cl.sub.2, O.sub.2, Ozone, SO.sub.3, oxidative acids, or mixtures thereof, at a temperature and gas partial pressure sufficient to increase the surface energy of the at least one surface being modified to at least 40 dynes/cm at a temperature of 20.degree. C., to enhance bonding of non-slip polymer coatings to the modified surface, to which coatings elastomeric or rigid particles may be admixed for imparting a surface profile and increasing the coefficient of friction between the coated surface and the counter-surface.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 1997Date of Patent: October 19, 1999Assignee: Composite Particles, Inc.Inventors: Bernard D. Bauman, Mark A. Williams
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Patent number: 5959049Abstract: A process for producing a copolymer of isoolefin having between 4 and 7 carbon atoms and para-alkylstyrene is provided. The process comprises admixing the isoolefin and the para-alkylstyrene in a copolymerization reactor under copolymerization conditions in the presence of a diluent, and a Lewis Acid catalyst, and maintaining the copolymerization reactor substantially free of impurities which can complex with the catalyst or copolymerize with the isoolefin or the para-alkylstyrene.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1997Date of Patent: September 28, 1999Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents IncInventors: Kenneth William Powers, Hsien-Chang Wang
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Patent number: 5942582Abstract: The present invention describes a process for reducing the chlorine content of various organochlorine compounds including the step introducing a source of iodine or bromine and mixtures thereof to the organochlorine compound.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1997Date of Patent: August 24, 1999Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: Charles K. Baumanis, Marvin M. Maynard, Alan C. Clark, Matthew R. Sivik, Clifford P. Kowall, David L. Westfall
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Patent number: 5939495Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a polyolefin having a functional group at its terminal and the object thereof is to provide a process in which the above polyolefin can be obtained with industrial advantages. This object can be attained by the process comprising step (A) producing a terminal-modified polyolefin of the formula P-AlR.sup.1 R.sup.2, wherein P is a polymer chain and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is, for example, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst composed of a solid titanium catalyst component (a) and an organoaluminum compound catalyst component (b) optionally together with an organosilicon compound (c) and step (B) producing a polyoiefin of the formula P-X, wherein P is as defined above and X is a functional group, by conducting a substitution reaction between -AlR.sup.1 R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 1997Date of Patent: August 17, 1999Assignee: Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Mamoru Kioka, Shinichi Kojo
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Patent number: 5916978Abstract: This invention relates to the bromination of styrenic polymers by contacting same with a brominating agent in the presence of a bromination catalyst and, as a reaction solvent, bromochloromethane.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1998Date of Patent: June 29, 1999Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Meng-Sheng Ao, Billie B. Dadgar, Charles H. Kolich, Donald E. Balhoff, Homer C. Lin, David R. Brackenridge, Thorsten W. Brockmann
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Patent number: 5882551Abstract: The present invention provides a new flame-retardant additive comprising brominated syndiotactic polystyrene. The additive has a melting temperature in excess of about 325.degree. C. and it displays a noncrystalline order. The additive also has less than 1500 ppm halogen located on the backbone of the syndiotactic polystyrene as measured in HBr equivalents. The additive provides for better color and improved thermal stability as compared to the use of conventional brominated polystyrene.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Ferro CorporationInventors: James L. Dever, James C. Gill
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Patent number: 5883198Abstract: An improved process is provided for the bromination of isoolefin conjugated diolefin polymers by brominating said polymer in solution in a solvent comprising a mixture of an inert saturated paraffinic hydrocarbon and an inert halogen-containing hydrocarbon. There is also provided an improved product of said process wherein the brominated polymer contains not less than 70 percent of the bound conjugated diolefin units which are brominated and also not less than 80 percent of the bound bromine atoms are in a form suitable to participate in the vulcanization of said polymer.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gabor Kaszas, Wolfgang Baade, Heinrich Konigshofen
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Patent number: 5872190Abstract: A method of increasing the adhesion of a rubber (as hereinbefore defined) or rubber-based material which includes treating at least part of the surface of the rubber or rubber-based material with a halogenating agent simultaneously with a static and/or high freguency alternating physical field.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1996Date of Patent: February 16, 1999Assignee: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganizationInventors: Wojciech S. Gutowski, Dong Y. Wu, Sheng Li
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Patent number: 5852132Abstract: This invention features a process for brominating styrenic polymers, which process comprises forming a reaction mass by feeding a mixture, (i) which is substantially free of a bromination catalyst and (ii) which is formed from at least brominating agent and a styrenic polymer, to a catalytic quantity of a bromination catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1997Date of Patent: December 22, 1998Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Billie B. Dadgar, Donald E. Balhoff, Charles H. Kolich, Meng-Sheng Ao, Homer C. Lin
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Patent number: 5852131Abstract: This invention features a process for brominating styrenic polymers which process comprises feeding a first stream comprising a brominating agent, a second stream comprising styrenic polymer and a third stream comprising bromination catalyst to a mixer to intimately mix such streams.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1997Date of Patent: December 22, 1998Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Donald E. Balhoff, Billie B. Dadgar, Charles H. Kolich, Meng-Sheng Ao, Homer C. Lin
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Patent number: 5830965Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer containing a modified cyclic monomer unit, comprising a polymer chain represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A to F are monomer units constituting a main chain of the polymer chain, in which monomer units A to F are arranged in any order, and l to q are, respectively, weight percentages of monomer units A to F, based on the total weight of monomer units A to F; A is selected from cyclic olefin monomer units, B is selected from cyclic conjugated diene monomer units, and C to F are monomer units copolymerizable with monomer units A and B, wherein each of S to X, which are modifying groups, is a functional group or an organic compound residue containing the functional group, with the functional group containing at least one member selected from oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, phosphorus and halogen; and wherein s to x are, respectively, weight percentages of modifying groups S to X, based on the weight of the polymer, and wherein the polymer has a number average moleType: GrantFiled: June 5, 1996Date of Patent: November 3, 1998Assignee: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kimio Imaizumi, Itaru Natori, Hideyuki Yamagishi, Kiyoo Kato
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Patent number: 5767203Abstract: This invention relates to the bromination of styrenic polymers by contacting same with a brominating agent in the presence of a bromination catalyst and, as a reaction solvent, bromochloromethane.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1997Date of Patent: June 16, 1998Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Meng-Sheng Ao, Billie B. Dadgar, Charles H. Kolich, Donald E. Balhoff, Homer C. Lin, David R. Brackenridge, Thorsten W. Brockmann
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Patent number: 5753776Abstract: This invention pertains to a method for liquid phase fluorination for perfluorination of a wide variety of hydrogen-containing compounds.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: May 19, 1998Assignee: Exfluor Research CorporationInventors: Thomas R. Bierschenk, Timothy J. Juhlke, Hajimu Kawa, Richard J. Lagow
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Patent number: 5726252Abstract: In a process for the suppression of backbone halogenation during the bromination of polystyrenes comprising the step of pretreating a solution of a polystyrene reactant comprising from about five to about 20 percent by weight of a polystyrene reactant, in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent with at least about 0.1 percent by weight of an additive to suppress halogenation of the polystyrene backbone prior to brominating the polystyrene in the presence of a catalyst; adding a metal halide bromination catalyst to the solution, capable of effecting bromination of the ring without causing crosslinking of the polystyrene; adding to the solution from about 1 to about 3.4 moles of a brominating agent, per mole of polystyrene repeating units; reacting the polystyrene reactant with the brominating agent at a reaction temperature of from about -20.degree. C. to about 50.degree. C., and isolating the brominated polystyrene.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 1997Date of Patent: March 10, 1998Assignee: Ferro CorporationInventors: James C. Gill, James L. Dever
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Patent number: 5714096Abstract: The present invention is directed to a positive temperature coefficient composition comprising by weight based on total composition, 10-30% carbon black possessing a DBP absorption of about 125 cc/100 g carbon black or less; 10-40% chlorinated, maleic anhydride grafted, polypropylene resin; and organic medium capable of solubilizing the resin.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1996Date of Patent: February 3, 1998Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Jay Robert Dorfman
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Patent number: 5708097Abstract: The present invention describes a process for reducing the chlorine content of various organochlorine compounds including the step introducing a source of iodine or bromine and mixtures thereof to the organochlorine compound.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1997Date of Patent: January 13, 1998Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: Charles K. Baumanis, Marvin M. Maynard, Alan C. Clark, Matthew R. Sivik, Clifford P. Kowall, David L. Westfall
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Patent number: 5698640Abstract: Tire curing bladders are made from poly(isobutylene-co-4-bromomethylstyrene) with a benzylic bromine content of from 0.15 to 0.45 mole percent, vulcanized with a cure system of 1,6-hexamethylene-bis(sodium thiosulfate) and zinc oxide. The vulcanizate has low residual benzylic bromine content which leads to enhanced stability under severe duty applications, reduced hot tension set, and reduced adhesion or co-cure to halobutyl tire innerliners.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1996Date of Patent: December 16, 1997Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Ilan Duvdevani, Neil Frederick Newman
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Patent number: 5686538Abstract: This invention features a process for brominating styrenic polymers which process comprises feeding a first stream comprising a brominating agent, a second stream comprising styrenic polymer and a third stream comprising bromination catalyst to a mixer to intimately mix such streams.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1996Date of Patent: November 11, 1997Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Donald E. Balhoff, Billie B. Dadgar, Charles H. Kolich, Meng-Sheng Ao, Homer C. Lin
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Patent number: 5681901Abstract: A process for halogenating a copolymer of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isomonoolefin, e.g. isobutylene, and a multiolefin, e.g. isoprene or a para-alkylstyrene, e.g., para-methylstyrene, is disclosed. Increased halogenation efficiency and decreased reaction time is achieved by conducting the reaction in the presence of a halogen source and an aqueous emulsion containing a water soluble oxidizing agent, e.g. hydrogen peroxide, which oxidizes hydrogen halide generated in-situ in the reaction back to free halogen.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1996Date of Patent: October 28, 1997Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Neil Frederick Newman
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Patent number: 5677390Abstract: This invention features a process for brominating styrenic polymers, which process comprises forming a reaction mass by feeding a mixture, (i) which is substantially free of a bromination catalyst and (ii) which is formed from at least brominating agent and a styrenic polymer, to a catalytic quantity of a bromination catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1996Date of Patent: October 14, 1997Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: Billie B. Dadgar, Donald E. Balhoff, Charles H. Kolich, Meng-Sheng Ao, Homer C. Lin
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Patent number: 5674949Abstract: This invention pertains to a method for liquid-phase fluorination for perfluorination of a wide variety of hydrogen-containing compounds.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: October 7, 1997Assignee: Exfluor Research CorporationInventors: Thomas R. Bierschenk, Timothy Juhlke, Hajimu Kawa, Richard J. Lagow
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Patent number: 5670582Abstract: A process for halogenating a copolymer of a C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 isomonoolefin, eg. isobutylene, and a para-alkylsyrene, e.g., para-methylstyrne, is disclosed. Increased halogenation efficiency is achieved by conducting the reaction under free radical halogenation conditions and in the presence of an oxidizing agent, e.g. hydrogen peroxide, which oxidizes hydrogen halide generated in-situ in the reaction back to free halogen. The oxidizing agent is preferably not added to the reaction medium until after first stage halogenation is substantially completed.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1996Date of Patent: September 23, 1997Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: David Yen-Lung Chung, Neil Frederick Newman
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Patent number: 5668220Abstract: Chlorinated and chlorosulfonated polyethylenes are produced by chlorinating substantially linear olefin polymers having a melt flow ratio, I.sub.10 /I.sub.2, .gtoreq.5.63, a molecular weight distribution, M.sub.w /M.sub.n, defined by the equation: M.sub.w /M.sub.n .gtoreq.(I.sub.10 /I.sub.2)-4.63, a critical shear rate at onset of gross melt fracture of at least 50 percent greater than the critical shear rate at the onset of surface melt fracture of a linear olefin polymer having about the same I.sub.2 and Mw/Mn and at least about 0.01 long chain branches/1000 carbons and a molecular weight distribution from about 1.5 to about 2.5 and their method of manufacture are disclosed. The chlorosulfonated polyethylenes are produced by treating the chlorinated polyethylenes with a mixture of gaseous chlorine and sulfur dioxide.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1996Date of Patent: September 16, 1997Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Lawrence J. Effler, Jr., George D. Wright, Mark T. Berard
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Patent number: 5654379Abstract: A process for the bromination of a copolymer of an isoolefin having from 4 to 7 carbon atoms and a para-alkystyrene comprising bromating the copolymer in the presence of bromine and a radical initiator thereby providing a brominated copolymer of the copolymer. The brominated copolymer is substantially free of ring bromine and backbone bromine.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1995Date of Patent: August 5, 1997Assignee: Exxon Chemicals Patent, Inc.Inventors: Kenneth William Powers, Hsien-Chang Wang
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Patent number: 5654378Abstract: The invention relates to articles including at least one polyolefin, which are surface-treated and printed with inks for PVC, which are characterized by the surface presence of fluorine and oxygen in concentrations such that the oxygen/carbon atomic ratio (O/C), measured by ESCA spectroscopy at a depth of 1.5 nm, is at least 0.08 and that the fluorine/carbon atomic ratio (F/C) (measured in the same way) has a value of at least 90% of that of the O/C ratio and of not more than 290% of this ratio. It also relates to a process for their manufacture.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 1995Date of Patent: August 5, 1997Assignee: Solvay (Societe Anonyme)Inventors: Claude Dehennau, Zdenek Hruska, Frederic Menu
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Patent number: 5637650Abstract: In a process for the suppression of backbone halogenation during the bromination of polystyrenes comprising the step of pretreating a solution of a polystyrene reactant comprising from about five to about 20 percent by weight of a polystyrene reactant, in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent with at least about 0.1 percent by weight of an additive to suppress halogenation of the polystyrene backbone prior to brominating the polystyrene in the presence of a catalyst; adding a metal halide bromination catalyst to the solution, capable of effecting bromination of the ring without causing crosslinking of the polystyrene; adding to the solution from about 1 to about 3.4 moles of a brominating agent, per mole of polystyrene repeating units; reacting the polystyrene reactant with the brominating agent at a reaction temperature of from about -20.degree. C. to about 50.degree. C., and isolating the brominated polystyrene.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 1996Date of Patent: June 10, 1997Assignee: Ferro CorporationInventors: James C. Gill, James L. Dever
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Patent number: 5637649Abstract: A process for the continuous halogenation of elastomers, in which a halogenating agent is introduced into a solution of an unsaturated elastomer in an organic solvent, is disclosed. The process is characterized in that it consists of mixing the halogenating agent in a continuous stream of the elastomer solution, thereby dissolving the halogenating agent which reacts with the elastomer in the same continuous stream, and is further characterized by keeping the continuous stream of the elastomer solution in turbulent motion without flow inversion phenomena during the course of the reaction between the halogenating agent and the elastomer.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1995Date of Patent: June 10, 1997Assignee: Pressindustria A.G.Inventors: Paolo Straneo, Carlo Maffezzoni, Alfredo Marchegiano, Enrico Moretti, Amabile Penati
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Patent number: 5626910Abstract: A process for producing a surface-modified molded product of synthetic resin, which comprises contacting a fluorine-containing gas to the surface of a molded product of synthetic resin and then contacting a polymerizable monomer to form a new polymer layer on the surface of the molded product.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1995Date of Patent: May 6, 1997Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationInventors: Yasuo Tanabe, Koshi Sasaki, Hidehiko Ohara, Naoshi Imaki
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Patent number: H1922Abstract: A composition suitable for coating fabrics is provided. The composition comprises a halogen-containing copolymer of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isomonoolefin and a para-alkylstyrene; a filler; a processing aid, and a curing agent. A fabric coated with the composition is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1994Date of Patent: November 7, 2000Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: James Vincent Fusco, Donald Frederick Kruse, Irwin Jerome Gardner