Abstract: A bead composition is disclosed herein which comprises a core of a polyacrylonitrile homopolymer or copolymer and a surface of pendant N-haloamide groups. Also disclosed is a process for the production of said composition.

Abstract: A haloalkoxylated polybutadiene polymer and a composition containing the polymer which is suitable for use in a flat sheet material such as a roofing membrane is disclosed. The polymer has a superior filler capacity, excellent flame resistivity and acceptable heat aged tensile properties. The composition, which includes at least one polymer of the present invention and from about 5 to about 160 parts by weight of a filler material per 100 parts polymer, is self-adhering without the use of an adhesive and is heat seamable to produce seams which are resistant to temperatures as high as 100.degree. C.

Abstract: Intrinsically conductive or semiconductive stable polyacetylides and methods of forming same. The unique soluble metallic polyacetylides may be formed as a conductive adherent film for coating glass, ceramics and metals. The polyacetylides may also be synthesized with pendant organic anions and cations for conductive or semiconductive materials, including integrated circuit subunits, printed circuit board equivalents and thin film electrodes in an organic battery. The polyacetylides may also be synthesized with organic crosslinkers forming high tensile strength polymers comparable to steel. A simultaneous polymerization initiation for forming the conductive polymers is also disclosed by which catalyst/reductant initiation and non-chemical initiation are used to initiate polymerization.

Abstract: A substituted polybutadiene polymer and a composition containing the polymer which is suitable for use in a flat sheet material such as a roofing membrane is disclosed. The polymer has a superior filler capacity, excellent flame resistivity and acceptable heat aging properties, especially heat aged elongations. The composition, which includes the polymer of the present invention and from about 5 to about 160 parts by weight of a filler material per 100 parts polymer, is self-adhering without the use of an adhesive and is heat seamable to produce seams which are resistant to temperatures as high as 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and a perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) having the formula (I):CF.sub.2 .dbd.CF--O--Rf (I)wherein Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms; and said copolymer having 1 to 10% by weight of the perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) units, having 7 to 20, per 10.sup.6 carbon atoms, of terminal groups --CONH.sub.2, having substantially no --CH.sub.2 OH and no --COF, and having a melt viscosity at 380.degree. C. of 0.1.times.10.sup.4 to 100.times.10.sup.4 poise and a preparation process thereof. The tetrafluoroethylene copolymer is thermally stable and has excellent powder properties. Molded articles thereform have a few bubbles and excellent dimensional stability on heating.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a method for liquid phase fluorination for perfluorination of a wide variety of hydrogen-containing compounds.

Abstract: A chlorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer having a chlorine content of 20 to 45% by weight and a Mooney viscosity (ML.sub.1+4, 100.degree. C.) of 10 to 150 is produced by chlorinating in two or three stages, by contact with chlorine gas in an aqueous suspension, an ethylene-propylene copolymer having a propylene content of 15 to 40% by weight, a melt flow index of 0.01 to 5.0 g/10 minutes, a melting peak as measured by differential scan calorimeter (DSC) of 80.degree. C. or more, a crystallinity as measured by X-rays of 3% or more, an index M.sub.W /M.sub.N of the distribution of molecular weight, determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of greater than 4, and a Mooney visocisty (ML.sub.1+4, 100.degree. C.) of 10 to 180.

Abstract: A process for halogenating polymers by contacting a polymer either in solution or in bulk with a halogenating agent in the presence of an acid scavenger. Halogenated polymer, e.g., butyl rubber, with a particular structure is obtained and the product suffers less molecular weight loss. Combinations of acid scavengers can also be used and the scavenger can be dispersed in the polymer prior to halogenation and/or added to the reaction zone during halogenation.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed herein which comprises a core of a polyacrylonitrile homopolymer or copolymer and a surface of N-haloamides. Also disclosed is a process for the production of said composition.

Abstract: A halogenation process is provided for halogenating a polymer, in which process the halogenation reaction product is neutralized by reaction of an aqueous alkaline material in the presence of a critical limited amount of alcohol to increase the neutralization rate.

Abstract: A process for the chlorination of a polyolefin is provided in accordance with the present invention. This process comprises mixing an anti-coagulant with a finely divided polyolefin, and then subjecting the resulting mixture to a multi-step chlorination in the presence of a free radical generation accelerant.The chlorinated polyolefin so produced is suitable to use as a raw material in the production of many kinds of adhesives.

Abstract: A chlorinated ethylene-alpha olefin-nonconjugated diolefin terpolymer having a chlorine content of from about 0.5 to 14 percent by weight characterized by superior viscosity stability on storage or exposure to elevated temperatures is obtained by chlorinating an ethylene-alpha olefin-nonconjugated diolefin terpolymer wherein said nonconjugated diolefin is an acyclic nonconjugated diolefin characterized in that one olefinic bond is monosubstituted and terminal and the other olefinic bond is trisubstituted. A vulcanizable rubber composition comprising said chlorinated ethylene-alpha olefin-nonconjugated diolefin terpolymer and cure active agents is also provided.

Abstract: Ziegler-Natta catalyzed polymer chains are end capped with at least one functional group-containing unit which is otherwise essentially absent from said polymer chain. The chains can be grafted to form graft copolymers and star copolymers. The compositions are useful as oil additives and in general purpose elastomer as well as thermoplastic polymer compositions.

Abstract: New perfluoropolyethers comprising repeating units chosen from among ##STR1## statistically distributed along the chain, having a controlled molecular weight and brominated end groups, prepared starting from the product of the photochemical oxidation of C.sub.2 F.sub.4, and/or C.sub.3 F.sub.6, containing peroxidic oxygen, and subsequent treatment in liquid phase with bromine, at temperatures ranging from -40 to 130.degree. C. with the presence of ultraviolet radiations, said new perfluoropolyethers derivatives being useful as additives in rubber mixes vulcanizable with peroxides, in amounts of 0.01 to 5 parts by w per 100 parts by weight of elastomer, optionally in combination with non brominated perfluoropolyethers to improve the processability in the extrusion and the detachability of the vulcanized articles from the molding.

Abstract: A chlorinated ethylene-alpha olefin-nonconjugated diolefin terpolymer having a chlorine content of from about 0.5 to 14 percent by weight characterized by superior viscosity stability on storage or exposure to elevated temperatures is obtained by chlorinating an ethylene-alpha olefin-nonconjugated diolefin terpolymer wherein said nonconjugated diolefin is a bridged ring nonconjugated diolefin characterized in that it is a 5-alkenyl-2-norbornene wherein the alkenyl group is a C.sub.5 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon group with a trisubstituted olefinic bond that is not .alpha., .beta. to said 2-norbornene ring.

Abstract: Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is prepared from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). When PVC is made utilizing polyvinyl alcohol, the low molecular weight CPVC compound so prepared is colored. A low molecular weight CPVC compound prepared from PVC that was made in the presence of a cellulose ether instead of polyvinyl alcohol resulted in a very low color compound having a DE of O by definition. However, a CPVC compound prepared from PVC made in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol resulted in a relatively high color (DE 18.51). During the polymerization of vinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol is replaced with the hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose ether having a methoxyl substitution of 15-35 percent and a hydroxypropoxyl substitution of from 4-35 percent.

Abstract: Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins when crosslinked have improved melt strength in comparison with non-crosslinked chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins. Moreover, the crosslinked chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins have unexpected improved processing properties such as reduced processing torque in comparison with crosslinked polyvinyl chloride resins which upon crosslinking exhibit increased processing torque. Various amounts of non-crosslinked chlorinated polyvinyl chloride and/or non-crosslinked polyvinyl chloride which does not affect said improved properties can be blended with the crosslinked chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins.

Abstract: Powders of tetrafluoroethylene copolymer having a non-spherical particle shape, a frictional packing ratio of 20 to 200% and an average particle size of 5 to 500 .mu.m. The powders are useful for powder coatings, particularly roto-molding, roto-lining and electrostatic coating.

Abstract: Styrenic polymers are brominated by a process comprising dispersing at least one Lewis acid catalyst in at least one inert halogenated solvent and contacting said Lewis acid catalyst dispersion with a solution of at least one ring-brominatable styrenic polymer in at least one inert halogenated solvent and at least one brominating agent.

Abstract: A chlorinated terpolymer of a precursor terpolymer containing 3-20 weight percent acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, 3-20 weight percent vinyl acetate and 60-90 weight percent ethylene contains 20-60 weight percent chlorine and has a Brookfield viscosity of about 150-600 cP when measured at 25.degree. C. in xylene solution at a concentration of 25% by weight chlorinated terolymer. The chlorinated terpolymer contains 20-60 and preferably 25-55 weight percent chlorine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a perfluorinated copolymer having a predetermined ratio of monomer units, which comprises copolymerizing 99.5 to 50 mole % of (I) tetrafluoroethylene with 0.5 to 50 mole % of (II) a monomer represented by the following general formula:CF.sub.2 =CFOCH.sub.2 C.sub.n F.sub.l X.sub.m H.sub.(2n+1-l-m) (II)wherein X stands for --Cl or --Br, n is an integer of at least 0, l is an integer of from 0 to (2n+1), m is 0 or 1, and the relation of l+m.ltoreq.2n+1 is established, in the state where both the monomers are dissolved at a predetermined monomer ratio in an organic solvent, to thereby form a copolymer comprising units of the monomers at a ratio substantially equal to said predetermined monomer ratio, and fluorinating said copolymer with molecular fluorine.The heat resistance is highly improved in the copolymer obtained according to this process without degradation of other physical properties, and generation of hydrogen fluoride by heat is hardly caused.

Abstract: Novel N-chloroamide polymers and a process for the production thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to adducts of a partially hydrogenated acrylonigrile-butadiene rubber and a halogen selected from chlorine and bromine. The preferred adducts are characterized by having a surprisingly low gel content of less than ten weight percent, as measured by weight percent insoluble in methyl ethyl ketone after sixteen hours at 30.degree. C.

Abstract: It has been found that the properties of polycyclic cycloolefins, in particular poly(dicyclopentadiene), can be substantially improved by halogenation of the surface. Both aqueous and gaseous treatments of the polymer have been found to significantly improve the resistance to various acids and solvents. Chlorine, fluorine and bromine, in particular, when incorporated into the surface of the polymer increase chemical resistance, improve retention of properties upon aging, reduce emission of residual monomer, and encourage better adhesion of paint.Among the substances found to provide the desired chemical resistance on the polymer surface were dry chlorine gas, aqueous chlorine, immersion in liquid bromine, aqueous bromine, and fluorine gas. Similar improvement in chemical resistance can be obtained through treatment with pseudohalogen compounds or interhalogen compounds.

Abstract: A fluoropolymer, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, is easily and efficiently converted into a lower molecular weight polymer in the form of a fine powder by subjecting the fluoropolymer to contact reaction with a gas comprising molecular fluorine or a suitable fluoride such as nitrogen trifluoride or xenon difluoride at a temperature between the melting temperature of the fluoropolymer and 600.degree. C., extracting a hot reaction gas produced by the contact reaction from the reactor and cooling the extracted reaction gas to a temperature not high than 100.degree. C. to thereby precipitate the molecular weight reduced fluoropolymer contained in the hot reaction gas as vapor.

Abstract: A modified olefinic polymer is obtained by fluorinating an ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer having the following properties (i) to (iv), said ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer being prepared by copolymerizing ethylene and an .alpha.-olefin having 3 to 12 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst comprising a solid catalyst component and an organoaluminum compound, said solid catalyst component containing at least magnesium and titanium:(i) Melt index: 0.01-100 g/10 min(ii) Density: 0.860-0.910 g.cm.sup.3(iii) Maximum peak temperature (Tm) as measured according to a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) should be not lower than 100.degree. C.(iv) Insolubles in boiling n-hexane should be not less than 10% by weight.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of making perfluorinated elastomeric materials, and to materials made by such methods. In the full synthetic scheme, a partially fluorinated polymeric compound, with moieties to prevent crystallization, is created. It is then crosslinked to a desired degree, then perfluorinated.Various intermediate materials, such as partially fluorinated crosslinked polymers, have useful properties, and are or may become commercially available. One embodiment of this invention therefore relates to perfluorination of a selected partially fluorinated, crosslinked material, which is one step of the full synthetic scheme.

Abstract: Dehydrogenated polycyclopentadiene which is insoluble in organic solvents, has a specific conductivity of at least 10.sup.-7 S.cm.sup.-1 and contains essentially the recurring structural units of the formulae III to VIII ##STR1## in which X.sup.- is an anion derived from iodine or a metal pentahalide or metalloid pentahalide, is obtained by treating polycyclopentadiene with iodine or a metal pentahalide or metalloid pentahalide and can be used as an electrically conducting material for the production of, for example, conductors, electrodes, batteries or semi-conductors, components.

Abstract: A novel copolymer resin which has excellent tackifying properties for selected elastomers useful in hot melt and pressure sensitive adhesives is produced by the copolymerization of beta-pinene with other terpenes or hydrocarbon monomers, followed by thermal catalytic isomerization of the resin produced. Typically, beta-pinene and styrene (80/20) are copolymerized at a temperature between 0.degree. to 60.degree. C. under anhydrous conditions with a Lewis acid catalyst in a solvent. After catalyst removal, the copolymer resin is isomerized with iodine as a catalyst at a temperature between 200.degree. to 260.degree. C. Excellent yields of high softening point tackifier resins are produced.

Abstract: A chlorinated copolymer made from vinyl chloride monomers and vinyl containing comonomers such as vinyl acetate has good low (e.g., about 120.degree. C.) and high (e.g., about 170.degree. C.) temperature stability as measured by hydrogen chloride elimination. The copolymer is made by suspension polymerizing vinyl chloride monomers (from about 70 to about 95 percent by weight) and vinyl containing comonomers (from about 5 to about 30 percent by weight) and subsequently chlorinating the copolymer to add chloride sites to the vinyl chloride units as well as to the comonomer units such as vinyl acetate. After chlorination, the copolymer is subjected to a heat treatment chlorination process whereby the stability of the copolymer is dramatically improved. The heat treatment chlorination process comprises heating the copolymer to temperatures generally in excess of 100.degree. C. to degrade the resin whereby hydrogen chloride is liberated and then chlorinating the resin by adding pressurized chlorine thereto.

Abstract: Dehydrogenated poly(spiro[2,4]hepta-4,6-diene) which is insoluble in organic solvents, has an electrical conductivity of at least 10.sup.-10 S.times.cm.sup.-1, and contains, relative to the total number of recurring structural units in the polymer, 0-90 mol % of the recurring structural units of the formulae I and II ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is in each case a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 C atoms, and 10-100 mol % of at least one of the recurring structural units of the formulae III to VI ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 is as defined in formula I or II and X.sup.- is a bromide or iodide ion or an anion of a Lewis or protonic acid, is obtained by treating poly(spiro[2,4]-hepta-4,6-diene) with bromine, iodine or a Lewis or proton-donating acid, and can be used in an electrically conducting material for the production of, for example, conductors, electrodes, batteries or semiconductor components.

Abstract: Polybrominated higher alkylbenzenes may be produced by reacting the corresponding hydrocarbon material with bromine chloride in an excess bromine reaction medium in the presence of an antimony halide catalyst.

Abstract: Ground polymeric elastomer or other polymeric plastic, particularly from recovered scrap, is surface modified by treatment with a gaseous mixture containing a minor amount of fluorine and a larger amount of at leasts one reactive gas in an inert gaseous carrier. By the treatment the ground material is made more compatible for admixture with polyfunctional polymer-forming liquids, thereby obtaining novel composites of controlled physical properties. The other reactive gas is preferably oxygen or one of the gases from the group consisting of: chlorine and SO.sub.2 with or without added oxygen.

Abstract: A chlorinated rubber having a chlorine content of 10 to 45% by weight based on the weight of the chlorinated rubber and a Mooney Viscosity, ML.sub.1+4 (121.degree. C.), of 10 to 190 is obtained by chlorinating an ethylene/alpha-olefin/non-conjugated diene copolymer rubber containing 5-vinyl-2-norbornene as the non-conjugated diene. The chlorinated rubber has excellent processability in roll milling, extrusion, etc.

Abstract: The invention comprises regenerative reactive articles having surfaces useful for decontamination comprising hydrohalide-polyhalides or quaternary halide-perhalide salts corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is BR or I; n is an integer of about 5 to 1,000, R is H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl radical; and the backbone polymer is in the form of a film or fabric. The invention also comprises the process of preparing the said reactive surfaces.

Abstract: Pelletized thermoplastic polymers or resins containing (--CONH--) groups such as the nylons can readily be brominated or chlorinated in organic solvents to convert the (--NH--) units to (--NBr--) or (--NCl--) units and to form solutions of the N-brominated or N-chlorinated thermoplastic polymers or resins. These N-brominated or N-chlorinated thermoplastic polymer solutions can be coated on a cellular or solid rubbery hydrocarbon polymer substrate, such as an EPDM rubber in the form of a weatherstrip or glass run channel, dried and irradiated with ultraviolet light or heated at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to reform the amide (--CONH--) groups and to provide the rubbery substrate with an adherent and abrasion resistant coating which also exhibits reduced ice adhesion and coefficient of friction.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of polyacrylamides are acidified and then reacted with halogen gas or hypohalites to provide N-halogenated polymers. The product of the process are good wet strength additives for paper made from aqueous pulps of paper making fibers.

Abstract: A process and the product made thereby are disclosed in the preferred form of this process, chlorinated polyethylene is first fluorinated ambient temperature for an interval of contact with elemental fluorine. Then, contact with a strong base converts the polymer into conjugated double bonds, reducing electrical resistance. The double bonds yield a surface layer able to controllably conduct electrical current.

Abstract: Polymeric photoactive iodonium salts are provided which are useful as photoinitiators and thermal initiators when used in combination with copper salts for cationically polymerizable organic materials. Methods for making the photoactive polymeric iodonium salts also are provided.

Abstract: An electroconductive resin composite is produced by polymerizing at least one monomer a polymer of which is electroconductive in a matrix of a resin which exhibits the anisotropy in the melt phase to form a composite of the obtained polymer and the resin. The resin composite is obtained in the form of film and a moulded article.

Abstract: Ground polymer elastomer or other polymeric plastic, particularly from recovered scrap, is surface modified by treatment with a gaseous mixture containing a minor amount of fluorine and a larger amount of at least one reactive gas in an inert gaseous carrier. By the treatment the ground material is made more compatible for admixture with polyfunctional polymer-forming liquids, thereby obtaining novel composites of controlled physical properties. The other reactive gas is preferably oxygen or one of the gases from the group consisting of: chlorine and SO.sub.2 with or without added oxygen.

Abstract: Halogenated polyethylene resins and halogenated ethylene polymer resins having a reduced tendency to "block" are provided. The halogenated resins are prepared respectively from polyethylene and ethylene polymer starting materials which have a weight-based median particle size of from about 120 to about 600 microns and a weight-based particle size distribution such that more than 60 percent of the particles have a particle size of from about 130 to about 850 microns. The halogenated resins also have a weight-based median particle size of from about 200 to about 900 microns. The halogenated polyethylene resins have a chemically combined halogen content of from about 26 to about 42 weight percent whereas the halogenated ethylene polymer resins have a chemically combined halogen content of from about 15 to about 28 weight percent.

Abstract: The present invention is a group of new polymers and treated, semi-permeable, polymeric membranes made from the new polymers, having improved selectivity for separating components of a gas mixture. The membrane is provided by fluorinating a polymer cast into membrane form, having the general structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups; R.sub.4 is a linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl or aryl group; X is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group or phenyl; m is at least 100; and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A primer composition composed of 1 to 100 parts by weight of a chlorinated carboxyl group-containing .alpha.-olefin polymer and 100 parts by weight of an organic solvent therefor, the improvement wherein(i) said chlorinated carboxyl group-containing .alpha.-olefin polymer is a post-chlorination product [C] of a graft-modified propylene polymer [B] having a chlorine content of 10 to 35% by weight, said graft-modified propylene polymer [B] having an acid value of 6 to 187 mg-KOH/g-polymer and obtained by grafting an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride to a propylene polymer [A] having an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.], determined at 135.degree. C. in decalin, of 0.6 to 10 dl/g and comprising 70 to 100 mole % of propylene and 0 to 30 mole % of an .alpha.-olefin other than propylene, and(ii) said solvent is an organic solvent boiling at about 60.degree. to about 200.degree. C.

Abstract: Polyolefin particles having a halogenated surface region, which are prepared by irradiating ultraviolet rays to an aqueous dispersion of polyolefin particles in the presence of a halogen gas. The polyolefin particles having a halogenated surface region have an improved property of retaining volatile blowing agents and can provide expandable particles having an improved storability in the open state.

Abstract: A pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable amphipathic, non-cross linked linear, branched or graft block copolymer, which has a minimum weight average molecular-weight of 1000, in which the hydrophobic component is biodegradable or hydrolytically unstable under normal physiological conditions, and the hydrophilic component may or may not be biodegradable or hydrolytically unstable under such conditions, and which copolymer is self-dispersible in water; together with mixtures of such a copolymer and a drug, which may be water-soluble of water-insoluble, which mixtures are self-dispersible in water; and processes for the manufacture of such copolymers and such mixtures.

Abstract: A tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro(alkyl vinyl)ether copolymer substantially free of unstable end groups and extractable fluoride that cause corrosion of metal surfaces.

Abstract: An on-line film fluorination apparatus cooperative with a continuous polymer film extruding apparatus is set forth. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, a continuous feed film is introduced into a closed cabinet or housing having alignment and guide rollers for directing the film into the housing. The film passes around a first roller having a portion thereof formed of sintered nickel to enable gaseous impregnation of the surface of the film with a gas flow including fluorine. The gas acts on the exposed face of the film, changing the surface of the polymer film, thereby providing a relatively thick surface upgrading of the film. After exposure to the fluorine, the film passes a closed vacuum container having an open face adjacent to the film surface for drawing off unreacted fluorine for recapture and recycling.

Abstract: Crystalline brominated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least two bromine atoms per repeat unit is disclosed. The crystalline brominated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by a Fourier transform infrared spectrum which includes absorption at 795.+-.5, 835.+-.5, and 865.+-.5 cm.sup.-1. A method for preparing the crystalline brominated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is also disclosed.

Abstract: Synthetic resins such as absorption resins which have been cross-linked with a molecule having pendant double bonds which reacted with a reactive molecule such as molecular halogen, to eliminate unreacted pendant double bonds present in the resin. This method renders the resin less susceptible to runaway thermal reactions which can cause the resin to burn.