Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a rubber containing polymer bound antidegradants. The process comprises the aqueous emulsion polymerization of (a) at least one functionalized monomer that contains an antidegradant moiety and a polymerizable vinyl group; with (b) at least one copolymerizable conjugated diene monomer, wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of from about 1 to about 70 parts by weight of an ester based on 100 parts by weight of total monomers. The ester functions as a synergist for the antidegradant, as a cosolvent/dispersing agent for the antidegradant during emulsion polymerization and as a plasticizer for the final polymer product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the living cationic polymerization of vinylic unsaturated monomers in the presence of halogenated aliphatic acids and the zinc salts of halogenated aliphatic acids.

Abstract: Basic polypyrrylenemethines, and salts thereof, having conjugated double bonds and constructed from optionally substituted five-membered heterocyclic rings containing nitrogen, as the only hetero atom in the ring are disclosed, with the five-membered rings, in each case, being bonded to one another in pairs via an optionally substituted carbon atom as a bridging member. The polymer compositions of the invention contain at least five of these five-membered rings and 0 to 50%, relative to the weight of these polymers, of dopants and/or being electrochemically doped. A process for the preparation of the claimed compositions is further disclosed. The polymer compositions of the invention have electroconducting and semi-conducting properties and are useful, for example, in batteries, circuits and switches, if appropriately used in conjunction with other polymers. In addition, the compounds of the invention can also be employed as absorbents for heavy metals and as catalysts.

Abstract: A monomer which is hardly souble in water is effectively emulsion polymerized or copolymerized in the presence of a polymerization initiating source when the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a monovalent cation.

Abstract: A vehicle for slow dissolving a coating material, comprising a triorganosilyl (meth) acrylate copolymer consisting essentially of repeating units represented by the formula ##STR1## The vehicle contains no harmful substances and is nontoxic, and therefore can be advantageously used as a vehicle for safe and effective coatings or treating agents.

Abstract: Allyloxy activated surface coatings of free radical-polymerizable compounds having fugitive acid stabilized metal drier and peroxide free radical initiator form durable films over urethane substrates.

Abstract: ABA triblock polymers that have glycidyl methacrylate as the A segments and (meth)acrylate monomers as the B segment are made by group transfer polymerization, using a monofunctional initiator to make the A, then AB segments. A coupling agent is used to connect the AB segments at the B group.

Abstract: A radiation curable liquid resin composition comprising a radiation curable liquid base resin and polymer microparticles having an average particle size from 0.01 to 0.6 microns. The incorporation of polymer microparticles to the base resin may improve the rheological property of the liquid composition and also the physical properties of cured film therefrom.

Abstract: A process for producing monodispersed fine particles of a vinyl polymer is disclosed, which comprises polymerizing monomers containing at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of aromatic vinyl compounds, acrylic esters, and a methacrylic ester in the presence of (1) a surface active agent represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexyl group and M represents an alkali metal, (2) from 10.sup.-3 to 10.sup.-1 mol/l of a persulfate as a polymerization initiator, and (3) from 10.sup.-4 to 10.sup.-2 mol/l of a divalent metal sulfate as an electrolyte. Monodispersed vinyl polymer fine particles having a particle size of 1 .mu.m or greater with a very narrow size distribution are obtained.

Abstract: Copolymers of vinyl or vinylidene halides and vinyl esters of C.sub.2 and C.sub.3 acids are provided having low molecular weights, good particle characteristics, and improved melt flow are made by aqueous polymerization utilizing an effective amount of a mercaptan as a chain transfer agent, wherein the chain transfer agent is admixed with the vinyl esters to form a chain transfer composition, and may be added before the start of the polymerization.

Abstract: Water-soluble copolymers having a K value of from 8 to 100 (determined on the Na salt of the copolymers according to H. Fikentscher in aqueous solution at 25.degree. C., at a pH of 7 and at a concentration of the Na salt of the polymer of 1% by weight) are prepared by copolymerization of monomer mixtures of(a) from 98.5 to 18.5 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acids,(b) from 1.5 to 20 mol % of one or more comonomers which contain two or more ethylenically unsaturated, nonconjugated double bonds which are separated from one another by one or more ester bonds,(c) from 0 to 80 mol % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing polymer particles having monodisperse particle size comprising:adding a dispersion stabilizer, a polymerizable monomer and a polymerization initiator to an organic solvent to conduct polymerization, wherein said organic solvent has a solubility parameter (SP value) higher than that of the resultant polymer by at least 1.0 and said dispersion stabilizer is soluble in said organic solvent and has a free radical reactive group of 10.sup.-3 to 1 mmol/g; andremoving said organic solvent.

Abstract: Copolymers of vinyl or vinylidene halides and vinyl esters of fatty acids having low molecular weights, good particle characteristics, and improved melt flow are made by aqueous polymerization utilizing an effective amount of a mercaptan as a chain transfer agent, wherein the chain transfer agent is admixed with the vinyl ester to form a chain transfer composition, and the composition be added before the start of the polymerization.

Abstract: The vinyl chloride polymers forming part of the composition of the plastisols result from the polymerization of vinyl chloride in aqueous medium with the aid of sulphosuccinamate(s). After gelling at 120.degree.-140.degree. C., the plastisols based on such polymers have an excellent adhesiveness to metal. They are more particularly suitable for coating sheet metal processed by electrostatic spraying.

Abstract: The water dispersibility of water-soluble vinyl polymers, for example, polyacrylamides, is improved by incorporating a suitable surfactant in the monomer mixture from which the polymer is formed. The polymerization is effected by an initial phase of ultraviolet radiation-induced free radical polymerization until the monomer mix achieves the temperature at which chemically-induced free radical polymerization commences and then a terminal phase of chemically-induced free radical polymerization.

Abstract: A novel polycondensable macaronmonomer of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is OH or COOH, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and are each a single bond or an alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 is hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 is hydrogen atom or methyl, X is an alkyloxycarbonyl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, a sustituted alkyloxycarbonyl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyloxycarbonyl moiety, a cycloalkyloxycarbonyl having 3 to 7 carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl moiety, or phenyl, and n is an integer of from 1 to 1.times.10.sup.4, which is useful as an intermediate for the prodcution of a polymer having comb-shape structure useful as an adhesive, adhesion improver, caompatibilizing agent, surfactant, etc.

Abstract: Allyolxy activated surface coatings of free radical-polymerizable compounds having fugitive acid stabilized metal drier and peroxide free radical initiator form durable films over urethane substrates.

Abstract: A process for the production of paste-forming polymers of vinyl chloride by emulsion or microsuspension polymerization, utilizes as the auxiliary dispersant an alcohol glycol ether of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl- or alkylene residue of 16-30 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is H or an alkyl residue of 1-2 carbon atoms, and n is a number from 1 to 3. It is also possible to employ the predispersion method. The polymers yield pastes of low viscosity and an almost Newtonian fluid characteristic, and final products exhibiting a high resistance to fogging.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of carrying out an aqueous emulsion copolymerization to provide an alkali-soluble anionic copolymer having thickening characteristics while minimizing plating and grit problems in which the aqueous emulsion copolymerization of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising from 15% to 50% by weight of carboxyl-functional monomer, at least about 10% by weight of monomer, preferably a urethane monomer, having surfactant characteristics, and the balance of the monomers being selected to provide a water insoluble copolymer, is carried out in the presence of a salt of an aromatic sulfonic acid, such as sodium styrene sulfonate, in an amount of from about 0.1% up to about 6.0%, by weight.

Abstract: Polymers of vinyl halides having low molecular weights, good particle characteristics, and improved melt flow are made by aqueous polymerization utilizing an effective amount of a mercaptan as a chain transfer agent, wherein the mercaptan chain transfer agent is mixed with at least one material which is non-polymerizable with vinyl chloride and wherein said non-polymerizable material is substantially insoluble in water and is miscible with said mercaptan to form a chain transfer composition, and said chain transfer composition is added before the start of the polymerization while maintaining colloidal stability.

Abstract: A terpolymer of acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate and N-tert-butylacrylamide is prepared by suspension polymerization.

Abstract: Coating compositions comprising (a) free-radical polymerizable compound, (b) metal drier reversibly inhibited to catalyzing free-radical polymerization by a fugitive acid and (c) an allyloxy compound exhibiting long pot life and rapid cure, e.g. at elevated temperature, to hard, tough coatings.

Abstract: Porous particles of crosslinked PVC are disclosed. The particles are skinless and have a fast powder mix time. Processes to produce the novel particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Porous particles of crosslinked PVC are disclosed. The particles are skinless and have a fast powder mix time. Processes to produce the novel particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Porous particles of crosslinked PVC are disclosed. The particles are skinless and have a fast powder mix time. Processes to produce the novel particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion polymerization process is provided for preparing water-in-oil latexes of water-soluble polymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The process utilizes as a chain transfer agent a thiol having the formula HS-Y(Z).sub.x wherein Y is a hydrocarbyl radical having 2-5 carbons and a valence of x+1; Z is selected from the group consisting of --OH, --CO.sub.2 H and --CO.sub.2 R wherein R is an alkyl radical of 1-3 carbon atoms; x is an integer of 1 or 2 and wherein the total number of carbon atoms per molecule of the thiol is 2-7.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein M is a cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, ammonium, amino, and hydrogen; and wherein x and y are independently selected from 0 to 2.These compounds are disclosed as being useful as graftable and/or copolymerizable surfactants in latex preparation.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of a methacrylic polymer having excellent heat resistance, which comprises radical-polymerizing a monomer or monomer mixture consisting of 80 to 100% by weight of methyl methacrylate and 0 to 20% by weight of a copolymerizable vinyl monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator and one or more of specific chain transfer agents selected from the group consisting of(A) 2-mercaptoethyl alkanecarboxylate of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl having 4 to 12 carbon atoms,(B) alkyl 3-mercaptopropionate of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is an alkyl having 4 to 18 atoms. The methacrylic resin prepared by this invention has excellent heat resistance and can give formed products having excellent heat resistance (high heat distortion temperature) without increase of monomer content processing thereof.

Abstract: Paste-forming polymers of vinyl chloride are produced by discontinuous emulsion polymerization, adding to the polymerization charge, in a batchwise or continuous fashion, an emulsifier system comprising(a) alkyl sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, or sulfosuccinates in amounts of 0.2-3% by weight, based on the amount of monomer, and(b) 50-200% by weight, based on the amount of surface active agent employed, of a C.sub.14 -C.sub.20 -alkyl alcohol.the PVC powders obtained yield pastes exhibiting low viscosities in both the low and high shear ranges.

Abstract: Low-viscosity acrylate hydrosols based on (meth)-acrylic acid esters and other monomers, such as styrene, methyl styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and/or vinyl chloride, which are produced in the presence of a special mixed emulsifier of an alkyl phenol ether sulfate and an .alpha.-sulfocarboxylic acid and/or an ester thereof with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alcohol.

Abstract: In the emulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers, an improvement comprises the use of 3-mercaptopropionate esters as chain-transfer agents. Novel polymers are produced by the inventive polymerization process.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of fluorinated olefin monomers using a fluoroxy compound solution as initiator, wherein said solution has a fluoroxy compound concentration of at least 0.5 meq/liter. The concentration contains, based on the total number of fluoroxy compounds present, about 35 to 100% of an acyl hypofluorite of the formula RCOOF wherein R is X(CF.sub.2).sub.n -- or CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O[CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O].sub.m CF(CF.sub.3)-- wherein n is 1 to 16, m is 0 to 50, and X is H or F.

Abstract: A radiation curable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a liquid oligomer having one or more acrylic unsaturated double bonds in its molecule, 0.2 to 20 parts by weight of a thiol compound and 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of acrylic monomer has high cohesion and is excellent in adhesiveness.

Abstract: Copolymers prepared by emulsion or solution copolymerization, initiated by free radicals, of unsaturated copolymerizable monomers, the copolymers being built up from(a) 1-45% by weight of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids,(b) 0.5-30% by weight of a surface-active crotonic acid ester,(c) 30-85% by weight of methacrylic acid esters or acrylic acid esters of aliphatic (C.sub.1 -C.sub.18)-alcohols,(d) 0-40% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated comonomers,(e) 0-3% by weight of polyethylenically unsaturated compounds and(f) 0-5% by weight of molecular weight regulators,and, if appropriate, the free acid groups of the copolymers subsequently having been partly or completely neutralized by addition of bases and converted into water-soluble or colloidally water-dispersible copolymer salts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer having a thiol group at one end of the molecule, which is obtained by subjecting the monomers capable of radical polymerization to radical polymerization in the presence of a thiolcarboxylic acid and then treating the resulting polymer with an alkali or acid; to a process for producing the same; and to a block copolymer based on the polymer having a thiol group at the end.The polymer having a thiol group at one end is difficult of forming disulfide linkages by oxidation and thus difficult of becoming insoluble. It is also a highly reactive material that will find wide use in varied application areas such as capture of heavy metals by forming a mercaptide. The block copolymer based on the polymer having a thiol group at the end is superior in compatibility and will find wide use in varied application areas such as surface size for paper, textile fiber finishing, additives for adhesives and paints, and binders for non woven textiles.

Abstract: An improvement is disclosed in a process for conducting PTFE dispersion polymerization, comprising use of tertiary perfluorinated compounds as rate enhancing additives.

Abstract: There is provided an anaerobic curing adhesives showing a quick curing property for not only active metals such as iron series metals etc., but also plated metals, comprising 100 parts by weight of anaerobically polymerizable monomers containing at least 10% by weight of a hydrophilic anaerobically polymerizable monomer capable of dissolving more than 0.5% by weight of water and following components (all parts are by weight) (a) to (d)(a) o-benzoic sulfimide: 0.1 to 5 parts(b) an aromatic tertiary amine: 0.1 to 5 parts(c) a radical polymerization initiator: 0.05 to 3 parts(d) water: 0.5 to 5 parts.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of fluorinated olefin monomers using a fluoroxy compound solution as initiator, wherein said solution has a fluoroxy compound concentration of at least 0.5 meq/liter. The concentration contains, based on the total number of fluoroxy compounds present, about 35 to 100% of an acyl hypofluorite of the formula X(CF.sub.2).sub.n COOF wherein X is H or F and n is 1 to 16.

Abstract: In the suspension polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene to make granular polymers, presence of a selected salt of a perfluorinated nonanoate enhances desirable properties of the product and the process.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for the polymerization of acrylamide and for the copolymerization of acrylamide with other monomers. It employs molecular weight jumpers that greatly enhance the molecular weight of the polymer formed. These high molecular weight acrylamide polymers offer outstanding advantages as enhanced oil recovery injection water viscosifiers.

Abstract: A method of emulsion copolymerization of ethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene in the presence of a water soluble initiator and a water soluble fluorosurfactant. The fluorosurfactant having the general formula: CA.sub.3 (CF.sub.2).sub.B (C.sub.2 H.sub.4).sub.D -X wherein A is selected from H and F, B is 1 to 10, D is 1 to 6, and X is a hydrophilic group.

Abstract: Acrylamide polymers having remarkably high molecular weights can be obtained by polymerizing acrylamide or a monomer mixture comprising a preponderant quantity of acrylamide in an aqueous medium with the use of a specific redox initiator and a specific azo compound initiator. The polymerization initiator used in this porcess comprises a combination of a persulfate, formaldehyde sodium sufoxylate and 2,2'-azobis-2-amidinopropane.

Abstract: Styrene and maleic anhydride monomers are copolymerized in 1,2-dichloroethane employing 3-mercaptopropionic acid or methyl-3-mercaptopropionate chain transfer agents producing an odorless copolymer in the molecular weight range of about 500 to 10,000 which remains soluble in the solvent. The resultant copolymer may be conveniently sulfonated in the 1,2-dichloroethane solvent used for the polymerization thereby producing an odorless sulfonated copolymer.

Abstract: What are disclosed are a method for making an emulsion polymer by polymerizing water insoluble free-radically polymerizable monomers, or monomer mixtures predominantly comprising such monomers, by emulsion polymerization in the presence of a polymerization initiator which is soluble in organic solvents and has at least limited solubility in water, and in the further presence of a free non-polymerizable emulsifying acid, also soluble in organic solvents, and the conversion of such an emulsion polymer by spray drying into a polymer powder which is completely soluble in organic solvents to form clear solutions from which polymer films of reduced water sensitivity can be formed.

Abstract: Low molecular weight polydisperse isocyanate-functional acrylic polymers are prepared by direct reaction of the monomers, e.g., 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate, in the presence of a mercaptan chain-transfer agent and a polymerization initiator but in the substantial absence of water and of Lewis-type bases.

Abstract: A water soluble, vinyl addition polymer of acrylamide comprising a hydrophobic terminal group is useful as an adsorbate and as a flow modifier in aqueous systems. The polymer is particularly useful as a thickening agent or rheology modifier for water based multiphase systems, a block improvement additive in water based coatings formulations, a stabilizer for aqueous emulsions (including polymer emulsions), a transfer aid in water based ink or roll coater formulations, a surfactant and a dispersant. The disclosure also comprises a solution polymerization method of preparing the polymer.

Abstract: Anaerobically-curing compositions are described comprising (A) a polymerizable monomer; (B) a halogen-containing compound as a first initiator component; (C) an organic thiol as a second initiator component; and (D) an inhibitor of free-radical polymerization. These compositions are particularly suitable as adhesives and may be formulated as thread-locking adhesives, or may be modified by the addition of various modifying polymers to obtain desired properties such as increased viscosities or pressure-sensitive properties.

Abstract: Adhesive compositions are described which consist of an adhesive base as a first part and an initiator portion as a second part, said first part consisting essentially of (a) 100 parts by weight of a polymerizable monomer having at least one .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxyl functionality; (b) about 0.05 to 20 parts by weight of a halogenated organic compound as an accelerator; and (c) an inhibitor of free-radical polymerization; and the second part comprising a condensation reaction product of an aldehyde and a primary or secondary amine. These compositions may be formulated as adhesives which, for example, exhibit pressure-sensitive properties, which are particularly suitable in hot-melt applications, or which are particularly suitable as structural adhesives. Bonding methods are also described herein.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a microsuspension polymerization in water of vinyl chloride, which is carried out in the presence of monomer-soluble radical-initiators and emulsifiers. According to the invention, from about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, based on the weight of the water, of polymers containing mono-basic or dibasic carboxylic acid units and/or salts thereof are added. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, emulsifiers containing perfluorinated alkyl groups are also used. Stabilization of the microsuspension latex, which is per se sensitive to shearing action, and reduction in the amount of emulsifiers used are achieved.

Abstract: Low molecular weight polydisperse isocyanate-functional acrylic polymers are provided which contain terminal monosulfide groups on at least 10% by number of polymer molecules but are substantially free of toxic monomeric isocyanates.The polymers are prepared by direct reaction of the monomers, e.g., 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate, in the presence of a mercaptan chain-transfer agent and a polymerization initiator but in the substantial absence of water and of Lewis-type bases. They can be crosslinked and are useful in a variety of applications such as moisture-curing coating compositions.