Abstract: The present invention includes an image-enhancing agent comprising a biodegradable, water-soluble polymer, synthetic or naturally derived and having repeating hydrophilic monomeric units with amino or hydroxyl groups. This agent also includes chelating agents comprising functional groups bound to an amino or bydroxyl group of the monomeric units. These chelating agents have a formation constant for divalent or trivalent metal cations of at least about 10.sup.8 at physiological temperature and pH. This image-enhancing agent is biodegradable to intermediary metabolites, excretable chelates, oligomers, monomers or combinations thereof of low toxicity.These image-enhancing agents may further comprise a paramagnetic metal ion for enhancement of the image arising from induced magnetic resonance signals.Images resulting from scanning of gamma particle emissions may be enhanced when the image-enhancing agent of the present invention comprise radioisotopic metal ions emitting gamma particles.

Abstract: There are disclosed a body fluid purifying material which comprises a water-insoluble compound obtained by allowing one or more kinds of a polymeric compound having hydroxyl groups to react with a compound having at least one isocyanate group, and a method for purifying a body fluid which comprises using a water-insoluble polymeric compound obtained by allowing one or more kinds of a polymeric compound having hydroxyl groups to react with a compound having at least one isocyanate compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides cleavable conjugates whose linkers contain a labile bond that is cleavable under a variety of mild conditions, including weakly acidic. Since the agent may be bonded directly to the linker, cleavage can result in release of native agent. The invention also provides methods for producing cleavable conjugates. Preferred agents include drugs, toxins, biological response modifiers, radiodiagnostic compounds, radiotherapeutic compounds, and derivatives thereof. The targeting molecule employed in the invention may be an intact molecule, a fragment thereof, or a functional equivalent thereof. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the targeting molecule is a monoclonal antibody directed towards a tumor-associated antigen in man. The invention further provides methods for delivering to the cytoplasm of a target cell an agent free of its targeting molecule carrier.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a material for affinity chromatography is described, in which a sulfated polysaccharide is bonded to a carrier material which has amino groups.For this purpose, a sulfated polysaccharide is treated with an oxidizing agent which oxidizes glycols to aldehydes, with cleavage of the carbon chain, and this modified sulfated polysaccharide is allowed to react with a carrier which has amino groups.It is possible using the described affinity material to adsorb proteins which bind to sulfated polysaccharides from solutions of these proteins and, where appropriate, then to desorb them, for example antithrombin III from blood plasma.

Abstract: A system for stabilizing fibroblast-derived growth factors, maintaining their bioactivity over a prolonged period of time and controllably releasing them for use is disclosed. The system uses growth factors bound to biocompatible substrates via heparin or heparin derived compounds to maintain the bioactivity of the growth factors. A growth factor bound to a heparin coated substrate can be used independently as a controlled release device, or can be incorporated into a reservoir or matrix type controlled release devices to further enhance the controlled release properties. The stabilized growth factors can be implanted into a patient, thereby providing a means for producing an in vivo controlled release of a growth factor to the patient.

Abstract: The specificity of a pharmaceutical agent for a given site of action is increased by covalently bonding the agent via a diphosphate or amidated diphosphate bond to a targeting moiety, preferably a polypeptide specific for the site.

Abstract: Silated polysaccharides having 0.005 to 2.0 silyl molar substitution per anhydrosaccharide unit form water resistant films when cast from aqueous solution and dried in the presence of atmospheric carbon dioxide. These films are soluble in aqueous caustic. A preferred water soluble polymer is a cellulose ether with 0.005 to 1.0 silyl substitution.A method for preparation involves:(1) reaction in a caustic medium;(2) recovering a neutralized silated polysaccharide; and(3) washing to remove impurities.

Abstract: Silated polysaccharides having 0.005 to 2.0 silyl molar substitution per anhydrosaccharide unit form water resistant films when cast from aqueous solution and dried in the presence of atmospheric cabron dioxide. These films are soluble in aqueous caustic. A preferred water soluble polymer is a cellulose ether with 0.005 to 1.0 silyl substitution.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of dextran sulphate, optionally in combination with anti-androgen agents, for the treatment of the human prostatic carcinoma. Inhibition of the growth of both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent carcinoma cells is achieved according to the invention. The invention therefore leads to a significant improvement in the possible therapies for human prostatic carcinoma.

Abstract: There is disclosed a diagnostic agent containing a non-radioactive paramagnetic metal species which agent comprises a physiologically tolerable, water-soluble, hydroxyl group-containing macromolecular product to which is chemically bound said metal species, said product consisting essentially of at least one polymeric or polymerized carbohydrate or polymerized sugar alcohol or derivative thereof.

Abstract: A paramagnetic metal species-containing diagnostic agent is disclosed which comprises a non-radioactive paramagnetic metal species and, as a carrier therefor, a physiologically tolerable, water-insoluble, hydroxyl group-containing, particulate macromolecular product consisting essentially of at least one polymeric or polymerized carbohydrate or polymerized sugar alcohol or derivative thereof.

Abstract: A method to convert the hydroxyl groups of solubilized dextran to the tresylate forms which can be displaced by a nucleophile is disclosed. The method of the invention requires the reaction of dextran with the tresylating reagent in the presence of dry DMSO. The resulting tresylate can be converted to labeled dextrans which have direct linkages of a nucleophilic label to the carbons of the dextran backbone.

Abstract: An alkyl-phenylcarbamate derivative of a polysaccharide has in 80 to 100 percent of hydrogen atoms of the amino and hydroxyl groups an alkylphenyl-carbamoyl group having the formula (I): ##STR1## in which (1) at least one of R1 to R5 is a straight alkyl having 4 to 8 or a branched alkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or at least two of R1 to R5 each are a straight alkyl having 1 to 3 when the polysaccharide is cellulose; (2) at least one of R1 to R5 is a straight alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms when the polysaccharide is any one other than cellulose; and the other(s) of R1 to R5 is hydrogen. It is useful to optical separation of a racemic mixture.

Abstract: Method of treatment of diseases caused by retroviruses which comprises administering therapeutically effective amount of a natural or synthetic oligo- or polysaccharide having at least one S-oxoacid group attached to the saccharic carbon atom through a linking group of lower molecular weight or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject in need of such treatment.

Abstract: A cell culture microcarrier having positively charged cross-inked polysaccharides and basic groups linked therewith wherein the basic groups have the formula (I) ##STR1## with Z being an optionally substituted hydrocarbon chain having at least 2 carbon atoms,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being the same or different and representing alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl groups, andn is at least 1.

Abstract: A chemically modified and activated, hydroxyl-group-containing, natural or synthetic, polymeric solid body surface is disclosed, as well as a process for the activation of such solid body surfaces by means of organo-silanes and, if necessary, homo- or heterobifunctional reagent. The surfaces are used for the stable, simple and economical binding of proteins, nucleic acids, low-molecular ligands, cells, microorganisms and other biological materials, in biology, biotechnology and medicine.

Abstract: Diethylaminoethyl dextran (DEAE-D) has an activity for decreasing hyperglycemia, leading to an improved balance of the glucosic metabolism and can be usefully administered to diabetics.

Abstract: Compounds including phloretin and/or phlorizin derivatives coupled to an undigestible and non-absorbable matrix are provided. The compounds have pharmacological efficacies. They inhibit sugar uptake from the intestine and may be used in composition form in methods for treating diabetes and for promoting weight loss. A method for the manufacture of these compounds and a novel intermediate phlorizin derivative for making these compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Anticoagulant products are constituted by polymers (homopolymers or copolymers) including in their chain substitutable groups on which are fixed statistically, groups X and/or Y and/or V, where X denotes the group --SO.sub.3 R.sub.1 or --R.sub.3 --SO.sub.3 R.sub.1, R.sub.1 being a hydrogen atom or a physiologically compatible metal, R.sub.3 being a --CH.sub.2 --CO--NH--R.sub.4 group in which R.sub.4 represensts an alkyl aryl or alkylaryl radical, which may or may not be substituted, or substituted or unsubstituted --CH.sub.2 --; Y denotes the group --SO.sub.2 --R.sub.2 or --R.sub.3 --SO.sub.2 --R.sub.2, R.sub.2 being the residue of an amino acid connected to the --SO.sub.2 bridge through its amine function and V denotes the group --CH.sub.2 --CO--NH--CHR--COOH, R being the side chain of an amino acid it being understood that: (a) if X is --SO.sub.3 R.sub.1 it is necessarily accompanied by Y and/or by V, and (b) V is always accompanied by X and/by Y.

Abstract: Colloidal sized particles comprising metal particle coated with a water soluble polysaccharide derivative. The derivative is such that when it is not coating the metal, it has at least one, and preferably a number, of pendant functional groups each of which has a positive charge in aqueous solution. The metal is preferably selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, and silver, whereas the polysaccharide may usefully be selected from the group consisting of dextran and mannan. The particles can be used as markers for biologically active molecules, or for separating different types of such molecules.

Abstract: The dextran derivatives have a molecular weight higher than about 5000 daltons and comprise statistically at least about 35% of units substituted by radicals having a COO.sup.- function and at least 3% of units comprising a group of structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a single bond; or a ##STR2## group, R.sub.2 is an anion of an inorganic or an organic salt and n is a number from 1 to 4.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formulae I and II ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another represent H--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --(O--(CH.sub.2).sub.b).sub.c --O, where a=0 to 4, b=1 to 4 and c=1 to 7, an alkoxy or arylalkoxy group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkane- or aralkanesulfonyloxy group with 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a tetrahydropyranyloxy radical, orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together represent an oxygen atom bonded in an ether-like manner or an acetal or ketal radical ##STR2## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms of a phenyl group,A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are identical and represent a hydroxyl group, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, acetate, trifluoroacetate, trifluorosulfonate or perchlorate, orA.sup.1 represents sulfate or carbonate ion and A.sup.2 represents H.sub.2 O, orA.sup.1 A.sup.

Abstract: There is provided, in accordance with practice of this invention, a process for separating Factor IX and/or Factor X from an impure protein fraction containing protein in addition to Factors IX and X. A silica resin coupled with a ligand capable of binding Factor IX and/or Factor X is provided. An aqueous solution of the impure protein fraction is applied to the ligand-coupled silica resin to thereby bind the Factor IX and/or Factor X to the resin. The Factor IX and/or Factor X is then recovered from the resin by elution.

Abstract: A process for preparing an amino deoxy derivative of a polysaccharide. The process comprises oxidizing the polysaccharide with dimethyl sulfoxide in combination with acetic anhydride or acetic anhydride with paraformaldehyde in a first step. The product from the first step is subjected to reductive amination.

Abstract: Compositions of matter are provided wherein cis-platinum (II) and cis-palladium (II) moieties having amine substituents are bonded to anionic macromolecular entities. These compositions of matter may have improved solubility in the plasma and are effective antitrypanosomal and antitumor agents in mammals. Alternatively, the compositions of matter may be insoluble in water and particularly adapted for in situ implantation into tumerous masses.

Abstract: A radioactive diagnostic agent which comprises (1) a unit of a polyformyl compound having at least three formyl groups per molecule, (2) at least two units of an amino group-containing chelating compound bonded to the polyformyl compound a methyleneimine linkage (--CH.dbd.N--) or a methyleneamine linkage (--.sub.2 NH--) formed by the condensation between the formyl group in the polyformyl compound and the amino group in the chelating compound, optionally followed by reduction, (3) at least one unit of an amino group-containing physiologically active substance bonded to the polyformyl compound by a methyleneimine linkage or a methyleneamine linkage formed by the condensation between the formyl group in the polyformyl compound and the amino group in the physiologically active substance, optionally followed by reduction, and (4) at least two radioactive metallic elements of which each is bonded to the chelating compound through a chelating bond.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new polymer containing quarternary amino group based on dextran or cross-linked dextran. The quarternary amino groups are of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be identical or different, are lower alkyl groups of 1-5 carbon atoms or lower hydroxyalkyl groups of 2-5 carbon atoms and 1-2 hydroxy groups. At most one atom other than carbon and hydrogen is bound to the same carbon atom in the hydroxy alkyl group.

Abstract: Affinity chromatography media are prepared by reacting mono or di-chloro triazine dyes with a solid support matrix containing free hydroxy or amino groups in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide and an alkali metal salt. In the absence of cyanogen bromide activation, the linkage to the support is entirely via the triazine ring giving high and specific protein-binding capacity. Suitable support matrices include polymers and copolymers of agarose, dextrose, dextran and acrylamide with agarose being particularly preferred. Dye binding levels are much higher than those obtained in the presence of carbonates or bicarbonates.Mono-chlorotriazinyl dyes are bound at a pH which is preferably above 9.5. The reaction time is about 40-60 hours at room temperature, however this may be reduced if the reaction temperature is increased. Dichlorotriazinyl dyes are bound at pH 8 to 12.5 in a few hours at room temperature.

Abstract: Conjugates of heavy atoms containing analytes or their analogs and fluorescent molecules are covalently bonded to macromolecular supports to minimize the interference of fluorescence during assays, due to non-specific binding of serum proteins to the conjugate.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the manufacture of diethylaminoethyl dextran (DEAE dextran) and the diethylaminoethyl derivative of hydrogenated dextran (DEAE hydrodextran). A product of greater purity and improved color is obtained by the addition of a borohydride, such as sodium borohydride during manufacture to generate hydrogen in situ during the reaction.

Abstract: Highly dielectric organic compounds can be obtained by cyanoethylating a dihydroxyalkylate of a water-soluble polysaccharide or a derivative thereof with acrylonitrile.

Abstract: A neutralizer for permanent waving of hair is disclosed. The neutralizer contains (A) 0.5-16% (w/v) of an oxidizing agent capable of reforming ruptured disulfide bonds in reduced hair and (B) 0.1-5% (w/v) of a cationic dextran derivative or its salt as indispensible components, and has a pH value range of from about 2 to about 10.5.

Abstract: A cationized dextran of the following formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a group selected from the class consisting of a hydrogen atom, hydroxy lower alkyl groups, and quaternary nitrogen-containing groups of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent a lower alkyl group, and R' represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy lower alkyl group, and n is a positive number of from 1 to 8,000; two or more R groups may be identical or different provided that at least one of R groups is the quaternary nitrogen-containing group of the above formula;and a salt thereof; a process for its production; and a hair or skin cosmetic composition containing aforesaid cationized dextran or its salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to the carbonylation of cross linked substituted and unsubstituted polysaccharides, their copolymers with macroporous synthetic polymers, macroporous synthetic polymers and rigid supports with pendant hydroxyalkyl groups. The carbonylated product can be used to prepare an affinity chromatography matrix which remains an uncharged species at varying pH's. The carbonylated product is also useful for the preparation of other compounds: Typical polysaccharides are agarose, starch, dextran, cellulose and regenerated cellulose, typical macroporous synthetic polymers are acrylamides, acrylates and methacrylates, typical rigid supports are silica beads coated with hydroxy alkyl groups and typical cabonylating agents are N,N'-carbonyl diimidazole; N,N'carbonyl di-1,2,3-benzotriazole; and N,N'-carbonyl di-1,2,4-triazole.

Abstract: A novel protein adsorbent having a group of the general formula ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen, halogen, amino, lower alkyl or lower alkoxycarbonyl as a ligand, is useful for the purification of urokinase by hydrophobic chromatography, particularly for the removal of the kinds of pyrogen that can only be removed with great difficulty by affinity chromatography on the ordinal adsorbent of urokinase.

Abstract: An aqueous, biologically-compatible, reversible, oxygen-carrying system comprising a novel metallated porphine-carbohydrate-fatty acid complex, particularly a novel tetra-(p-carboxyphenyl)porphine-iron(II)-dextran-octanoate complex, useful as a synthetic respiratory pigment, and a method for preparing same. The complexes may be dissolved in a suitable electrolyte and used as a substitute for red blood cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel isocyano derivatives of linear or cross-linked, natural or synthetic macromolecules, the derivatives being of the general formula P--O--Q--NC, wherein P is the macromolecular backbone, the oxygen atom is part of the hydroxy group, Q is a group --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --wherein n is an integer of at least 3 carbon atoms, and up to about 20 carbon atoms, or Q is an aralkyl group, to a process for preparing such derivatives and to a process of linking to same biologically active proteins and to the products thus obtained.

Abstract: This invention relates to a poly-ion complex comprising chitin or N-acylchitosan derivative having carboxymethyl and polyelectrolyte.

Abstract: Improved cell culture microcarriers, and methods for their production and use, are disclosed herein. These improved microcarriers have positive charge capacities adjusted and/or controlled within a range suitable for good cell growth. One method for producing such improved microcarriers is by treating beads formed from polymers containing pendant hydroxy groups, such as dextran beads, with an aqueous solution of an alkaline material and a chloro- or bromo-substituted tertiary amine under precisely controlled conditions to produce the desired exchange capacity. The resultant positively charged microcarriers have been used in microcarrier cultures to produce outstanding growth of anchorage-dependent cells. Such cells can be harvested, or used for the production of viruses, vaccines, hormones, interferon or other cellular growth by-products.

Abstract: Controlled release pesticides are prepared by reacting an isocyanate derivative of a pesticide with a polymer having pendant groups containing a reactive hydrogen to obtain a novel pesticide-polymer system in which the pesticide is chemically bonded to the polymer. Active pesticidal material is released from the pesticide-polymer system by hydrolysis or chemical depolymerization under conditions of use.

Abstract: A water-insoluble immunological reagent being formed from discrete particles of a latex carrier to which a water-soluble polyhydroxy compound is covalently bound having condensed thereto through a covalent link an immunologically active material; process for the manufacture of said reagent; a kit containing said reagent and the use of said reagent in immunological determinations.

Abstract: A novel polymer consisting of a macromolecular polysaccharide matrix which is esterified in whole or in part by activated polyunsaturated acids containing twenty carbon atoms. Typical of these acids are, for example, 8, 11, 14-eicosatrienoic acid, 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid and 5, 8, 11, 14, 17-eicosapentenoic acid. These polymers are therapeutically useful products which have utility in the same fields of application as the prostaglandins but absent their adverse side effects.

Abstract: A sterile aqueous solution containing 0.

Abstract: A process for bonding a ligand to a carrier through the use of a pyrimidine derivative of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, loweralkylthio, loweracylamino, nitro, cyano, carboxamido, loweralkylsulphonyl, loweralkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, trifluoromethyl or chloromethyl, the ligand or the carrier containing at least one functional group that reacts with the pyramidine derivative.

Abstract: Process for preparing a vehicle substance capable of covalent bonding with iological material, especially enzymes, by reacting a matrix containing --OH or NH.sub.2 groups with an organic diisocyanate under anhydrous conditions. The distance between the matrix and biological material may be extended by a stepwise reaction of the matrix with an organic diisocyanate, and organic spacer containing two or more --OH and/or NH.sub.2 groups and again with an organic diisocyanate. The coupling of the vehicle material with biological material takes place in buffered aqueous solution.

Abstract: A novel class of reactive derivatives of polymers containing HS-groups is disclosed in which derivatives a number of the HS-groups are converted to a disulphide group of the formula -S-S-A-Z, where A is a hydrocarbon residue having 1-10 carbon atoms and Z is a group ##STR1## or acid addition salts of the last mentioned group, where n is 2 or 3, R.sup.1 is 2-pyridyl, 5-nitro-2-pyridyl or 4-pyridyl and R.sup.2 is methyl or ethyl. The novel derivatives may be used, for example, as thiolating agents or as carriers for e.g. enzymes or other proteins etc.

Abstract: Pharmacological preparation having an inhibiting action on the lipids absorption, wherein it contains, as active agent, diethylaminoethyldextran.

Abstract: A process for bonding a ligand to a carrier through the use of a pyrimidine derivative of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, loweralkylthio, loweracylamino, nitro, cyano, carboxamido, loweralkylsulphonyl, loweralkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, trifluoromethyl or chloromethyl,The ligand or the carrier containing at least one functional group that reacts with the pyrimidine derivative.

Abstract: Water-soluble local anaesthetic compounds having sustained effect are prepared by reacting a chondroitin derivative with a basic local anaesthetic compound.

Abstract: A dextran derivative gel for use in electrophoretic separation processes is disclosed, which gel comprises a polymerizate obtained by the free-radical homopolymerization of a dextran derivative containing vinylic groups of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is --CH.sub.2 -- or --O-- and R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or a cyano group, or free-radical copolymerization of such a vinylic derivative of dextran with a low-molecular weight monovinyl compound.