Abstract: The present invention relates to dibenzofuran and dibenzothiophene derivatives, especially for use as triplet matrix materials in organic electroluminescent devices. The invention further relates to a process for preparing the compounds of the invention and to electronic devices comprising these.

Abstract: Novel processes for the preparation of a compound of Formula I-2 substantially free of the 5,6-trans isomer: wherein R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the specification are provided. Novel intermediates for the preparations of isomer free Prostaglandins and derivatives thereof are also provided.

Abstract: Novel processes for the preparation of a compound of Formula I-2 substantially free of the 5,6-trans isomer: wherein R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the specification are provided. Novel intermediates for the preparations of isomer free Prostaglandins and derivatives thereof are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of macrocyclic picolinamides of Formula I suitable to control or prevent growth of fungi.

Abstract: Novel processes for the preparation of a compound of Formula I-2 substantially free of the 5,6-trans isomer: wherein R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the specification are provided. Novel intermediates for the preparations of isomer free Prostaglandins and derivatives thereof are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resist composition giving a resist pattern excellent in CD uniformity and focus margin. A chemically amplified photoresist composition comprises a resin (A) and an acid generator (B), and the resin (A) contains, as a part or an entirety thereof, a copolymer (A1) which is obtained by polymerizing at least: a (meth)acrylic monomer (a1) having C5-20 alicyclic hydrocarbon group which becomes soluble in an aqueous alkali solution by the action of an acid; a (meth)acrylic monomer (a2) having a hydroxy group-containing adamantyl group; and a (meth)acrylic monomer (a3) having a lactone ring, and the copolymer (A1) has a weight-average molecular weight of 2500 or more and 5000 or less, and a content of the copolymer (A1) is not less than 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin (A).

Abstract: The present invention provides a resist composition giving a resist pattern excellent in CD uniformity and focus margin. A chemically amplified photoresist composition comprises a resin (A) and an acid generator (B), and the resin (A) contains, as a part or an entirety thereof, a copolymer (A1) which is obtained by polymerizing at least: a (meth)acrylic monomer (a1) having C5-20 alicyclic hydrocarbon group which becomes soluble in an aqueous alkali solution by the action of an acid; a (meth)acrylic monomer (a2) having a hydroxy group-containing adamantyl group; and a (meth)acrylic monomer (a3) having a lactone ring, and the copolymer (A1) has a weight-average molecular weight of 2500 or more and 5000 or less, and a content of the copolymer (A1) is not less than 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin (A).

Abstract: A resist composition including a base component (A) that exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under the action of acid, and an acid generator component (B) that generates acid upon exposure, wherein the acid generator component (B) includes an acid generator (B1) consisting of a compound represented by general formula (b1-2) shown below: [Chemical Formula 1] A+Z???(b1-2) wherein A+ represents an organic cation; and Z? represents an anionic cyclic group, wherein the cyclic group includes an ester linkage within the ring structure, two mutually different groups are bonded to the ring structure, one of these groups includes an ester linkage in which a carbon atom that constitutes part of the ester linkage is bonded directly to the ring structure, and the other group includes an anion moiety.

Abstract: The invention described herein provides a novel lactide monomer derivative and process for preparing the lactide monomer derivative. The monomer derivative of the invention is bifunctional in nature, and can be employed a variety of efficient synthesis processes to prepare various polymers. Further, the bifunctional monomer derivative can be used to prepare various intermediate-stage compounds and polymers, which in turn can be used to synthesize other compounds, polymers, copolymers and composites. The lactide monomer derivative has a bifunctional norbornene spiro lactide structure, spiro[6-methyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione-3,2?-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept[5]ene], and structure as follows: and stereoisomers thereof. The lactide monomer derivative is bifunctional in that either 1) the norbornene ring, 2) lactide ring, or 3) both, can be opened and used in polymer synthesis for the backbone or the reactive branch for other polymeric syntheses.

Abstract: Photoacid generators generate sulfonic acids of formula (1a) upon exposure to high-energy radiation. ROC(?O)R1—COOCH2CF2SO3?H+??(1a) RO is OH or C1-C20 organoxy, R1 is a divalent C1-C20 aliphatic group or forms a cyclic structure with RO. The photoacid generators are compatible with resins and can control acid diffusion and are thus suited for use in chemically amplified resist compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are macrocyclic compounds of formulae I, I?, II, II?, III, III?, IV, and V, which are analogs of the pochonin resorcylic acid lactones, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and methods and uses comprising the compounds for the treatment of diseases mediated by kinases and Heat Shock Protein 90 HSP90.

Abstract: A process for the cyclopropanation of a substituted alkene, comprising the reaction of the alkene with a carbenoide, generated from dibromomethane and a tri-(C2-C8)-alkyl aluminium compound, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a metal compound selected from the group consisting of Lewis acids, metallocenes and metal carbonyl complexes. The process advantageously uses transition metal compounds as catalysts and the dibromomethane can be recovered. The process is especially useful for the preparation of ingredients for the flavour and fragrance industry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and methods which may be useful as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) for the treatment or prevention of inflammatory diseases and other diseases involving elevated levels of cytokines and proinflammatory mediators.

Abstract: Novel derivatives of prostaglandin compounds of the F-series (PGF), specifically macrocyclic internal 1,15-lactones of fluprostenol and related PGF analogs, such as cloprostenol or latanoprost. The novel analogs can be formulated into ophthalmic solutions and topically applied for the treatment of the increased intraocular pressure caused by glaucoma and the reduction of ocular hypertension.

Abstract: Zearalanol compounds are described and demonstrated or predicted to have utility as Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) inhibiting agents in the treatment and prevention of various disorders. Methods of synthesis and use of such compounds are also described and claimed.

Abstract: A process for the cyclopropanation of a substituted alkene, comprising the reaction of the alkene with a carbenoide, generated from dibromomethane and a tri-(C2-C8)-alkyl aluminium compound, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a metal compound selected from the group consisting of Lewis acids, metallocenes and metal carbonyl complexes. The process advantageously uses transition metal compounds as catalysts and the dibromomethane can be recovered. The process is especially useful for the preparation of ingredients for the flavour and fragrance industry.

Abstract: Novel derivatives of prostaglandin compounds of the F-series (PGF), specifically macrocyclic internal 1,15-lactones of fluprostenol and related PGF analogs, such as cloprostenol or latanoprost. The novel analogs can be formulated into ophthalmic solutions and topically applied for the treatment of the increased intraocular pressure caused by glaucoma and the reduction of ocular hypertension.

Abstract: The present invention provides vacuolar-type (H+)-ATPase-inhibiting compounds, compositions thereof, and methods of using them to treat or prevent a condition treatable by the inhibition of a vacuolar-type (H+)-ATPase. The composition of the present invention comprises a compound of the present invention and a carrier. The method of the present invention includes administering a vacuolar-type (H+)-ATPase inhibiting-effective amount of a compound of the present invention.

Abstract: A microbial method for the preparation of an epothilone containing a terminal hydroxyalkyl group, comprising contacting at least one epothilone having a terminal alkyl group with an enzyme or microorganism capable of catalyzing the selective hydroxylation of said alkyl group to a hydroxyalkyl group, and effecting said hydroxylation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds having the structure (and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof) wherein R0–R4, Z, X, A—B, D—E, G—J, and K—L are as defined herein, the synthesis thereof and the use of these compounds as therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Peripherally administered Brefeldin A and its analogs and derivatives are used to enhance learning and reverse memory dysfunction through induced long term potentiation in hippocampal issues.

Abstract: The present invention relates to epothilon derivatives, processes for their production and their use in the manufacture of medicaments and plant protection agents.

Abstract: Peripherally administered Brefeldin A and its analogs and derivatives are used to enhance learning and reverse memory dysfunction through induced long term potentiation in hippocampal issues.

Abstract: Laulimalide compounds, intermediates thereto and methods for their preparation, and methods for their use in the treatment of diseases characterized by cellular hyperproliferation.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds having improved stability over that of natural benzolactones, and a process for synthesizing these compounds. These compounds exhibit anti-cancer activity and inhibit V-ATPase activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds having improved stability over that of natural benzolactones, and a process for synthesizing these compounds. These compounds exhibit anti-cancer activity and inhibit V-ATPase activity.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel derivatives of 3,3-diphenylpropylamines, methods for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing the novel compounds, and the use of the compounds for preparing drugs. More particularly, the invention relates to novel prodrugs of antimuscarinic agents with superior pharmacokinetic properties compared to existing drugs such as oxybutynin and tolterodine, methods for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, a method of using said compounds and compositions for the treatment of urinary incontinence, gastrointestinal hyperactivity (irritable bowel syndrome) and other smooth muscle contractile conditions.

Abstract: Peripherally administered analogs and derivatives of Brefeldin A are used to enhance learning and reverse memory dysfunction through induced long term potentiation in hippocampal tissues.

Abstract: Radicicol derivatives represented by the following formula (I) having tyrosine kinase inhibition activity or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof: 1

Abstract: Laulimalide compounds, intermediates thereto and methods for their preparation, and methods for their use in the treatment of diseases characterized by cellular hyperproliferation.

Abstract: A novel class of decalactones with the general formula (I) and their stereoisomers is disclosed. A method for the synthesis of the decalactones of general formula (I) and the use of the decalactones in pharmaceutical compositions is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 12,13-position modified epothilone derivatives, methods of preparation of the derivatives, and intermediates therefor.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of formula (I) 1

Abstract: An extended release composition comprising a first composition comprising growth promoters and a second composition comprising growth promoters and a biodegradable polymer is described. A method of increasing weight gain in food animals utilizing the composition, a pharmaceutical dosage form containing the composition and a method of preparing the pharmaceutical dosage form are also described, as are pellets of the composition for implantation in food animals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 16-membered macrocyclic compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds having the structure (I) (and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof) 1

Abstract: A method of modifying or altering the structure of a 1&agr;-hydroxylated vitamin D compound to increase its biological activity by altering the conformational equilibrium of the A-ring to favor a chair conformation that presents the 1&agr;-hydroxyl in the axial orientation. This is accomplished by either locking the A-ring chair conformation in a geometry having an axially orientated 1&agr;-hydroxyl, or by the addition of one or more substituents to the A-ring which interact with other substituents in the molecule or on the A-ring to provide a driving force to the A-ring to adopt a chair conformation which presents the 1&agr;-hydroxyl in the axial orientation.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds useful as intermediates used for preparing lubricant and fuel additives. The intermediates include the products prepared by the process and dilactones.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, independently, --CON(R.sup.4)R.sup.5, or a monosaccharide, or acylated monosaccharide group, with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is --CON(R.sup.4)R.sup.5, and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are, independently, a hydrogen atom, or a hydroxyl, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the nitrogen atom attached thereto form a 3- to 7-membered saturated cycloaliphatic amino group, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, or a hydroxyl, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or --COOR.sup.8 group, and R.sup.3 is at 3- or 4-position, and R.sup.8 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, or a salt thereof is disclosed. The compound has a function to inhibit a matrix metalloproteinase.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward the use of amphotericin B and derivatives thereof as inhibitors of serine-proteases and for applying these inhibitors for the production of medicinal products intended for the treatment of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Abstract: The invention concerns novel, pharmaceutically useful, benzheterocyclyl sulphones of the formula I: ##STR1## in which ring A may bear optional halogeno, (1-4C)alkyl or fluoro(1-4C)alkyl substituents; X is oxygen, or a group of the formula --S(O).sub.n -- or --NR.sup.1 -- in which n is zero, 1 or 2 and R.sup.1 is hydrogen, (1-4C)alkyl, (1-6C)alkanoyl, benzoyl or phenyl(1-4C)alkyl, the last two optionally substituted; Y is various linking groups defined hereinafter, such as ethylene or trimethylene; and in which the group --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NO.sub.2 is located at position a, b or c in ring A; together with the non-toxic thereof. Other aspects of the invention include the production of the novel compounds by analogy processes and pharmaceutical compositions of the novel compounds for use in the treatment of diabetic complications.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) or salts thereof: ##STR1## wherein: each R.sub.1 is independently hydrogen or a silyl protecting group; R.sub.2 is a carboxylic acid or derivative thereof; a ketone or aldehyde function; hydroxymethyl in which the hydroxyl function is optionally silylated, or substituted by hydroxy C.sub.1-4 alkyl, alkoxy C.sub.1-4 alkyl, alkoxycarbonyl C.sub.1-4 alkyl, hydroxycarbonyl C.sub.1-4 alkyl, alkyl, alkanoyl, or optionally substituted aryl or aroyl; one of X and Y is hydrogen, and the other is a sugar residue; hydroxy; optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkoxy or C.sub.3-8 cycloalkoxy; alkanoyloxy; thioalkanoyloxy; sulphonyloxy; halogen; or optionally substituted aryloxy, aralkyloxy or aroyloxy; or X and Y together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded are a carbonyl group or derivative thereof, are provided; their use as chemical intermediates and in the treatment of fungal infections is described.

Abstract: New 10-membered ring lactones, a process for the preparation thereof, and the use thereof.It is possible with the aid of Penicillium strains to prepare new 10-membered ring lactones having a pharmacological action.

Abstract: Streptomyces parvullus, DSM 3816, produces on aerobic fermentation new antibiotics which are distinguished by antimicrobial activity even after derivatization.

Abstract: It is possible to prepare the demalonyl compound of macrolide lactones by hydrolysis in the presence of a base without a retro-aldol cleavage occurring.

Abstract: Cyclic polyester and especially polyarylate oligomers, typically having degrees of polymerization from 2 to about 7, are prepared by reacting a bisphenol such as bisphenol A or 6,6'-dihydroxy-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylspiro(bis)indane with a dicarboxylic acid chloride such as isophthaloyl or terephthaloyl chloride in the presence of a catalyst, under conditions of low concentration. The cyclic oligomers may be polymerized to linear polyesters by contact with a transesterification catalyst at a temperature in the range of about 200.degree.-300.degree. C.

Abstract: The feature of the present invention is a process for preparing compounds represented by general formula (Ia) described below: ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.7 are as defined in formula (I) and R.sub.10 represents a lower alkyl group, or acid salts thereof, which process is characterized by using the guanidylfungins (II) as raw materials, reacting these guanidylfungins with alcohols (III) in the presence of an acid catalyst, and then hydrolyzing the malonic acid monoester (IV).

Abstract: Compounds having the structure: ##STR1## wherein X may be hydrogen, bromine, chlorine, fluorine or iodine are provided, together with methods for synthesizing these compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and use therof for reducing vascular blood flow.Also provided are compounds having the structure: ##STR2## wherein X may be bromine, chlorine, fluorine or iodine, together with methods for preparing the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and use thereof for reducing vascular blood flow.

Abstract: Arenes, such as benzoic acid and substituted benzoic acids, are readily thallated by thallium(III) compounds such as the trifluoroacetate and subsequently reacted with palladium chloride and simple olefins, dienes, allylic halides, vinyl halides, vinyl esters, or unsaturated cyclopropanes or unsaturated cyclobutanes to give isocoumarins.

Abstract: An extended release composition comprising a first composition comprising growth promoters and a second composition comprising growth promoters and a biodegradable polymer is described. A method of increasing weight gain in food animals utilizing the composition, a pharmaceutical dosage form containing the composition and a method of preparing the pharmaceutical dosage form are also described, as are pellets of the composition for implantation in food animals.