Abstract: A method for producing a high viscosity, low volatiles blown stripped plant-based oil is provided. The method may include the steps of: (i) obtaining a plant-based oil; (ii) heating the oil to at least 90° C.; (iii) passing air through the heated oil to produce a blown oil having a viscosity of at least 50 cSt at 40° C.; (iv) stripping the blown oil from step (iii) to reduce an acid value of the blown oil to from 5 mg KOH/g to about 9 mg KOH/g; (v) adding a polyol to the stripped oil from (iv); and (vi) stripping the oil from step (v) to reduce the acid value of the oil to less than 5.0 mg KOH/g or less.

Abstract: A method for producing a high viscosity, low volatiles blown stripped oil blend is provided. The method may include the steps of: (i) obtaining an oil blend of corn stillage oil and soybean oil having a weight ratio of corn stillage oil to soybean oil of from about 1:2 to 3:1; (ii) heating the oil blend to at least 90° C.; (iii) passing air through the heated oil blend to produce a blown oil having a viscosity of at least 50 cSt at 40° C.; and (iv) stripping the blown oil from step (iii) to reduce an acid value of the blown oil to less than 5.0 mg KOH/gram.

Abstract: A method for producing a high viscosity, low volatiles blown stripped plant-based oil is provided. The method may include the steps of: (i) obtaining a plant-based oil; (ii) heating the oil to at least 90C; (iii) passing air through the heated oil to produce a blown oil having a viscosity of at least 200 cSt at 40C; (iv) stripping the blown oil from step (iii) to reduce an acid value of the blown oil to from 5 mg KOH/g to about 9 mg KOH/g; (v) adding a polyol to the stripped oil from (iv); and (vi) stripping the oil from step (v) to reduce the acid value of the oil to less than 5.0 mg KOH/g or less.

Abstract: Corn stillage oil derivatives having values for Gardner color of 10 or less and methods for making the corn stillage oil derivatives are disclosed. In one aspect, the corn stillage oil derivative comprises a heat bleached corn stillage oil. Preferably, the heat bleached corn stillage oil has a value for Gardner color of from 4 to 8. In another aspect, the corn stillage oil derivative comprises a blown corn stillage oil. Preferably, the blown corn stillage oil has a value for Gardner color of from 5 to 8.

Abstract: Blown corn stillage oils and methods for making blown corn stillage oils are disclosed. In one aspect the corn stillage oils are stripped to reduce the acid value of the resulting blown, stripped corn stillage oil. The method includes heating a corn stillage oil to a temperature of at least 90° C., and passing air through the heated oil to produce a blown corn stillage oil having a viscosity of at least 50 cSt at 40° C. In one aspect, the blown corn stillage oil is stripped to reduce the acid value of the blown, stripped corn stillage oil to 5 mg KOH/gram or less.

Abstract: A method for producing a high viscosity, low volatiles blown stripped plant-based oil is provided. The method may include the steps of: (i) obtaining a plant-based oil; (ii) heating the oil to at least 90° C.; (iii) passing air through the heated oil to produce a blown oil having a viscosity of at least 50 cSt at 40° C.; (iv) stripping the blown oil from step (iii) to reduce an acid value of the blown oil to from 5 mg KOH/g to about 9 mg KOH/g; (v) adding a polyol to the stripped oil from (iv); and (vi) stripping the oil from step (v) to reduce the acid value of the oil to less than 5.0 mg KOH/g or less.

Abstract: A method for producing a vegetable oil-derived polyol having increased hydroxyl functionality by reacting a vegetable oil with an oxidizing agent in the presence of an organometallic catalyst is provided. The resulting higher functionality polyols derived from vegetable oil produced by the process are also provided. Also provided is a method for decreasing the acid value of a vegetable oil-derived polyol by reacting the vegetable oil-derived polyol with an epoxide component in the presence of a Lewis base catalyst. Urethane products produced using higher functional vegetable oil-derived polyols and/or lower acid vegetable oil-derived polyols are also provided.

Abstract: A method for partially refining a crude vegetable oil utilizing physical refining techniques is described. The crude vegetable oil is first degummed by either (1) allowing the crude oil to settle over a period of time, such as twenty days, so that the oil becomes stratified into at least two layers, wherein one layer comprises gums with low oil content and a second layer comprises oil containing only a fraction of the gums originally present and then separating the oil layer from the gum layer, or (2) heating the crude oil to a temperature of about 270-300° F. with agitation and then allowing the crude oil to settle for a period of time until the oil becomes stratified into the at least two layers. The degummed oil is then aerated and agitated while being maintained at a temperature of 170-180° F. for a time period sufficient to obtain a desired oil viscosity. The resulting partially refined oil is suitable for use in industrial applications such as the preparation of urethane foams.

Abstract: Trans-9,cis-11-octadecadienoic acid is produced by forming a urea inclusion complex with cis-linoleic acid, treating the complex with a catalytic amount of a base, and recovering the trans-9,cis-11 octadecadienoic acid. Tans-10,cis-12-octadecadienoic acid is produced by iodinating cis-linoleic acid at temperatures of about ?5–20° C. A mixture of trans-9,cis-11 octadecadienoic acid and trans-10,cis-12-octadecadienoic acid comprising is produced by iodinating cis-linoleic acid at temperatures ranging from about 50 to about 90° C.

Abstract: A method for partially refining a crude vegetable oil utilizing physical refining techniques is described. The crude vegetable oil is first degummed by either (1) allowing the crude oil to settle over a period of time, such as twenty days, so that the oil becomes stratified into at least two layers, wherein one layer comprises gums with low oil content and a second layer comprises oil containing only a fraction of the gums originally present and then separating the oil layer from the gum layer, or (2) heating the crude oil to a temperature of about 270-300° F. with agitation and then allowing the crude oil to settle for a period of time until the oil becomes stratified into the at least two layers. The degummed oil is then aerated and agitated while being maintained at a temperature of 170-180° F. for a time period sufficient to obtain a desired oil viscosity. The resulting partially refined oil is suitable for use in industrial applications such as the preparation of urethane foams.

Abstract: A method for partially refining a crude vegetable oil utilizing physical refining techniques is described. The crude vegetable oil is first degummed by either (1) allowing the crude oil to settle over a period of time, such as twenty days, so that the oil becomes stratified into at least two layers, wherein one layer comprises gums with low oil content and a second layer comprises oil containing only a fraction of the gums originally present and then separating the oil layer from the gum layer, or (2) heating the crude oil to a temperature of about 270-300° F. with agitation and then allowing the crude oil to settle for a period of time until the oil becomes stratified into the at least two layers. The degummed oil is then aerated and agitated while being maintained at a temperature of 170-180° F. for a time period sufficient to obtain a desired oil viscosity. The resulting partially refined oil is suitable for use in industrial applications such as the preparation of urethane foams.

Abstract: Organic compounds containing at least one hydrophilic group are rendered soluble in fatty systems by the formation of a chemical complex with a carrier selected among fatty acid esters of polyhydric hydroxyalkanes having general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.5, R.sub.2 is H or --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.6, and each of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is independently a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid moiety having 1-30 carbon atoms or a saturated fatty acid moiety having 1-3 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid moiety having 1-30 carbon atoms, R2 and at least one or, when any of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is not H, at least two of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is a saturated fatty acid moiety having 1-3 carbon atoms. Diacetates of common monoglycerides are especilally preferred as the carriers for forming such complexes.

Abstract: Storage stable azadirachtin, an insect repellent and insect growth regulator, and insecticidal formulations (emulsifiable concentrate) thereof, are prepared from purified neem kernel extract, with an active ingredient content of 0.3% to 4% and characterized by the absence of gums and aflatoxin spores, for example. The aforementioned formulations contain solvents belonging to the class of aliphatic dihydroxylated alcohols of more than 80% by volume and optionally containing sunscreens and antioxidants.

Abstract: A neem seed extract containing azadirachtin with improved stability has been developed using a process involving dissolution of the crude neem seed extract in a polar solvent and removal of impurities by precipitation and/or treatment of the extract with an oxidizing agent. The resulting extract, optionally formulated as a wettable powder, is a useful insecticide for the control of foliar pests.

Abstract: Fluorinated carboxylic acids which do not have the required purity for use as emulsifier in the polymerization of fluorinated monomers can, if necessary after prior de-watering, be treated with oxidants, whereupon the isolation of the pure product is carried out by crystallisation or, preferably, by distillation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the regeneration of spent bleaching earth, comprising an oxidative heat treatment in which the amount of oxygen supplied exceeds the stoichiometrical requirement of complete oxidation of all organics present in the spent bleaching earth, wherein the spent bleaching earth and the oxygen are blown through a stationary fluidized bed of inert granulate material. The stationary fluidized bed should be as high as to limit the temperature in the freeboard to less than 1000.degree. C. As a matter of fact, it has been found that, if the fluidized bed is not high enough, the oxygen required to burn off the organics content of the spent bleaching earth would blow out the powdered bleaching earth from the bed at the stage of incomplete oxidation of the organics present on the earth, resulting in an uncontrolled temperature rise in the freeboard and local overheating of the bleaching earth.

Abstract: Production of stable ozonized oils from unsaturated vegetable oils by introducing an ozone-oxygen mixture into the oil until it reaches saturation, and following the ozonization, an extraction process in acid medium is carried out in the presence of a redox reaction system, which is capable of moderately reacting the radicals in the presence of a synthetic or natural anti-oxidation medium or reducing medium.