Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein alk.sub.1 and alk.sub.2 are individually alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms comprising reacting a compound of the formula ##STR2## with a dehydrating agent to obtain the corresponding compound of formula I.

Abstract: A method for preparing an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated nitrile comprises bringing an .alpha.-oxycarboxylic acid amide represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R' and R" each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, with the proviso that at least one of R' and R" represents an alkyl group, into contact with a solid acid catalyst with heating in the presence of water in a molar ratio of not more than 15 with respect to the .alpha.-oxycarboxylic acid amide. The method makes it possible to directly produce an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated nitrile at high yield and high selectivity utilizing an .alpha.-oxycarboxylic acid amide as a starting material, which can easily be obtained from an .alpha.-oxynitrile.

Abstract: A novel process for producing .alpha.-[(dialkylamino) substituted-methylene].beta.-oxo-(substituted) propanenitriles of the formula: ##STR1## where R, R.sub.1 and R .sub.2 are defined in the specification by reacting a substituted isoxazole with a diaklylamide dimethylacetal is provided.

Abstract: Scrap poly(ethyleneterephthalate) is converted to useful amine and diamine monomers such as para-xylylenediamine, 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane and 4-aminomethyl benzoic acid for the production of various polyamides. The conversion of poly(ethyleneterephthalate) to diamine monomers is achieved by a three step process involving (a) ammonolysis of the poly(ethyleneterephthalate) to produce terephthalamide and ethylene glycol; (b) pyrolytic dehydration of the terephthalamide to produce terephthalonitrile; and (c) hydrogenation of the terephthalonitrile to produce the para-xylylene diamine and/or 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane. The conversion of poly(ethyleneterephthalate) to 4-aminomethyl benzoic acid involves the steps of (a) ammonolysis of the poly(ethyleneterephthalate) to produce terephthalamide; (b) partial pyrolytic dehydration of said terephthalamide to produce 4-cyanobenzoic acid; and (c) hydrogenation of said 4-cyanobenzoic acid to produce 4-aminomethylbenzoic acid.

Abstract: N-(sulfonylmethyl)formamides are obtained by reacting a sulfinic acid, formaldehyde and formamide in the presence of a second acid and a controlled amount of water. The formamides can be converted to the corresponding sulfonylmethylisocyanides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production in continuous of isophthalodinitrile or terephthalodinitrile by simultaneous amidation and dehydration of the respective acid chlorides in steam phase on a fixed bed of a dehydration catalyst.

Abstract: An improved fluorinated siliceous catalyst, well adapted for the catalytic synthesis of aromatic/aliphatic nitriles from their corresponding formamides, formanilides or amides, is comprised of a plurality of silica particulates, the specific surface of which ranging from about 200 to about 300 m.sup.2 /g, having a total pore volume ranging from about 1 to about 1.5 cm.sup.3 /g, with an average pore diameter ranging from about 100 to about 200 .ANG., having an exchange pH of less than about 3, and with the fluorine content thereof bonded to the silica, expressed in F.sup.31 , ranging from about 0.05 to about 2% by weight based upon the silica, and the sodium content thereof, expressed as Na.sub.2 O, being less than about 1% by weight, also based upon the silica.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the continuous production of isophthalodinitrile by amidation and simultaneous dehydration of the dimethyl ester of isophthalic acid in vapor phase on the fixed bed of a dehydration catalyst.

Abstract: Glycerides are reacted with ammonia in an amount of at least 200 liters per kilogram of glyceride per hour, at a temperature of 220.degree. to 300.degree. C., and in the presence of special catalysts. Of the product mixture which is formed and removed from the reaction with the excess ammonia, and which is composed essentially of the components water, the desired glycerol and fatty acid nitrile containing fatty acid and fatty acid amide, the latter component is returned to the reaction during the glyceride reaction. After completion of the glyceride reaction, which is indicated when the product mixture contains virtually no more glycerol, all the fatty acid nitrile containing fatty acid and fatty acid amide is further treated, in an after-reaction with a reduced amount of ammonia and at higher temperature, in order to convert the fatty acid and fatty acid amide impurities into fatty acid nitrile.

Abstract: Aliphatic dinitriles are prepared by reacting aliphatic dicarboxylic acids with ammonia in excess at from 200.degree. to 500.degree. C. in the presence of zeolites as catalysts.

Abstract: Disclosed is the reaction of propylene with acrylonitrile or acrylamide to make a cyano- or amidopentene and reacting that compound with NH.sub.3 and O.sub.2 to form mucononitrile or 5-cyano-2,4-pentadiene amide. Also disclosed is a process which comprises contacting a reactant of the formula H--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --(CH.dbd.CH)--(CH.sub.2).sub.b X with oxygen and ammonia to thereby form a product of the formula NC--CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--X wherein X is --CN or --CONH.sub.2 and each of a and b are zero or an integer from 1 to 3 such that a+b=3.