Abstract: Propargyl esters of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is OC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 (n=1 or 2), OCF.sub.3, OCF.sub.2 CHF.sub.2 or F and R.sup.2 is H, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form --O(CH.sub.2).sub.m O-- (m=1 or 2), a process for their preparation, and their use for controlling pests.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid esters are produced by the reaction of a carboxylic acid halide with a carbonate ester in the presence of an initiator. The reaction of a dicarboxylic acid dihalide and a bis(alkyl carbonate) ester produces a polymeric polyester.

Abstract: Alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of acyloxybenzenesulfonic acids of the formula I ##STR1## where R is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical of 1 to 17 carbon atoms or is phenyl which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or disubstituted by alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, halogen, methoxy or nitro, are prepared by neutralization, by a method in which a liquid acyloxybenzenesulfonic acid of the formula I and an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate are combined in water, at from 0.degree. to 60.degree. C. and while mixing throughly, so that the pH is kept at from 2.5 to 7.0, and, if desired, the resulting salt is isolated from the aqueous solution in a conventional manner.

Abstract: Non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs are disclosed which are polyprenyl alcohol esters of indolyl lower carboxylic acids, phenyl lower carboxylic acids, acetyl salicylic acid, anthranilic acid and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A carboxylic acid esters, such as methyl propionate, is prepared by carbonylation of an olefin, such as ethylene, in the presence of an alcohol by the use of a molybdenum-nickel-alkali metal, a tungsten-nickel-alkali metal or a chromium nickel-alkali metal co-catalyst and in the presence of a halide.

Abstract: 2-alkyl-4,4-diacyloxybut-2-enals of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical, are prepared by a process wherein a 2-alkyl-2,4-diacyloxybut-3-enal of the formula ##STR2## is treated with an aliphatic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A method for preparing a carboxylic ester by reacting an aldehyde with an alcohol in the presence of oxygen with a catalyst, characterized in that the catalyst is a solid catalyst comprising palladium and bismuth, which may form an intermetallic compound, and which catalyst may comprise an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound. The aforesaid catalyst avoids decomposition reactions simultaneously with the desired reaction, and therefore, the desired compound can be obtained in a high yield.

Abstract: Cyclopentenones of formula ##STR1## wherein each of symbols R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, when taken separately, represents an alkyl radical of C.sub.1 to C.sub.6, or a hydrogen atom, or, when taken together, they represent a polymethylene, or one of them designates a hydrogen atom and the other an alkyl radical of C.sub.1 to C.sub.6, are prepared starting from compounds having formula ##STR2## wherein R stands for a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl radical or a phenyl group, via a catalytic reaction promoted by a metallo-organic compound of formulaMeX.sub.2 (R.sup.3 CN).sub.2 (III)wherein Me represents palladium or platinum, R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl radical or a phenyl group and X defines a halogen atom.

Abstract: An improved process for the metathesis of alkenyl esters utilizing substantially reduced catalyst levels is provided. For the process, an alkenyl ester of the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or alkyl, R* is tertiary alkyl or an aromatic group, and n is an integer from 2 to 20 is reacted with a tungsten hexachloride/tetraalkyltin catalyst.

Abstract: Isopropenyl esters are prepared rapidly by reacting for about ten minutes at about 120.degree. C. and a pressure of about 400 pounds per square inch a fatty acid and propyne in the presence of loaded zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: A novel and effective catalyst system is provided for application in the preparation of alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids by transesterification reaction. The catalyst system consists of a palladium compound as the main ingredient and a cocatalyst formed of an alkali metal compound and a copper compound, at least one of which is a halide. The catalyst ingredients are adsorbed on a solid catalyst carrier, so that repeated use of the combined catalyst or a continuous operation of the reaction can easily be facilitated.

Abstract: The invention relates to supported catalysts based on a palladium(II) salt and activated carbon, there being used, as the support material, activated carbon having an analytical SiO.sub.2 content of from 0.5 to 8% by weight. The catalysts according to the invention are used for reacting carboxylic acids with alkenyl esters of lower carboxylic acids.

Abstract: 2-Alkyl-4,4-diacyloxybut-2-enals of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical, are prepared by a process in which a 2-alkyl-1,4-diacyloxybuta-1,3-diene of the formula ##STR2## is reacted with oxygen or an oxygen donor, in the presence of a carboxylic acid of the formulaR.sup.3 -COOH III.

Abstract: Methylenically-substituted undecadiene compounds having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of lower acyloxy, aryloxy having from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, lower alkoxy and hydroxy, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12, R.sub.13, R.sub.14, R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.3, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 and at least one of R.sub.9, R.sub.10, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 must be hydrogen, are prepared by reacting a diene having the structural formula: ##STR2## with a conjugated diene having the structural formula: ##STR3## in the presence of a rhodium/trivalent phosphorus catalyst, with the atomic ratio of the trivalent phosphorus to the rhodium therein being at least 1.5. The compounds can be hydrogenated and saponified to form known alcohols which are precursors for biodegradable detergents.

Abstract: Use of certain ester derivatives of 1,3-dimethyl-but-3-en-1-yl as perfuming and flavoring ingredients. These ester derivatives possess the following formula ##STR1## wherein symbol R represents a hydrogen atom, a saturated or an unsaturated, linear or branched lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl radical. The compounds of formula (I) are new chemical entities.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel substituted heptadeca-5,9- and 5,10-dienoic acid and similar fatty acid compounds which are derivatives of certain prostaglandins and are potent thromboxane A.sub.2 inhibitors. By virtue of this pharmacological property, they represent useful pharmacological agents for a wide variety of purposes.

Abstract: A cis-trans isomerization of a cis-.beta.-.gamma.-unsaturated alcohol or its ester having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; X represents hydrogen atom or ##STR2## and R.sub.2 represents a hydrocarbon moiety or a hydroxyhydrocarbon moiety; R.sub.3 represents hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon moiety into a transform, in the presence of a mercaptan as a catalyst, is provided. It can be also attained in the presence of a mercaptan and/or a disulfide as a catalyst in an inert gas environment with an initiator. It can be also attained in the presence of a mercaptan under an irradiation, if desired with a small amount of an initiator.

Abstract: A process for producing a conjugated diene monoester by reacting a gaseous mixture comprising a conjugated diene, a carboxylic acid and oxygen as reactive components, in which the fraction of said conjugated diene is preferably 12-60 mole % and the fraction of oxygen is preferably 5-30 mole %, in the gas phase in the presence of a catalyst, characterized by carrying out the reaction in the presence of a catalyst which comprises, as active components, (a) palladium, (b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, barium, cerium, lanthanum, tungsten, copper, zinc, cadmium, boron, thallium, molybdenum, tin, lead, phosphorous, arsenic and selenium and (c) at least one alkali metal carboxylate, or a catalyst which comprises, as active components, these three components (a), (b) and (c) together with (d) at least one alkali metal halide.

Abstract: The process for the manufacture of but-2-en-1-ol compounds by isomerizing but-3-en-1-ol compounds in the presence of a palladium catalyst and of hydrogen is improved by modifying the palladium catalyst with selenium or tellurium.The but-2-en-1-ols manufactured according to the invention are either solvents or valuable starting materials for the manufacture of solvents, dyes, surface coatings, paints and pesticides.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of a carboxylic acid ester of .beta.-formyl-crotyl alcohol by rearrangement of the corresponding carboxylic acid ester of 2-formyl-2-hydroxy-but-3-ene or of an acetal or acylate thereof in the presence of copper or a copper compound, followed, where relevant, by hydrolytic cleavage of the acetal or acylate, more especially in the preparation of 4,4-dimethoxy-3-methyl-crotyl acetate, the yield is improved by carrying out the rearrangement in the presence of copper (I) chloride as the catalyst and ensuring that low-boiling by-products formed during the rearrangement are removed.The products are of great importance as starting materials for an industrial synthesis of vitamin A and its derivatives.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel pesticidal esters of the pyrethrin or pyrethroid type in which the methylene group bonded to the ester carbonyl and/or ester oxygen bears a fluorine substituent. The compounds of the invention are active against insect pests including flies, moths, aphids and beetles and acarina pests including ticks.

Abstract: A process for the telomerization of dienes with a telomerizing compound containing a mobile hydrogen atom is disclosed wherein the reaction between the diene and the telomerizing agent is effected in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a water-soluble sulfonated triaryl phosphine compound, preferably a water-soluble salt of a mono-, di-, or trisulfonated triphenyl phosphine and a transition metal compound, preferably palladium or a palladium-containing compound. Water is added either before or after the reaction is completed and the reaction products can easily be separated from the aqueous catalyst solution.

Abstract: A carboxylic ester is produced in one step in a high yield and with a high selectivity by reacting an aldehyde with an alcohol in the presence of oxygen by using a catalyst comprising (I) palladium, (II) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of lead compounds, thallium compounds and mercury compounds and (III) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds.

Abstract: A process for preparing esters and halides is disclosed comprising the step of reacting a cyclic olefin having the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.4 are the same or different from each other and each represents hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different from each other and each represents hydrogen or alkyl containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms; andn represents a whole number from 2 to 12, with an acyclic olefin having the formula II ##STR2## wherein R.sub.5 represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or the group ##STR3## wherein R.sub.12 and R.sub.13 are the same or different from each other and each represents hydrogen or alkyl containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms;Y represents halogen; an acyloxy group R.sub.14 --CO--O wherein R.sub.14 represents alkyl containing 1-12 carbon atoms, phenyl or phenyl alkyl containing 7-12 carbon atoms, or an oxycarbonyl group R.sub.15 --O--CO wherein R.sub.

Abstract: Derivatives, analogs, and congeners of prostane having a 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1-oxo-prostane structure in the F.sub.1 series.

Abstract: Derivatives, analogs, and congeners of prostane having a 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1-oxo-prostane structure in the A.sub.1 series.

Abstract: Derivatives, analogs, and congeners of prostane having a 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1-oxo-prostane structure in the F.sub.2 series.

Abstract: This invention involves a method of producing vinyl esters by the reaction of olefins with carboxylic acids in the presence of alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, a noble metal compound, and a regenerative oxidant capable of maintaining the noble metal in oxidized form.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of optically active d-2-aminobutanol by catalytic asymmetric reduction of appropriate dehydro precursors to produce selectively the desired isomer. The same substrates can also be used to prepare the dl-mixture using optically inactive catalysts. The novel substituted-4-ethyl-4-oxazolin-2-one and substituted-4-ethyl-2-oxazolidinone compounds of this invention are useful as intermediates in the production of the antituberculosis drug ethambutol (Myambutol.RTM.).

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of perfume products, Vitamin E and intermediates described herein involving a coupling reaction. For instance, a process for the synthesis of dehydrophytol and Vitamin E comprising forming a C.sub.15 acetylene from hexahydropseudoionone and then coupling said acetylene with 1-acetoxy-4-chloro-3-methylbut-2-ene to form a C.sub.20 acetoxy-enyne. The latter is readily subjected to partial hydrogenation and saponification in that order to form a dehydrophytol, a useful intermediate for the synthesis of Vitamin E and other products.

Abstract: Diacyloxyolefins are isomerized by mixing one or more diacyloxyolefins with at least one alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid and a polar diluent.

Abstract: 1-Alkenyl thioethers of glycols are described. The alkenyl thioethers possess central nervous system activity and are useful as tranquilizers.

Abstract: This invention relates to the utility of compounds having the general formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R is selected from the group consisting of --H, --CH.sub.3, ##STR2## Said compounds are useful as plant growth regulators.

Abstract: In the preparation of olefin derivatives having an ester group at the allylic position (hereinafter referred to as "allylic ester(s)") which comprises reacting an olefin having at least one hydrogen atom at the allylic position and which will produce an allylic ester having an asymmetric carbon atom with an organic peroxide in the presence of a copper catalyst, a method for producing optically active allylic esters characterized by using, as the copper catalyst, an optically active copper complex derived from an optically active compound selected from the group consisting of Schiff's bases of the formula: ##STR1## and amino acids of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.0 is an optically active alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl group which may contain an unsaturated bond and/or a substituent having a hetero atom, X and Y are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl group, or a substituent having a hetero atom, R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Esters are prepared by reaction of acyl halides and alcohols or hydroxyalkyl esters and acid halides in the presence of a tertiary amine and polar aprotonic solvents. Bis(2-methacrylatoethyl) phthalate is prepared by the reaction of phthaloyl chloride with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate in pyridine and acetone. Bis-phenol-A-bis(2-methacrylatoethyl)ether is prepared from 2,2-bis[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-propane and methacryl chloride in acetone.

Abstract: 2-Alkyl-oct-5-en-2-ols and their esters characterized by the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R represents alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and R.sup.1 represents hydroxyl or R.sup.2 COO--, wherein R.sup.2 represents alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl or aralkyl. These compounds can be in the cis or trans forms or mixtures thereof. The compounds have very pleasant, strong and long lasting green, floral, rosy aromas and are useful as fragrances or as components in fragrance compositions.

Abstract: Polyprenyl derivatives having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and each represents hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1-8 carbon atoms, an aliphatic acyloxy group having 2-18 carbon atoms, an aromatic acyloxy group or an araliphatic acyloxy group having 2-3 carbon atoms in the aliphatic acyl moiety, R.sup.3 represents hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1-8 carbon atoms, an aliphatic acyl group having 2-18 carbon atoms, an aromatic acyl group or an araliphatic acyl group having 2-3 carbon atoms in the aliphatic acyl moiety, n is an integer of 1-4 and, when n is an integer of 2-4, R.sup.2 's may be the same or different; provided that, when n is 1 or 2, at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 's is hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aliphatic acyloxy group, an aromatic acyloxy group or an araliphatic acyloxy group. These derivatives are useful as medicines for treating peptic ulcer.

Abstract: The invention comprises the oxidation of olefins to unsaturated esters of organic acids or acetals and/or unsaturated ethers of alcohols by contacting the olefin with an organic acid or alcohol reactant in the presence of a catalyst comprising a compound of a Group VIII noble metal and a redox agent. The catalyst is maintained active by contacting it with oxygen introduced simultaneously or intermittently with the olefin or by circulating the catalyst between separate oxygen and olefin contacting zones. The oxidation can be performed under liquid phase conditions by initiating the contacting with a dissolved catalyst or can be performed under vapor phase conditions by initiating the contacting with the catalyst distended on a solid support.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of dehydrophytol and Vitamin E comprising forming a C.sub.15 acetylene from hexahydropseudoionone and then coupling said acetylene with 1-acetoxy-4-chloro-3-methylbut-2-ene to form a C.sub.20 acetoxy-enyne. The latter is readily subjected to partial hydrogenation and saponification in that order to form a dehydrophytol, a useful intermediate for the synthesis of Vitamin E and other products.