Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal compound of formula (1). The compound has high optical (refractive index) anisotropy (?n), exhibits a liquid crystal phase at room temperature (having a broad liquid crystal phase temperature range) without crystallization, has high solubility in cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone or like organic solvents, exhibits excellent coating properties and orientation properties, and, after polymerization, has high transparency. wherein R1 and R2 each represent hydrogen, a methyl group or halogen; rings A to C each represent a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, etc.; at least one of rings A to C is a fused ring; X, Y, and Z each represent a C1 to C6 alkyl group, etc.; L1, L2, and L3 each represent —COO—, —OCO—, —O(CH2)j— (j=1 to 8), etc.; n is 0 or 1, and a to c are numbers such that the polymerizable liquid crystal compound may have at least one of X, Y, and Z.

Abstract: A novel polymerizable compound of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (I). Due to the presence of a reactive phenolic hydroxyl group at the end of the molecule, it can be reacted easily with various functional compounds and is useful as a monomer and an intermediate for various functional materials, especially as an intermediate for a polymerizable liquid crystal material. wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a halogen atom; R2 is an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a cyano group; an alkylene group of each of the alkyl and the alkoxy group may be interrupted by an unsaturated bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond or an ester bond; n is an integer from 0 to 14; and m is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the following formula (I) is provided. According to present invention, a novel compound capable of being utilized as an organic n-type semiconductor having an excellent electron transport property is provided, wherein in formula (I), Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent an aromatic hydrocarbon group having at least six carbon atoms or a heterocyclic group having at least four carbon atoms; R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent group; R5 and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group that may be substituted with a substituent; s1 and t1 each independently represent an integer of at least 2; with the proviso that at least one of R5 and R6 is the abovementioned monovalent organic group where at least one of all the hydrogen atoms of the monovalent organic group including the substituent is substituted with a fluorine atom.

Abstract: A fullerene derivative for electron acceptor is disclosed. Introducing a benzylalkyl group into the fullerene derivative can increase the affinity of the fullerene derivative with electron donors, and introducing an alkyl group into the fullerene derivative can increase the solubility of the fullerene derivative with an organic solvent. In addition, an organic thin-film solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same are further disclosed. An annealing process can be employed to improve the crystallization and to reduce the phase separation state of a photoactive layer that is formed by the fullerene derivative and the electron acceptor. Thereby, the fullerene derivative is facilitated to enhance the solar energy to electricity conversion efficiency of the resultant organic thin-film solar cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for production of a substituted benzene, which comprises intramolecularly and/or intermolecularly trimerizing a triple bond in an alkyne in the presence of a transition metal catalyst to yield a substituted benzene compound. In the process, the transition metal catalyst is prepared from an iminomethylpyridine represented by the formula (1) or (2), a transition metal salt or a hydrate thereof, and a reducing agent in a reaction system and is used to perform the trimerization. The process can be used in any one of the intramolecular cyclization of a triyne compound, the cyclization of a diyne compound or an alkyne compound and the intermolecular cyclization of three molecules of an alkyne compound, is excellent in economic effectiveness and operability, and is practically advantageous.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymers which contain novel structural units of the formula (1). The inventive materials exhibit better solubility and improved efficiency when used in a polymeric organic light-emitting diode.

Abstract: The polymerizable compound of the present invention is represented by general formula (1) below and can provide a composition that is polymerizable near ambient temperature and exists in a liquid crystal phase at low temperatures. The composition and a (co)polymer of the polymerizable compound of the present invention are liquid crystal substances useful as optically anisotropic materials. (In the formula, each of rings A1 to A3 represents a benzene ring, cyclohexane ring, etc.; each of X to Z represents a C1-8 alkyl or alkoxy group, C2-6 alkenyl group, halogen atom, cyano group, or CH2?CR3—COO—; each of R1 to R3 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl group, or halogen atom; each of L1 to L3 represents —CH2CH2COO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH2CH2—, —O(CH2)f— (herein, f=1-8), etc.; n represents 0 or 1; and a to c represent such numbers that the polymerizable compound has at least one or more of any of X, Y, and Z).

Abstract: A polymerizable compound represented by general formula (1) of the invention has good solvent solubility and excellent alignment control properties and optical characteristics. In formula (1), M1 and M2 are each hydrogen or methyl; X1 and are each a single bond, or an optionally branched C1-10 alkylene, alkyleneoxy or alkyleneoxycarbonyloxy; X3 is optionally branched C1-10 alkylene; Y1 and Y2 are each an ester linkage, etc.; and rings A, B, C, and D are each a cyclic structure, such as 2,6-naphthlene.

Abstract: A novel polymerizable compound of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (I). Due to the presence of a reactive phenolic hydroxyl group at the end of the molecule, it can be reacted easily with various functional compounds and is useful as a monomer and an intermediate for various functional materials, especially as an intermediate for a polymerizable liquid crystal material. wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a halogen atom; R2 is an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or a cyano group; an alkylene group of each of the alkyl and the alkoxy group may be interrupted by an unsaturated bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond or an ester bond; n is an integer from 0 to 14; and m is 0 or 1.

Abstract: The present invention refers to new organic molecules, derived from the class of polycarbocycle derivatives, and their application as components of photoresists, and in particular as components of photoresist compositions where no polymer is comprised as one of the photoresists components. In these photoresist formulations the new molecule(s) is/are the main component(s) (i.e. percentage higher than 50% w/w).

Abstract: An organic semiconductor material is provided. The organic semiconductor material includes a polyacene derivative expressed by the following general formula (1): where each of R1 to R10 may be independently the same substituents or different substituents but all of R1, R4, R5, R6, R9 and R10 may never be hydrogen atoms at the same time, and where each of R1 to R10 is at least one kind of substituent selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a substituent and of which number of carbon atoms ranges of from 1 to 20, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having a substituent, a complex aromatic group having a substituent, a carboxyl group, a hydride, an ester group, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom and a hydrogen atom. The organic semiconductor material can be dissolved into an organic solvent at low temperature (for example, room temperature) and is suitable for use with a coating process.

Abstract: A new liquid crystal compound comprises two condensed and substituted rings. The ring preferably is a five-membered heterocyclic ring. The heterocyclic ring is preferably condensed with benzene ring or an aromatic six-membered heterocyclic ring. The benzene ring or the aromatic six-membered heterocyclic ring is preferably substituted with a group comprising a cyclic structure and a chain structure. The liquid crystal compound is advantageously used in preparation of a thin phase retarder, such as a wide-ranged ?/4 plate, which gives inverse wavelength distribution. The phase retarder can be easily produced according to a simple process by using the new liquid crystal compound.

Abstract: To provide optical elements such as a phase plate suitably used in a broadband range and a polarizing diffraction element excellent in diffraction efficiency, a polymerizable liquid crystal composition to be used for them, and an optical head device using them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phototunable chiral dopant represented by the following structure: wherein: A, B, C and D are independent divalent groups; X and Z are any independently selected substituent; n is an integer and independently varies from 0 to 3; q is an integer and independently varies from 0 to 5; RNG1 and RNG2 independently represent any ring group; m represents an integer independently varying from 0 to 4; p represents an integer independently varying from 1 to 4; Q independently represents a carbon C—RC, or nitrogen, wherein RC is independently hydrogen or any substituent. The invention also relates to the use of the dopant in a liquid crystalline composition and a display containing the same, as well as a material composition comprising an enantiomeric excess of one enantiomer of the compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phototunable chiral dopant represented by the following structure: wherein: A, B, C and D are independent divalent groups; X and Z are any independently selected substituent; n is an integer and independently varies from 0 to 3; q is an integer and independently varies from 0 to 5; RNG1 and RNG2 independently represent any ring group; m represents an integer independently varying from 0 to 4; p represents an integer independently varying from 1 to 4; Q independently represents a carbon C—RC, or nitrogen, wherein RC is independently hydrogen or any substituent. The invention also relates to the use of the dopant in a liquid crystalline composition and a display containing the same, as well as a material composition comprising an enantiomeric excess of one enantiomer of the compound.

Abstract: Most carbon-centered free radical antioxidants are generated through hydrogen abstraction. Disclosed herein a new class of antioxidant precursor compounds of the formula A-B, wherein upon exposure of the compounds to an increase in temperature, the compounds undergo at least partial dissociation into free radicals Ao and Bo at least one of which may be functional as an antioxidant. Preferably, each of Ao and Bo is a carbon centered free radical.

Abstract: Provided are a polymerizing liquid-crystalline compound of formula (1). In formula (1), Q1 to Q4 each independently represent a formula (2), a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group or the like; at least two of Q1 to Q4 are a formula (2) and may differ from each other. In formula (2), A independently represent a 1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-phenylene group or the like; X independently represents a single bond, an alkylene group or the like; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO— or the like; n indicates an integer of from 0 to 3; p represents any one polymerizing group of formulae (P1) to (P8); W represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group or the like. When Q1 and Q2 are both hydrogen atoms and when Q3 and Q4 are both formula (2), then p must not be (P8).

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing compounds represented by the formula (1-1) and the formula (1-2), compounds represented by the formula (2-1) and the formula (2-2), and a compound represented by the formula (3-1): the polymerizable liquid crystal composition having homogeneous, homeotropic, or hybrid alignment, which can be coated on a support substrate, for example, of a transparent plastic film such as a triacetyl cellulose film or cycloolefin polymer film, or glass, and is aligned on a substrate as a polymer film while maintaining the alignment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chiral compound, and an article utilizing the same, represented by the following structures I-1, I-2, I-3, or 1-4: wherein the chiral compound demonstrates thermochromic temperature insensitivity.

Abstract: Novel anti-reflective coatings comprising small molecules (e.g., less than about 5,000 g/mole) in lieu of high molecular weight polymers and methods of using those coatings are provided. In one embodiment, aromatic carboxylic acids are used as the chromophores, and the resulting compounds are blended with a crosslinking agent and an acid. Anti-reflective coating films prepared according to the invention exhibit improved properties compared to high molecular weight polymeric anti-reflective coating films. The small molecule anti-reflective coatings have high etch rates and good via fill properties. Photolithographic processes carried out with the inventive material result in freestanding, 110-nm profiles.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds which are thyroid receptor ligands, preferably antagonists, and to methods for using such compounds in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, thyrotoxicosis and subclinical hyperthyrodism.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic element comprises a discotic compound. The discotic compound has an oriented discotic plane. The discotic compound has a molecular structure including a discotic core and 3 to 20 combinations of ester bonds (—O—CO—) and 1- or 2-alkenyl groups. The alkenyl group can have a polymerizable group as a substituent group positioned at the terminal. A polymerizable discotic compound having an oriented discotic plane can be polymerized to form an optically anisotropic element. Alignment of the oriented discotic plane is fixed by polymerization. A new triphenylene compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic element comprises a discotic compound. The discotic compound has an oriented discotic plane. The discotic compound has a molecular structure represented by the formula (I) of D(—O—CO—CR1?CR2—X—R3)n. In the formula (I), D is a discotic core, n is an integer of 3 to 20, each of R1 and R2 is hydrogen, a halogen atom or an alkyl group, X is —O—, —S— or —NR—, and R3 is an alkyl group or an aryl group. A polymerizable discotic compound having an oriented discotic plane can be polymerized to form an optically anisotropic element. Alignment of the oriented discotic plane is fixed by polymerization. A new discotic compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process by which a carboxylic acid/diol mixture is obtained from a carboxylic acid/solvent slurry without isolation of a substantially dry carboxylic acid solid. More specifically, the present invention relates to a process by which a terephthalic acid/ethylene glycol mixture is obtained from a terephthalic acid/solvent slurry without isolation of a substantially dry terephthalic acid solid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel class of compounds useful as chiral dopants, which compounds are available in both enantiomeric forms. Another aspect of the invention relates to such compounds having a enantiomeric excess of one enantiomeric form, which are useful in liquid crystal formulations. Such formulations are advantageous in displays and various other products.

Abstract: An optically active compound containing 5,5′,6,6′,7,7′,8,8′-octahydro-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol of the general formula (1) as an asymmetric source, wherein n is an integer of 1 to 10, Y is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a phenyl group substituted with an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X is a single bond (—), —OOC— or —OCH2—, and each of A and B is a substituent formed by specifically combining rings selected from cyclohexane, benzene, pyrimidine, naphthalene, dioxane, etc.

Abstract: An organic single-crystalline film useful as a functional film in various devices is produced by selecting a liquid crystal material having a good molecular alignment regularity, disposing the liquid crystal material between a pair of boundaries exerting a thickness regulating force and solidifying the liquid crystal material while imparting a molecular alignment order by phase transition from a liquid crystal phase. The liquid crystal material may preferably be a smectic liquid crystal material which provides a uniform molecular alignment inclusive of the direction of the molecular long axis in a smectic phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process by which a carboxylic acid/diol mixture is obtained from a carboxylic acid/solvent slurry without isolation of a substantially dry carboxylic acid solid. More specifically, the present invention relates to a process by which a terephthalic acid/ethylene glycol mixture is obtained from a terephthalic acid/solvent slurry without isolation of a substantially dry terephthalic acid solid.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluorinated fluorene derivatives of negative DC anisotropy, of the formula I

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing anthracene of formula (II) below by mixing a reaction mixture with a primary alcohol, wherein the reaction mixture is a reaction mixture obtained by reacting a metal hydride with an anthraquinone of formula (I):

Abstract: Symmetrically disubstituted aromatic compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds that inhibit and/or modulate the activity of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase, also known as PARG, are described. The invention is also directed to the therapeutic or prophylactic use of such compounds and compositions, and to methods of treating diseases and disorders described herein, by administering effective amounts of such compounds.

Abstract: An optically active compound of the general formula (1) useful as a chiral dopant, and use thereof for a liquid crystal composition, the above optically active compound having a remarkably large helical twisting power (HTP) of as large as 50 or more and having a property that the helical pitch induced decreases in length with an increase in temperature, so that the optically active compound has an excellent value as a chiral dopant for a nematic liquid crystal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) The compounds are useful in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions mediated by nuclear receptors, in particular the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR).

Abstract: Complexes of a selected class of chiral ligands with molybdenum, tungsten or chromium, preferably molybdenum, are effective as catalysts in highly enantioselective and regioselective alkylation of allylic substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbon-containing catalyst support that includes at least a carbonaceous material nd a thermosetting or sinterable polymer. The components are mixed and the polymer sintered or thermoset to provide a non-crushable, non-friable, and non-breakable composite. A catalytically active metal can be supported on the carbonaceous material prior to mixing, or on the composite after mixing and heating the mixture to sinter or thermoset the polymer.

Abstract: A composition containing a diester of a naphthalene dicarboxylic acid having compound formula (I) for photochemically stabilizing dibenzoylmethane derivatives, absorbing UV radiation, imparting gloss and for stabilizing natural hair color and hair dyes against fading, and which can be used to increase the emolliency and sunscreen protection factor (SPF) of cosmetic formulations and for filtering out ultraviolet radiation from human skin: wherein R1 is has the formula (II) wherein k is 1 to 13, preferably 1 to 6, most preferably 1, and R2, same or different, is selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula (II) wherein k is 1 to 13, preferably 1 to 6, most preferably 1, and an alkyl group, straight chain or branched, having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof. These diesters of formula (I) are quite effective in stabilizing the dibenzoylmethane derivative UV-A filter compounds making them more effective, and effective for longer periods of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to dendrimeric fullerene derivatives in which the fullerene is linked to at least one dendron, wherein the or each dendron has at least one protic group which imparts water solubility.

Abstract: Retinoid antagonist compounds have been found to be useful in the prevention and/or minimization of surgical adhesion formation. Also provided by the invention are certain novel substituted (5,6)-dihydronaphthalenyl compounds which are retinoid antagonists and possess the above-mentioned property in addition to their use as antiinflammatory agents for chronic skin inflammatory diseases, as agents for the treatment of rheumatic diseases and as agents for the treatment of various tumors as well as non-malignant proliferative skin conditions.

Abstract: A hair-treating composition containing a diester or polyester of a naphthalene dicarboxylic acid having compound formula (I) or (II), or mixtures; for imparting gloss and/or hair color stabilization: wherein each R1, same or different, is an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, a diol having the structure HO—R2—OH, or a polyglycol having the structure HO—R3—(—O—R2—)m—OH, wherein R2 and R3, same or different, are each an alkylene group, sight chain or branched, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and wherein m and n are each 1 to about 100, or a mixture thereof. These diesters and polyesters of formula (I) or (II) are quite effective in stabilizing the dibenzoylmethane derivative UV-A filter compounds making them more effective, and effective for longer periods of time.

Abstract: Alkoxy and/or acyloxy disubstituted and polysubstituted aralkyl and aralkenyl bis-quaternary ammonium derivatives of cyclic alkanol diesters have neuromuscular relaxant properties.

Abstract: Provided are novel acetylene compounds which are useful as a component for a liquid crystal composition used for a liquid crystal element, a liquid crystal composition containing said compounds and a liquid crystal element using said liquid crystal composition. The acetylene compound is represented by Formula (1): n-CmH2m+1—C≡C—A—Z1—B—Y1—R1  (1) wherein m represents an integer of 2 to 24; R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group, a linear or branched alkoxyalkyl group, a linear or branched alkenyl group, or a linear or branched alkenyloxyalkyl group each of which may be substituted with a halogen atom; R1 may have an asymmetric carbon atom, and the asymmetric carbon atom may be optically active; A and B represents a cyclic group such as a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, a naphthylene group and the like each of which may be substituted with a halogen atom.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production and purification of dialkyl naphthalenedicarboxylate compounds wherein a crude naphthalenediacarboxylic acid is esterified with an alkanol such as methanol to produce a crude esterification product comprising dialkyl naphthalenedicarboxylate, starting materials and other compounds and the crude esterification product is purified by flash distillation to remove impurities which can cause fouling of conventional distillation equipment. A particularly useful diester is dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate.

Abstract: The process for preparing polyethylene naphthalate according to the invention is intended to obtain polyethylene naphthalate having a low impurity content from naphthalenedicarboxylic acid containing impurities.

Abstract: Methods for reducing the fouling of process equipment used in the manufacture of aromatic compounds such as dimethyl-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate are disclosed. The methods require treating manufacturing process streams with a metal complexing agent. Novel compositions useful in the manufacture of aromatic materials such as dimethyl-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate also are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for making arthropodicidal oxadiazines and intermediates which are racemic or enantiomerically enriched at their chiral center, the method for making the oxadiazines comprising reaction of an intermediate selected from ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is F, Cl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 fluoroalkoxy,R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, andR.sup.4 is H or CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 (C.sub.6 H.sub.5).as well as certain selected intermediates including those depicted above, and methods of making them.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## the symbols have the meaning described in the specification.

Abstract: This invention relates to a key intermediate in the synthesis of an endothelin antagonist, the synthesis of this key intermediate and the synthesis of an endothelin antagonist using this intermediate in a stereoselective deoxygenation reaction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group having from 3 to 18 carbon atoms; X represents ##STR2## Y represents ##STR3## (A) and (B) each represents a group selected from the group consisting of ##STR4## and ##STR5## and * indicates an optically active center.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## where the symbols have the meaning described in the application, have retinoid-like or retinoid antagonist-like biological activity.

Abstract: There is provided a carboxylic acid compound represented by the following formulae (I) to (IV): ##STR1## a liquid crystal material consisting of the carboxylic acid ester compound, a liquid crystal composition comprising the carboxylic acid ester compound, and a liquid crystal element using the carboxylic acid ester compound. There can be obtained advantages such as low operating temperature, high speed switching, very small electric power consumption, and high-stable contrast.