Abstract: In a process for the preparation of ring compounds via a combinatorial synthesis, the reaction procedure is based on a Suzuki coupling, subsequent halo-demetallation and finally a further Suzuki coupling. The Suzuki couplings are each carried out with a boronic acid or a boronic acid ester. The reaction procedure uses provides novel ring compounds and uses novel synthesis units used for this purpose. The novel ring compounds are suitable for use as constituents in liquid-crystalline mixtures.

Abstract: A solid terephthalic acid composition and a process for producing terephthalic acid from para-xylene. The process comprises forming a mixture comprising the para-xylene, a solvent, a bromine source, and a catalyst; and oxidizing the para-xylene by contacting the mixture with an oxidizing agent at oxidizing conditions to produce a solid oxidation product comprising terephthalic acid, para-toluic acid, 4-carboxybenzaldehyde. The solvent comprises a carboxylic acid having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms and an dialkyl imidazolium ionic liquid; and the catalyst comprises at least one of cobalt, titanium, manganese, chromium, copper, nickel, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, tin, cerium, and zirconium. The solid terephthalic acid composition comprises, less than about 4,000 ppm-wt 4-carboxybenzaldehyde content, and more than about 2,000 ppm-wt a para-toluic acid.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing particulate or loosely agglomerated nano-metal organic framework crystals having an average particle size less than 100 nm. A base compound is added to a solution of a metal salt and an organic polydentate ligand with thorough stirring at a temperature between about 15° C. and about 30° C. for a time less than about 4 hours.

Abstract: A process and a mixture for oxidizing an alkyl-aromatic compound comprises forming a mixture comprising the alkyl-aromatic compound, a solvent, a bromine source, and a catalyst; and contacting the mixture with an oxidizing agent at oxidizing conditions to produce an oxidation product comprising at least one of an aromatic aldehyde, an aromatic alcohol, an aromatic ketone, and an aromatic carboxylic acid. The solvent comprises a carboxylic acid having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms and an ionic liquid selected from the group consisting of an imidazolium ionic liquid, a pyridinium ionic liquid, a phosphonium ionic liquid, a tetra alkyl ammonium ionic liquid, and combinations thereof. The catalyst comprises at least one of cobalt, titanium, manganese, chromium, copper, nickel, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, tin, cerium, and zirconium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted and unsubstituted terephthalic acid and carboxylate derivatives and products prepared therefrom having a significant renewable content. The invention also relates to processes for preparing substituted and unsubstituted terephthalic and carboxylate derivatives thereof wherein a portion of the starting materials utilized is derived from renewable resources. The invention also relates to novel cyclohexene based intermediates prepared in these processes and to conversion of these intermediates to substituted and unsubstituted cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylates and carboxylate derivatives thereof and novel forms of the resulting products having renewable content. The invention also relates to products prepared from substituted and unsubstituted terephthalic acid and carboxylate derivatives thereof derived from starting materials derived from renewable resources.

Abstract: This invention provides, but is not limited to, methods of using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) having repeat units of the formula M2(DHTP) (M is a divalent metal ion; DHTP=2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate) for acetylene storage. Also provided are compositions of the same formula and acetylene, e.g., an acetylene storage material comprising [M2(DHTP)]n and acetylene.

Abstract: Described is an electrode material which is suitable for a lithium ion accumulator and comprises a porous metal-organic framework, wherein the framework comprises lithium ions and optionally at least one further metal ion and at least one bidentate organic compound and the at least one bidentate organic compound is based on a dihydroxydicarboxylic acid which can be reversibly oxidized to a quinoid structure. Also described is a porous metalorganic framework, the use thereof and also lithium ion accumulators comprising such electrode materials.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention discloses a drying agent having the formula: [Mg2(BTEC)(H2O)m].nH2O, where m denotes zero or positive integer from 1 to 10, and n denotes zero or positive integer from 1 to 6. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a drying agent.

Abstract: Esters of tocotrienols having pharmacological activities pertinent to the treatment of breast cancer and other forms of cancer are disclosed herein. Among those compounds is (Z)-4-oxo-4-((R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-((3E,7E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-3,7,11-trienyl)chroman-6-yloxy)but-2-enoic acid. Tocotrienol esters were used to inhibit the growth and migration of +SA mammary epithelial cells and highly metastatic human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed are process and apparatus for vertical splitting of the oxygen supply to a post-oxidation reactor. Further disclosed are process and apparatus for supplying reaction medium to a post-oxidation reactor at a mid-level inlet. Such apparatus and process can assist in reducing oxygen pinch throughout the post-oxidation reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted dibenzoic acid derivatives of formula (I), wherein A represents a group of formula (II) or (III), to methods for producing the same, and to their use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases. The invention also relates to the use of said substances in the production of drugs for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, especially in the treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Abstract: The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a muconate pathway having at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a muconate pathway enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to produce muconate.

Abstract: A composition for deicing or for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid is provided. The composition comprises a mixture of at least two carboxylic acid salts having a t/c ratio of 2 or lower, including a dicarboxylic salt and a monocarboxylic salt, said dicarboxylic salt being present in the mixture in an amount of at least 50 wt % of the weight of the mixture, on a dry basis. More particularly, said mixture is including a succinate and a formate, wherein the succinate is in an amount of at least 50 wt %, on a dry basis. Also provided is a method for deicing a surface or preventing the accumulation of ice, snow or a mixture thereof on a surface, comprising a step of applying on a surface covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, or susceptible of being covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, the above composition. The composition is also useful for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid coolant to be used in a heat transfer system comprising a heat transfer fluid provided with a cooling system.

Abstract: A method of electrochemically preparing a crystalline, porous, metal-organic framework material comprising at least one at least bidentate organic compound coordinately bound to at least one metal ion, in a reaction medium comprising the at least one bidentate organic compound, wherein at least one metal ion is provided in the reaction medium by the oxidation of one anode comprising the corresponding metal.

Abstract: An arrangement and a method for producing high-purity crystals, such as temperature-sensitive pharmaceutical agents, in a countercurrent crystallization process. The arrangement comprises a plurality of crystallizers, mother liquor lines, each of which has a shut-off valve, and crystallization product lines, each of which has a shut-off valve, so that a mother liquor flow can be generated which is directed from a crystallizer to the second-next crystallizer in the direction of decreasing purity, and a crystallization product flow can be generated which is directed from a to dissolved crystallization product that is about to crystallize to the next crystallizer in the direction of higher purity.

Abstract: The invention is directed to novel poly(ether-ester)polyols, processes for their production from monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid esters with one or more bound polyether chain(s). This invention also relates to the production of polyurethane materials in which the isocyanate-reactive component comprises these poly(ether-ester)polyols.

Abstract: Methods of making a modified pigment by reacting a first chemical group and a second chemical group to form a pigment having attached a third chemical group. The first chemical group includes at least one nucleophile and the second chemical group includes at least one electrophile, or vice versa. Resulting modified pigments, and ink compositions containing such pigments, are also described.

Abstract: What is described is a method for starting a gas phase oxidation reactor that contains a bed of a first catalyst whose active material comprises a catalytically active silver-vanadium oxide bronze, and at least one bed of a second catalyst whose catalytically active material comprises vanadium pentoxide and titanium dioxide, and whose temperature is controllable by means of a heat transfer medium. In the operating state, a gas stream which comprises a loading cop of a hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through the reactor over the bed of the first and second catalyst at a temperature Top of the heat transfer medium. For the startup, a) a gas stream is passed through the reactor with a starting loading c0 which is less than cop, and at a starting temperature T0 of the heat transfer medium which is less than Top, and b) the temperature of the heat transfer medium is brought to Top and the loading of the gas stream to cop.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for analysis by capillary electrophoresis of glycated haemoglobins comprising at least one globin chain comprising a glucose residue bound to the amino acid in the N-terminal position, contained in a biological sample, said method comprising using a buffer composition comprising at least one compound which is capable of specifically complexing glucose residues of one or several glycated haemoglobin(s) and of providing said glycated haemoglobin(s) with several negative electric charges at an alkaline pH. By way of example, this compound may be 3,4- or 3,5-dicarboxyphenylboronic acid, preferably 3,5-dicarboxyphenylboronic acid. Said method may in particular be used to separate and assay haemoglobin HbA1c present in a biological sample optionally comprising other haemoglobins, in particular other minor fractions.

Abstract: Improved process for the continuous production of slow crystallizing polyester resin comprising esterification of at least one dicarboxylic acid or mono-esters thereof or di-esters thereof with at least one polyol, melt polymerizing the esterified mixture, preparing uniform crystalline hemispherical prepolymer by particle former process, adding at least one diol having tertiary or quaternary carbon atoms with pendant groups such as neopentyl glycol or 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol or any suitable diol at any stage during esterification or melt polymerization but before the particle former process; and solid state polymerizing the prepolymer to obtain high molecular weight slow crystallizing polyester. Slow crystallizing low molecular weight crystalline hemispherical prepolymer having IV of about 0.1 dl/g to about 0.45 and uniform hemispherical shape, uniform particle size, uniform crystallinity prepared by the above process and is used as precursor to prepare high molecular weight resin.

Abstract: Bio-based terephthalic acid (bio-TPA), bio-based dimethyl terephthalate (bio-DMT), and bio-based polyesters, which are produced from a biomass containing a terpene or terpenoid, such as limonene are described, as well as the process of making these products. The bio-based polyesters include poly(alkylene terephthalate)s such as bio-based poly(ethylene terephthalate) (bio-PET), bio-based poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (bio-PTT), bio-based poly(butylene terephthalate) (bio-PBT), and bio-based poly(cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate) (bio-PCT).

Abstract: Bio-based terephthalic acid (bio-TPA), bio-based dimethyl terephthalate (bio-DMT), and bio-based polyesters, which are produced from a biomass containing a terpene or terpenoid, such as limonene are described, as well as the process of making these products. The bio-based polyesters include poly(alkylene terephthalate)s such as bio-based poly(ethylene terephthalate) (bio-PET), bio-based poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (bio-PTT), bio-based poly(butylene terephthalate) (bio-PBT), and bio-based poly(cyclohexylene dimethyl terephthalate) (bio-PCT).

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the preparation of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitrotoluene by amination of 2,6-dichloro-3,5-dinitrotoluene. The presence of water unexpectedly results in a highly pure product, free of glycol ether impurities. This product can be used to make highly pure 2,3,5,6-tetraaminotoluene, which in turn can be used to make high molecular weight polybenzimidazoles for high strength fibers.

Abstract: A catalyst of the invention includes an imide compound having a N-substituted cyclic imide skeleton represented by following Formula (I): wherein R is a hydroxyl-protecting group. Preferred R is a hydrolyzable protecting group. R may be a group obtained from an acid by eliminating an OH group therefrom. Such acids include, for example, carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, carbonic acid, carbamic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acids and boric acids. The catalyst may include the imide compound and a metallic compound in combination. In the presence of the catalyst, (A) a compound capable of forming a radical is allowed to react with (B) a radical scavenging compound and thereby yields an addition or substitution reaction product of the compound (A) and the compound (B) or a derivative thereof. This catalyst can produce an organic compound with a high selectivity in a high yield as a result of, for example, an addition or substitution reaction under mild conditions.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing an enriched carboxylic acid compositions produced by contacting composition comprising a carboxylic acid with an enrichment feed in an enrichment zone to form an enriched carboxylic acid composition. This invention also relates to a process and the resulting compositions for removing catalyst from a carboxylic acid composition to produce a post catalyst removal composition.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions for conversion of substituted aromatic feed materials to oxidized products comprising aromatic carboxylic acid derivatives of the substituted aromatic feed materials comprise solid particles comprising palladium in combination with at least one of antimony, bismuth and gold, and optionally, an additional metal or metalloid component effective to promote activity or selectivity of the palladium and antimony, bismuth or gold for oxidation to aromatic carboxylic acids. A process for oxidizing substituted aromatic feed materials comprises contacting the feed material with oxygen in the presence of such catalytic compositions in a liquid reaction mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous metal organic framework comprising a bidentate organic compound coordinated to a metal ion selected from the group of metals consisting of Al, Fe and Cr, with the bidentate organic compound being derived from a dicarboxylic acid, wherein the framework has a structure whose projection along has a pattern in which each side of a hexagon is bounded by a triangle. The present invention further relates to shaped bodies and a process for preparing the porous metal organic framework and its use.

Abstract: Disclosed are 1,8-naphthyl diaryloates, methods of making 1,8-naphthyl diaryloates, methods of using 1,8-naphthyl diaryloates, solid titanium catalyst components, catalyst systems containing solid titanium catalyst components, methods of making solid titanium catalyst components, and polymerization methods. The solid titanium catalyst components contain a 1,8-naphthyl diaryloate internal electron donor compound. The catalyst system can contain a solid titanium catalyst component, an organoaluminum compound, and an organosilicon compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curing catalyst (clathrate compound) for which the curing reaction is suppressed at low temperatures, allowing an improvement in the one-pot stability, but which can effectively cure a resin upon heat treatment. The clathrate compound comprises at least an isophthalic acid compound represented by a formula (1) [wherein R1 represents a C1 to C6 alkyl group or the like] and an imidazole compound represented by a formula (II) [wherein R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C10 alkyl group or the like, and R3 to R5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a nitro group or the like].

Abstract: Ink jet inks comprising a modified pigment, wherein the modified pigment is a pigment having attached organic groups of substituted or unsubstituted 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acids and/or salts thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing tetrafluoroterephthalic acid difluoride comprising reacting tetrachloroterephthalic acid dichloride with potassium fluoride in the presence of dimethyl sulfone.

Abstract: A process for the alkoxyalkylation of an unsubstituted aromatic substrate or a substituted aromatic substrate, said substitution being via a carbon-carbon bond, said process comprising reacting the aromatic substrate with a dialkoxyalkane in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: Processes for producing aromatic dicarboxylic acids are disclosed, the processes including a step of combining in a reaction medium a dialkyl aromatic, a solvent comprising water and a saturated organic acid having from 2-4 carbon atoms, and an oxygen-containing gas, at a temperature from about 125° C. to about 155° C., in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising cobalt, manganese, zirconium, and bromine, wherein the weight ratio of cobalt to manganese in the reaction mixture is from about 10 to about 400. The processes provide improved conversion, while reducing the formation of carbon oxides and other by-products.

Abstract: Terephthalic acid is prepared by reacting a 2,5-furandicarboxylate with ethylene in the presence of a solvent to produce a bicyclic ether; and then dehydrating the bicyclic ether. The process of the present invention effectively produces terephthalic acid, while reducing or eliminating the impurities, color bodies and carbon oxides produced in commercial practice by the liquid-phase oxidation of methyl-substituted benzene feedstocks.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel p-tert butylcalix[6]arenes of formulae (IA) and (IB) with carboxylic or hydroxyamino triacidic functions in positions 2, 4 and 6, and other functions in positions 1, 3 and 5, supported liquid membranes and support materials comprising the above and the uses thereof.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions for conversion of substituted aromatic feed materials to oxidized products comprising aromatic carboxylic acid derivatives of the substituted aromatic feed materials comprise at least two metal or metalloid elements, at least one of which is palladium, platinum, vanadium or titanium, and at least one of which is a Group 5, 6, 14 or 15 metal or metalloid. A process for oxidizing substituted aromatic feed materials comprises contacting the feed material with oxygen in the presence of such a catalytic composition in a liquid reaction mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorine-containing dicarboxylic acid represented by formula (1), wherein n represents an integer of 1-4, and the two carboxylic groups are not adjacent to each other on the aromatic ring. It is possible to obtain a linear polymer compound by reacting the fluorine-containing dicarboxylic acid with a comonomer (e.g., diaminodiol). By thermal cyclization, this linear polymer compound can be converted into another polymer compound having superior characteristics.

Abstract: A method of isolating nucleic acid from a sample containing nucleic acid is provided. The method includes contacting the sample with a bifunctional material that contains an amino group and a carboxyl group and is positively charged at a first pH to allow binding of the nucleic acid to the bifunctional material; and extracting the nucleic acid at a second pH higher than the first pH from the complex.

Abstract: Methods comprising: providing an oxidation catalyst bed; and starting up the oxidation catalyst at a temperature of 360° C. to 400° C. with an amount of air of 1.0 to 3.5 standard m3/h and a hydrocarbon loading of 20 to 65 g/standard m3, such that a hot spot having a temperature of 390° C. to <450° C. is formed in the first 7-20% of the catalyst bed.

Abstract: A method of producing a first ethynyl compound represented by the following formula (1), the method including reacting a second ethynyl compound represented by the following formula (2) in a liquid phase in the presence of a reducing agent to obtain the first ethynyl compound, wherein Q1 represents an organic group; R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; and R1 and R2 may be bonded to each other.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for preparing asymmetrical biphenyl tetracarboxylic acids and the corresponding asymmetrical dianhydrides, namely 2,3,3?,4?-biphenyl dianhydride (a-BPDA), 2,3,3?,4?-benzophenone dianhydride (a-BTDA) and 3,4?-methylenediphthalic anhydride (-MDPA). By cross-coupling reactions of reactive metal substituted o-xylenes or by cross-coupling o-xylene derivatives in the presence of catalysts, this invention specifically produces asymmetrical biphenyl intermediates that are subsequently oxidized or hydrolyzed and oxidized to provide asymmetric biphenyl tetracarboxylic acids in comparatively high yields. These asymmetrical biphenyl tetracarboxylic acids are subsequently converted to the corresponding asymmetrical dianhydrides without contamination by symmetrical biphenyl dianhydrides.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of ring compounds via a combinatorial synthesis, the reaction procedure is based on a Suzuki coupling, subsequent halo-demetallation and finally a further Suzuki coupling. The Suzuki couplings are each carried out with a boronic acid or a boronic acid ester. The reaction procedure uses provides novel ring compounds and uses novel synthesis units used for this purpose. The novel ring compounds are suitable for use as constituents in liquid-crystalline mixtures.

Abstract: A metal-organic framework-based mesh-adjustable molecular sieve (MAMS) exhibiting a temperature-dependent mesh size. The MAMS comprises a plurality of metal clusters bound with a plurality of amphiphilic ligands, each ligand comprising a hydrophobic moiety and a functionalized hydrophilic moiety, and wherein the metal clusters and amphiphilic ligand functionalized hydrophilic moieties form a metal cluster layer, the metal cluster layer forming at least one hydrophilic pore. On each side of the metal cluster layer, a plurality of associated amphiphilic ligand hydrophobic moieties cooperate with the metal cluster layer to form a tri-layer and a plurality of tri-layers are packed in a facing-spaced apart relationship to form at least one hydrophobic pore.

Abstract: Metal-organic framework-based molecular sieves comprising pores with a temperature-adjustable pore opening. The temperature-adjustable pore size molecular sieves comprise a plurality of metal clusters bound with a plurality of amphiphilic ligands, each ligand comprising a functionalized hydrophobic moiety and a functionalized hydrophilic moiety, and wherein the metal clusters and amphiphilic ligand hydrophilic moieties form a metal cluster layer, the metal cluster layer forming at least one hydrophilic pore. On each side of the metal cluster layer, a plurality of associated amphiphilic ligand hydrophobic moieties cooperate with the metal cluster layer to form a tri-layer and a plurality of tri-layers are held in proximity with each other to form at least one hydrophobic chamber. The hydrophobic moieties form temperature-adjustable pore size hydrophobic pores.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of di-n-butyl terephthalate by the esterification of terephthalic acid with n-butanol in the presence of a strong acid while employing a fractionating column.

Abstract: 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid is produced in high yields and high purity from 2,5-dihaloterephthalic acid by contact with a copper source and a ligand that coordinates to copper under basic conditions.

Abstract: Described are ortho carboxy phenol derived acetals and compositions containing ortho carboxy phenol derived acetals which are useful for delivering biologically active compounds to cells. The acetals can be used to reversibly link up to three different molecules and have rapid hydrolysis kinetics in conditions which are present in a cell as well as in vivo. Cleavage of the acetal enhances delivery of the biologically active compound.

Abstract: Hydroxy aromatic acids are produced in high yields and high purity (>95%) from halogenated aromatic acids in a reaction mixture containing a copper source and a ligand that coordinates to copper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of hydrogenation reaction of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid comprising the steps of calculating an amount of hydrogen to remove impurities such as formylnaphthoic acid, naphthalenecarboxylate bromide and high molecule organic impurities of heavy substances, and inputting a fixed quantity of hydrogen calculated. Consequently, higher purity 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid may be obtained in high yield.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions of Bis-(N,N disubstituted-aminophenyl)phenyl methane colorants that decolorize rapidly when applied to surfaces having a basic pH, such as concrete, but remain visually apparent on vegetation and soil. These compositions can also be used as pH indicators in their colorless form by developing color on acidic surfaces or in acidic materials, such as in/on paint, ice, concrete, and acid cured polymer systems. The compositions are also useful as spray pattern indicators for landscaping, construction, and golf course applications. The compositions also exhibit reduced toxicity when compared to other traditional colorants of similar shade used as spray pattern indicators.