Abstract: The invention relates to low-viscosity polyaddition compounds containing uretdione groups, preparation process, and use.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing sodium dicyanamide, in which cyanamide is reacted simultaneously with sodium hydroxide solution and cyanogen chloride in aqueous solution at temperatures of 20 to 100° and a pH of 7.0 to 10.0. By means of the inventive process it is possible, starting from raw materials which are available in technical-grade quality, to prepare sodium dicyanamide in good yields of 75 to 95% and very high purities of up to 100% in a very environmentally friendly manner, for which reason this process is particularly highly suitable for the industrial scale.

Abstract: Compounds according to the following formula (I): wherein the variables Q and R1 to R6 are as described herein, which reversibly inhibit the cysteine proteases, such as cathepsins K, S, F, L and B; pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and method of treating diseases and pathological conditions exacerbated by these cysteine proteases such as, but not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases, osteoporosis, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis and endometriosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel imidamide derivatives of the formula (I) in which R, R1, R2 and R3 are each as defined in the description, to a process for their preparation and to their use for controlling animal pests, such as insects, arachnids and, in particular, nematodes.

Abstract: Certain compounds have been synthesized and found to be effective inhibitors of phospholipase A.sub.2 (PLA.sub.2), and thereby useful in the treatment of intestinal cholesterol absorption and the disease states arising therefrom, such as hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease.

Abstract: A family of aza-ether based compounds including linear, multi-branched and aza-crown ethers is provided. When added to non-aqueous battery electrolytes, the family of aza-ether based compounds acts as neutral receptors to complex the anion moiety of the electrolyte salt thereby increasing the conductivity and the transference number of Li.sup.+ ion in alkali metal batteries.

Abstract: Catalysts whose active material contains, in addition to from 20 to 85% by weight, calculated as ZrO.sub.2, of oxygen-containing zirconium compounds, from 1 to 30% by weight, calculated as CuO, of oxygen-containing compounds of copper and from 1 to 40% by weight each, calculated as CoO or NiO, respectively, of oxygen-containing compounds of cobalt and of nickel are used for the amination of alcohols under hydrogenating conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of cyanamide from urea and/or decomposition products thereof at an elevated temperature with the use of a microporous catalyst, wherein, as catalyst, there is used a zeolite and/or a silicoalumophosphate which is doped with transition metal cations selected from the Group IB and VIIB of the Periodic System. In this way, it is possible to increase the conversion, referred to urea, to 60 to 100%, the selectivity with regard to cyanamide thereby being from about 30 to 50% and with regard to the undesired melamine being .ltoreq.2%.

Abstract: An improved method of preparing 1,6-di(N.sup.3 -cyano-N.sup.1 -guanidino) hexane from alkali dicyanamide and a hexamethylene diammonium salt in alcoholic solution or suspension. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a limited amount of water and of a catalytic amount of a base, preferably a tertiary amine. The pH of the reaction mixture at the start of the reaction is 8 to 10. After the reaction is over, the reaction mixture is compounded with water at a temperature above 80.degree. C. and the coarse product which crystallizes out is separated from the liquid phase.Preferably, sodium dicyanamide and hexamethylene diamine dihydrochloride, preferably formed in situ from aqueous 1,6-diaminohexane and aqueous hydrochloric acid, are reacted at pH 9-9.5 in n-butanol in the presence of 0.1 to 20% by wt. water in relation to the solvent including water.1,6-di(N.sup.3 -cyano-N.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-cyanoethanimidic acid esters by reacting orthoacetic acid esters with cyanamide. The reaction is carried out in alcoholic solution in the presence of an acid catalyst. N-cyanoethanimidic acid esters can be prepared in this manner in a high yield and high state of purity, with a low technical outlay and in an environmentally safe manner, free of dangerous by-products.

Abstract: Acylated cyanamide compounds useful for ethanol deterrence of the formula RCONHCN, wherein R is a lipophilic acyl group or is derived from an (N-substituted)-alpha-aminoacyl group.

Abstract: Acylated cyanamide compounds useful for ethanol deterrence of the formula RCONHCN, wherein R is a lipophilic acyl group or is derived from an (N-substituted)-alpha-aminoacyl group.

Abstract: The process for the reaction of bicyclic amide acetals with reactive protic compounds of the general Formula ##STR1## wherein Y represents a member selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## R.sup.1 represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 represents a member selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkylene ether group having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, an arylene ether group having from 6 to 50 carbon atoms such as ethyl carbamate to form novel products which are useful as curing agents, blowing agents and monomers is disclosed.

Abstract: N-Cyanocarboxylic acid amide derivatives which contain two or three ##STR1## groupings in the molecule are useful as hardeners for epoxide resins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a cephalosporin derivative of the formula I: ##STR1## in which X is a sulphur or oxygen atom or a sulphinyl radical, R.sup.1 is any one of the C-3 substituents from antibacterially-active cephalosporins known in the art, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a 1-6C alkyl or 2-6C alkenyl radical, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or one of a variety of radicals defined in the specification, and the pharmaceutically-acceptable acid- and base-addition salts thereof, characterized by reaction of a compound of the formula IX: ##STR2## in which R.sup.16 and R.sup.17 individually have one of the values given above for R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, or a derivative thereof in which the carbonyl group is masked, with a compound of the formula X: ##STR3## in which R.sup.18 is a hydrogen atom or any one of the cephalosporin 3-carboxylic acid protecting groups known in the art; whereafter, when R.sup.18 is other than a hydrogen atom, the protecting group R.sup.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of cyanamide or a cyanamide-containing gas mixture by passing urea and/or urea decomposition products over a catalyst at a temperature in the range of between about 200.degree. C. and 600.degree. C. A porous catalyst is utilized which has an intracrystalline pore diameter of at most 8 A, whereby a high conversion to cyanamide is obtained and the formation of melamine by-products is substantially reduced.

Abstract: N-Cyanocarboxlic acid amide derivatives which contain two or three ##STR1## groupings in the molecule are obtained by reacting 1 mol of a dicyanodiamine with 2 mols of a carboxylic acid anhydride or 1 mol of a dicyandiamine salt with 2 mols of a carboxylic acid halide or 1 mol of a dihalogeno compound with 2 mols of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt, or by reacting 1 mol of a carboxylic acid dichloride or trichloride with 2 or, respectively, 3 mols of a cyanamide or 1 mol of a carboxylic acid dicyandiamide or tricyantriamide salt with 2 or 3 mols of an alkylating agent.The N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide derivatives according to the invention are useful hardeners for epoxide resins.

Abstract: The present invention is for a process for the preparation of alkali metal salts of acyl cyanamides, especially those of aliphatic carboxylic acids by reacting carboxylic acid esters of lower alcohols with monoalkali metal cyanamides. The reaction results in a process which is simple and efficient and one which can be used in commercial scale batch or continuous operations.

Abstract: Homogeneous storage stable solutions of cyanamide in a polyol are made by dehydrating a mixture of an aqueous cyanamide solution and at least one polyol under mild conditions. The aqueous cyanamide solution contains from 10 to 55 wt % cyanamide. The polyol may have a molecular weight of from 62 to 12,000. Polyether and/or polyester polyols having molecular weights from 400 to 12,000 are preferred. Mixtures of high and low molecular weight polyols which are not completely miscible with each other are also preferred. The dehydration is generally carried out at pressures less than 100 mbar and temperatures less than 130.degree. C. The product solution has a cyanamide content of from 0.1 to 50 wt % and a residual water content which is generally no greater than 1 wt %. These homogeneous and storage stable cyanamide in polyol solutions are particularly useful in the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: N-substituted N-cyanocarboxylic acid amides are prepared by reacting 1 mol of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt with 1 mol of an alkyl halide or an alkylating agent, for example dimethyl sulfate or diethyl sulfate, in a polar aprotic solvent.The N-substituted N-cyanocarboxylic acid amides which can be obtained by the process according to the invention are useful curing agents for epoxide resins.

Abstract: Stable oil-in-water emulsions containing more than 60% by weight of non-aqueous phase may be prepared using water-soluble salts of monoacyl cyanamides, of which the acyl radical contains from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, as emulsifiers. The monoacyl cyanamides of C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 fatty acids are preferably used in the form of their sodium salts. The oil-in-water emulsions preferably contain from 70 to 95% by weight of non-aqueous phase and from 0.1 to 3% by weight of emulsifier.

Abstract: N-Cyanoacylamide compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl and R.sub.3 is alkylene or arylenealkylene, are prepared by reacting 1 mol of an N-cyanocarboxylic acid amide salt with 1 mol of a halogen compound in a polar, aprotic solvent.The N-cyanoacylamide compounds of the formula I can be used for hardening epoxide resins, for the preparation of isomelamine or for the preparation of linear polymers which can be crosslinked by heat.

Abstract: 2-Haloethylamides are prepared by reaction of 2-oxazolidinone or C.sub.1-6 alkyl or phenyl derivatives thereof with an acid halide.

Abstract: Novel cyanoguanidine derivatives, and acid addition salts thereof useful as medicines which have pharmacological actions such as anti-secretory effect, local anesthesia action and the like; and process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Propenimidates are provided having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X and Y are independently O or S; andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, (CH.sub.2).sub.n OR.sup.3 where R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and n is 1 or 2, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl, or CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3, provided that when R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl or CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3, then the respective X or Y is 0.Preferred propenimidates have X and Y as O and R' and R.sup.2 as methyl or ethyl.The propenimidates are made by preparing a monohydrohalide salt from a dihydrohalide salt of the formula: ##STR2## and then contacting the monohydrohalide salt with cyanamide. The propenimidates upon heating ring close to pyrimidines which are useful in preparing herbicidal compounds.

Abstract: Propenimidates are provided having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X and Y are independently O or S; andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, (CH.sub.2).sub.n OR.sup.3 where R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and n is 1 or 2, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl, or CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3, provided that when R or R.sup.2 is CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl or CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3, then the respective X or Y is O.Preferred propenimidates have X and Y as O and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 as methyl or ethyl.The propenimidates are made by preparing a monohydrohalide salt from a dihydrohalide salt of the formula: ##STR2## and then contacting the monohydrohalide salt with cyanamide. The propenimidates upon heating ring close to pyrimidines which are useful in preparing herbicidal compounds.

Abstract: Certain N-cyanoimidates are prepared by (a) contacting a propendimidate dihydrohalide salt with two equivalents of a base to produce a bisimidate; (b) contacting the bisimidate with cyanogen chloride to produce a mixture of N-cyanoimidate and a monohydrohalide bisimidate salt; (c) isolating the N-cyanoimidate. The N-cyanoimidate may, by heating, be converted to a pyrimidine, useful as a herbicide intermediate.

Abstract: N-Cyano-azomethines, useful as intermediates for the production of antihistamines are described. They are produced by reaction of ##STR1## where R.sub.3 is a thiomethyl group, an alkylamino group or N-1-amino-.omega.-alkylthiomethyl group, with primary or secondary alkyl- or hydroxyalkyl-amines or with ethylenimine.

Abstract: Propenimidates are provided having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X and Y are independently O or S; andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, (CH.sub.2).sub.n OR.sup.3 where R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and n is 1 or 2, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl, or CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3, provided that when R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl or CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3, then the respective X or Y is O.Preferred propenimidates have X and Y as O and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 as methyl or ethyl.The propenimidates are made by preparing a monohydrohalide salt from a dihydrohalide salt of the formula: ##STR2## and then contacting the monohydrohalide salt with cyanamide. The propenimidates upon heating ring close to pyrimidines which are useful in preparing herbicidal compounds.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of commonly used fertilizers which also contain dicyandiamide, in an amount to provide at least 10% by weight of dicyandiamide nitrogen, are effective nitrification inhibitors and have an improved capacity to dissolve micronutrients to form solutions of improved micronutrient stability.

Abstract: Energetic diols of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is --H, --NO, --NO.sub.2, --CN, or --CH.sub.2 COOH, and diesters of the formula ##STR2## wherein R is --H, --NO, --NO.sub.2, --CN, --CH.sub.2 COOCH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 COOCH.sub.2 C(NO.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3, or --CH.sub.2 COOCH.sub.2 C(NO.sub.2).sub.3 and R' is an alkyl, fluoroalkyl, chloroalkyl, aryl, fluoroaryl, chloroalkyl, aralkyl, fluoroaralkyl, chloroaralkyl, or alkene group.