Of Plural Cyanos Patents (Class 564/491)
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Patent number: 5105015Abstract: An improved process for selectively forming noncyclic, aliphatic polyamines from the corresponding aliphatic polynitriles by reacting the polynitrile with hydrogen at low temperature under a pressure of from 50 to 5,000 psi in a fixed bed reactor while continuously contacting the reactants with granular chromium and nickel promoted Raney.RTM. cobalt packed therein.Type: GrantFiled: June 4, 1991Date of Patent: April 14, 1992Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventors: You-Jyh Lin, Stephen R. Schmidt, Ramin Abhari
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Patent number: 5097072Abstract: Polyamines are prepared via the batchwise hydrogenation of polynitriles by the gradual addition of the polynitrile into a fed-batch reactor which contains chromium promoted Raney.RTM. cobalt catalyst. The hydrogenation optionally is conducted in the presence of anhydrous ammonia. The polyamine product having amino groups which corresponds to the nitrile of the polynitrile is economically obtained in high selectivity and yield as the dominant product.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1991Date of Patent: March 17, 1992Assignee: W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventors: Gerald J. O'Neill, Albert H. Levesque
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Patent number: 5081305Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the separation of acrylonitrile used in the cyanoethylation of glycols to produce a bis(cyanoethylated) aliphatic glycol from the resulting glycol which is then reduced with hydrogen to produce the corresponding bis(aminopropoxy) alkane. In this process, acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile is reacted with an aliphatic glycol in stoichiometric excess and the acrylonitrile removed from the cyanoethylated glycol by reaction with aliphatic primary or secondary alcohol prior to effecting the hydrogenation of the cyanoethylated aliphatic glycol in the presence of the acrylonitrile-amine reaction product. The reaction product then can be separated by conventional techniques such as distillation.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 1988Date of Patent: January 14, 1992Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Richard V. C. Carr, Steven M. Galaton, Thomas A. Johnson, Thomas A. Albanese
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Patent number: 5075507Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the separation of acrylonitrile used in the cyanoethylation of glycols to produce a bis(cyanoethylated) aliphatic glycol from the resulting glycol which is then reduced with hydrogen to produce the corresponding bis(aminopropyl) aliphatic glycol. In this process, acrylonitrile is reacted with an aliphatic glycol in stoichiometric excess and the acrylonitrile removed from the cyanoethylated glycol by reaction with aliphatic primary or secondary amine prior to effecting the hydrogenation of the cyanoethylated aliphatic glycol in the presence of the acrylonitrile-amine reaction product. The reaction product then can be separated by conventional techniques such as distillation.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1988Date of Patent: December 24, 1991Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Richard V. C. Carr, Thomas A. Johnson, Steven M. Galaton, Thomas A. Albanese
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Patent number: 5019653Abstract: Disclosed is a method for purification of polyamines which comprises contacting said polyamines with a treating agent selected from the group consisting of oxides, hydroxides or alkoxides of elements from the group consisting of silicon or Group IIA, IIIA, IIB, IIIB, IVB or VB at a temperature of about 150.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. and a pressure of subatomspheric to 10 atmospheres for a period of time sufficient to lower the hydroxyl impurity level of said amines.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1990Date of Patent: May 28, 1991Assignee: Texaco Chemical CompanyInventors: George P. Speranza, Donald H. Champion
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Patent number: 4990672Abstract: This invention relates to propylene-linked polyethylene polyamines and a process for preparing such propylene-linked polyethylene polyamines. These propylene-linked polyethylene polyamines are characterized as having high molecular weight and the amine value is distributed over a wide range of primary, secondary, and tertiary amine functionality.The propylene-linked polyethylene polyamines are prepared by reacting a polyamine containing an ethylene amine functionality with acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile to form a cyanoethylated polyamine containing the ethylene linkage and then reductively alkylating the resulting cyanoethylated derivative in the presence of a polyamine containing an ethylene linkage. Typically, a polyethylene polyamine such as diethylenetriamine or triethylene tetramine is reacted with acrylonitrile and then hydrogenated under reductive alkylation conditions.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 1989Date of Patent: February 5, 1991Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Thomas A. Johnson, Ismail O. Abdalmuhdi
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Patent number: 4987263Abstract: 2-Methylpentanediamine is prepared by selectively liquid-phase hydrogenating a minimum concentration 2-methylglutaronitrile, initially nonammoniacal basic reaction medium in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a Raney nickel-based catalyst, at a temperature of from 40.degree. to 150.degree. C., at a total pressure of less than 40 bars, and said reaction medium containing not more than 10% by weight of water.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1988Date of Patent: January 22, 1991Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventor: Georges Cordier
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Patent number: 4967006Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the coproduction of propanediamines and alkylated aminopropanediamines. The process contemplates an initial cyanoethylation of ammonia under conditions for producing aminopropionitrile and modest levels of iminobispropionitrile. After separation of the iminobispropionitrile from the aminopropionitrile, the process involves the catalytic reductive alkylation of the iminobispropionitrile by reaction with an aldehyde in the presence of hydrogen to form the alkylated iminobispropionitrile followed by the catalytic hydrogenation of the nitrile group in aminopropionnitrile and iminobispropionitrile to the amine.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1989Date of Patent: October 30, 1990Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventor: Richard V. C. Carr
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Patent number: 4885391Abstract: A process for the hydrogenation of C.sub.4 to C.sub.12 nitriles using a Raney cobalt catalyst promoted with chromium in which the catalyst activity is maintained by the addition of water. The process is particularly attractive to produce diamines by the hydrogenation of dinitriles.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 1988Date of Patent: December 5, 1989Assignee: E. I. Du Pont De Nemours and CompanyInventor: Frank E. Herkes
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Patent number: 4845297Abstract: Process for producing polyamines by a catalytic reduction reaction of a cyanoethylated N-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine and cyanoethylated compounds of polyamines containing 4 or more amino groups in the molecule.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1987Date of Patent: July 4, 1989Assignee: Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Sadakatsu Kumoi, Keiji Mitarai, Yukihiro Tsutsumi
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Patent number: 4739120Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for the catalytic hydrogenation of an organic nitrile group containing compound to a primary aminomethyl group in the presence of a rhodium catalyst, a basic substance, and in a two-phase solvent system comprising an immiscible organic solvent and water.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 1986Date of Patent: April 19, 1988Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Marie F. Zuckerman
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Patent number: 4721811Abstract: An improved process for selectively forming aliphatic polyamines from aliphatic polynitriles having 2 to 3 atoms between cyano groups by reacting aliphatic polynitrile, with hydrogen in the presence of a primary or secondary amine, through a fixed bed reactor while continuously contacting the reactants with granular Raney cobalt packed therein.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1985Date of Patent: January 26, 1988Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.Inventors: Martin B. Sherwin, Shu-Chieh P. Wang, Stewart R. Montgomery
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Patent number: 4705889Abstract: Aminosuccinic acid derivatives corresponding to the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms which may be branched and/or interupted by one or more oxygen atoms;n represents the number 2 or 3; andK represents hyrogen or a cation;a process for their preparation and their use.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 1986Date of Patent: November 10, 1987Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Udo W. Hendricks, Adolf Schmidt
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Patent number: 4601859Abstract: A dinitrile is hydrogenated to an omega-aminonitrile with hydrogen with a supported highly dispersed rhodium catalyst and only ammonia present. The catalyst is prepared by hydrolyzing a rhodium(III) halide or nitrate with strong aqueous base at elevated temperatures, drying the supported rhodium hydroxide at elevated temperatures and intimately contacting with hydrogen the dried product with hydrogen at 260.degree.-360.degree. C. High conversions, selectivity to aminonitrile and long catalyst service times and catalyst recyclability are achieved in the absence of an aprotic solvent.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1984Date of Patent: July 22, 1986Assignee: Allied CorporationInventors: James E. Galle, Frank Mares, Steven E. Diamond, Jeffrey Corsi, Francis J. Regina
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Patent number: 4505861Abstract: Novel azadinitriles and a method for their hydrogenation to produce spermidine, homospermidine and norspermidine.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1982Date of Patent: March 19, 1985Assignee: University of FloridaInventor: Raymond J. Bergeron, Jr.
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Patent number: 4503249Abstract: Iron (II) hexacyanocobaltate and ruthenium (III) hexacyanocobaltate have been found to be useful in the catalytic hydrogenation of organic materials.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 1982Date of Patent: March 5, 1985Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Gerhard P. Nowack, Marvin M. Johnson, Donald C. Tabler
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Patent number: 4491673Abstract: This invention provides for the separation of the contents of the process discharge stream of reaction in which an amine is produced from a nitrile. An inorganic base having a concentration greater than 40 weight percent is introduced into the process discharge stream which is decanted, purged, flashed, and a portion thereof recycled.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1982Date of Patent: January 1, 1985Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Charles E. Cutchens, Marion J. Mathews, III, Mark S. Sowell, III
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Patent number: 4429159Abstract: In the production of amines from nitriles where the nitriles are hydrogenated under pressure in the presence of a Raney Nickel Catalyst using hydrogen produced from methane and containing CO.sub.2, a more efficient separation of the product hexamethylene diamine from the catalyst is obtained by maintaining a specified carbonate concentration. This specific carbonate concentration improves the settling characteristics of the catalyst and reduces catalyst carryover into the crude hexamethylene diamine during decantation.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1983Date of Patent: January 31, 1984Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Charles E. Cutchens, Lynn H. Lanier
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Patent number: 4395573Abstract: In the production of hexamethylenediamine from adiponitrile an inorganic base is used to facilitate separation of Raney nickel catalyst and crude hexamethylenediamine.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1981Date of Patent: July 26, 1983Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: Charles E. Cutchens, Marion J. Mathews, III, Mark S. Sowell, III
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Patent number: 4375003Abstract: An improved process for preparing primary amines from an aliphatic nitrile and hydrogen utilizing a Raney cobalt catalyst which contains from about 2 to 35 weight percent of aluminum on a 100 weight percent total weight basis. Preferably, this catalyst is prepared under low temperature conditions from a cobalt-aluminum alloy. The process can be practiced continuously for extended periods of time at high reaction rates and high conversion yields even when employing concentrated nitrile starting feeds.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 1979Date of Patent: February 22, 1983Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: Ronald J. Allain, Gerald D. Smith
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Patent number: 4352921Abstract: Aminoalkoxyhexane compounds are provided having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 are independently selected from H and ##STR2## wherein R.sub.6 is selected from H and a lower alkyl group having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1981Date of Patent: October 5, 1982Assignee: Milliken Research CorporationInventors: Edward W. Kluger, Calvin D. Welch
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Patent number: 4352919Abstract: Aminoalkoxypentaerythritol compounds are provided having the following formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently selected from H and ##STR2## where R.sub.4 is selected from H and a lower alkyl group having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1981Date of Patent: October 5, 1982Assignee: Milliken Research CorporationInventors: Edward W. Kluger, Calvin D. Welch
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Patent number: 4331557Abstract: A ruthenium-containing catalyst is regenerated after use for an organic chemical treatment, e.g., hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, isomerization, disproportionation, hydrocracking, etc., at an elevated temperature and at a considerably reduced pressure of the order of about 600 mm Hg and much lower of the order of about 0.001 mm Hg.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1980Date of Patent: May 25, 1982Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4322315Abstract: A used ruthenium hydrogenation catalyst is regenerated by contact with carbon tetrachloride at a temperature in the approximate range of from about 0.degree. to about 200.degree. C. The carbon tetrachloride can be in liquid, gaseous or partly gaseous state.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1980Date of Patent: March 30, 1982Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4313005Abstract: This invention relates to a process for reducing amidine formation during reduction of organonitriles. The process comprises including a boron compound in the reaction medium in sufficient amount to complex the amidine compound as it is formed.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1980Date of Patent: January 26, 1982Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Michael E. Ford, Randall J. Daughenbaugh
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Patent number: 4313004Abstract: A method for preparing a diaminoalkoxy compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein m and n are both numbers from 0 to about 25 and m+n equals at least 1, R.sub.1 is selected from H and a lower alkyl group having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and R.sub.2 is selected from H and an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; which comprises incrementally introducing a dicyanoglycol compound of the formula: ##STR2## wherein m, n, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have the values indicated above into a reaction medium at a rate sufficient to minimize cleavage reactions, at a temperature of from about 90.degree. C. to about 160.degree. C. in the presence of hydrogen at a pressure of from about 800 psi to about 2200 psi; ammonia in an amount of from about 10 to about 40 weight percent based on the weight of dicyanoglycol compound; and a nickel catalyst in an amount sufficient to catalyze said reaction, whereby said dicyanoglycol compound is reduced to said diaminoalkoxy compound.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1981Date of Patent: January 26, 1982Assignee: Milliken Research CorporationInventors: Edward W. Kluger, Andre M. Goineau
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Patent number: 4311859Abstract: Unsaturated dinitriles are hydrogenated to saturated diamines using a rhodium catalyst on a silica support having a surface area larger than 275 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume of from about 1.0 to 1.5 mL/g and an average pore size of from about 100 to about 175 A. The supported rhodium catalyst is prepared by a method which includes the steps of contacting a silica support having the characteristics described above with a solution or dispersion of rhodium or a reducible compound of rhodium, and then subjecting the impregnated silica support to vacuum treatment.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1980Date of Patent: January 19, 1982Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Timothy P. Murtha, Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4302604Abstract: In a process for hydrogenating an olefinically unsaturated dinitrile in which the reactants in a solvent are passed through a ruthenium on alumina catalyst, the improvement which comprises operating at a reduced pressure during the early contact with the catalyst and slowly increasing the pressure over an extended interval of time to normal operating pressure. This startup procedure greatly increases the run length (life) of the catalyst bed.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1980Date of Patent: November 24, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Stanley J. Marwil
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Patent number: 4288626Abstract: A process for prolonging the activity of catalysts during the hydrogenation of unsaturated dinitriles comprising pretreating the dinitrile feed with a crystalline zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1980Date of Patent: September 8, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4288625Abstract: Unsaturated dinitriles are reacted with an aromatic compound such as benzene in the presence of a Lewis acid such as aluminum chloride to yield novel aralkylenedinitriles, such as 5-methyl-5-phenylnonanedinitrile and isomers thereof. The aralkylenedinitriles can be reduced to novel aralkylenediamines or novel cycloalkylalkylenediamines. Polymerization of the aralkylenediamines or cycloalkylalkylenediamines with polycarboxylic acids provides novel polyamides of tough, clear, colorless character.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1976Date of Patent: September 8, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Co.Inventors: Charles A. Drake, Stanley D. Turk
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Patent number: 4279621Abstract: Hydrocarbon-containing materials having a low amount of unsaturation e.g., paraffinic and napththenic hydrocarbons having less than about 10 weight percent unsaturation are stabilized or made more resistant to oxidation employing a polyamines mixture obtained as a heavy by-product residue from the recovery by distillation of a polyamine obtained in the hydrogenation of branched aliphatic dinitriles. In one embodiment an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon obtained by alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin is rendered resistant to oxidation.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1978Date of Patent: July 21, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Robert E. Reusser
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Patent number: 4279834Abstract: New dinitriles are prepared by reacting an alpha, beta saturated nitrile with an alpha, beta unsaturated nitrile. For this preparation subzero temperatures are preferred. Higher diamines can be prepared by hydrogenating the dinitriles thus obtained, such diamines being reacted with a dicarboxylic acid or a salt, ester or chloride of such an acid to prepare polyamides having an amorphous character, i.e. transparent polyamides.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 1980Date of Patent: July 21, 1981Assignee: Anic S.p.A.Inventors: Aldo Prevedello, Maurizio Brunelli, Edoardo Platone
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Patent number: 4275237Abstract: Heavy reaction product after separation as by distillation of light reaction product or diadduct from a reaction mixture obtained by reaction of olefinically unsaturated nitriles with monoolefinic hydrocarbons containing an allylic hydrogen atom is hydrogenated to produce a polyamine mixture useful as an epoxy resin hardener yielding cured resins exhibiting low water absorption.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 1979Date of Patent: June 23, 1981Assignee: Philips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Charles A. Drake, Ralph P. Williams
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Patent number: 4271323Abstract: Process for hydrogenating unsaturated compounds in the liquid phase in the presence of a soluble catalyst obtained by reacting an organometal derivative or a metal hydride with a synergistic mixture of (a) a compound of zinc, zirconium, manganese, molybdenum, or iron and (b) a nickel or cobalt compound.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1975Date of Patent: June 2, 1981Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Daniel Durand, Gerard Hillion, Christian Lassau, Lucien Sajus
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Patent number: 4263228Abstract: An olefinically unsaturated dinitrile of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' are alkylene or alkylidene radicals and Z is an alkyl radical which is converted to the corresponding saturated dinitrile in the presence of hydrogen, a palladium catalyst and at least one alkanol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. The saturated dinitrile is then converted to the corresponding diamine in the presence of hydrogen, a secondary amine formation suppressant, a ruthenium catalyst and at least one diluent selected from the group consisting of tertiary alkanols having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, saturated hydrocarbons having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, and ethers having 4 to 12 carbon atoms. The at least one alkanol is substantially completely separated from the saturated dinitrile before the saturated dinitrile is converted to the corresponding diamine to avoid N-alkylation reactions which may occur if the at least one alkanol is present when the saturated dinitrile is converted to the corresponding diamine.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1979Date of Patent: April 21, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Howard B. Irvin
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Patent number: 4261927Abstract: Olefinically unsaturated compounds are hydrogenated in the presence of a palladium or ruthenium catalyst and a promoter selected from the group consisting of chromium nitrate, barium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate.Type: GrantFiled: July 15, 1976Date of Patent: April 14, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4259262Abstract: The catalytic hydrogenation of an unsaturated dinitrile reactant of the formula ##STR1## wherein each R is an alkylene or an alkylidene radical, and each R' is an alkyl radical, is carried out in the presence of ammonia, hydrogen, a suitable diluent and a catalyst selected from elemental ruthenium, a ruthenium compound which is reducible by hydrogen to elemental ruthenium and mixtures thereof on a granular catalyst support.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1979Date of Patent: March 31, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4254059Abstract: A novel process is described for the homogeneous hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines utilizing anionic Group VIII metal hydride compositions as catalysts which contain phosphorus, arsenic or antimony organoligands. Use of these anionic catalysts allows the high yield hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines to be conducted under mild conditions of temperature and pressure with high selectivity and eliminates the need for the presence of ammonia to suppress the formation of significant amounts of secondary and tertiary amines.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1979Date of Patent: March 3, 1981Assignee: Allied Chemical CorporationInventors: Roger A. Grey, Guido P. Pez
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Patent number: 4248799Abstract: Branched-chain aliphatic dinitriles are catalytically hydrogenated to yield branched-chain aliphatic diamines. This catalytic hydrogenation is conducted in the presence of Raney cobalt or Raney nickel, optionally promoted with Group VIB metals or reducible Group VIB metal compounds, and further in the presence of low levels of ammonia and water.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1978Date of Patent: February 3, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4243610Abstract: Cobalt and gold in a ruthenium hydrogenation catalyst markedly increases the yield of product. A method for hydrogenating branched-chain olefinically unsaturated aliphatic dinitrile employing a ruthenium-cobalt-gold catalyst to produce saturated diamines is set forth.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1979Date of Patent: January 6, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Charles A. Drake, Timothy P. Murtha
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Patent number: 4235808Abstract: The lifetime and activity of catalysts for the hydrogenation of unsaturated dinitriles are increased by contacting the unsaturated dinitriles with chi-alumina prior to hydrogenation. This process additionally reduces the level of olefin unsaturation in the hydrogenation product below the level of olefin unsaturation of similarly hydrogenated unsaturated dinitriles which have not been contacted with chi-alumina prior to hydrogenation.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1978Date of Patent: November 25, 1980Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 4235821Abstract: In the process of hydrogenating aliphatic nitriles to primary amines whereby the nitrile is hydrogenated in a solvent system containing added ammonia using a cobalt or ruthenium catalyst, the improvement of employing an ether as solvent and carrying out the hydrogenation in the presence of water in an amount of from about 5% to about 15% by volume of the ether solvent whereby the rate of reaction is increased, and selectivity to primary amine products is increased.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1979Date of Patent: November 25, 1980Assignee: Suntech, Inc.Inventors: Walter A. Butte, Jr., William J. Murtaugh, Richard E. Mitchell