Abstract: Compounds of formula I: ##STR1## wherein the dotted carbon-carbon bond in the D-ring is C--C or C.dbd.C; C(R,R) is CH.sub.2 or C.dbd.CH.sub.2,R.sup.1 is H, F or OH,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently C.sub.1-4 -alkyl or CF.sub.3, or together with the carbon to which they are bound form C.sub.3-6 -cycloalkyl.are useful in the treatment of vitamin D dependent disorders, such as psoriasis, leukemia; acne and seborrhoic dermatitis; osteoporosis hyperparathyroidism accompanying renal failure; and multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: This invention describes a new methylation or ethylation agent containing trimethyl aluminum or dimethyl zinc or triethyl aluminum as methyl or ethyl source, which additionally contains catalytic amounts of one or more copper(I) and/or copper(II) compounds as well as a process for the 1,4-addition of a methyl or ethyl group to an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated or an .alpha.,.beta.-double unsaturated ketone or an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehyde using the agent according to the invention.By using only catalytic amounts of copper and a CKW (chlorinatedhydrocarbon)-free reaction medium, the new methylation/ethylation agent/process is distinguished by its environmental compatibility and it is, for example, suitable for the production of initial products for the synthesis of biologically effective compounds.

Abstract: Described are cyclohexanone derivatives of the formula (I), a method of preparing them and intermediates used in their preparation.

Abstract: Described are 1(4'-methylpentyl)-4-substituted ethylcyclohexane derivatives defined according to the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are the same or different hydrogen or methyl; wherein the dashed line represents a carbon carbon single bond or a carbon carbon double bond; wherein the wavy line represents a carbon carbon single bond or a carbon carbon double bond; with the proviso that when the wavy line is a carbon carbon single bond then the dashed line is a carbon carbon single bond; wherein Y represents a moiety selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein H represents hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 acyl; and wherein R.sub.1 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl with the additional proviso that when Y is the moiety: ##STR3## then the dashed line is a carbon carbon single bond, and uses thereof in augmenting, enhancing or imparting aromas in or to perfume compositions, perfumed articles and colognes.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone by catalytic hydrogenation of isophorone, wherein the hydrogenation is carried out in a plurality of two or more series-connected loops, wherein each loop involves the use of one reactor, which comprises:(a) feeding isophorone and hydrogen to an upper part of a reactor to catalytically hydrogenate said isophorone to produce a hydrogenation product,(b) recycling a portion of said hydrogenation product back into said upper part of said reactor,(c) feeding the remainder of said hydrogenation product from said reactor to an upper part of a subsequent reactor wherein isophorone is catalytically hydrogenated to produce a subsequent hydrogenation product, and wherein a portion of said subsequent hydrogenation product has been recycled and is fed with said remainder of said hydrogenation product to said upper part of said subsequent reactor,(d) repeating step (c) until the subsequent reactor is the last reactor,(e) recovering the remainder of said subseque

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compositions comprising ene and free radical adducts of unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons, and acyclic and cyclic vicinal polycarbonyl compounds such as diethyl ketomalonate and indantrione. The adducts are reacted with nucleophiles such as amines, electrophiles such as anhydrides and esters, and metal ions. Post-products are obtained via reaction of said products with capping reagents such as boric acid. Compositions containing said adducts, products and post-products include oleaginous substances such as fuels and lube oils.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of .alpha.-hydroxyketoalkyl derivatives as light protection filters for cosmetic or pharmaceutical products, the .alpha.-hydroxyketoalkyl group being linked, if appropriate via a spacer, to a chromophoric group which has an absorption maximum in a wavelength range of between 280 and 400 nm and has a conjugated .pi.-electron system of at least 8 .pi.-electrons, and to new .alpha.-hydroxyalkyl derivatives, processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations comprising these derivatives as light protection substances.

Abstract: The invention is drawn to a compound having the following formula ##STR1## in which X.sup.1 and X.sup.2, which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen or a hydroxy-protecting group, X.sup.4 is hydrogen, A is selected from --COOAlkyl and CH.sub.2 OH, and B is a hydroxy group, or A and B, when taken together, represent an oxo group. These compounds are useful as intermediates in the production of 19-nor vitamin D derivatives.

Abstract: Liquid highly active photoinitiators are obtained by dissolving a solid photoinitiator of the titanocene type in liquid photoinitiators of the acetal or ketal type. The liquid mixtures have a long dark storage stability.

Abstract: The magnesium complexes of cyclic hydrocarbons containing conjugated dienes, such as 1,2-dimethylenecycloalkanes, and 1,3-butadienes, are readily prepared in high yields using highly reactive magnesium. Reactions of these (2-butene-1,4 diyl)magnesium reagents with electrophiles such as dibromoalkanes, alkylditosylates, alkylditriflates, bromoalkylnitriles, esters, or amides serve as a convenient method for synthesizing carbocyclic systems. Significantly, carbocycles prepared by this method contain functional groups such as the exocyclic double bond or a keto group in one of the rings which could be used for further elaboration of these molecules. Furthermore, fused bicyclic systems containing a substituted five-membered ring can be conveniently prepared at high temperatures by the reactions of (2-butene-1,4-diyl)magnesium complexes with carboxylic esters or acid halides whereas low temperatures lead to regioselective synthesis of .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated ketones. Additionally, .gamma.

Abstract: Thioalkane .alpha.,.beta.-diketones have interesting organoleptic properties and are therefore suitable as aroma substances.

Abstract: Cyclohexanetriol derivatives represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different, and each denotes a hydrogen atom or a protecting group of a hydroxyl group,X denotes an oxygen atom, .dbd.CHCH.sub.2 OR.sup.4, .dbd.CHCHO or .dbd.CHCO.sub.2 R.sup.5, Y denotes a hydrogen atom and Z denotes --OR.sup.6, or Y and Z together form a single bond; or X and Z together form .dbd.NO--, .dbd.CHCH(OR.sup.7)O-- or .dbd.CHCO.sub.2 -- and Y is a hydrogen atom, R.sup.4 and R.sup.6 denote a hydrogen atom or a protecting group of a hydroxyl group respectively, R.sup.5 denotes a lower alkyl group, and R.sup.7 denotes a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group.Said derivatives are useful as synthetic intermediates of 1-hydroxyvitamin D derivatives.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula ##STR1## having a double bond in one of the positions indicated by the dotted lines. Compounds (I) are useful as perfuming ingredients for the preparation of perfuming compositions and perfuming articles, to which they impart sandalwood-animal notes.

Abstract: .beta.-hydroxyketones are prepared by reacting an aldehyde with acetone in the presence of perhydroisoindole or pyrrolidine and water. The resulting .beta.-hydroxyketone is further reacted in the presence of a solvent mixture to produce .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated ketones.

Abstract: Accordingly, novel carbonyl containing compositions are prepared by contacting, in the presence of a free radical initiator, a compound selected from the group consisting of saturated hydrocarbons, substituted saturated hydrocarbons, polymers and mixtures thereof with a carbonyl containing compound or mixtures thereof having the structures: ##STR1## wherein Q.dbd.HOH, MeOH, EtOH, or n-BuOH; n.dbd.0,1,>; and X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, C.dbd.O; W is independently selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, C.dbd.O, O, NH, CMe.sub.2, C.dbd.N-alkyl and N-alkyl, wherein alkyl is 1 to 18 carbons; U and V are independently selected from the same groups as W and dependently selected so that U and V taken together are one of 1,2-phenylene, 1,8-naphthalene-diyl, and 1,2-naphthalene-diyl.

Abstract: An optically active (S)- or (R)-pentane compound of the general formula (11): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.11, R.sub.12 and R.sub.13 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.14 represents a hydroxy, protected hydroxy or oxo group, if R.sub.14 is an oxo group, the ring denoting benzene in the above formula (11) is benzoquinone, R.sub.15 represents a hydrogen atom, hydroxy or acyloxy group, R.sub.16 represents a hydroxy or acyloxy group, and the chiral central carbon marked with a symbol * in said formula (11) alternatively has one of an R-configuration and an S-configuration, is disclosed. Further, intermediate products of the compound of the formula (11) are also disclosed. Still further, a process for manufacturing the above compounds is disclosed. The compound of the formula (11) is easily synthesized from an easily available optically active starting material.

Abstract: Ethers of 1-hydroxy-hex-5-en-2-one are useful odoriferous substances which have a very complex fragrance pattern and allow an interesting variation in the scent of perfume oils.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of cyclohexanedione derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl with 0-4 olefinically unsaturated bonds, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylthioalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -bicycloalkyl with 0-3 olefinically unsaturated bonds, unsubstituted or substituted aryl or hetaryl, or a heterocyclic radical of 4 to 7 atoms of which not more than 3 may be hetero-atoms chosen from O, S and N, the radical being saturated or olefinically unsaturated, by reacting an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketone (II) with a dialkyl malonate in the presence of a base to give the alkoxycarbonylcyclohexenolone or its salt (III) ##STR2## and acylation, hydrolysis and decarboxylation of (III), wherein the .alpha.,.beta.

Abstract: This invention relates to substituted bicycloheptadione derivatives with high herbicidal activity which are represented by general formula (I) ##STR1## (where R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl group, a phenyl group which may be substituted, an aralkyl group which may be substituted, or a heterocyclic group which may be substituted;R.sup.2 is, same or different, a halogen, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, or an alkoxylcarbonyl group, and n is 0 to 4;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, same or different, hydrogen or a lower alkyl group).

Abstract: A process for separating cyclohexanol and other impurities from a mixture containing cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol is disclosed.

Abstract: A fluorine-substituted compound containing an ether bond and an intermediate thereof are described, which are represented by: ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; n represents an integer of 2 to 7; m represents 1 or 2, X represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and ##STR2## represents a trans-(equatorial-equatorial)cyclohexane ring. A compound represented by formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; n represents an integer of 2 to 7; m represents 1 or 2, ##STR4## represents a trans-(equatorial-equatorial)cyclohexane ring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the alpha,omega-arylation/alkylation of a non-conjugated diene in one step by reacting the diene with an aryl iodide or an aryl bromide and a carbon nucleophile in the presence of an amount of a Pd(O) complex effective to catalyze the reaction.

Abstract: Conjugated diene compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## which are industrially advantageous intermediates for preparing sarcophytol A useful as an anticarcinogenic promotor or antitumor agent are provided.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of cyclohexanedione derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 -cycloalkyl with 0-4 olefinically unsaturated bonds, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylthioalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -bicycloalkyl with 0-3 olefinically unsaturated bonds, unsubstituted or substituted aryl or hetaryl, or a heterocyclic radical of 4 to 7 atoms of which not more than 3 may be hetero-atoms chosen from O, S and N, the radical being saturated or olefinically unsaturated, by reacting an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ketone (II) with a dialkyl malonate in the presence of a base to give the alkoxycarbonylcyclohexenolone or its salt (III) ##STR2## and acylation, hydrolysis and decarboxylation of (III), wherein the .alpha.,.beta.

Abstract: Novel compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein the dotted lines indicate the location of a single or double bond, symbol R.sup.1 stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical, symbol R.sup.2 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, provided that R.sup.1 is not hydrogen when R.sup.2 represents a methyl or n-propyl radical and the ring is saturated. Compounds (Ia) are useful as perfuming ingredients.A process for their preparation is disclosed.

Abstract: A compound of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated, linear or branched, alkyl radical, having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 designates a lower alkyl radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched;or any mixture containing a predominant amount of said compound (I), together with its isomer of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined as above. Compounds (I) and their mixtures mentioned above develop odor notes of the woody-amber type and are therefore used as perfuming ingredients for the preparation of perfuming compositions and perfumed articles.A process for the preparation of compounds (I) and their mixtures is disclosed.

Abstract: Small amounts of a medium-boiling fraction are removed from a liquid mixture by distillation using a distillation column (main column) having a rectifying part and a stripping part, the liquid mixture containing relatively large amounts of lower-boiling and higher-boiling components, and the rectifying part being connected to the upper end of a second distillation column (side column) and the stripping part to the lower end of the said column, and the medium-boiling fraction being removed in vapor or liquid form from its middle section, by a process in which the concentration of the medium-boiling fraction in the liquid mixture is less than 2%, preferably less than 0.1%, and the amount of vapor passed into the lower end of the side column from the main column is 1-20%, preferably 3-10%, based on the amount of vapor in the main column at the relevant point.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which Y is halogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl optionally substituted by halogen or C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, alkenyl optionally substituted by halogen, aryl, heteroaryl or alkoxycarbonyl,X is hydrogen, halogen or optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, orX and Y, together with the adjacent C atom, form a saturated cycloalkphatic ring having up to 6 C atoms, andR is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, comprising reacting an aldehyde of the formula ##STR2## with 2-methylbutan-3-one of the formula ##STR3## in the presence of a hydrohalic acid thereby to form a 4,4-dimethyl-3-halogeno-1-hexen-5-one of the formula ##STR4## in which Hal is halogen, halogenating said compound to produce a compound of the formula ##STR5## and reacting said compound with a base of the formulaR--OM (VI)in whichM is one equivalent of an alkali or alkaline earth metal ion.Compounds IV and V are new. By suitable conditions the trans isomer is selectively produced.

Abstract: This invention relates to several intermediates useful in preparing thromboxane A.sub.2 inhibiting (.+-.)7-[3.alpha.-[1-[[(phenylamino)-thioxomethyl]hydrazono]ethyl]-1.alpha ., 4.alpha.-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2.beta.-yl]-heptenoic acids and useful derivatives thereof from (.+-.)octahydro-1.alpha.-methyl-3a.alpha., 7a.alpha.-4.alpha.,7.alpha.-methano-2H-inden-2-ones.

Abstract: A cycloalkane derivative represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, Z, and n are as defined in the specification. The compounds of formula (I) exhibit activities against peptic ulcers and are useful as therapeutic and prophylactic agents for peptic ulcers.

Abstract: A therapeutic and prophylactic agent for peptic ulcers comprising as an effective ingredient a cyclohexane derivative represented by general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A represents a group shown by formula, >CH.sub.2, ##STR2## wherein X represents ethynylene, vinylene or ethylene, Y represents oxo or a hydroxy group; R.sup.1, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl; R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl or a group shown by --OR.sup.8 ;R.sup.6 represents a hydrogen atom, oxo or a group shown by --OR.sup.8 ; and R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom or a group shown by --OR.sup.8, wherein R.sup.8 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic residue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted cyclohexanol compounds possessing a sandalwood aroma which are useful as fragrance materials. The invention also provides methods for synthesis thereof through a novel aldehyde intermediate. The compounds of the invention have the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is ##STR2## and wherein R.sub.1 is methyl or ethyl, R.sub.2 -R.sub.7 are independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that a maximum of two of the substituents R.sub.2 -R.sub.7 are methyl, and R.sub.8 is hydrogen, lower alkyl (C.sub.1 to C.sub.5) or acyl. The invention also provides fragrance compositions which utilize the compounds of the invention to impart a sandalwood aroma to perfume compositions, colognes and perfumed articles.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carbonyl compounds by catalyzed isomerization of allyl alcohols in a tertiary phosphine or phosphite ester in the presence of a rhodium compound at a temperature of from 80.degree. C. to 180.degree. C., a carrier gas being passed through the reaction mixture and the carbonyl compound being separated from the emergent gas mixture by cooling.

Abstract: Agents for regulating plant growth containing an effective amount of at least one cyclohexanone derivative of the formula I ##STR1## where A, X, n, Y, Z and R have the meanings given in the disclosure, or salts of these compounds, and a process for regulating plant growth.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 2,2,6,6-tetrahalocyclohexanimine derivative (I) which comprises reacting a 2,2,6,6-tetrahalocyclohexanone with a primary amine or ammonia in the presence of a Lewis acid, a process for preparing a 2,6-dihaloaniline derivative (II) which comprises subjecting the 2,2,6,6-tetrahalocyclohexaneimine derivative (I) to dehydrohalogenation in the presence or absence of a catalyst, and an N-phenyl-2,2,6,6-tetrahalocyclohexaneimine. According to the process of the present invention, the 2,2,6,6-tetrahalocyclohexaneimine derivative (I) can be prepared from inexpensive starting materials in high yield through a few steps. Also, the 2,6-dihaloaniline derivative (II) can be prepared from inexpensive starting materials in high yield and high purity through a few steps. Further, the N-phenyl-2,2,6,6-tetrahalocyclohexaneimine is very useful in the preparation of N-phenyl-2,6-dihaloaniline.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel inosose compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are both halogen; X.sup.1 is hydrogen and X.sup.2 is halogen; or X.sup.1 is --SQ.sup.1 and X.sup.2 is --SQ.sup.2 (each of Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 is lower alkyl or Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 may form lower alkylene), R.sup.1 is a protective group for hydroxyl and Y is .dbd.O, .dbd.N--Z (Z is hydroxyl which may be protected) or ##STR2## (A is hydrogen or an amine residue), particularly to the compound wherein the symbol Y is oxygen.The inosose compound is useful as intermediates for production of valiolamine and the N-substituted derivatives thereof, which have potent .alpha.-glucosidase inhibiting activities and are useful as preventives or therapeutics for symptoms of hyperglycemia and various diseases derived therefrom in human and animals, such as diabetes, obesity and hyperlipemia.

Abstract: Vinylglyoxal derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl, cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, are prepared by a process in which bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-enecarbaldehyde of the formula V ##STR2## is either (a) subjected to autocondensation with formation of a compound of the formula VII ##STR3## or (b) reacted with a compound of the general formula IIR-CH.dbd.O (II)where R has the above meanings, with formation of a mixture of the compounds of the general formulae VIII (a) and (b) ##STR4## where R is as defined above, in the presence of a catalyst, and the compound of the formula VII or the compounds of the formulae VIII (a) and (b) is or are oxidized to the corresponding dicarbonyl compounds, after which gas-phase pyrolysis is carried out at from 500.degree. to 700.degree. C. and under reduced pressure, in particular less than 10.sup.-1 mbar, and, if desired, the resulting compound of the general formula I is further purified.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a 1,1-disubstituted ethylene derivative of the formula ##STR1## which comprises reacting lead with a carbinol derivative of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, X, Y, m and n are defined in the specification. The reaction is conducted more advantageously in the presence of a metal having higher ionization tendency than lead.

Abstract: Multimethyl cyclohexene or cyclohexane derivatives having woody, spicy, amber or violet odors are disclosed. The derivatives can be formulated into perfurmes, talcs, lotions, cremes and air fresheners.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of perfluoroalkylated ketones and/or perfluoroalkylated alcohols, comprising the step of contacting a perfluoroalkyl iodide or perfluoroalkyl bromide with an acid anhydride, in the presence of a metal chosen from zinc and cadmium.

Abstract: A method of controlling undesirable vegetation utilizing an herbicidal compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X NR.sup.9 wherein R.sup.9 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy;R is halogen; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkoxy; trifluoromethoxy; difluoromethoxy; nitro; cyano; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 haloalkyl; R.sup.a SO.sub.n -- wherein n is 0 or 2 and R.sup.a is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethyl;R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene;R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are not both phenyl or substituted phenyl;R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.6 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl;R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: Novel Isoprene Derivatives which have mucosa-protective and gastric acid secretion-inhibiting properties and are useful for combatting ulcers both by treating and as a prophylaxis against gastric and/or duodenal ulcers.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, cyclopropyl, phenyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkoxyalkyl, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, tetrahydropyran-2-yl, benzoyl or unsubstituted or halo-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkanoyl, and R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, and phytophysiologically tolerable salts thereof, and their use for regulating plant growth.

Abstract: Fluoro-substituted carbocyclic compounds are prepared by(A) reacting hydrogen fluoride with a chloro-cyclohexenyl compound of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of --H, --CH.sub.2 OH, --COF, --COCl, --CF.sub.3, --CN, ##STR2## and --CH.sub.2 R, where R is --H or alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms, to form a gem-dihalocyclohexane compound of the formula ##STR3## where X is chlorine and R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Described are 2-alkanoyl-2-(1-penten-1-yl) cyclohexanones of my invention defined according to the structure: ##STR1## wherein R represents methyl or ethyl; a process for preparing same and organoleptic uses thereof in augmenting or enhancing the aroma of perfume compositions, colognes and perfumed articles including but not limited to solid or liquid anionic, cationic, nonionic or zwitterionic detergents, perfumed polymers, fabric softener compositions and fabric softener articles. Also described are intermediates useful in carrying out the process for producing such 2-alkanoyl-2-(1-penten-1-yl) cyclohexanones of my invention defined according to the structure: ##STR2## wherein R represents methyl or ethyl.

Abstract: 1-Isopropyl-3-methyl-2-(but-2'-enoyl)cyclohexane derivatives having the general formula ##STR1## in which the dotted lines represent no double bond, one double bond at position 4 or two double bonds at positions 1 and 5, 2 and 4 or 4 and 6 are valuable fragrances with fruity flowery and green odors, in some cases accompanied by woody and/or herbal notes. Above defined compounds can be used as a perfume component in perfume compositions or in products to be perfumed.

Abstract: New tetra-alkyl-2,2,5,5-cyclohexanone-4-ol-1-compounds and their sulphonyl derivatives with the general formula: ##STR1## in which: each of R and R', identical or different, represents an alkyl radical (1-5 carbons) and R" represents a hydrogen atom or a radical SO.sub.2 R"' in which R"' represents an alkyl radical (1-5 carbons) or an aryl radical (6-14 carbons), the process and the intermediates for their preparation, as well as their use in the synthesis of cyclopropane lactones of cis structure.

Abstract: Cyclohexenone derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is --CHO or --CH(OR.sup.3).sub.2, R.sup.2 is alkyl or alkoxyalkyl, each of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or cyclopropyl, and R.sup.3 is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and salts thereof, processes for their manufacture, and their use as agents for regulating plant growth.

Abstract: Chloro-olefins which contain a group of the formula ##STR1## where Y is chlorine or hydrogen, which are prepared by a process in which a trichloromethyl compound which contains a group of the general formula ##STR2## where X is hydrogen or an organic radical, is reduced with a chromium(II) salt in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A 4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X represents a hydrogen or halogen atom, A represents a hydrogen atom and B represents a hydroxyl group, or A and B are bonded to each other to represent a bond, R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a protective group for a hydroxyl group, provided that R.sup.2 is not a 2-octenyl, 8-acetoxy-2-octenyl or 2,5-octadienyl group. The compounds of formula (I) in which A is hydrogen and B is hydroxyl group are prepared by subjecting a 5-unsubstituted cyclopentenone and an aldehyde to aldol condensation reaction. The compounds of formula (I) in which A and B form a bond is prepared by subjecting the compounds of the formula (I) in which A is hydrogen and B is hydroxyl group to dehydration.