Abstract: In the process for making glyoxal by catalytic oxidation of ethylene glycol in contact with catalyst comprising copper, glyoxal yield is improved and catalyst life is improved by the presence of a small amount of iodine or organic iodide in the reactant feed mixture.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing 2-propyn-1-ol by decomposing 2-butyn-1,4-diol in the presence of a copper acetylide catalyst. 2-propyn-1-ol is produced at high conversion, yield, and purity.

Abstract: Bifunctional compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may furthermore be hydrogen, R.sup.2 is furthermore alkoxy and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxy, and a double bond may be present between carbon atoms 2 and 3, are prepared by converting a tetraalkoxyalkane or a dialkoxyalkanoate of the formulae ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 have the above meanings, in the presence of a catalyst, such as a zeolite, in particular one of the pentasil type, and/or a phosphate and/or phosphoric acid on a carrier.

Abstract: Alkylenebisphenols and alkyltrisphenols are dearylated under mild conditions of temperature and pressure in the absence of HF to obtain alkyl and/or alkenyl substitute or phenols and other related polymer products.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for making a E,Z-11-tetradecen-1-al containing from 80 to 83 mole percent of the E isomer and from 17 to 20 mole percent of the Z isomer which exhibits pheromone-like activity for the spruce bud worm (choristoneura fumiferana).

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of 2-alkyl-1,4-butanedial by hydroformylation of acetals of a 2-alkyl-substituted-1-propenal in the presence of a complex rhodium catalyst. The 3-alkyl-4,4-dialkoxybutanal obtained in this manner is separated and hydrolyzed to the desired compound.

Abstract: A process for preparing pure fluoral hydrate or hexafluoroacetone hydrate which comprises reacting a hemiacetal with the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or CF.sub.3, with water in a distillation column, removing respectively the methanol or ethanol produced at the head of the column, and recovering at the bottom of the column the pure hydrate so produced.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carboxylic acids, alcohols, aldehydes or the secondary products thereof which comprises reacting an alcohol having from one to about twenty carbon atoms with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a heterogeneous sulfided catalyst comprising cobalt in admixture with a co-catalyst selected from the elements of Groups V-B, VI-B and the Actinide series of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carboxylic acids, alcohols, aldehydes or the secondary products thereof which comprises reacting an alcohol having from one to about twenty carbon atoms with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a heterogeneous sulfided catalyst comprising nickel in admixture with a co-catalyst selected from the elements of Groups V-B, VI-B and the Actinide series of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: This invention deals with the use of a perfluorocarbon polymer oxidation catalyst consisting of a perfluorocarbon main chain and a side chain constructed from structural units of chromium (III) difluoromethylene sulfonate or cerium (IV) difluoromethylene sulfonate in a method of preparing a carbonyl compound through an oxidation of an alcohol.

Abstract: Dehydrating decomposition of compound (I), i.e. gem-diol, hemi-acetal or hemi-ketal, by contact with sulfuric acid gives a carbonyl compound (II). ##STR1## Disclosed is a two-stage process in which the first stage is the contact of compound (I) with sulfuric acid at 90.degree.-140.degree. C. so as to partly decompose and dehydrate the compound (I), permitting the concentration of sulfuric acid to become lower than 93 wt. % but not lower than 65 wt. %, and the second stage is the contact of the product of the first-stage reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid at a temperature not higher than 60.degree. C., preventing the concentration of sulfuric acid from becoming lower than 93 wt %. For example, hexafluoroacetone is obtained from a hydrate thereof by this process using only a small amount of sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes by reacting a 1,4-diacyloxyalk-2-ene, which is substituted in the 2-position by an aliphatic radical, with water in the presence of an acid, and of 2,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal.

Abstract: A storage stable composition of glutaraldehyde acetals and an organic acidic catalyst, which can be converted to glutaraldehyde at the site and upon demand, by the addition of water.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of (Z,Z)-11-13-hexadecadienal is disclosed, starting with undecylenic alcohol.

Abstract: Acetaldehyde is produced by reacting acetic anhydride with hydrogen in the presence of a supported Group VIII noble metal catalyst wherein the reaction is carried out in the liquid phase.

Abstract: A method is disclosed to purify crude phenol containing acetol and alpha-methyl styrene prior to hydrogenation to cyclohexanone comprisingcontacting the crude phenol with a catalyst whileheating the crude phenol and catalyst to a temperature between about 140.degree. C. and 190.degree. C.at a pressure between about atmospheric and about 70 psigin an inert atmosphereso that the catalyst causes a reaction between the impurities acetol and alpha-methyl styrene to form cumene and pyruvic aldehyde, thenheating the resultant compounds for a period of 0.1 to about 6 hours under an inert gas sweep at a temperature of from about 150.degree. C. to about 190.degree. C. until the pyruvic aldehyde has decomposed and its decomposition products are swept away in the gas sweep.

Abstract: Acetaldehyde is produced by reacting acetic anhydride with hydrogen in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst wherein the reaction is carried out in the liquid phase but the reaction is maintained under boiling conditions and the entire reaction effluent is in vapor form.

Abstract: Citral (I) ##STR1## is prepared by heating an acetal (IIa) or (IIb) ##STR2## in the presence of an acid catalyst while continuously distilling from the reaction mixture the 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol (III, prenol) eliminated during the reaction.

Abstract: Synthesis and intermediates for making an insect pheromone useful in the control of the yellow scale.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of both known and novel fragrances and flavors, and in particular to the preparation and use of the novel fragrance compound, 2,6-nonadiene nitrile, and to a novel method for the preparation of 4-heptynal as the starting product for the preparation of the 2,6-nonadiene nitrile fragrance compound.

Abstract: The specification discloses a novel process for the preparation of 11-tetradecenal and novel intermediates therefor. There is also disclosed processes for the intermediates. The novel intermediates include 1,1-dialkoxy-9-halo-nonane and 1,1-dialkoxy-11-tetradecene. There is further disclosed a process for preparing a mixture of cis- and trans-11-tetradecenal at the molecular ratio of approximately 1-cis-form to 9 trans-form, by reacting a Grignard reagent of 1,1-dialkoxy-9-halo-nonane with a mixture (approximately 60:40) of 1-chloro-2-pentene and 3-chloro-1-pentene and thereafter hydrolyzing thus formed 1,1-dialkoxy-11-tetradecene. 11-Tetradecenal is useful as a sex pheromone against the female eastern spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana). The 9:1 ratio of trans/cis isomers is believed to be the most effective ratio to use against the budworms.

Abstract: An unsaturated carbonyl compound, for example, one expressed by the following formula, ##STR1## is prepared by maintaining at an elevated temperature a novel allyl acetal of a .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated aldehyde, for example, one expressed by the following formula ##STR2## The allyl acetal can be derived, for example, for 3-methyl-3-butenal-1 having 5 carbon atoms and prenyl alcohol having 5 carbon atoms. Thus, the unsaturated aldehyde having the increased number of carbon atoms can be formed in a high yield by a relatively simple reaction.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of substituted oxyacetaldehydes and acetals thereof according to the reaction sequence: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each lower alkyl or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, taken together form a lower alkylene group; wherein R.sub.3 is alkyl, alkenyl or alkadienyl and X is halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine and bromine, the reaction (i) being carried out (1) using a "phase transfer agent" and (2) in a two phase system.