Abstract: This invention pertains to perfluoropolyethers and perhalogenated chlorofluoropolyethers that can be prepared by fluorinating addition polymers made by polymerizing epoxides.

Abstract: A process for preparing carboxylates of polyoxyalkylene siloxanes and -amines, alkylpolyoxyalkylenes, polyoxyalkylene block polymers, alkylamidepolyoxyalkylenes and alkylpolyglucosides comprising subjecting a primary hydroxyl group-containing polyoxyalkylene compound or alkylpolyglucoside to mild oxidiation. The invention also relates to the novel polyoxyalkylene amine and alkylamidepolyoxyalkylene carboxylates prepared by the process.

Abstract: A synthesis of 1.alpha.-hydroxy-19-nor-vitamin D compounds comprises (a) the construction of a 5,8-diol-6-yne intermediate by joining ring-A and ring-C/D portions of the desired end product via the condensation of an acetylenic derivative containing the C/D-ring portion of the desired end product with a cyclic dihydroxy ketone representing the A-ring of the desired end product; (b) the partial reduction of the 6,7 acetylenic triple bond linkage between the A and C/D ring portions to obtain a 5,8-diol-6-ene intermediate; and (c) the reductive removal of the 5,8-oxygen functions to generate the required 5,7-diene end product from which the desired 7-trans(7E)-isomer is purified directly, or after optional double bond isomerization of the 7-cis(7Z)-isomer employing a novel thiophenol-promoted isomerization step.

Abstract: Propenyl ether monomers of formula VA(OCH.dbd.CHCH.sub.3).sub.nwherein n is an integer from one to six and A is selected from cyclic ethers, polyether and alkanes are disclosed. The monomers are readily polymerized in the presence of cationic photoinitiators, when exposed to actinic radiation, to form poly(propenyl ethers) that are useful for coatings, sealants, varnishes and adhesives. Compositions for preparing polymeric coatings comprising the compounds of formula V together with particular cationic photoinitiators are also disclosed, as are processes for making the monomers from allyl halides and readily available alcohols. The process involves rearranging the resulting allyl ethers to propenyl ethers.

Abstract: A formaldehyde scavenger composition consisting of a water-soluble compound of the formula, wherein ##STR1## --R and R' are the identical or different and are methyl or ##STR2## where m=1-3 and n=1-19, --Y is CH2 or --CH2--CO--CH2 and M and N are hydrogen or lower alkyl.

Abstract: The demands on the properties of pigments, in particular in the areas of emulsion paints and printing inks, which are continuously becoming more specific made it necessary to develop selective and environmentally safe dispersing and emulsifying agents and coupling auxiliaries.The compounds according to the invention are alkoxylation products prepared from fatty amine dialkylenediamines which, if desired, are linked to give recurring structural units by means of esterification with dicarboxylic acids and in which, preferably, the hydroxyl end groups of these fatty amine alkylenediamine alkoxylates have been esterified with fatty acids, aromatic carboxylic acids and/or resin acids and any hydroxyl groups still present have been converted to the corresponding mono-ester-containing anionic radicals by means of dicarboxylic acids and sulfites.

Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene glycols are prepared by a process in which tetrahydrofuran is polymerized with a total of not more than 95 mol %, based on the amount of tetrahydrofuran used, of one or more comonomers from the group consisting of the cyclic ethers and acetals in the absence of water and in the presence of a monohydric alcohol or of a monocarboxylic acid with the aid of an anhydrous heteropoly acid catalyst, and the polyoxyalkylene glycol is liberated from the resulting polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers or polyoxyalkylene glycol monoesters by cleavage of the monoether or monoester bond.

Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers of monohydric alcohols are prepared by a process in which tetrahydrofuran or a mixture of tetrahydrofuran with a total of not more than 95 mol %, based on the amount of tetrahydrofuran used, of one or more comonomers from the group consisting of the cyclic ethers and acetals is polymerised in the absence of water and in the presence of a monohydric alcohol and of an anhydrous heteropoly acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel potassium channel agonists which are useful in activating the calcium activated Maxi-K potassium channel in mammalian neuronal and smooth muscle tissue. The claimed compounds are of the general formula: ##STR1## In addition, a novel microbiological process for producing the claimed compounds is described.

Abstract: A fuel additive composition comprising:(a) a poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ether having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel-soluble salt thereof; where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or lower alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, aralkyl or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms, or an acyl group of the formula: ##STR2## where R.sub.6 is alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, or aralkyl or alkaryl having 7 to 36 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 5 to 100; and x is an integer from 0 to 10; and(b) a poly(oxyalkylene) amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and a sufficient number of oxyalkylene units to render the poly(oxyalkylene) amine soluble in hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel fuel range.

Abstract: This invention is directed to allyl polyalkylene ethers and to a solid matrix having incorporated therein the allyl polyalkylene ethers. The solid matrix is used in an electrolytic cell.

Abstract: The present invention has an object of producing a polyoxyalkylene compound by ring-opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide to a certain specific highly hydrophobic initiator. The present invention provides a process for producing a polyoxyalkylene compound, characterized in that the polyoxyalkylene compound is produced by ring-opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide, in the presence of a plural metal cyanide complex catalyst, with an initiator selected from an organopolysiloxane compound having an active hydrogen-containing functional group to which an alkylene oxide is reactive, and a fluorine-containing compound having such an active hydrogen-containing functional group and a fluorinated hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: The invention relates to new peroxide perfluoropolyethers having formula: ##STR1## wherein: A and B are end groups,X represents a (R'O).sub.m R" group where R' is selected from the class consisting of --CF.sub.2 --, --CF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 -- and ##STR2## and R" is a perfluoroalkyl group; the value of "m" ranging from 0 to 6. The invention relates also to processes for preparing said perfluoropolyethers and other classes of non peroxide perfluoropolyethers derived therefrom.

Abstract: A process for preparing ethers which comprises contacting a carboxylated ether with a metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to produce the ether.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the manufacture of alkali metal salt complexes of the formula (M.sub.x X.nL).sub.y, where M is an alkali metal, e.g. lithium, X is an anion, e.g. halide or thiocyanate, L is an organic electron-donating ligand (Lewis base), x is the valency of the anion X, n is usually 1,2 or 4 and y is an integer, by the in situ reaction of an alkali metal or an alkali metal hydride or alkyl, for example lithium, lithium hydride or butyl lithium, and an anhydrous ammonium salt comprising the anion X, e.g. an anhydrous ammonium halide, the reaction being performed in solution in an anhydrous solvent in the presence of the ligand (L).

Abstract: Trifluorovinyl ethers containing selected functional groups, and homo- and copolymers prepared from them, are disclosed, as well as intermediates useful in the preparation of the ethers.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for the preparation of polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, and polyurea diols which contain essentially all primary hydroxyl groups without capping by ethylene oxide. The method comprises coupling an alkylene oxide adduct of propylene glycol t-butyl ether or butylene glycol t-butyl ether or its aminated derivative with organic diisocyanates or dibasic acids followed by cleavage of the t-butyl group with an acid catalyst.The resulting diol is useful in many types of urethane applications including foams, elastomers and coatings.

Abstract: New polyethers based on tetrahydrofuran, with good lubricant properties. The invention concerns polyethers produced by copolymerizing tetrahydrofuran and glycidyl ether in the presence of alkanols. The new polyethers are useful as lubricants.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a polyether polyol of reduced scorching properties comprising buffering of the alkaline polyether polyol before heating to remove water, and the use of said polyether polyol to prepare flexible foam slabstocks.

Abstract: Describes alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated poly(alkyleneoxy) compounds that display surfactant activity and that polymerize when used in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including vinyl monomers. Certain of the polymer products are useful in imparting improved hand or feel to textile fabrics.

Abstract: Oil-in-water emulsions (microemulsions) containing 0.01-80% by weight of at least one agrochemical active substance of low water-solubility, one active substance for combating pests in the domestic and hygiene sector and/or one pharmacologically active substance, 1% to 30% by weight of an emulsifier mixture of non, ionic and anionic compounds and at least one alkylarylsulfonic acid salt, as defined in the description, as well as water and, if appropriate, 1% to 30% by weight of at least one solvent of low water-miscibility and/or one solubilizer, and if appropriate 0.05% to 15% by weight of additives, the sum of the components in each case being 100% by weight, a process for the preparation of these aqueous microemulsions and their use.

Abstract: Highly viscous adducts of 1,2-butylene oxide with secondary or primary alcohols are prepared in the presence of an alkali as a catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to new peroxide perfluoropolyethers having formula: ##STR1## wherein: A and B are end groups,X represents a (R'O).sub.m R" group where R' is selected from the class consisting of ##STR2## and R" is a perfluoroalkyl group; the value of "m" ranging from 0 to 6. The invention relates also to processes for preparing said perfluoropolyethers and other classes of non peroxide perfluoropolyethers derived therefrom.

Abstract: Alkoxylates of active hydrogen compounds having a peaked molecular weight distribution are prepared by reacting the active hydrogen compound with an alkylene oxide of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms using iron oxides as alkoxylation catalysts.

Abstract: What is provided herein are radiation curable compositions containing(a) multifunctional vinyl ether monomers having the formula:X--R.sub.1 --Y.sub.1 --R.sub.2 --Y.sub.2).sub.n CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 ].sub.mwhereX is a 5-8 membered ring, saturated or unsaturated;R.sub.1 is a direct bond or C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 straight or branched chain alkylene;Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are independently oxygen or sulfur;R.sub.2 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 straight or branched chain alkylene;n is 0-10; andm is 3-5;(b) a cationic initiator, and, optionally,(c) a polymerizable vinyl ether, epoxide, or acrylate oligomer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the alkoxylation of an active hydrogen-containing compound comprising contacting the active hydrogen-containing compound with an alkylene carbonate in the presence of a mixed metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to alkoxylate the active hydrogen-containing compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to balanced liquid hydrophobic/hydrophilic liquid formulations comprising:(a) between about 10 and about 90% by weight of a block polymer having the formula ##STR1## or mixtures thereof; (b) between about 10 and about 90% by weight of trimethylol propane initiated polyalkylene oxide having the formula ##STR2## optionally in admixture with polypropylene glycol having the formula ##STR3## (c) between about 10 and about 90% by weight of an alcohol alkoxylate having the formula to provide a 100% composition and(d) between about 0.1 and about 10% by weight hydrophobic silica based on components (a)+(b)+(c). The invention also pertains to the use of the above mixture in foamed liquids or liquid susceptible to foaming.

Abstract: Thickening agents for aqueous systems are prepared by reacting aliphatic alcohols containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms with an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide mixture, then reacting the resulting polyether with 5 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide, and reacting the resulting alkoxylation product with a diepoxide, with 0.5 to 3 moles of alkoxylation product being used in the combination reaction per mole of diepoxide. The thickening agents may be blended with low molecular weight alcohol ethoxylates, and are especially suitable for hydraulic fluids.

Abstract: A method of breaking down perfluoropolyethers into lower molecular weight fragments by pyrolysis is disclosed. The perfluoropolyethers are pyrolyzed generally at above about 350.degree. C. Volatile lower molecular weight components are condensed and collected. Various molecular weight fractions and collected. Various molecular weight fractions can be obtained by taking appropriate distillation cuts.

Abstract: There is described and claimed a polyol-polyether having a high content of ethylene oxide and low viscosity, greatly suitable for use in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foam.The polyol-polyether of this invention is of high quality and low cost, as well as having low viscosity, thus expediting handling in foaming machines.

Abstract: A process for preparing an etherified polyoxyalkylene derivative of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are identical or different and are each independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aryl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 alkyl aryl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 cycloalkyl, and mixtures thereof, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical or different and independent of each other are H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2, and mixtures thereof, m, m' and n are identical or different and are each greater than or equal to zero, with the proviso that m+m'+n is from 3 to 300; by reacting a polyoxyalkylene compound of the formula.

Abstract: A catalytic process for polymerizing epoxides using active hydrogen initiators forming polyols having low unsaturation levels and high primary hydroxyl levels. The catalysts useful in this process are prepared from catalyst precursors exemplified by hydrotalcite. This process is more reactive with less acidic active hydrogen initiators. The polyols can be used in urethanes without removal of the catalyst.

Abstract: Novel perfluoropolyethers, such as perfluorodipentaerythritol hexaethyl ether, and their intermediates exhibit excellent chemical and thermal stability and are useful as vapor phase soldering fluids and convection cooling liquids.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of calcium sulfate as a catalyst in the preparation of alkoxylation products, i.e., condensation reaction products of alkylene oxides and organic compounds having at least one active hydrogen, that have beneficial, narrow molecular weight ranges.

Abstract: This invention relates to an aqueous gel comprising a specified capped polyether polymer and a surfactant. Preferred capped polyether polymers can be obtained by modifying a conventional polyether polyol with an alpha-olefin epoxide having an average of about 20 to 45 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of capped polyoxyalkylene block polyethers with exceptionally low hydroxyl numbers and correspondingly high capping efficiency. This improvement is accomplished through the use of cesium hydroxide catalysis during oxyethylation.

Abstract: A method of breaking down perfluoropolyethers into lower molecular weight fragments by pyrolysis is disclosed. The perfluoropolyethers are pyrolyzed generally at above about 350.degree. C. Volatile lower molecular weight components are condensed and collected. Various molecular weight fractions can be obtained by taking appropriate distillation cuts.

Abstract: Narrow, balanced alkoxylation product mixture distributions having at least one alkoxylation product constituting more than 20 weight percent of the mixture can be provided by modified, calcium-containing catalysts. Catalysts for alkoxylation processes can be produced from lime and can, with modification, be used to make the narrow, balanced alkoxylation product mixture distribution.

Abstract: Hydroxyl terminated polyepichlorohydrin having a polydispersity of less than 1.2 and a molecular weight of at least 2000, and method of preparation using stannic chloride and strong carboxylic acid co-catalysts.

Abstract: Novel polyether intermediates having the general formula ##STR1## may be prepared by reaction of a fluoroalkene with a polyether of formula ##STR2## and may be fluorinated with elemental fluorine to yield novel perfluoropolyethers having the general formula ##STR3## In the above general formulae, the symbols R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 each represent the same or different substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon groups, the symbols R.sub.F.sup.1 to R.sub.F.sup.4 each represent the same or different fluorine-containing hydrocarbon groups with at least two carbon atoms and at least two fluorine atoms, or the combination R.sup.1 - R.sub.F.sup.1 and/or the combination R.sup.5 - R.sub.F.sup.4 represents a fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkenyl group, the symbols R.sup.6 to R.sup.14 each represents a fully fluorinated hydrocarbon group, x is an integer, each of y and z is zero or an integer, and the sum of x, y and z is from 2 to 100.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound usable for liquid crystal display devices are provided, which liquid crystalline compound is expressed by the formulaR.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --B.sup.1 --A.sup.2 --B.sup.2 --A.sup.3.sub.n (CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.dbd.CF.sub.2wherein R.sup.1 is H or 1-20C alkyl or alkenyl wherein one --CH.sub.2 --group or two --CH.sub.2 -- groups not adjacent to each other may be substituted by --O--; the position and number of the double bond may be optionally chosen; A.sup.1, A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 each are ##STR1## and the H of the ##STR2## may be substituted by F, Cl or methyl; B.sup.1 and B.sup.2 each are --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 -- or a single bond; n is 0 or 1; and m is 0-20.

Abstract: A halogen-containing polyether comprising repeating units of the formula:--(CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O).sub.2 --(CHClCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O).sub.b --(CCl.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O).sub.c --(CHFCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O).sub.d --(CFClCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O).sub.e --(CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O).sub.f --(I)wherein a, b, c, d, e and f are each an integer not less than 0 and satisfy the following equations:2.ltoreq.a+b+c+d+e+f.ltoreq.200and1.ltoreq.a+c+d+f,which may be prepared by ring-opening polymerizing 2,2,3,3-tetrafluorooxetane in the presence of an polymerization initiator to give a polyether comprising repeating units of the formula:--(CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O).sub.a -- (II)wherein a is the same as defined above, and optionally fluorinating and/or chlorinating the polyether (II).

Abstract: Improved mechanical dishwasher formulations are provided which are characterized by the use of a random copolyether foam control agent, and wherein the foam control agent imparts the desirable properties of cleaning and defoaming without the concurrent buildup of spots and films on the dishes. The foam control agent is a copolyether having a molecular weight of at least about 2000 and containing random propyleneoxy (and/or butyleneoxy) groups and ethyleneoxy groups. The amount of ethyleneoxy and propyleneoxy or butyleneoxy groups present in the copolyether is selected such that the cloud point of the foam control agent is equal to, or less than, the operating temperature of the mechanical dishwasher.

Abstract: Organic haloformate, e.g., chloroformate, compounds are converted to their corresponding halides, e.g., chlorides, by heating the haloformate, e.g., between 90.degree. C. and 150.degree. C., in the presence of a catalytic amount of an organic quaternary salt, e.g., quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts, for a time sufficient to convert the haloformate to the corresponding halide.

Abstract: This invention relates to an aqueous gel comprising a specified capped polyether polymer and a surfactant. Preferred capped polyether polymers can be obtained by modifying a conventional polyether polyol with an alpha-olefin epoxide having an average of about 20 to 45 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A perfluorosulphonic acid polymer suitable for use as a catalyst contains units of the formula:[(SO.sub.3).sub.w M(SO.sub.3 R).sub.z-w ] (I)whereinM is a multivalent metal cation,R is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 fluorinated alkyl group,z is the valency of M, andw is an integer having a value between 1 and z-1.Also use of a polymer of formula (I) wherein M is aluminum as a catalyst in the production of glycol ethers by the reaction of an alkylene oxide and an alcohol.

Abstract: A process for producing a phenoxycycloalkanol comprising reacting an aromatic alcohol with an (optionally substituted) C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalk-1,2-ylene oxide in the presence of an effective amount of a sodium-containing catalyst selected from the group consisting of sodium metal, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 sodium alkoxide, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 sodium aryloxide, C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 sodium alkaryloxide and sodium hydride at between about 170.degree. C. and about 225.degree. C.

Abstract: Narrow, balanced alkoxylation product mixture distributions having at least one alkoxylation product constituting more than 20 weight percent of the mixture can be provided by modified, calcium-containing catalysts. Catalysts for alkoxylation processes can be produced from lime and can, with modification, be used to make the narrow, balanced alkoxylation product mixture distribution.

Abstract: Synthetic lubricants comprising 15 to 45 weight percent of an ester of a monohydric alcohol of 4 to 18 carbon atoms with one or more aromatic or alkane dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms blended with 85 to 55 weight percent of one or more polyether polyols having a number average molecular weight from about 400 to 5000. The blends are compounded with antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and metal deactivators to produce a superior lubricant for reciprocating air compressors which gives a long life to the compressors.

Abstract: Synthetic lubricants comprising 15 to 45 weight percent of an ester of a monohydric alcohol of 4 to 18 carbon atoms with one or more aromatic or alkane dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms blended with 85 to 55 weight percent of one or more polyether polyols having a number average molecular weight from about 400 to 5000. The blends are compounded with antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and metal deactivators to produce a superior lubricant for reciprocating air compressors which gives a long life to the compressors.