Abstract: Flat continuous multifilament nylon apparel yarns suitable for critical dye applications and a process for making such yarns are provided. The process for making the yarns includes spinning nylon polymer with a relative viscosity between about 35 and about 80 and stabilizing to make a feed yarn. The withdrawal speed in spinning is sufficiently high that highly uniform feed yarns are provided. In the process, feed yarn is drawn and subsequently relaxed, preferably in the form of a warp of yarns, so that the resulting drawn yarns have properties suitable for use as flat yarns and have excellent dye uniformity with large molecule acid dyes.

Abstract: A fiber comprising a vinyl alcohol units-containing polymer, said polymer being modified at the oxygen atoms of its alcoholic hydroxyl groups with a group represented by the following formula I ##STR1## wherein M represents a chelate-forming metal atom and R represents an alkyl group. The fiber has excellent resistance to hot water and wet heat and does not stick, adhere or shrink even when dyed at high temperatures or treated by steam ironing, thus proving to be of markedly high commercial value.

Abstract: Fiber with unique elastic properties comprising copolymer, of ethylene and comonomer, having density in the range of about 0.86 to about 0.93 g/cm.sup.3, MWD in the range of about 2 to about 3.5, melt index in the range of about 4 to about 1000, and SDBI less than about 25.degree. C.

Abstract: Polyester fine filaments having excellent mechanical quality and uniformity, and preferably with a balance of good dyeability and shrinkage, are prepared by a simplified direct spin-orientation process by selection of polymer viscosity and spinning conditions.

Abstract: Drawing, especially cold-drawing, or hot-drawing or other heat-treatments of spin-oriented crystalline polyester filaments, and particularly polyester feed yarns, that have been prepared by spinning at speeds of, e.g., 4 kg/min, and have low shrinkage and no natural draw ratio in the conventional sense, provides useful technique for obtaining uniform drawn filaments of desired denier and thereby provides improved flexibility to obtain filaments and yarns of various denier. The resulting uniform filaments have useful properties that are improved in certain respects.

Abstract: Synthetic filaments having a trilobal or tetralobal cross-sectional shape with substantial convex curves, connected by cusps, along the contour of each lobe. The filaments are especially suitable for making carpets which exhibit low glitter, high bulk, and resistance to fibrillation.

Abstract: Incorporating a minor amount of a hydrogen bonding additive such as nylon 6 monomer or 2-methyl-pentamethylene adipamide monomer in a nylon 66 high RV polymer for making nylon 66 POY provides unexpected downstream advantages over homopolymer nylon 66 POY, especially in draw-texturing to make bulky yarns for use in hosiery.

Abstract: A glass matrix/ceramic fiber reinforcement composite is prepared from a yarn formed by spinning glass fiber and ceramic fibers lengths together, to form a bicomponent yarn. The yarn is weavable and spinnable, and accordingly may be prepared in fabric forms, or in windings, of predetermined shape. The precursor is melted by heating to the temperature of the melting point of glass, which fused the glass into a continuous matrix, surrounding the ceramic reinforcement.

Abstract: A process wherein freshly-spun, undrawn, nonconductive filaments are combined with one or more spin-oriented, conductive filaments having a nonconductive component made from a major portion of nonconductive, fiber-forming polymeric material and a minor amount of polystyrene, the combined fibers being drawn and co-bulked to produce an anti-static yarn. The conductive filaments used in this process have higher elongations to break, and carpets tufted from the yarns of the process show improved anti-static properties.

Abstract: A substantially polyester drawn filament yarn composed of at least 15 filaments having a core zone surrounded by a sheath zone, said filaments havinga. a linear density of at least decitex 70;b. a tenacity of 735-1,000 mN/tex;c. a specific 5%-LASE higher than 375 mN/tex;d. a hot air shrinkage measured at 160.degree. C. of 0.5-3.7%;e. an average relative viscosity of 1.700 to 2.200; andf. an elongation at rupture of 5 to 20 percent, and a cord, a shaped elastomeric object, a tire, a sewing yarn, a seat belt, and a tow rope composed of the yarn.

Abstract: A high strength and high initial modulus polyvinyl alcohol monofilament yarn and a process for producing the same with high productivity are disclosed, the monofilament yarn comprising polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of from 1500 to 7000, having a tensile strength of not less than 10 g/d and an initial modulus of not less than 200 g/d, and having a fineness of 100 denier or more; and the process comprising dry-wet spinning a spinning dope prepared by dissolving polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of from 1500 to 7000 in a solvent and stretching the resulting unstretched filament, wherein a plurality of filaments immediately after being spun from a spinning nozzle having a plurality of orifices are closely adhered and united into a substantially single strand in an inert atmosphere and then introduced into a coagulating bath or a cooling bath.

Abstract: A polyamide yarn is disclosed which is at least 85% by weight poly(hexamethylene adipamide) and which has a relative viscosity of greater than 50, a tenacity of at least about 9.5 g/d, a modulus of at least about 30 g/d, a shrinkage at 160.degree. C. of less than about 2 percent, a crystal perfection index of greater than about 83, and a long period spacing of greater than about 105 .ANG.. The process for making the yarn includes drawing of a feed yarn while heating to at least about 190.degree. C. in at least a final draw stage to a draw tension of at least 3.8 g/d, subsequently decreasing the tension while heating to at least about 190.degree. C. to produce a length decrease of between about 13.5 and about 30%, and cooling and packaging the yarn.

Abstract: A process for producing high tenacity nylon yarn is described. The process comprises a melt-spinning step for producing an as-spun yarn, a solid state polymerization step for increasing the Mw and changing the crystalline characteristics of the nylon polymer of the as-spun yarn, and a drawing step for increasing the tenacity of the yarn.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyethylene terephthalate untwisted multifilament which satisfies the following requirements (A), (B), (C) and (D);(A) the intrinsic viscosity [IV] is 0.97 to 1.15;(B) the amorphous orientation function [fa] is not larger than 0.55;(C) the tenacity [T] (g/d), the shrinkage [.DELTA.S] (%) as measured after standing in dry air at 150.degree. C. for 30 minutes, the medium elongation [ME] (%) under a load of 4.5 g/d, and the dimensional stability index [Y] expressed by the formula: Y=ME.sup.0.81 +.DELTA.S+1.32 are within ranges defined by the following formulae (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e):0.33Y+5.55.ltoreq.T.ltoreq.0.33Y+6.50 (a),8.0.ltoreq.T.ltoreq.9.5 (b),8.5.ltoreq.Y.ltoreq.10.5 (c),5.ltoreq.ME.ltoreq.10 (d),and2.ltoreq..DELTA.S.ltoreq.g (e);and (d) the elongation at break is at least 11% and the product of the tenacity and elongation, which is defined by: ##EQU1## is 30 to 36.

Abstract: A spinneret having octagonally-shaped orifices for producing yarn filaments having a characteristic cross-section and improved cross-sectional fidelity. The filament cross-section is characterized by generally symmetrical rectangular sub-sections each having four lobes and joined one to the other by a central bridging portion connecting the short facing sides of the sub-sections. This cross-section has increased surface area and remains substantially constant throughout the length of the filament whereby reduced air pressure is required when using the filament in air jet looms.

Abstract: A polyamide filament having improved properties such as increased tenacity and dyeability. The filament has a birefringence of at least 0.040 and an .alpha.-crystal content of at least 30%. The filament is prepared by contacting the filament with water after the filament has been cooled to a temperature below its stick point but above its glass transition temperature. The water can be applied intermittently to the filament to produce a resulting filament having variable dyeing characteristics.

Abstract: High strength polyester multifilament yarn of improved dimensional stability, which has the proper combination of an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.90, relatively low work loss and a high degree of toughness, is incorporated as tire cord into a rubber tire for reinforcement to provide an important improvement in fatigue life and retained fatigue strength. The continuous melt-spin process comprises the steps of feeding prepolymer to a first finisher vessel to achieve at least 0.4 intrinsic viscosity transferring polymer to a second finisher vessel for a period sufficient to achieve an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.95, and supplying this polymer to an extrusion spinnerette.

Abstract: A fishing net twine comprising a single first yarn and a plurality of second yarns which are orderly stranded together with the first yarn. The first yarn is a bundle of multiple filaments having a thickness of 8 to 42 denier and a monofilament having a thickness of 0.10 to 0.24 mm which are stranded together. The second yarn includes a number of monofilaments having a thickness of 0.10 to 0.24 mm.

Abstract: Flat heather polyester yarns that provide soft pleasing fabrics that can easily be brushed (or napped) to enhance their aesthetics, on account of their unusually low tenacity, that consist essentially of cationic dyeable polyester filaments with homopolymer filaments, and corresponding spin-oriented feed yarns that may be processed into such flat yarns by draw-warping.

Abstract: Flat polyester yarns that provide soft pleasing fabrics that can easily be brushed (or napped) to enhance their aesthetics, on account of their unusually low tenacity, that consist essentially of cationic dyeable polyester filaments, and corresponding spin-oriented feed yarns that may be processed into such flat yarns by draw-warping.

Abstract: Fine denier fibers and/or multi-filaments prepared from linear low density polyethylene copolymers (LLDPE) are found to offer advantages over other forms of polyolefins.

Abstract: Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers of high tenacity and modulus shrink controlled amounts at temperatures in the range of 100.degree.-145.degree. C. Fabrics and twisted multifilament yarns of these fibers are heat-shrunk or heat-set at these temperatures.

Abstract: Hollow fiber separation membranes are bundled in groups of 5-350 membranes and helically wound with a 20-120 denier yarn. The bundle is more readily handled when making permeators using dry membranes and there is significantly reduced fiber breakage and damage.

Abstract: A two-component yarn is created from a fiber component and a component consisting of a filament yarn, in which the fiber component is formed by a drawn sliver that is prestrengthened by means of pneumatic false-twist spinning and is twisted together with the filament yarn.

Abstract: A thread comprising plural carbon fiber strands having a first twist of 80 turns/m or more and plied and twisted to give a final twist of 50 turns/m or more in the direction reverse to the first twist. The thread has a fineness of 3000 denier or less and a knot strength of 1.0 g/denier or more, and the single fibers of the carbon fiber strands constituting the thread each have a fineness of 0.7 denier or less and a loop breaking strain of 2.5% or more.

Abstract: A false twisted bulky synthetic multifilament yarn of a uniform polymer consisting of at least two filament bundles of different filament deniers, with the filaments in each of said bundles having the same denier per filament. The smaller denier per filament is less than 1 dtex, and the total denier of the texturized yarn is in excess of 100 times the finer filament denier. For the production of such a multifilament yarn, the draw ratios of both filament bundles are chosen such that the difference between both draw ratios is smaller than 0.1, and both bundles are drawtexturized simultaneously at a draw ratio corresponding to the draw ratio of the filament bundle having the coarser denier per filament. Preferred end uses of the yarn are water-repellent fabrics, dust proof fabrics, and the conductive component of sports wear.

Abstract: A shaped article of a polyurethane-urea spandex having a specific polycarbonate soft segments provides improved resistance to chlorine and mildew. The soft segment is derived from poly(pentane-1,5-carbonate)diol, poly(hexane-1,6-carbonate)diol, copolymers thereof, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Fibres consisting wholly or substantially of a mixture of poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide and an aromatic copolyamide. They display an improved tensile strength and elongation at break if the mixture contains, as the copolyamide, (2-25% b.w. of) a polycondensation product of terephthalic acid, p-phenylene diamine and a monomer selected from the group consisting of piperazine, benzidine and 1,4-diamino anthraquinone. The fibres are particularly suitable for use in the manufacture of tire yarn.

Abstract: The invention is a multifilament thermoplastic surgical suture having a plurality of meltfused filaments where the filaments are only melt fused for a controlled length from at least one end of the suture. This melt fused end invention eliminates the end dipping operation for multifilament sutures. Preferably, the melt fused or bonded length of suture has at least eighty percent of the tensile strength of an unfused portion, as a substitute for the end-dipped suture.

Abstract: Fine denier fibers and/or multi-filaments prepared from linear low density polyethylene copolymers (LLDPE) are found to offer advantages over other forms of polyolefins.

Abstract: Continuous filament yarn having nonload-bearing fracturable filaments and load-bearing non-fracturable filaments, an elongation-to-break of equal to or less than 180%; yarn made from such continuous filament yarn and fractured to have spun-like or staple-like character with the nonload-bearing filaments being variably broken and having free ends either entangled with and/or projecting from the yarn bundle; fabric made from the fractured continuous yarn; and process for fracturing the continuous filament yarn.

Abstract: A new combination of an integrally-formed button, thread, and needle to eliminate the need for assembling these items. In the present invention, they are preassembled and ready for immediate use by the sewer.

Abstract: A polyhexamethylene adipamide yarn characterized by a tenacity greater than 4.5 g/den., an elongation of from 25-40% constituent ribbon cross-section filaments having a length to width ratio greater than 3 is disclosed. Also disclosed is the process for making such yarn including a delayed quench and a two-stage hot chest draw.

Abstract: Tire cord having enough high tensile strength, high initial modulus, and high fatigue resistance required for radial tire and belted bias tire can be obtained from polyvinyl alcohol polymer. Said cord is constituted by multifilament yarns composed of a polyvinyl alcohol polymer having a degree of polymerization of at least 2000, having a tensile strength of 15 g/d or more and an initial modulus of 250 g/d or more, and undergoing substantially no fusion between single filaments. It has cord properties of not less than 8.5 g/d in tensile strength, 0.5 to 2.2% in middle degree of elongation (MDE), and 0.2 to 2.0% in dry heat shrinkage factor (.DELTA.S).

Abstract: The present invention reveals a process for manufacturing a high strength woven fabric that is particularly suitable for use as a tire reinforcement which comprises:(a) drawing a polymeric yarn to a draw ratio that is 70% to 99% of the draw ratio that would fully draw the yarn to produce an optimally drawn yarn;(b) twisting at least two of said optimally drawn polymeric yarns into a cord;(c) weaving a plurality of said cords into a greige woven fabric; and(d) stretching and relaxing said greige woven fabric under conditions sufficient to reduce the denier of the cords in said fabric by 1% to 10%.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for production of a heat-treated, coarse fiber of polyester-POY, whereby the fiber is first twisted and then continuously relaxed and tempered at a temperature from 130.degree. to 250.degree. C. to an extent from 20 to 55%. The slide-resistant fiber produced in this manner, displaying an elongation at break from 150 to 350%, a thermal shrink from +6 to -6% can be employed without further pre-treatment as weft yarn for tire cord webs.

Abstract: An improved partially-oriented nylon 66 (PON) spinning process and product are provided by increasing the molecular weight well above the levels customary for apparel end uses.

Abstract: An improved multifilamentary tow of carbon fibers is provided which possesses a novel physical configuration that better enables it to undergo impregnation with a matrix-forming resin to form quality composite articles. The individual filaments of the tow are randomly decollimated and commingled with numerous filament cross-over points throughout the length of the multifilamentary tow in order to create a multitude of interstices between adjacent filaments which are well adapted to receive and retain a matrix-forming resin as evidenced by the ability of the filaments when subjected to the flaring test described herein to resist lateral expansion to a width that is as much as three times the original width. The tow commonly comprises approximately 1,000 to 50,000 filaments. Also, the filaments of the tow are substantially continuous and contain at least 70 percent carbon by weight (preferably at least 90 percent carbon by weight).

Abstract: Spinneret having an orifice defined by two intersecting slots and each intersecting slot in turn defined by three quadrilateral sections connected in series: the middle quadrilateral section of each intersecting slot having a greater width than the other two quadrilateral sections of the same intersecting slot and intersecting the other intersecting slot at its middle quadrilateral section to form therewith a generally X-shaped opening, with each of the other two quadrilateral sections of each intersecting slot being longer than the middle quadrilateral section of each intersecting slot; and a four-winged filament cross-section extruded through the aforedescribed spinneret orifice.

Abstract: An archery string is produced of polyethylene monofilaments of a super high molecular weight by multi-staged bundling and twisting in order to lower the elongation percentage, thereby assuring high hitting rate in shooting and better endurance.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are provided for manufacturing a fasciated yarn having uniform yarn construction and high strength. The process comprises subjecting fibers to a draft cutting step, at least one amendatory draft cutting step and a yarn formation step wherein the fibers are continuously transferred from the draft cutting step to the yarn formation step without any substantial interruption of fiber movement between the steps.

Abstract: Yarns or tows of high strength composite fibers the majority of which comprise a core of carbon or the like and a thin, uniform firmly adherent electrically conductive layer or an electrodepositable metal, such as nickel or the like, the bond strength of the metal to the core being greater than 10 percent of the intermetallic bond strength of the metal layer. The composites can be produced by electrodeposition from a bath onto the core but the procedure must use external voltages high enough both (i) to dissociate the metal at the core and (ii) to nucleate the metal through the boundary layer into direct contact with the core.

Abstract: A reinforcement for rubber is disclosed, which comprises a cord made from an amorphous iron-base alloy filament previously subjected to a wire drawing at a reduction of area of not less than 10%.

Abstract: In a partially oriented nylon feed yarn for drawtexturing, the filaments have sheaths containing a branching agent while the cores do not. Exceptional crimp development is achieved in the resulting textured yarn.

Abstract: An improved partially-oriented nylon 66 (PON) spinning process and product are provided by increasing the molecular weight well above the levels customary for apparel end uses.

Abstract: A hollow thread bundle for material and/or heat exchange has a plurality of substantially parallel hollow threads of substantially equal length, and a sewing seam wrapping around the plurality of hollow threads and including at least one sewing thread. The hollow thread bundle can be produced by wrapping the plurality of hollow threads by a sewing seam including at least one sewing thread.

Abstract: A yarn containing hollow synthetic polymer filaments having an outside diameter ranging from 0.02 to 0.20 mm is provided. The yarn has a filament to yarn strength translation efficiency of at least 98 percent and a yarn to cord strength translation efficiency of at least 90 percent. The yarn has utility in medical products, self-buoyant assemblies, ropes and braids, filtration fabrics, textured products, tire cord and ballistics.

Abstract: The twisted yarn is prepared by twisting (1) a single yarn comprising a water-insoluble fiber having a degree of water swelling of at least 10 cc/g or (2) a plurality of single yarns comprising a water-insoluble fiber having a degree of water swelling of at least 10 cc/g or a plurality of yarns comprising at least 50% by weight of such single yarns and water-nonswellable yarns so that the twist constant is at least 2.5.

Abstract: An activated carbon fiber spun yarn having excellent workability and adsorptive property is disclosed. The activated carbon fiber spun yarn comprising activated carbon fibers having a specific surface area of 500 to 1,500 m.sup.2 /g, a ductility of at least 0.5%, and a tensile strength of at least 10 kg/mm.sup.2 and derived from acrylonitrile-based fibers. The spun yarn has a twist coefficient of 30 to 60.

Abstract: An improved partially-oriented nylon 66 (PON) spinning process and product are provided by increasing the molecular weight well above the levels customary for apparel end uses.