Abstract: A drawing/false twist texturizing process capable of being implemented during the treatment of the yarn. During the treatment, the point of striction is localized during the drawing phase by bringing about an abrupt break or modification in the trajectory of the yarn while it is rising in temperature in the texturizing zone. This is achieved by pressing on a surface or element allowing the twist imparted by the false-twisting spindle to be taken back as far as the first feed system. The modification in the trajectory of the yarn is achieved in the actual oven either while the yarn is rising in temperature or in the vicinity of the zone where it reaches its optimum treatment temperature.

Abstract: A method for forming a braided rope. Twisted yarns are first braided together to form braided strands, and the braided strands are then braided together to form the rope. The diameter of the individual twisted yarns is kept to a minimum, thereby reducing the number of twisting stages required to form the yarns and also permitting heat stretching treatment using existing systems. Moreover, in-line connections can be made within the individual strands using conventional braided rope splices, which both eliminates the need to use long splices during manufacture of the rope and enables individual strands to be spliced in the field to so as to repair snags, cuts, and other service damage without having to replace an entire length of the rope.

Abstract: A cooling device for a false twisting machine having a fixed wall member 16 and movable wall members 18a and 18b which have faced side surfaces between which yarn treatment passageways 19a and 19b are formed. The facing side surfaces are formed with yarn contacting portions 16a1 and 16b1 and 18a-1 and 18b-1, which are spaced along the direction of the running of the yarn in the yarn treatment passageways. The arrangement of the yarn contacting portions are such that contact with the yarn occurs alternately between the fixed wall member 16 and movable wall members 18a and 18b. A sucking duct 14 is opened to the yarn treatment passageways 19a and 19b to generate flows of fluid transverse to the running direction of the yarn in the passageways 19a and 19b.

Abstract: The distribution of thick regions along a filament yarn can have a random character if the thick regions of a filament from a first stretching zone are heated in a second stretching zone and thereby permitted to stretch and reduce in thickness. The heating in the second zone is out of phase with the thick regions of the first stretching zone.

Abstract: A heating apparatus for an advancing thermoplastic yarn, which is guided along a heated surface over heating ridges. Essential is that the heat flow to the yarn is variable, in particular by a change in height, a change in width of the heating ridges, and/or a change in the contact length with the yarn. In this connection, the heating ridges may be adjustable, and/or the path of the yarn may be made variable by yarn guides.

Abstract: A method of controlling the manufacture of false twist textured yarn characterised by adjusting non-isothermally in a closed loop the heat flux taken up by the yarn in tension to a specific yarn dyeability. Adjustment can be achieved by feeding back the output of a direct-acting yarn texture sensor to control at least one of yarn heater heat supply, yarn twist speed and yarn feed speed. The sensor is arranged to sense at least one of textured yarn speed, yarn temperature, yarn bulk and yarn tension. A very compact texturing line is possible when the control method is applied.

Abstract: A method of making yarn comprises feeding at least two drawn, continuous filament starting yarns (18, 19), of which at least one is a multifilament yarn, together to an intermingling device (21) to form a single bulked thread of which the filaments of the starting yarns are intermingled and looped, and applying a bulk-reducing treatment to the bulked thread (27), characterized in that the starting yarns are fed to the intermingling device with substantially equal overfeed.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating an advancing yarn is disclosed, which comprises an elongate heater body having a U-shaped channel accommodating a plurality of yarn guides. The yarn guides are configured and positioned such that the yarn advancing through the heating apparatus is deflected along a non-linear path of travel which includes several straight line segments which are closely adjacent and parallel to each of the side walls of the channel. The non-linear path effectively increases the yarn length in the heating apparatus, thereby facilitating high speed operation, and without unduly increasing the frictional resistance of the apparatus on the yarn.

Abstract: A process of making a low-shrinkage, air-textured yarn, in particular sewing yarn, of synthetic, pre-oriented polymer multifilaments, includes the steps of drawing multifilaments in the form of a single strand at a temperature of about 180.degree. to 230.degree. C. by a factor of 1.6 to 2.5, air-texturing the drawn strand at a rate of overfeed of 1.03 to 1.20 to form a single-strand raw yarn, feeding the raw yarn to a fluffing zone of predetermined length at a rate of overfeed of 1.003 to 1.025, winding the fluffy raw yarn at slightest possible tension, reeling off and twisting the wound raw yarn, and treating the twisted raw yarn at a temperature of 125.degree. to 135.degree. C. over 1 to 3 hours in a dyeing unit, and, optionally, dyeing the raw yarn. The process is equally applicable for making plied yarns.

Abstract: Wound bobbins of yarn are exposed to a high temperature heat treatment step to eliminate variances in hot air shrinkage caused by the manufacturing processes used to make the strands.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for crimping and heat setting a filament or a tow of filaments and to provide fine filaments. The apparatus has at least one heating zone with means for heating a filament or a tow of filaments in an inert and/or oxidizing atmosphere. In the heating zone is a pair of horizontally movable mating conveying means having a multiplicity of protrusions for imparting a crimp to said filament or tow.

Abstract: A yarn heating apparatus for use in a yarn false twisting machine, which has a heated axial channel in which the yarn advances along a zigzagged path. To guide the yarn in the axial channel, yarn guides are provided, which are mounted to a generally U-shaped sheet metal rail which is removably received in the axial channel. The U-shaped rail has a base and side strips which lie flat against the bottom wall and side walls of the channel, and the yarn guides are mounted to a rail by holding elements which include an opening in the rail and a projection on the yarn guides which extend through the opening so as to engage the wall of the channel. The yarn guides may be fabricated from a ceramic material, or include a ceramic coating.

Abstract: A machine unit through which a thread is guided includes a drafting unit comprised of double godets, a texturing unit, a relax unit comprising double rollers, and a winding device. The drafting unit and the relax unit are arranged at an angle of less than 90.degree. to a reference plane, while the winding device is arranged at an angle (.delta.) of essentially 90.degree. to the reference plane. Furthermore, an operator's working position is provided, from which the aforementioned arrangement of the drafting unit and relax unit relative to the winding device is accessible.

Abstract: Braided or twisted lines made from gel spun polyolefin yarns are stretched to increase line tenacity. If desired, stretching conditions can also be chosen to significantly reduce the denier of the line.

Abstract: A yarn heating apparatus, interposed between a false twist apparatus imparting twist to a synthetic fiber yarn and a yarn feed apparatus feeding the synthetic fiber yarn to the false twist apparatus, is designed to heat the synthetic fiber yarn traveling on a yarn travel path extending from the yarn feed apparatus to the false twist apparatus. The yarn travel path includes a twist existence path section through which the twist imparted to the synthetic fiber yarn extends continuously. The yarn heating apparatus comprises a yarn heat member unit formed with a yarn heat channel defining in part the twist existence path section of the yarn travel path for heating the synthetic fiber yarn passing through the yarn heat channel, and a plurality of yarn guide members located in the yarn heat channel of the yarn heat member unit in spaced relationship to one another for guiding the synthetic fiber yarn through the yarn heat channel of the yarn heat member unit.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for false twist texturing comprising the steps of supplying a yarn hot (11) to a twist trap (12) upstream of a false twist device (13) instead of supplying heat to the yarn intermediate the twist trap and the false twist device.

Abstract: A heating apparatus for false twisting of synthetic fiber is desired to be a non-contact type high-temperature heating apparatus from the viewpoints of efficiency and energy saving. However, in this case, it is necessary to process a long metal bar to form a long passage through which a filament passes and accommodate a long heating member in the metal bar. This processing is very difficult to do. To solve this problem, this invention has been proposed. A main body is made of metal so that the main body is constructed in the form of a tube or it is tubular and bent relative to the length of the main body. End walls are formed on both ends of the main body. In the main body, passages through which filaments pass are provided along the length of the main body and guides are provided. Further, heat-conductive powder or grain is contained in the main body and additionally, a heating member is provided therein.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus and method for cooling an advancing yarn, which includes an elongate cooling rail along which the advancing yarn is guided. At each end of the cooling rail, the yarn and the cooling rail are reciprocated relative to each other in a direction transverse to the direction of the advancing yarn, so that the yarn sweeps over the cooling surface of the cooling rail, thus facilitating the removal of a possibly developing condensate.

Abstract: In a textile yarn texturing machine, a cooling arrangement for the heated false-twisted yarn is provided by a tube having a guide at the inlet end and a guide on the diametrically opposed side of the tube at the outlet end to guide the yarn in a helical path around the outer surface of the tube. The yarn makes one-half turn around the tube during its travel from the inlet end to the outlet end. Holes on the yarn path in the first part of the tube are connected to a suction device for fume extraction, and a cooling fluid may be passed through the tube to enhance cooling. The tube may form the second part of the cooling arrangement and is preferably inclined downwardly from a horizontally disposed first part towards the false twist device. The cooling arrangement or at least the first part is aligned with the preferably horizontally disposed heater located above the operator's aisle of the machine.

Abstract: A heating device for heating an advancing yarn, which has a groove in which the yarn advances along a zigzag line. To advance the yarn in the groove, yarn guides are provided, which are arranged spaced apart from each other on a common carrier so as to form a unitary structural unit. The structural unit is inserted on the bottom of the groove, and rests against the side walls of the groove. The yarn guides are configured as pins.

Abstract: A yarn false twist crimping machine which comprises a processing frame which mounts the yarn processing components, a creel for mounting the yarn packages, and a take-up frame which is laterally spaced from the processing frame on the side thereof opposite the creel so as to define an operator aisle therebetween. An elongate heater is mounted to the take-up frame and an elongate cooling plate is mounted to the processing frame, and a false twist unit is mounted to the processing frame below the outlet end of the cooling plate. The yarn is guided from the creel in a generally planar arrangement across the operator aisle and to a first yarn feed system which is mounted on the take-up frame. The yarn then advances through the heater and cooling plate to the false twist unit and so as to loop back through the plane defined by the yarns being fed from the creel.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing the dyeability of polyester yarn and comprises heating the partially oriented yarn to a temperature between its crystallization temperature and its melting point while preventing the partially oriented yarn from shrinking, and immediately thereafter draw texturizing the partially oriented yarn to a desired draw ratio and texturization.

Abstract: An elongate heater for heating an advancing synthetic filament yarn with reduced friction. The yarn is advanced in contact with a generally flat contact surface of the elongate heater, with yarn guides being arranged along the heater in spaced apart relationship, and so as to guide the yarn in a zigzagged path with a predetermined amplitude over the contact surface. The yarn guides may be constructed as cylinders, which extend perpendicularly to the contact surface of the heater.

Abstract: A yarn heating apparatus for use in a yarn false twisting machine, which has an axial channel in which the yarn advances along a zigzagged path. To guide the yarn in the axial channel, yarn guides are provided, which are shaped as spaced apart protuberances on two metal strips. The metal strips are supported in contact with the side walls of the axial channel.

Abstract: A method for rethreading a yarn during false twist texturing of the yarn includes setting the temperature of a heater body outside a range having upper and lower limits so that if melted yarn adheres to the heater, the yarn vaporizes quickly if the temperature is above the upper limit or is easily removed by rethreading the yarn if the temperature is below the lower limit. The heater body has a total length between 0.8 and 1.2 m, the heater body and heating member divided into two pieces from upstream side to downstream side of the heat treating apparatus in ratio of length between 1:3 and 1: 1:5. The divided upstream heating member (12) is able to heat the upstream heater body (11) at a temperature higher than 370.degree. C., and the downstream heating member (22) is to heat the downstream heater body (21) at a temperature of between 200.degree. and 320.degree. C. or higher than 370.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for stretching natural staple fibers to reduce the diameter includes the steps of treating a substantially untwisted traveling assembly of natural fibers to plasticize the natural fibers, twisting the traveling assembly sufficiently to substantially prevent drafting of the assembly during subsequent stretching, subsequently stretching the twisted assembly and setting the stretch. Staple fibers having reduced diameters are provided as a result of the stretching process.

Abstract: A method for increasing the dyeability of polyester yarn comprising heating the partially oriented yarn to a temperature between its crystallization temperature and its melting point while preventing the partially oriented yarn from shrinking, and immediately thereafter draw texturizing the partially oriented yarn to a desired draw ratio and texturization.

Abstract: In a polyester multi-filament yarn consisting of at least two kinds of false twisted filament yarns having different sectional shapes, the present invention relates to a combined and multi-component false twisted filament yarn which comprises at least one kind of filament yarns having a specific sectional shape not having a recess and the other kind of filament yarns having a specific sectional shape having recesses, and wherein the filament yarns having the respective sectional shapes are dispersedly mix-woven. The present invention relates also to a method of producing such a combined and multi-component false twisted multi-filament yarn and a knitted/woven fabric obtained by using such a yarn.

Abstract: A composite crimped yarn comprising: at least two kinds of multifilament yarns, one of them being comprised of a crimped conjugate multifilament yarn comprising two kinds of polyester polymers different from each other in the heat shrinkability and positioned as a major component of the inner layer of the composite crimped yarn, the other of them being comprised of a crimped multifilament yarn of a single synthetic polymer and positioned as a major component in the outer layer of the composite crimped yarn. In the above, the length of the crimped multifilament yarn is 5 to 35% larger than that of the crimped conjugate multifilament yarn, part of the crimped multifilament yarn being migrated to the crimped conjugate multifilament yarn disposed in the inner layer and part of the crimped conjugate multifilament yarn being migrated to the crimped multifilament yarn disposed in the outer layer.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus of a high speed false texturing machine in which a so-called surging phenomenon is prevented, yarn breakages are not increased, unevenness in yarn dyeing does not occur, and deterioration of crimp characteristics in obtained textured yarn is prevented. A false texturing machine includes a false twisting device (6) for imparting twists to a yarn (2), a heating apparatus (3), disposed upstream from the false twisting device (6), for heat setting twists that run back along the yarn (2), and a cooling apparatus (4, 5), disposed between the heating apparatus (3) and the false twisting device (5), for cooling the yarn. The cooling apparatus (4) has a plurality of partial cooling plates (8). A yarn pressing member (9) serves to insert the yarn (2) into a space between the adjacent partial cooling plates (8) beyond a common contacting line of the adjacent partial cooling plates (8).

Abstract: A false twist crimping machine has a secondary heater positioned downstream of the false twist zone, which comprises a slightly curved, upright, externally heated tube. The upright heating tube has a downstream end which connects with a horizontally directed transport tube which extends laterally across the service aisle of the machine adjacent the floor, and to a side frame which mounts the package take-up system. The inside diameter and length of the transport tube closely correspond to the inside diameter and length of the heating tube.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for high speed false twist texturing of yarns, which makes it possible to perform false twist texturing smoothly at a yarn speed of 1,000 m/min or higher. The number of false-twists inserted per meter of yarn is determined by Equation 1, while the yarn is false-twisted at a yarn speed satisfying Equation 2 and at a short yarn path length satisfying Equation 3: ##EQU1## wherein T is the number of false-twists inserted per meter of yarn, V is the yarn speed of false twist texturing (m/sec), L is the yarn path length from teed rollers to a false twister (m), and A is a cross sectional area of the yarn (m.sup.2), which is obtained by dividing the denier of the yarn by the density of the yarn. The false-twist texturing apparatus includes feed rollers feeding yarn to a false-twisting zone, a heating device bringing the yarn into direct contact with steam, a cooling device bringing the yarn into direct contact with water, a false twister and delivery rollers, in this order.

Abstract: A heater body has a total length between 0.8 and 1.2 m, the heater body and heating member are divided into two pieces from upstream side to downstream side of the heat treating apparatus in ratio of length between 1:3 and 1:1.5, the divided upstream heating member (12) is able to heat the upstream heater body (11) at a temperature higher than 370.degree. C., and the downstream heating member (22) is to heat the downstream heater body (21) at a temperature of between 200.degree. and 320.degree. C. or higher than 370.degree. C., the upstream heater body has yarn guides (15) disposed at a longitudinal pitch of at most 30 mm, and the downstream heater body has yarn guides (24) disposed at a longitudinal pitch between 80 and 120 mm.

Abstract: A draw texturing machine comprises a first heater for heating a yarn, a false twisting device for imparting twists to the yarn, and a cooling plate, disposed between the first heater and the false twisting device, for cooling the yarn which has been heated by the first heater and for inhibiting vibration of the yarn so as to allow the yarn to run in a stable manner. The cooling plate is provided with a yarn threading groove member having a bottom portion with which the yarn runs in contact and wall portions connected to the bottom portion to form a concave, downwardly directed opening. The wall portions of the yarn threading groove member are provided with a plurality of holes, and the bottom portion of the yarn threading groove member is provided with no holes.

Abstract: Process allowing the cooling of a yarn (2) in motion at the exit from a heater (5) before it passes through a treatment member such as a false twist spindle (7), consisting in passing the yarn inside a tube (10) through which a current of cool air or other gaseous product passes, the current of air being directed in a direction opposite to the direction of advance of the yarn. It is characterized in that during this cooling phase, the yarn is held in contact with a support or guide surface arranged coaxially inside the tube (10) through which the current of air which flows in the space contained between the external tube (10) and the guide surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn comprises a heater body for completely or partially encircling the synthetic yarn, which is being false twisted or being drawn and false twisted, in a non-contacting condition therewith, a heating member disposed in the heater body for heating the heating wall of the heater body at a high temperature, and yarn guides disposed in a yarn passage surrounded by the heating wall of the heater body. In a first embodiment, the heater body and the heating member are longitudinally divided into at least two sections. In a second embodiment, the yarn guides are provided with yarn guide heating members which are different from the heating member for the heater body.

Abstract: Machine for carrying out twisting and an additional texturing treatment continuously on a man-made yarn, wherein false-twist texturing treatment elements (6) are arranged in the central part (2) of the stand of the machine, and the feeding elements (7, 10) for feeding the yarn consist of delivery devices of the positive type. A double-twist spindle (3) and the winding assembly (5) are arranged one above the other and are laterally offset. The guidance of the yarn (5) at the exit of the double-twist spindle (3), in order to convey it into the texturing treatment zone (6), and at the exit of said texturing zone, in order to convey it to the winding members (11), is obtained by an assembly (13) comprising, for each work station, a pair of yarn guides (15, 16) supported at the same level on the stand of the machine substantially at mid-height. One guide (15) is arranged in the extension of the double-twist spindle (3), and the other guide (16) is offset laterally outwardly from the one guide (15).

Abstract: An elongate and arcuately curved yarn heating plate of the type adapted for use in a false twist yarn crimping machine which utilizes a specific relationship between the curvature of the heating plate and the heat imparted to the yarn so as to permit the length of the heating plate to be shortened as compared to conventional lengths. More particularly, the present invention involves the shortening of the radius of curvature of the heating plate from known and accepted values, which has been found to permit the length of the heating plate to be shortened while still providing adequate heat transfer to the yarn.

Abstract: A yarn heating apparatus which is adapted for use in a yarn false twisting machine. The heating apparatus includes an elongate heating surface, and a plurality of yarn guide members mounted in a longitudinally spaced-apart arrangement along the length of the heating surface, for guiding an advancing yarn therealong in a laterally zigzagged path of travel which is adjacent but spaced from the heating surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for heat treating a synthetic yarn comprises a heater body for completely or partially encircling the synthetic yarn, which is being false twisted or being drawn and false twisted, in a condition non-contacting therewith, a heating member disposed in the heater body for heating the heating wall of the heater body at a high temperature, and yarn guides disposed in a yarn passage surrounded by the heating wall of the heater body. In a first embodiment, the heater body and the heating member are longitudinally divided into at least two sections. In a second embodiment, the yarn guides are provided with yarn guide heating members which are different from the heating member for heater body.

Abstract: A method of monitoring yarn quality in a yarn texturing process comprises measuring the velocity of the travelling yarn at two locations and comparing the measured velocities. At a first location the yarn tension is sufficient to draw out the crimp and at a second location the tension is lower such that the crimp is developed. Apparatus for performing this method comprises a measuring device to measure the peripheral speed of a driving roller which is part of a nip-feed device serving to feed a crimped yarn at the first location from a false twist device to a second heater of a false twist texturing machine. At the second location between the second heater and a third feed device of the machine is a second velocity measuring device which comprises an inlet tube, an outlet tube and two discs of brass which form spaced measuring stations spaced by an insulating body.

Abstract: A false twisting apparatus comprising: a pair of first feed rollers for feeding a yarn to be false twisted; a pair of second feed rollers for feeding a false-twisted yarn; a first heating means and a twisting means whcih are provided between the first and second feed rollers in order to false twist the yarn fed by the first feed rollers; wherein first and second stabilizing means for cooling and stabilizing the yarn heated by the first heating means are arranged between the first heating means and the twisting means in the recited order; the first stabilizing means being arranged substantially aligned with the first heating means; an interior angle defined between the first and second stabilizing means and inside the apparatus being more than 90.degree.; and the length of the second stabilizing means being shorter than that of the first stabilizing means.

Abstract: A ply-twisted crimped continuous filament yarn having at least 40 twist reversals per meter and particularly suited for freize style carpets and the process for making the yarn is disclosed.

Abstract: In an arrangement for texturing threads used in producing yarn, the threads are preheated by passing through channels of a contact heater before passing through the known yarn texturing, e.g. false twisting units. To increase thread and yarn production with a particular contact heater, two threads are passed through a respective heating channel in the heater, rather than one thread. To accomplish this, one thread has a right hand, regular or Z-twist or turn and the other has a left hand, reverse or S-twist or turn, and their crimp causes them to avoid each other at opposite sides of the channel, and not to undesirably contact. A respective texturing unit is supplied for each of the threads that has been heated.

Abstract: A texturizing machine for false-twist crimping of synthetic yarns having a plurality of work stations at each of which yarn is drawn by feed rolls from supply bobbins and guided successively through a heating device, a cooling device and a texturizing unit to a group of superjacent bobbin winding units, with the bobbin winding unit groups being arranged in longitudinal succession along the length of the machine. A pair of opposed spaced longitudinaly extending support frames define an operator service passageway therebetween. The heating devices, cooling devices and texturizing units are disposed adjacent the passageway with the yarn being guided over the passageway. The bobbin winding units are mounted on the opposed frames on both sides of the passageway with the groups of bobbin winding units alternately mounted successively on opposite frames longitudinally of the machine with the yarns of successive bobbin winding unit groups being guided in opposite directions over the passageway.

Abstract: A continuous high speed spin-draw-false twist texturing process for producing a textured nylon yarn having high yarn uniformity is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of (a) melt-spinning a plurality of nylon filaments from nylon polymer; (b) cooling the filaments and combining them to form a yarn; (c) controlling the processing conditions of the nylon polymer of step (a) such that the relative viscosity of the yarn formed in step (b) is at least 45; (d) partially drawing the yarn at a draw ratio of from 2.3 to 3.5 and a temperature of at least 50.degree. C.; (e) simultaneously false twist texturing and further drawing the partially drawn yarn in a draw-false twist texturing zone at a draw ratio of from 1.1 to 1.5; and (f) withdrawing the textured nylon yarn at a speed of at least 1500 meters per minute. The process is particularly useful for the manufacture of textured nylon yarn having a linear density in the range of from about 10 dtex to about 50 dtex.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for manufacturing a textured yarn. The method comprises introducing plural yarns simultaneously in a state out of contact with each other into a belt type false twister including two crossing endless belts travelling in directions from each other and then exerting a compressed fluid on the plural yarns to partially intertwine the yarns. The intertwined yarns are wound up as a single textured yarn.

Abstract: A textile machine, which comprises a stand-off creel, first, second and third feed means, first and second heaters, cooling zone, false twist device and take-up means, has the second and third feed means, false twist device, second heater and take-up means mounted on a common frame with the second heater disposed vertically behind the take-up means and the third feed means located forwardly of the second heater, and has guide means operable to guide a yarn from the outlet end of the second heater through 90.degree. to the third feed means. This enables the second heater to be mounted lower in the frame than with previous machines and enables the false twist device, second feed means, cooling zone and first heater to be positioned nearer to the operator for operation, maintenance or cleaning.

Abstract: A yarn false twisting apparatus is disclosed which is adapted to produce a crimped composite yarn composed of an S twisted component and a Z twisted component, and wherein the full takeup capacity of the apparatus is utilized. The apparatus includes first and second false twisting units associated with each twisting position, with all of the first units being aligned in a first horizontal row extending along the length of the apparatus, and all of the second units being aligned in a second horizontal row. The two rows may be oriented with respect to each other, and the other elements of each twisting position, so that the paths of travel of the two components have an equal twisting length, and an equal cooling length.

Abstract: Synthetic yarn and yarn-like structures are formed by the method of treating separate multifilament strands of thermoplastics material so that at least one has a shrinkage ratio higher than normal at an elevated temperature. The strands are intermingled in a gas stream with formation of loops on the strands after which they are subjected to a twisting force which imparts a random form of twist on the intermingled formation followed by a heating operation to cause them to shrink differentially while being held until shrinkage ceases so that interlocking bud-like projections form on the filaments.