Abstract: Wire stranding apparatus for giving a periodic reverse twisting operation, in which a rotationally flexible elongate member, preferably a rod, carries wire guiding elements extending radially outwardly from it. Each element has guide holes for wires as they are passed along the rod. Stranding is done by holding an upstream end of the rod stationary and while the wires are moved along guide paths, the downstream end of the rod is rotated for a predetermined number of revolutions about its axis alternately in one direction and then the other. Wires are thus stranded in alternating directions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a non-tensioned multi-conduit line from a plurality of conduits and a central core as the plurality of conduits and central core are pulled longitudinally along the length thereof including the securing of conduits in a non-twisted contacting condition about the central core and oscillating the conduits about the central core prior to securing to alternately rotate the conduits in opposite directions about the central core such that the conduits contact the central core for substantially 360.degree. in each direction without introducing torsional stresses on the conduits prior to the securing thereof to the central core.

Abstract: There is provided a new wrapped textile thread which includes a core made of threads arranged considerably parallel to each other. The core is covered by a wrapping thread which winds in a single turn, forming a regular and joined spiral around the core. This textile thread is characterized by the fact that at least one part of the peripheral surface of the core is joined together by heat sealing with the wrapping of winding thread. The textile thread is useful in textile materials which require a very good resistance against abrasion.

Abstract: A textured composite yarn having the appearance and touch of a cotton yarn comprises a core yarn and a sheath yarn composed of a plurality of filaments, said sheath yarn wrapping around the core yarn. A part of the filaments of the sheath yarn wrap around the core yarn with a successive alternate twist and are substantially cohered and partially adhered to the core yarn. The composite yarn is made by simultaneous draw-false twisting and heating two component yarns having different fusing temperatures, one of the component yarns being overfed in relation to the other component yarn.

Abstract: For the SZ twisting of cable conductors with a sector-shaped conductor cross section which are not pre-twisted, stationary control guides for the conductors are provided and a twisting device is disposed immediately after the twisting closer with the distance between the engagement point of each control guide at a cable conductor and the first point of engagement with the material to be twisted of the twisting device tensionally gripping the material to be twisted from the outside made smaller than or at most equal to the length of lay of the material to be twisted. In addition, the free distance between the twisting device and the nearest device gripping the material to be twisted in a torsion-proof manner is very much larger than the length by which a longitudinal section of the twisted material is advanced during an interval of constant direction of rotation of the twisting device.

Abstract: Self-twisting yarns are made by a system in which a strand twisting device is engaged with the strand and moves at strand speed to twist the oppositely-extending sections of the strand in opposite directions. The strand is brought together with another strand and released, enabling it to untwist and twist itself to the other strand. Various arrangements are disclosed for maximizing the distance between twist reversal nodes, for cabling plied yarns together, for strengthening the strands, for reducing the tensile stresses imposed on the strands and for producing unique products with non-uniform node spacing or unequal strand lengths between adjacent pairs of nodes.

Abstract: Two or more single strands are formed and false twisted to provide sections of S-twist and Z-twist which are longitudinally spaced apart and separated by nodes which have no twist. The strands while moving longitudinally are held against rotation at points between which the adjacent strands twist in a same direction. The twist between each pair of points becomes redistributed, and the strands are released to enable them to twist together to form a self twist plural strand yarn.The strands are held against rotation during twist redistribution by apparatus which includes a device for interconnecting the strands at the points, and a rotation preventer which moves with and lies between the strands adjacent to the interconnected points.

Abstract: For SZ twisting power cable conductors with a sector shaped conductor cross section which are not pre-twisted, two twisting heads are used which form a stretched accumulator and are arranged, respectively, after or before a twisting closer and revolve synchronously with changing rotary motion. Ahead of the first twisting point, a positive guide is arranged for each cable conductor. The positive guides and the twisting heads are arranged at a distance as short as possible from the twisting points. In this manner, an exact twisting geometry of the twisted assembly in the vicinity of the reversal points of the twist direction is obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the layer-wise SZ twisting of electrical or optical cables in which, so that, in the manufacture of multi-layer cables, several stranded layers can be applied in one operation, the twisting elements are fed at points within a single stretched accumulator offset in the longitudinal direction and the speeds of rotation of the twisting heads are varied periodically in at least two increasing and decreasing steps with the distances of the twisting heads from each other adjusted, so that adjacent stranded layers have reversal points of the twist direction which are offset relative to each other.For applying a stranded layer, a twisting closer immediately followed by a rotating twisting head is provided at each feeding point.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a cable unit (30), which comprises a center portion and a plurality of layers of twisted conductor pairs, the pairs in the center portion and in each layer are oscillated in alternately opposite directions after which the unit is bound and taken up in a stationary container (62) by a system (100) which distributes the unit in a predetermined pattern of varying size convolutions. This distribution, which results in a dense package of a cable unit having a free end that facilitates testing of the unit during takeup, is accomplished while the speed at which the unit is being advanced and distributed into the varying size convolutions is maintained substantially constant.

Abstract: Groups of singles yarns are false-twisted, brought together node locked and plied to form plied strands. Additional torque in the plying direction is applied beyond the equilibrium point to add twist to the plied strands. Jet devices using air or steam can be used to apply the additional torque.

Abstract: An apparatus for twisting a fibre strand to have repeated along its length alternating zones of opposite twist comprises a fluid vortex device having two fluid inlets and a valve controlling fluid flow to the inlets. The valve comprises a hollow cylindrical rotatable valve member and a sleeve having a number of outlet ports surrounding the member. Fluid supplied to the hollow member is distributed to the outlet ports by rotation of the member. Plastics dry bearings between the member and the sleeve act to prevent improper flow of air along the abutting surfaces. The vortex device comprises a member formed with a bore, the bore having a wide port into which the fluid is injected through the inlets and a restricted port forming a venturi of diameter of the order twice that of the yarn. A plug through which the yarn passes at the end of the bore remote from the venturi inhibits escape of air from that end.

Abstract: A bunching machine for producing a twisted power cable and comprising a rotatable twisting head and a stationary take-off device through which plural strands of wire are continuously drawn, the twisting head being alternately rotated in opposite directions by switch control driven through step-down gearing from the same reversible motor as the twisting head.

Abstract: A stable plied yarn is produced by false-twisting two or more singles yarn strands with false-twist jets and passing the strands around a yarn wheel whereon the nodes are joined. The strands leave the wheel and ply together. The plied yarn is collected and can be tufted into carpet. The pressure of the fluid (air) supplied to the false-twist jets is varied to product varying amounts of twist in the singles strands which results in a range of twist amounts in the yarn plied therefrom, thereby avoiding streak effects in products made from the yarn.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for forming S-Z twisted strand units which comprises a frame and an elongated body mounted to the frame for rotation about a longitudinal body axis. The body is comprised of an assembly of tubules extending side by side longitudinally between opposite body ends. A first twisting head is rigidly mounted to one end of the elongated body which has a sheave mounted for rotary movement about a sheave axis transversing the longitudinal body axis. A second twisting head is rigidly mounted to the other end of the body having another sheave mounted for rotary movement about another sheave axis which transverses the longitudinal body axis. Means are also provided for rotating the elongated body in alternate directions about the longitudinal body axis.

Abstract: For the layer-wise SZ-stranding of elements to be stranded about a core strand, the elements to be stranded are first temporarily cabled onto the core strand with a long lay and alternating direction of lay, subsequently roped down from the core strand by means of a first cabling disc and fed, parallel to the core strand, to a second, oscillating cabling disc by means of which the final stranding is accomplished. The two cabling discs advantageously form the end faces of a twisting cage which revolves with alternating direction of rotation, with the distance of a first twisting closer, into which the core strand and the elements to be cabled enter, from the first cabling disc and the distance of the first cabling disc from the second cabling disc larger than the distance of the twist reversal points in the finished stranded material.

Abstract: A method of forming a self-twisted fibrous structure comprises twisting two strands of similar count such that each has repeated along its length alternating zones of opposite twist, converging the strands at a convergence point such that they partly untwist around one another to form a self-twisted structure and acting on the strands at or downstream of the convergence point by applying further alternating zones of opposite twist so as to modify the strand to ply twist ratio of the structure. The further twist is applied at a point not greater than one half cycle length from the first twist point and at a phase difference 20.degree. to 60.degree. following.

Abstract: In order to avoid troublesome length differences between the core and the outer layer in the S-Z twisting of five or more elements to be twisted, the average value of the input twist is chosen equal to the average value of the resulting S and Z twist.

Abstract: An optical cable is assembled by inserting dielectric optical waveguides into periodically reversing helical grooves in the surface of a central filament. The invention is concerned with minimizing longitudinal tension in the waveguides. Powered rollers draw dielectric optical waveguide from fixed reels and delivers it, in a slack condition, to a guide unit which is mounted by means of a thrust bearing. The guide unit supports rods with apertures at their ends through which dielectric optical waveguide is guided, the rod ends being disposed within the grooves so that respective dielectric optical waveguides and grooves are maintained circumferentially coincident. Cable is drawn downstream of the guide unit to pull the filament and dielectric optical waveguides together at the guide unit and also to reciprocally drive the guide unit. As the filament, with dielectric optical waveguides positioned in its grooves, exits the guide unit, it is helically wound with tape.

Abstract: Self-twisted yarn is packaged on a take-up device to prevent loss or modification of the twist previously imparted to the yarn by maintaining the yarn in a substantially rotation-free state as it is guided onto the take-up device. This is accomplished by wrapping the yarn around an elongated guide rod as it is fed to the take-up device under tension or by controlling the tensioned free length of the yarn as it is guided onto the take-up device to preclude rotation of the nodes or points of twist reversal in the yarn.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming strands into twisted strand units having a twist direction that reverses from section to section wherein the strands are advanced side-by-side successively through first and second mutually spaced twister heads. The strands are formed into twisted strand units by the steps of operating the twister heads simultaneously by revolving the twister heads in a common rotary direction about the strands at substantially the same speed of head revolution thereby causing a first progression of twists of one lay direction to pass from the first twister head towards the second twister head, and a second progression of twists of opposite direction lay to emanate from the second twister head. Twisting operations by the first and second twister heads are simultaneously terminated as the leading end of the first progression of twists reaches the second twister head and a trailing end of the second progressing of twists emanating therefore.

Abstract: Singles yarns are formed from a synthetic material, twisted in one direction, heat-set, cooled and false-twisted in the opposite direction. Two similarly treated strands are joined at their nodes and plied, resulting in an improved ply-twist singles twist ratio. The first twisting and heat-setting can be done concurrently using jet twisting with steam, and apparatus for accomplishing this is disclosed.

Abstract: False-twisted yarn strands are separately carried around a guide wheel and the nodes thereof are brought together and locked by applying heat to the nodes and pressing them together, after which the strands are self-twisted. Embodiments include a cam actuated clamping device which holds the yarns in an ultrasonic transducer to which energy is supplied to accomplish the welding. Devices using resistance heating and laser impulses are also disclosed.

Abstract: In the SZ twisting of conductors of electrical cables followed by extrusion of a plastic sheath in the same operation, an untwisting of the reversal points of the twist direction in the area of the cooling section of the extruder is prevented by guiding the extruded sheath immediately behind the extruder in such a manner as to be secured against torsion.

Abstract: False-twisted yarn strands are separately carried around a guide wheel and the nodes thereof are brought together and locked by mechanical entanglement, after which the strands are self-twisted. Embodiments of entanglement joining devices include reciprocating friction plates which rub the fibers together and twist them, causing joining, the plates being carried on the guide wheel. A needle punching device carried by the wheel is disclosed, the needles being reciprocated by a cam structure within the wheel. In a third embodiment edges of oppositely rotating overlapping discs contact and twist fibers in the node area, causing entanglement.

Abstract: False-twisted yarns are continuously fed to a locking mechanism on a rotating guide wheel. The locking device has a clamping shoe for engaging the yarn, after which the direction of false twist is reversed. Two additional clamping shoes then engage the yarn upstream and downstream of the first clamping point. The first shoe is then retracted to permit the twist between the additional shoes to cancel, and a fluid vortex is used to entangle the yarn filaments, locking the node.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a core/skin or core/sheath yarn, whose skin- or sheath-forming filament is wrapped around the core yarn in alternating "S" and "Z" directions. It relates furthermore to a device to carry out the process using otherwise known single spindle friction falsetwisting units.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for imparting false twists to two yarns simultaneously. The significance of the invention resides in that an industrially utilizable method for false twisting yarns by frictional contact of two yarns with 4 rotating frictional discs has been provided. The apparatus of the present invention for practising the false twisting method is characterized in that the angle of contact of yarns with the frictional discs is maintained within a specific range and the frictional discs are attached to four shafts in specific order at specific heights. Various processes for preparing a variety of false twist yarns by utilizing the false twisting method and apparatus of the present invention have been established.

Abstract: A plurality of elongated elements is maintained at a distance from one another by a spacing element, joined together at an inlet nipple, and twisted in the same twisting direction at a constant twisting speed by a twisting head located downstream of the inlet nipple, to emerge from the twisting head through an outlet nipple. The distance of the spacing element from the inlet nipple is cyclically varied by displacing the spacing element at a displacement speed which is lower than the advancement speed of the elements. The displacement speed is increased to the advancement speed during the displacement of the spacing element from a terminal position of a trajectory of displacement of the separating element which is more remote from the twisting head than the other terminal position, in a section of the trajectory having a length which is a predetermined fraction of the length of the trajectory.

Abstract: Self-twist plural yarn strands are produced by a system wherein at least two singles yarn strands are individually twisted to form twisted strands each having longitudinally spaced nodes, and strands are brought together in a parallel relationship with the nodes of one strand substantially aligned with the nodes of each other strand. The corresponding nodes from one strand are fastened to those of each other strand, and the strands are allowed to ply. The node fastening means comprises a rotating member having a contact surface for fastening the nodes by gathering and twisting of the fibers from one strand with those of another strand at the nodes of each respective strand. Ply yarn twist uniformity is assured through the use of improved twist insertion jets, together with a means for holding singles yarns separate to allow longitudinal levelling of singles yarn torque prior to plying.