Abstract: A friction spinning apparatus and process use at least one perforated roller enclosing a suction sleeve having the static pressure applied along its suction slot changing between a tip end of the fibre bundle forming the yarn and a downstream location of the fibre bundle whereby the tip end is subjected to a weaker suction effect holding it against the surface than is the stronger downstream part of the fibre bundle.

Abstract: Apparatus for making a high-strength yarn from a drawn roving comprises a twisting device for twisting the roving is as well as a separate winding device, which serves to wind protruding fiber ends around the roving and comprises a guide gap which is tapered transversely to the direction of travel of the roving in said gap and is bounded by sliding surfaces in contact with the roving.

Abstract: An open end friction spinning device with two friction rollers driven in the same rotational direction and arranged adjacent one another to form a yarn producing wedge slot is disclosed. Single opened fibers are guided via a fiber feed channel subjected to a transport air stream. To facilitate and improve alignment of fibers in the wedge slot, a suction device for creating an auxiliary air flow in the draw-off direction of the yarn is provided in the area of the mouth of the fiber feed channel.

Abstract: Friction spinning apparatus comprises two rollers arranged in parallel closely spaced relationship so as to define therebetween adjacent the line of closest approach a throat and a fibre feed means for feeding fibres into the throat for twisting into yarn as shown in G.B. No. 2042599. The surface of each of the rollers has a roughness characteristic at most 250 micro inches (6.25 microns) and the roller having its surface moving from the fibre feed means into the throat has a roughness less than that of the other roller by from 20 to 100 micro inches (0.5 to 2.54 microns).

Abstract: Two adjacently arranged friction rollers are disposed to form a yarn forming wedge slot. Cover shells for the rollers are respectively directly carried by roller bearings at an axle. The axles are formed as hollow axles through which a suction flow in the region of the wedge slot is created. The drive for the rollers results by means of a direct tangential belt drive on the surface of the shells in the region of one of the roller bearings.

Abstract: Open-end friction spinning apparatus is disclosed which includes a plurality of commonly driven spinning units arranged adjacent one another and each including a friction roller pair defining a yarn forming wedge slot therebetween. To facilitate cleaning of the friction rollers, pneumatically operated cleaning nozzles are provided for each friction roller to be cleaned. Some arrangements have the cleaning nozzles fixedly disposed at each spinning unit, with actuating valves being controllable by a mobile servicing unit. In other arrangements the pneumatic cleaning nozzles are carried by a mobile servicing unit and are selectively moved to cleaning positions adjacent the friction rollers of respective spinning units to be cleaned.

Abstract: An open end friction spinning machine is disclosed which is made up of a plurality of adjacently arranged spinning units with respectively two spinning rollers forming a spinning wedge throat or slot and a fiber inlet and opening device. The two spinning rollers are advantageously disposed parallel to another and are arranged in a common bearing housing that forms a first construction unit. A second construction unit is formed by the respective inlet and opening device. These construction units are attached at a machine frame to be independently moveable with respect to one another. Between the two construction units thee is a pivotable intermediate piece, which in its driving position holds both of the construction units in their respective driving position and which automatically brings the construction units out of their driving position upon movement away of the intermediate piece through an adjusting arrangement.

Abstract: An open end friction spinning machine is disclosed which includes plurality of adjacently arranged spinning units which each have a pair of friction rollers forming a yarn twisting wedge slot. To accommodate cleaning of the friction rollers a mobile servicing cart is provided which is movable longitudinally along the machine to respective servicing positions adjacent spinning units to be cleaned. The servicing cart includes cleaning elements engageable with the rollers to clean them and air suction and blowing devices to assist in the cleaning and removal of contaminants.

Abstract: An unusual spun yarn is produced by feeding fibers or a sliver or roving into the interior of a hollow shaft. The shaft includes a perforated portion, and a vacuum is applied at the exterior of the shaft. The shaft is mounted for free rotation about an axis coincident with the direction of movement of the fibers through the shaft, and blades extend radially from the perforated portion of the shaft. When the rotates at high velocity under the influence of the vacuum it produces the unusual spun yarns.

Abstract: Apparatus for making a yarn comprises two juxtaposed, closely spaced apart suction drums, which are rotated in the same sense and each of which contains a suction insert, which is formed with a suction slot that faces the generally triangular space between the two suction drums. To permit the use of a lower suction flow rate and to ensure that this will not adversely affect the quality of the resulting yarn, each suction insert is mounted to be rotatable about the axis of the associated suction drum and positioning drive means are provided, which serve to rotate the suction inserts in mutually opposite senses and comprise two worm wheels, which are secured to respective stub shafts, which protrude axially from the suction drums and are secured to respective ones of the suction inserts, and two worm-carrying shafts, which are in mesh with respective ones of said worm wheels.

Abstract: A method for open-end spinning, in an apparatus having a stationary fiber-collecting groove formed therein with two ends and a bottom, includes continuously carrying and transporting fibers into the stationary fiber-collecting groove with an airstream, continuously venting the bottom of the groove, withdrawing the fibers from one end of the groove, and continuously uniting the fibers to form a thread, and an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract: Apparatus for withdrawing a thread from a spinning station comprises at least two withdrawing rollers, which are preceded by a reciprocating thread guide and are succeeded by a winding device, which comprises a traversing device. In order to ensure that a reciprocating motion will be imparted to the thread guide, the latter is provided on one arm of a double-armed lever, which is freely rotatably mounted and provided on its other arm with another thread guide which is disposed between the withdrawing rollers and the traversing device.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to open end friction spinning devices of the type having fibers supplied in an air stream to a yarn forming slot between two friction rollers driven in the same rotational direction. Auxiliary air supply arrangements are described for supplying an air flow to counteract the tendency of fibers to adhere to the friction roller rotating outwardly from the yarn forming slot. These auxiliary air supply arrangements also aid in returning and properly aligning fibers in the yarn forming region of the yarn forming slot.

Abstract: Friction spinning apparatus for producing a composite yarn has a groove or recess formed in at least one of the friction spinning rollers, to receive a strand guide tube which can then guide a core strand directly to the yarn formation line substantially at the nip between the rollers.

Abstract: A method of open-end spinning a yarn formed of two different types of fibers of staple fiber and a yarn formed thereby in which most of the outer fibers are formed of one type of fiber and most of the inner fibers are formed of the other component. The types of fibers are integrally linked by orienting and distributing the fibers as they approach the open end such that they lie substantially parallel to the open end and overlapping whereby part of some of the fibers of the inner type of fiber wrap around some of the fibers of the outer type of fiber.

Abstract: A friction spinning apparatus comprises two rollers in closely spaced parallel arrangement which define between them a yarn formation zone at an elongate gap along the rollers and a feed duct which extends into the gap so as to feed fibres directly into the gap in such a manner that they can fall directly onto the yarn. The feed duct is formed as two separate parts slightly toward the roller which turns into the gap so as to increase the proportion of fibres joining the yarn at the junction with that roller, one of which includes a planar jointing face of the feed duct and a co-planar first side wall of the fibre feed duct passage in the feed duct, and the other is a complex part defining the other walls of the fibre feed passage as well as a second planar jointing face.

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacturing a yarn comprises two juxtaposed closely spaced apart suction drums, which rotate in the same sense and have confronting suction zones for producing a suction flow. This pulls the yarn more deeply into the triangular space between the suction drums. A drawing frame for drawing a roving that is to be pulled through the triangular space between the suction drums is disposed near one end of the suction drums. To permit the manufacture of a strong yarn without a supply of covering fibers, the two suction drums are provided with peripherally extending, confronting annular zones for roughening the roving and pulling ends fibers out of the roving. These annular zones are axially spaced from that end of the suction drums from which the yarn is withdrawn.

Abstract: A friction spinning apparatus comprises two rollers in closely spaced parallel arrangement which define between them a yarn formation zone at an elongate gap along the rollers and a feed duct which extends into the gap so as to feed fibres directly into the gap in such a manner that they can fall directly onto the yarn. The feed duct is biassed slightly toward the roller which turns into the gap so as to increase the proportion of fibres joining the yarn at the junction with that roller.

Abstract: This friction spinner includes an opening roller system for feeding fibers to and through a feed duct to a throat formed between the adjacent peripheral surfaces of two parallel drum rollers rotating in the same direction, one roller perforate so that air may be drawn thereinto through its peripheral surface, and the other imperforate, and rotating such that the imperforate roller rotates out of the throat and the perforate roller rotates into the throat when viewed from above. Yarn formed at the throat, by frictional contact of the fed fibers with the rotating surfaces, is withdrawn along the throat. The fiber feed duct is arranged to feed the fibers in an airstream having a direction inclined to the yarn axis of yarn being formed at the throat and providing a component of fiber movement opposite to the direction of yarn withdrawal, which is to say transverse thereto.

Abstract: A friction spinning apparatus including two rollers defining between them an elongate yarn formation area from which yarn is drawn axially of the rollers, has a fibre feed duct extending to a position between the rollers and closely adjacent the yarn formation area. The fibre feed duct includes a surface along each side adjacent the respective roller which surface is curved to follow the curvature of the adjacent portion of the roller.

Abstract: The yarn formation area of a friction spinning apparatus, in which the rotating friction rollers and the feed duct lie closely adjacent, is quickly and simply cleaned of remaining fibres at a yarn break and protection is provided against damage caused by excess fibres entering the area. One of the rollers, which is imperforate, is mounted for pivotal movement away from the area and at a break suction through the other roller is temporarily closed off from one end of the area toward the opposite end to eject the remaining fibres. Return movement of the roller is guided to ensure proper return to the operating position.

Abstract: A roller for a friction spinning apparatus comprises a hollow perforated base member of aluminium or similar material, with a chrome dioxide plasma coating at most 0.004 inch. The perforations are at most 0.03 inch in diameter and provide a ratio of hole to total area of at least 25%. The thickness of the base member is at most 0.125 inch.

Abstract: Spinning is started on a friction spinning apparatus by drawing the end of yarn back to a position adjacent the surface but in such a condition that it is free from the influence of the suction through the surface. This is done by closing off the suction while the end is in the position so that the yarn is drawn by an additional suction source into an adjacent position. The yarn end is drawn from one end of the surface to lie along the surface by gradually closing off the suction from that end toward the opposite end. Subsequently the suction is reopened to bring the yarn end under its influence to draw the end onto the surface so the fibre feed and take-up can be restarted.

Abstract: The object of the process is to produce a yarn comprising a core of continuous filament and a sheath of staple fibers. The staple fibers are delivered to a suction surface comprising a perforated collecting surface exposed to relative suction in a suction zone, the fibers being conveyed in a current of air moving virtually at right angles to the surfaces of two counter-rotating friction discs having narrowly spaced opposing faces defining a gap. From the suction zone, the staple fibers are transferred, generally at right angles to the axis of the current of air, into the gap. The continuous filament is united with the staple fibers in the suction zone, and both components are twisted in the gap between the counter-rotating friction discs.

Abstract: A composite yarn comprising a component of staple fibres and a component formed by a continuous strand is spun on a friction spinning apparatus. Staple fibres are fed to a twisting zone where the fibres are twisted to form a staple strand with one end open. The continuous strand is joined with the staple strand at a position within a portion of the staple strand which is in the process of being twisted, and such that fibres are joined with the staple strand both upstream and downstream of the joining position and some fibres join with the staple strand on both sides of the joining position. In this way a yarn is formed with some fibres forming an inner core twisted with the continuous strand, with some fibres forming on outer sheath around the core and continuous strand and some fibres having part of their length in the core and part in the sheath.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and articles for composite electroless coatings comprising at least two distinct layers, the first layer comprising a metal and/or a metal alloy plus particulate matter and the second layer comprising a metal and/or a metal alloy and being substantially free of particulate matter.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and articles for composite electroless coatings comprising at least two distinct layers, the first layer comprising a metal and/or a metal alloy plus particulate matter and the second layer comprising a metal and/or a metal alloy and being substantially free of particulate matter.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for the production of fancy yarn includes the supply of elongate fancy material pieces (17) by gas under pressure to suction-loaded spinning cylinders (10) which spin the fancy material pieces together with separately supplied basic yarn pieces to form fancy yarn. The fancy material pieces are flung by means of the gas under pressure, which is preferably generated in a jet injector (14), against a screen (7) which is located in the region of the nip between the spinning cylinders. Elongate fancy material pieces which have become rolled together during transport to the screen (7) are straightened out after impingement against the screen (7) by the suction prevailing in the nip of the spinning cylinders (10) whereby the fancy material pieces are given the desired elongate form in the fancy yarn.

Abstract: Apparatus for making a yarn comprises two juxtaposed, closely spaced apart suction drums which rotate in the same sense and a delivery duct which protrudes into the triangular space between the suction drums and has an exit adjacent to the suction zones and serves to deliver through said exit singled covering fibers to a drawn roving, which has been delivered by a drawing frame disposed to said triangular space at one end thereof. The yarn thus formed in the triangular space between the suction drums is withdrawn by withdrawing means disposed from said triangular space at the other end thereof. In order to improve the wrapping of the roving with the covering fibers, the surfaces of the suction drums are rough and have a microstructure which will prevent a positive coupling to individual covering fibers and has a peak-to-valley depth up to one-half of the yarn diameter.

Abstract: In apparatus for making a yarn, two closely juxtaposed suction drums are rotated in the same sense and have suction zones which define a generally triangular space. A drawframe supplies a roving to one end of said triangular space. Withdrawing means are provided for withdrawing a yarn formed from said roving from the other end of said triangular space. Means are provided for supplying covering fibers to a predetermined length zone of said triangular space in a direction which is transverse to the axes of said drums so that said covering fibers cover said roving. To improve the twisting of the roving, means for twisting the roving are provided between the drawframe and said predetermined length zone of said triangular space.