Abstract: The present invention relates to a system oil composition for crosshead diesel engines, the system oil composition having excellent heat resistance and being effective for improvement of fuel efficiency. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system oil composition for crosshead diesel engines in which the system oil composition includes a mineral oil and/or a synthetic oil as a base oil (A) and has a kinematic viscosity of at least 35 mm2/s at 50° C., a high-shear viscosity of at most 45 mPa·s at 50° C., and a high-shear viscosity of at least 15 mPa·s at 70° C.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to vinyl terminated macromer (VTM) based synthetic basestocks and their methods of preparation, lubricant compositions, methods of lubrication and products so lubricated. The VTM based synthetic basestocks useful for fuels and lubricants include oligomerization or polymerization products of one or more allylic vinyl terminated macromers (VTMs) having a molecular weight from 84 to 10080. The one or more allylic VTMs are oligomerized or polymerized in the presence of a catalyst under oligomerization or polymerization conditions sufficient to give the VTM based synthetic basestock. The catalyst can be a metallocene catalyst or an acid catalyst, e.g., Lewis acid. The one or more allylic vinyl terminated macromers (VTMs) can be one or more allylic vinyl terminated atactic polypropylene macromers (VTM aPP) having a molecular weight from 84 to 2250 and having a terminal allylic vinyl olefin content of at least 90%.

Abstract: Methods are provided for obtaining soluble or insoluble poly(iptycenylene vinylene) homo- and co-polymers via a soluble precursor polymer. The polymers obtained by the methods can be used in electronic or opto-electronic devices, e.g., chemosensors.

Abstract: The present invention comprises polymers having optionally substituted aromatic residues in the polymer backbone and/or side chains, useful for the removal and/or dispersion of hydrophilic soils from textiles. The present invention also comprises a method for the removal of hydrophilic soils from textiles comprising the step of contacting the soil with a polymer that comprises optionally substituted aromatic residues in the backbone and/or side chains. The present inventive polymers and method are particularly useful in the context of washing or pretreatment agents that effectively remove red wine, fruit, vegetable, food product, or beverage stains from textiles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 3-phenyl(thio)uracils and -dithiouracils of the formula I where the variables are each as defined in the description, and also intermediates for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymers comprising repeating unit(s) of the formula (I), and their use in electronic devices. The polymers according to the invention have excellent solubility in organic solvents and excellent film-forming properties. In addition, high charge carrier mobilities and high temperature stability of the emission color are observed, if the polymers according to the invention are used in polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs).

Abstract: The subject invention pertains to homogeneous liquid low molecular weight ethylene/alpha-olefin polymers having a number average molecular weight (Mn) as determined by gel permeation chromatography, of less than 25,000, a total crystallinity, as measured by DSC, of less than 10%, and a pour point, as measured by ASTM D97, of less than 50° C. The subject invention also pertains to homogeneous gel-like low molecular weight ethylene/alpha-olefin polymers having a number average molecular weight (Mn) as determined by gel permeation chromatography, of less than 25,000, a total crystallinity, as measured by DSC, of less than 50%, and a pour point, as measured by ASTM D97, of less than 90° C.

Abstract: Methods are provided for obtaining soluble or insoluble poly(iptycenylene vinylene) homo- and co-polymers via a soluble precursor polymer. The polymers obtained by the methods can be used in electronic or opto-electronic devices, e.g., chemosensors.

Abstract: The invention provides low molecular weight or polymeric organic materials in which at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a group of the formula (A) where R is alkyl group, alkoxyalkyl group, alkoxy group, thioalkoxy group, aryl group or alkenyl group, in each of which one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced and one or more nonadjacent carbon atoms may be replaced. Z is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —O—CO— or a bivalent group —(CR1R2)n— in which R1 and R2 are hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or thioalkoxy group, aryl or alkenyl, in each of which one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced and one or more nonadjacent carbon atoms may be replaced, and n is an integer from 1 to 20. X is a bivalent group —(CR1R2)n— and, with the proviso that the number of these A groups is limited by the maximum number of available substitutable hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: A process for converting gaseous alkanes to liquid hydrocarbons wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes is reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid vapor. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid are then reacted over a synthetic crystalline alumino-silicate catalyst, such as a ZSM-5 zeolite, at a temperature of from about 150° C. to about 400° C. so as to form higher molecular weight hydrocarbons and hydrobromic acid vapor. Hydrobromic acid vapor is removed from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. A portion of the propane and butane is removed from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons and reacted with the mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrobromic acid over the synthetic crystalline alumino-silicate catalyst to form C5+ hydrocarbons.

Abstract: An electroluminescent element in which at least one layer containing at least one of novel hydrocarbon compounds with an anthracene ring and a fluorene ring directly bound is held between a pair of electrodes. The compounds can advantageously be used in a luminescent element and provide an organic electroluminescent element having an excellent luminescent efficiency and a long luminescent life.

Abstract: A synthetic lubricant base stock is provided having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of from 5 to about 300 cS and a VI greater than 100. The base stock comprises random co-oligomers of an alpha olefin or mixtures thereof and an olefinic substituted aromatic compound which co-oligomers are prepared in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst.

Abstract: Light emitting compounds are disclosed for use in light emitting devices. These compounds have the formula A compound having the formula: CORE [DENTRITE]n in which CORE represents an atom or group, n represents an integer of at least 1 and DENDRITE, which may be the same or different if n is greater than 1, represents an inherently at least partly conjugated dentritic molecular structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups and alkenyl groups connected to each other via a carbon atom of an alkenyl group to a ring carbon atom of an aryl or heteroaryl group, CORE terminating in the first single bond which is connected to a ring carbon atom of an (hetero)aryl group to which more than one at least partly conjugated dentritic chain is attached, said ring carbon atom forming part of DENDRITE, the CORE and/or DENDRITE being luminescent.

Abstract: Light emitting compounds are disclosed for use in light emitting devices. These compounds have the formula A compound having the formula: CORE-[DENDRITE]n in which CORE represents an atom or group, n represents an integer of at least 1 and DENDRITE, which may be the same or different if n is greater than 1, represents an inherently at least partly conjugated dendritic molecular structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups and alkenyl groups connected to each other via a carbon atom of an alkenyl group to a ring carbon atom of an aryl or heteroaryl group, CORE terminating in the first single bond which is connected to a ring carbon atom of an (hetero)aryl group to which more than one at least partly conjugated dendritic chain is attached, said ring carbon atom forming part of DENDRITE, the CORE and/or DENDRITE being luminescent.

Abstract: A diyne-containing (co)polymer which is soluble in organic solvents, has excellent processability, and gives a cured coating film excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, and low-dielectric characteristics, and mechanical strength; processes for producing the same; and a cured film. The diyne-containing (co)polymer contains at least 10 mol % repeating units represented by the following formula (1) and has a weight-average molecular weight of from 500 to 1,000,000: &Brketopenst;C≡C&Parenopenst;Y&Parenclosest;nC≡C—Ar&Brketclosest;  (1) wherein Y represents a specific bivalent organic group; Ar represents a bivalent organic group; and n represents 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dielectric composition having improved gas absorption for electrical devices which comprises from 99% to 70% by weight of a mineral oil and from 1% to 30% by weight of at least one polyarylalkane composition.

Abstract: Polymeric ligands, polymeric metallocenes, and processes for preparing same are provided. The process for preparing polymeric metallocenes comprises reacting a polymeric ligand, a transition metal compound, and an alkali metal compound. In one embodiment, a process for preparing polymeric ligands comprises reacting at least one bridged cyclopentadienyl-type monomer and an initiator under polymerization conditions. In another embodiment, a polymeric ligand is represented by the formula [Q′]n, wherein Q′ is a unit containing at least one bridged cyclopentadienyl-type group and wherein n is 1-5000.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of catalyzing etherification, esterification, hydration, ether cleavage, isomerization alkylation, or other reactions which are catalyzable with an acid or molecular sieve catalyst. Said reactions are conducted using a novel, dual functional catalyst prepared with active components and a small amount of binder, wherein said dual functional catalyst comprises cylindrical pellets which are molded such that a cross-section or each pellet has a window lattice shape with external teeth, or a star shape with inner spokes.

Abstract: The invention relates to macrocyclic substances which are bioregulatory active and a method for their synthetic production as well as its isolation from various starting materials. The application of these active substances as such or in combination with other active substances for enzyme regulation and bioregulation is also described.

Abstract: The invention provides dispersants and dispersant viscosity index improvers which include polymers of conjugated dienes which have been hydrogenated, functionalized, optionally modified and post treated. The dispersant substances include a copolymer of two different conjugated dienes. The polymers are selectively hydrogenated to produce polymers which have highly controlled amounts of unsaturation, permitting highly selective functionalization. The polymers may be functionalized by hydroformylation followed by reductive amination. Also provided are lubricant fluids, such as mineral and synthetic oils, which have been modified in their dispersancy and/or viscometric properties by means of the dispersant substances of the invention. Also provided are methods of modifying the dispersancy and/or viscometric properties of lubricating fluids such as mineral and synthetic lubricating oils. The dispersant substances may also include a carrier fluid to provide dispersant concentrates.

Abstract: An aromatic dimethylidyne compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X and Y are the same or different and are each an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbons, a phenyl, a cyclohexyl, a naphthyl, or a pyridyl and Ar' is ##STR2## A process for preparing an aromatic dimethylidyne compound which comprises condensing a phosphorus compound and a ketone compound.

Abstract: The invention provides dispersants and dispersant viscosity index improvers which include polymers of conjugated dienes which have been hydrogenated and functionalized. The dispersant substances include compositions including a copolymer of a ring substituted styrene and a conjugated diene. The polymers are selectively hydrogenated to produce polymers which have highly controlled residual amounts of aromatic unsaturation, permitting highly selective functionalization. Also provided are lubricant fluids, such as mineral and synthetic oils, which have been modified in their dispersancy and/or viscometric properties by means of the dispersant substances of the invention. Also provided are methods of modifying the dispersancy and/or viscometric properties of lubricating fluids such as mineral and synthetic lubricating oils. The dispersant substances may also include a carrier fluid to provide dispersant concentrates.

Abstract: The invention provides dispersants and dispersant viscosity index improvers which include polymers of conjugated dienes which have been hydrogenated and functionalized. The dispersant substances include compositions including a copolymer of two different conjugated dienes, a copolymer of a p-alkylstyrene and a conjugated diene, or a homopolymer of a conjugated diene. The polymers are selectively hydrogenated to produce polymers which have highly controlled amounts of unsaturation, permitting highly selective functionalization. Also provided are lubricant fluids, such as mineral and synthetic oils, which have been modified in their dispersancy and/or viscometric properties by means of the dispersant substances of the invention. Also provided are methods of modifying the dispersancy and/or viscometric properties of lubricating fluids such as mineral and synthetic lubricating oils. The dispersant substances may also include a carrier fluid to provide dispersant concentrates.

Abstract: Novel dielectric liquids for such electrical components as transformers, capacitors and cables, especially adopted for low temperature applications, comprise immixtures of benzyltoluene, (methylbenzyl)toluene, benzylxylene and (methylbenzyl)xylene, and optionally include the benzyl or methylbenzyl derivatives thereof; these immixtures are facilely prepared by chlorinating a mixture of xylene and toluene and then adding a catalytically effective amount of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst to the medium of chlorination.

Abstract: Novel dielectric liquids for such electrical components as transformers, capacitors and cables, especially adopted for low temperature applications, comprise a mixture of benzyltoluene and (methylbenzyl)xylene isomers, notably a mixture of benzyltoluene/dibenzyltoluene isomers with (methylbenzyl)xylene/di(methylbenzyl)xylene isomers.

Abstract: Synthesis and characterization of polycarbynes, a new class of carbon-based random network polymers. The network backbones of the polymers are composed of tetrahedrally hybridized carbon atoms, each bearing one substituent and linked via three carbon-carbon single bonds into a three-dimensional continuous random network backbone. Silicon, germanium, tin, lead, Group 13 through Group 16 elements, lanthanides, and Group 4 metals can be incorporated into the polymer backbone. The atomic-level carbon network backbone confers unusual properties on the polymers, including thermal decomposition to form diamond or diamond-like carbon.

Abstract: There is disclosed a linear block copolymer comprising at least one triblock I-B-I, wherein I is a block of at least one polymerized conjugated diene of at least five (5) carbon atoms, such as isoprene, and B is a block of a polymer of at least one conjugated diene, different from that used to polymerize the block I, of at least four (4) carbon atoms, such as butadiene. The B block is selectively hydrogenated, while each of the I blocks is unhydrogenated and therefore retains a sufficient amount of its original unsaturation to vulcanize the copolymer. There is also disclosed an alternative linear block copolymer containing at least one triblock of the first polymer block made from a minor proportion of at least one aryl-substituted olefin, such as styrene, and a major proportion of at least one conjugated diene used to polymerize the block I, the second middle polymer block of at least one diene used to polymerize the block B, and the third polymer block which is the same as the first polymer block.

Abstract: The surfactant of this invention is a compound of general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl group containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl group containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or a propenyl group; A is an alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 1 to 200.

Abstract: Liquid hydrocarbon lubricant viscosity index improver compositions are disclosed having high shear stability. The compositions comprise the homopolymer or copolymer product of the oligomerization of C.sub.3 to C.sub.5 alpha-olefin or mixtures thereof, with or without ethylene as co-monomer. The process is carried out under oligomerization conditions in contact with a reduced valence state Group VIB metal catalyst on porous support. The viscosity index improver of the invention has a regio-irregularity of at least 20%, weight average molecular weight between 6,000 and 30,000 and molecular weight distribution between 2 and 5.

Abstract: Liquid olefin oligomers are produced by the oligomerization of C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alpha olefin alone or with ethylene as a co-monomer. The oligomers having high viscosity index and a structure which is characterized by a regio-irregularity of at least 20 percent, usually from 20 to 40 percent. The olefins are oligomerized with a reduced valence state chromium oxide catalyst on a silica support, usually at a temperature from 90.degree. to 250.degree. C., although lower temperatures can also be used with ethylene as a con-monomer. The liquid oligomerization products can be produced in wide range of viscosities including the direct production of low viscosity lubricants having high viscosity index.

Abstract: A process for producing substantially linear hydrocarbons by oligomerizing a lower olefin at elevated temperature and pressure which comprises contacting the lower olefin under oligomerization/polymerization conditions with siliceous acidic ZSM-23 zeolite having Bronsted acid activity; wherein the zeolite has acidic pore activity and wherein the zeolite surface is rendered substantially inactive for acidic reactions. The zeolite surface can be neutralized by a bulky pyridine compound having an effective cross-section larger than the zeolite pore. The preferred deactivating agent is 2,4,6-collidine, which may be applied to the zeolite as a pretreatment or added with olefin feed in a continuous process. The olefin oligomers may be used as alkylating agents to prepare biodegradable alkylbenzenes and alkylphenylsulfonates. A preferred catalyst for this alkylation reaction is dealuminized mordenite.

Abstract: Synthetic lubricating oils having a predetermined alkylaromatic structure are prepared from a mixture of mono- or dialkenyl benzene with an aliphatic olefin by free-radical reaction in the presence of ditertiary-butyl peroxide, for example. Equivalent napthalene derivatives may be substituted for the dialkenyl benzene. The oils that are formed exhibit a high Viscosity Index, and a low pour point. The viscosity of the synthetic lube stock produced may be controlled by changing the amount of peroxide used.

Abstract: Alpha-olefins such as 1-decene are copolymerized with vinylaromatic monomers, especially styrene or the alkylstyrenes, to produce liquid lubricant oligomers having a broad range of viscosities, high viscosity index(VI), improved thermal stability and additive solubility characteristics. The lubricant oligomers are random copolymers containing recurring units of 1-alkene and vinyl aromatic monomer in mole ratios between 2:1 and 500:1, but preferably between 5:1 and 100:1 and more preferably from about 10:1 to 50:1. The recurring 1-alkene units of the copolymer have a branch ratio of less than 0.19, indicative of a poly 1-alkene segment of the copolymer chain or backbone that is essentially linear. The copolymerization catalyst is a reduced Group VIB metal catalyst on porous support, preferably reduced chromium oxide on a silica support.

Abstract: Polyarylalkane oligomer compositions consisting essentially of a mixture of isomers of xylyl-xylene and of higher homologues and a mixture of isomers of bis(dimethylphenyl)xylylene and of higher homologues; the method of making such compositions by first reacting toluene, xylene, or a mixture of toluene and xylene with chlorine in the presence of a radical generator, removing the unreacted toluene, and then subjecting the reaction product to the action of an inorganic halide or inorganic acid in the presence of xylene, and microcapsules containing color-forming material wherein the compositions are used as solvents for the color-forming material.

Abstract: Polyarylalkane oligomer compositions containing essentially of a mixture of isomers of benzylcumene and its higher homologues and a mixture of isomers of bis(isopropylphenyl)phenylmethane; the method of making such compositions by first reacting chlorine with toluene, xylene, or a mixture of toluene and xylene in the presence of a radical generator, removing the unreacted toluene and/or xylene, and then subjecting the reaction product to the action of an inorganic halide or of an inorganic acid in the presence of a benzene-related compound; and microcapsules containing color-forming material wherein the compositions are used as solvents for the color-forming material.

Abstract: An oil consumption controlling additive for heavy duty diesel engines comprising a polymer.

Abstract: A repair material enabling regrowth of damaged bones is set forth. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, the repair material is polydivinyl benzene in particulate form. The particles are typically random sizes in a specified range, relatively porous, having a relatively high surface area per unit weight, thereby enabling bone growth supported by such particles.

Abstract: Polyarylalkane oligomer compositions comprising a mixture of two oligomers A and B, wherein oligomer A is a mixture of isomers of formula: ##STR1## with n1 and n2=0, 1 and 2, given that n1+n2.ltoreq.3; and oligomer B is a mixture of isomers of formula: ##STR2## with n'1, n"1 and n4=0, 1 and 2, n'2, n"2, n3, n'3 and n5=0 and 1, given that n'1+n"1+n'2+n"2+n3+n'3+n4+n5.ltoreq.2.The invention also comprises the process for the preparation of said oligomer compositions by the action of a halide or inorganic acid on a product of free-radical chlorination of toluene.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel hydrocarbon resins and processes for their preparation. More particularly, the invention relates to a liquid hydrocarbon resin prepared by polymerizing norbornene and xylene with a Friedel-Crafts catalyst. The polymerized resin is hydrogenated to provide water white liquid hydrocarbon resins useful as liquid tackifiers in preparing hot-melt adhesive formulations.

Abstract: Terminally-functional saturated hydrocarbon low molecular weight liquid polymers are prepared by cationic polymerization of a 1-alkene containing at least one tertiary or phenyl substituted carbon in the presence of a transfer agent containing a benzylic or tertiary halogen and at least one primary or secondary halogen wherein the 1-alkene is capable of being polymerized by a Friedel Crafts catalyst.

Abstract: Continuous films are formed on a substrate by coating said substrate with a solution of a diacetylenic prepolymer in a liquid phenylacetylene solvent and reacting the solvent with the prepolymer.

Abstract: A method for preparing a novel polymer which comprises polymerizing a polymerizable material selected from the group consisting of(a) substituted or unsubstituted dicyclopentadiene;(b) a cationically polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon-containing fraction obtained by distilling a cracking or reforming product of a petroleum and having a boiling point in the range of -20.degree. C. to 280.degree. C.;(c) a cationically polymerizable vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon having 8 to 10 carbon atoms;(d) a mixture of two or three of ingredients (a), (b) and (c); and(e) a mixture of any one of ingredients (a) to (d)with a cationically polymerizable unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having 4 to 10 carbon atoms in the presence of a cationic polymerization catalyst; wherein a high-boiling product having a boiling point of at least about 150.degree. C. and an oxygen content of at least 0.