Abstract: The invention relates to a lubricant comprising a diester of adipic acid with a tridecanol mixture which comprises 20 to 60% of at least triply branched tridecanols, 10 to 50% doubly branched tridecanols, and 5 to 30% singly branched and/or linear tridecanols, and where the percentages are determined by gas chromatography.

Abstract: A process for olefin oligomerization can include contacting a feedstock comprising Cn and C2n olefins/paraffins under oligomerization conditions in the presence of an oligomerization catalyst, wherein n is 2 to 15; and recovering an oligomeric product comprising C3n oligomers having a branching index of less than 2.1. Optionally, the feedstock can further comprise C3n olefins/paraffins.

Abstract: An aluminum-rich molecular sieve material of MFS framework type, designated SSZ-123, is provided. SSZ-123 can be synthesized using 1-ethyl-1-[5-(triethylammonio)pentyl]piperidinium cations as a structure directing agent. SSZ-123 may be used in organic compound conversion and/or sorptive processes.

Abstract: A process and system for the conversion of a feedstock comprising C3-C5 light alkanes to a C5+ hydrocarbon product, for example, a BTX-rich hydrocarbon product, by performing the alkane activation (first-stage) and the oligomerization/aromatization (second-stage) in separate stages, which allows each conversion process to occur at optimal reaction conditions thus increasing the overall hydrocarbon product yield. The alkane activation or first-stage is operated at a higher temperature than the second-stage since light alkanes are much less reactive than light olefins. Since aromatization of olefins is more efficient at higher pressure, the second-stage is maintained at a higher pressure than the first-stage. Further, fixed-bed catalysts are used in each of the first-stage and the second-stage.

Abstract: Process and plant for recovering LPG in a refinery process combining the use of sponge absorber, deethanizer and debutanizer. The process and plant enable high LPG recovery and removal of hydrogen sulphide in the LPG product to low levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the dimerization of alkenes comprising (1) providing a gas stream comprising one or more alkenes; and (2) contacting the gas stream provided in (1) with a catalyst for obtaining a mixture M1 comprising one or more dimerization products of the one or more alkenes, wherein the catalyst in (2) comprises a zeolitic material having a framework structure type selected from the group consisting of MOR, BEA, FER, MFI, TON, FAU, and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein the framework structure of the zeolitic material comprises YO2, wherein Y stands for one or more tetravalent elements.

Abstract: A novel catalyst composition and its use in the oligomerization reaction converting a portion of a C4 to C5+ alkene feed stream to C4 to C6+ olefin derivatives. The catalyst comprises a Group VIII metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, iron, cobalt, and combinations thereof, on a support. The support can be silica, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, metal modified silica, silica-pillared clays, silica-pillared micas, metal oxide modified silica-pillared mica, silica-pillared tetrasilicic mica, silica-pillared taemolite, zeolite, molecular sieve, and combinations thereof. The catalyst composition is an active and selective catalyst for the catalytic oligomerization of alkenes to olefins and olefin derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to drilling fluid comprising one or more linear internal olefin having from 15 to 18 carbon atoms and containing less than 25% branching based on the total amount of the linear internal olefin and a hydrogenated Fischer-Tropsch derived product.

Abstract: The selective dimerization of isoolefins, such as isobutene or isopentane, or mixtures thereof, may be conducted in a system including a series of fixed bed reactors and a catalytic distillation reactor. The system may provide for conveyance of the fixed bed reactor effluents, without componential separation, to a downstream reactor. It has been found that a high selectivity to the dimer may be achieved even though intermediate separation of the desired product from unreacted components between reactors is not performed. Further, embodiments provide for use of a divided wall column for recovery of a high purity dimer product, reducing unit piece count and plot size.

Abstract: Oligomerization of C3- to C5-olefins using a catalyst is inhibited, wherein the oligomerization is carried out in at least one reaction stage including at least one reactor and at least one distillation column, and wherein the oligomer content in the feed stream to the at least one reactor of the at least one reaction stage is at least 1% by weight.

Abstract: An aviation biofuel component including 90.0 vol % or more of isoparaffins of C10 to C12 and 30.0 vol % or more of isoparaffins which are at least C10 or C12.

Abstract: An oligomerization catalyst, oligomer products, methods for making and using same. The catalyst can include a supported nickel phosphate compound. The catalyst is stable at oligomerization temperatures of 500° C. or higher and particularly useful for making oligomer products containing C4 to C26 olefins having a boiling point in the range of 170° C. to 360° C.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst composition which comprises dealuminated ZSM-48 and/or EU-2 zeolite and a refractory oxide binder essentially free of alumina, processes for preparing such composition and processes for converting hydrocarbon feedstock with the help of such compositions.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for making gasoline. The method includes converting a resid-containing feed to a first fuel gas and a fluid coke in a fluidized bed reactor; gasifying the fluid coke with steam and air to produce a second fuel gas, said second fuel gas comprising a syngas; contacting the first fuel gas with a first conversion catalyst under first effective conversion conditions to form an effluent comprising C5+ hydrocarbon compounds; and converting the syngas to gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons by converting the syngas to a methanol intermediate product.

Abstract: Methods and systems for converting hydrocarbons including exposing a portion of a hydroperoxide-containing feed including tert-butyl hydroperoxide to a solid deperoxidation catalyst under decomposition conditions to form an oxidation effluent comprising tert-butyl alcohol, wherein the solid deperoxidation catalyst comprises a manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve, are provided herein. Further methods and systems for converting the oxidation effluent to an alkylation product are also provided herein.

Abstract: Process for converting an olefin containing hydrocarbon feed into an oligomerization product or a hydrogenated oligomerization product, comprising contacting the feed in a reactor with an oligomerization catalyst under conditions suitable to oligomerize the olefin to obtain an oligomerization product and optionally hydrogenating the oligomerization product wherein the content of the at least one C4-, C5-, C6- or C7-cyclic olefin in the feed is controlled.

Abstract: A method for oligomerizing an olefin comprising performing a multimerization reaction of an olefin in the presence of an oligomerization catalyst system comprising a ligand compound, a transition metal compound and a co-catalyst, and controlling a reaction temperature during the multimerization reaction in a range of 30 to 150° C., such that a product of the multimerization reaction comprising 1-hexene and 1-octene has a predetermined value of a weight ratio of 1-hexene and 1-octene selected from a range of 1:0.5 to 1:7.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion catalyst composition which comprises dealuminated ZSM-48 and/or EU-2 zeolite and a refractory oxide binder essentially free of alumina, processes for preparing such composition and processes for converting hydrocarbon feedstock with the help of such compositions.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for forming alkylate from a tertiary alcohol feed. Olefins for the alkylation reaction can be generated from a portion of the tertiary alcohol feed. The tertiary alcohol feed can be obtained, for example, by selective oxidation to convert a portion of an isoparaffin-containing feed into alcohol, such as conversion of isobutane to t-butyl alcohol. The alcohol can then be converted to an alkene, such as conversion of t-butyl alcohol to isobutene, in the alkylation reaction environment in the presence of a solid acid catalyst. The solid acid catalyst can then facilitate dimerization of the alkenes (e.g. isobutene) to form C8+ olefins (e.g. isooctene). A catalyst having an MWW framework is an example of a suitable solid acid catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of reducing the propensity of a diesel fuel composition to take up zinc when exposed to zinc during storage and/or transportation, the method comprising formulating a diesel fuel composition to be stored or transported in contact with zinc such that said diesel fuel composition has an aniline point greater than 80° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing molecular sieves, such as ZSM-57, using one or more structure directing agents selected from the group consisting of N1,N1,N5,N5-tetraethyl-N1,N5-dimethylpentane-1,5-diaminium, 1-ethyl-1-(5-(1-methylpiperidin-1-ium-1-yl)pentyl)piperidin-1-ium, 1,1?-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(1-ethylpiperidin-1-ium), and 1,1-diethylpyrrolidin-1-ium.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for converting a heavy feed which is flexible for the production of propylene, gasoline and middle distillate. The process uses a catalytic cracking unit and a unit for the oligomerization of C4 to C9 olefins. The process of the invention includes selective hydrogenation of the unrefined gasoline cut obtained from the catalytic cracking unit and separation between a light gasoline cut and a heavy gasoline cut, the light gasoline being directed to the oligomerization unit.

Abstract: Deactivation of a zeolite catalyst during its use to catalyse the oligomerisation of olefins, is often believed to be a result of the formation of high boiling polymers as by-products. These by-products can remain on the catalyst and undergo further conversion to higher molecular weight polymers, which resemble heavy tars and in some cases even have the appearance of coke-like material. These materials can coat the catalyst particles and plug pores in the catalyst, thereby causing catalyst deactivation. The invention relates to an improved method for regenerating such a catalyst.

Abstract: A process for oligomerizing isobutene comprises contacting a feedstock comprising isobutene with a catalyst comprising a MCM-22 family molecular sieve under conditions effective to oligomerize the isobutene, wherein said conditions including a temperature from about 45° C. to less than 140° C. The isobutene may be a component of a hydrocarbon feedstock containing at least one additional C4 alkene. In certain aspects, isobutene oligomers are separated from a first effluent of the oligomerization to produce a second effluent comprising at least one n-butene. The second effluent can be contacted with an alkylation catalyst to produce sec-butylbenzene.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized that has been designated UZM-43. These zeolites are similar to previously known ERS-10, SSZ-47 and RUB-35 zeolites but are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes. Catalysts made from these zeolites are useful in hydrocarbon conversion reactions.

Abstract: A method for producing jet-range hydrocarbons includes passing a stream comprising renewable C4 olefins to an oligomerization reactor containing a zeolite catalyst to produce an oligomerized effluent, separating the oligomerized effluent to produce a jet range hydrocarbon stream and a recycle stream comprising C8 olefins, and passing at least a portion of the recycle stream to the oligomerization reactor. A first at least about 10% of the jet-range hydrocarbon stream hydrocarbons boil between n-octane and n-undecane and wherein a second at least about 10% of the jet-range hydrocarbon stream hydrocarbons boil between n-dodecane and n-pentadecane.

Abstract: A new family of coherently grown composites of TUN and IMF zeotypes have been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to TNU-9 and IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous silicometallophosphates designated MAPSO-64 and modified forms thereof have been synthesized. These silicometallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R+rMm2+EPxSiyOz where R is an organoammonium cation such as ETMA+ or DEDMA+, M is an alkaline earth or transition metal cation of valence 2+, and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The MAPSO-64 compositions are characterized by a BPH framework topology and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes, and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: The startup of a tubular reactor containing fresh or regenerated molecular sieve catalyst and cooled by steam generation on the shell side, as part of an olefin oligomerization process, is improved by, during the startup phase of the reactor, controlling the pressure on the shell side of the reactor at maximum 10 barg. The startup may be further improved by controlling the inlet temperature of the hydrocarbon startup stream to the reactor, by controlling the flow of reactant olefins to the reactor, or by controlling the nature and/or concentration of the olefins in the reactor feed.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous metallophosphates designated AlPO-67 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R+rMm2+EPxSiyOz where R is an organoammonium cation such as the ETMA+ or DEDMA+, M is a framework metal alkaline earth or transition metal of valence 2+, and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The AlPO-67 compositions have the LEV topology and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes, and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a hydrocarbon fraction rich in components boiling in the range typical for diesel fuel comprising contacting a feedstock comprising one or more C2 to C10 alkenes with a zeolite catalyst having partially neutralised acidity and a one-dimensional or two dimensional micropore structure consisting of channels made from rings containing between 10 and 12 silicon/aluminium atoms at a temperature in the range 373 to 773 K and pressure in the range 0.1 to 200 bar characterised in that the partially neutralized zeolite catalyst contains both protons and basic cations. The basic cations are preferably selected from the group comprising Group IA and IIA cations (preferably sodium, potassium, caesium or mixtures thereof). Relative to their equivalent fully protonic forms the partially neutralized zeolite catalysts described show improved catalyst life and selectivity to hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a hydrocarbon fraction rich in components boiling in the range typical for diesel fuel comprising contacting a feedstock comprising one or more C2 to C10 alkenes with a modified zeolite catalyst having a one-dimensional micropore structure consisting of channels made from rings containing between 8 and 12 silicon/aluminum atoms at a temperature in the range 100 to 500° C. and pressure in the range 0.1 to 200 bar characterized in that the modified zeolite catalyst is one which has been prepared by treating a corresponding zeolite precursor with an alkaline solution. The alkaline solution used to treat the zeolite precursor can be for example aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Relative to equivalent untreated zeolites the modified zeolite catalysts described show improved catalyst life and selectivity to hydrocarbons boiling in the range 250 to 350° C.

Abstract: A crystalline molecular sieve of MFS framework type manufactured by the method disclosed herein. A hydrocarbon conversion process using the crystalline molecular sieve is disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst that comprises at least one binder and at least one crystallized material with hierarchized and organized porosity in the fields of microporosity and mesoporosity is described, whereby said crystallized material consists of at least two elementary spherical particles, each of said particles comprising a mesostructured silicon-oxide-based matrix that has a mesopore diameter of between 1.5 and 30 nm and that has microporous and crystallized walls with a thickness of between 1 and 60 nm, whereby said elementary spherical particles have a maximum diameter of 200 microns. Said catalyst is used in a process for oligomerization of an olefinic feedstock that contains hydrocarbon molecules that have 2 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a process of producing propylene by contacting ethylene with a catalyst, where propylene is produced with high selectivity. The present invention relates to a production process of propylene, comprising contacting ethylene with a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a zeolite as an active ingredient and an acid content in the outer surface of the zeolite is 5 % or less based on an acid content of the entire zeolite.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized that has been designated UZM-43. These zeolites are similar to previously known ERS-10, SSZ-47 and RUB-35 zeolites but are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes. Catalysts made from these zeolites are useful in hydrocarbon conversion reactions.

Abstract: A new family of aluminosilicate zeolites designated UZM-44 has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: A catalyst is described which comprises at least one IZM-2 zeolite and at least one matrix, said zeolite having a chemical composition expressed as the anhydrous base in terms of moles of oxides by the following general formula: XO2: aY2O3: bMnO, in which X represents at least one tetravalent element, Y represents at least one trivalent element and M is at least one alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal, a and b respectively representing the number of moles of Y2O3 and MnO; and a is in the range 0.001 to 0.5, b is in the range 0 to 1 and n is in the range 1 to 2. Said catalyst is used in various processes for the transformation of hydrocarbon feeds.

Abstract: The conversion and run length for oligomerization of olefins over a molecular sieve catalyst in a tubular reactor is improved by controlling the peak temperature to not exceed 50 degrees C. above the temperature of the temperature control fluid exiting the shell side outlet of the reactor. A tubular reactor containing molecular sieve catalyst is provided with a multipoint thermocouple in at least one tube, and optionally with a bottom design adapted for fast unloading of the molecular sieve catalyst from the tubular reactor.

Abstract: A process for oligomerization of an olefinic feedstock that contains olefinic hydrocarbon molecules that have 2 to 10 carbon atoms per molecule is described, whereby said process comprises bringing said feedstock into contact with a catalyst that comprises at least one amorphous material with hierarchized and organized porosity and consists of at least two elementary spherical particles, each of said particles comprising a mesostructured silicon-oxide-based matrix that has a mesopore diameter of between 1.5 and 30 nm and that exhibits amorphous and microporous walls with a thickness of between 1 and 50 nm, whereby said elementary spherical particles have a maximum diameter of 200 microns.

Abstract: Recycle of a stream comprising C8 oligomers to an oligomerization zone to be oligomerized with C4 olefins can produce diesel range oligomers. A diesel stream can be separated from a gasoline stream which can be recycled to the oligomerization zone.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process and apparatus for switching oligomerization feed between a first oligomerization zone that includes a uni-dimensional small pore zeolite to make more diesel and a second oligomerization zone that includes SPA catalyst for making more gasoline. The diesel can be recycled to make more propylene. The process and apparatus will provide refiners with flexibility to produce the most valuable product commensurate with fluctuating market conditions.

Abstract: A process for separating an oligomerate stream into a vaporous oligomerate stream and a liquid oligomerate bottom stream is followed by recycling the liquid oligomerate bottom stream to an oligomerization zone to maintain the liquid phase therein and to provide unreacted olefins to the oligomerization zone.

Abstract: Disclosed is the addition of C5 olefins to oligomerization feed stream has the counterintuitive effect of reducing the production of heavier oligomers over a uni-dimensional, ten-ring pore zeolite. Consequently, C5 olefins can be added to C4 olefins in an oligomerization feed stream to produce more gasoline and less distillate.

Abstract: A process and apparatus that uses a debutanizer with a side stripper can recover a light stream, an intermediate stream and a liquid stream. One of the intermediate stream and the liquid stream can be recycled to oligomerization or to fluid catalytic cracking.

Abstract: In a process for oligomerizing an olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock comprising at least 65 wt % olefins and/or sulfur-containing molecules, the feedstock is contacted under oligomerization conditions with (a) a first unidimensional 10-ring molecular sieve catalyst and (b) a second multidimensional crystalline molecular sieve catalyst. The first and second catalysts may be contained in separate reactors or as separate beds in a single reactor.

Abstract: Treatment at elevated temperature and advantageously superatmospheric pressure with an inert gas, especially nitrogen, rejuvenates molecular sieve catalysts deactivated by use in liquid-phase or supercritical or dense-phase olefin oligomerization, or by use in aromatic alkylation.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for, and a method of, recovering linear butenes from a mixed feed comprising providing a first mixed feed comprising linear butenes and isobutene; contacting the first mixed feed with an oligomerization catalyst such as an MWW family zeolite in a first oligomerization reactor to produce a second mixed feed comprising the linear butenes, C8 olefins and higher oligomers, and a reduced amount of isobutene relative to the first mixed feed; and separating the second mixed feed to produce a first effluent of first purified linear butenes, and a second effluent of C8 olefins and higher oligomers. The oligomerization reactor may be a converted isobutene-to-methyl-t-butylether reactor.

Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized with a catalyst in which nickel is supported on a support containing silica and alumina. The catalyst has little deterioration over long periods and affords oligomers with high productivity. The ethylene oligomerization catalyst includes a support and a nickel compound supported on the support, the support including silica and alumina, and the amount of nickel supported is in the range of 0.0001 to 1 wt % based on the weight of the support, and the molar ratio of silica to alumina in the support (SiO2/Al2O3) is in the range of 100 to 2000. In a process of the invention, ethylene is oligomerized with use of the catalyst.

Abstract: Described is a process for the treatment of at least one zeolite having a pore size of less than or equal to 7 ? comprising at least a) a step for dealumination of said zeolite, b) a cationic exchange step using at least one cation other than H+, c) a step for treatment of said zeolite obtained in step b) in the presence of at least one molecular compound containing at least one silicon atom, and d) at least one heat treatment step. The present invention also concerns the preparation of a catalyst containing the zeolite treated in accordance with the treatment process the subject-matter of the invention and the use of said catalyst in a process for the oligomerization of an olefinic charge containing hydrocarbon molecules having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule.