Abstract: A power generation system for converting organic material into thermal energy and electric power. A reaction of organic material with supercritical water, —OH radicals, and muon methyl radicals are released from a catalytic bed of silica particles in suspended initially transform the organic material into thermal energy. A Nano monomolecular film located on an interior surface of the reaction chamber interacts with plasma formed by conversion of the organic material into thermal energy to produce ion plasma electromagnetic energy. One or more magnetic-coil generators positioned adjacent to the reaction chamber interacts with the electromagnetic energy to produce electric power.

Abstract: An improved oxidization process may be used to oxidize a wide variety of feedstocks. Oxidation takes place in a reactor where the feedstock is mixed with an oxidizing acid, such as nitric acid. The reaction mixture may also include a secondary oxidizing acid such as sulfuric acid as well as water and/or dissolved and mechanically mixed oxygen gas. The reactor may be maintained at an elevated pressure such as at least approximately 2070 kPa or desirably at least approximately 2800 kPa. The temperature of the reaction mixture may be maintained at no more than 210° C.

Abstract: Provided is a method for remediating arsenic-contaminated soil, including: a collection step of collecting arsenic-contaminated soil; a washing step of adding the collected soil to a washing solution, which is acidic in nature and provides reducing conditions to the soil, so as to remove arsenic from the soil and transfer the removed arsenic to the washing solution; a solid-liquid separation step of separating the soil and the washing solution from each other after the washing step; and a post-treatment step of removing arsenic from the washing solution, which was separated in the solid-liquid separation step, and employing the soil for remediation.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process and plant for the transformation of dangerous wastes containing chromium six as contaminant into non dangerous wastes that can be stored without special care and will be degraded in the environment without time limit. The process basically consists of milling, extracting chromium six in liquid phase and under controlled conditions of stirring, time and temperature, proceeding then, through reduction, to transform the chromium six in chromium three and then precipitating as chromium trioxide, through gasification. The solid resulting from the transformation process can be used as raw material for the manufacturing of firebricks or eventually for the manufacturing of bricks used in the building industry through a process not included in the instant description.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a formulation and associated method for neutralizing one or more toxic chemical and/or materials including toxic industrial chemicals and toxic industrial materials, such as irritants, heavy metals, radioactive metals, acids and acid irritants, pesticides, and various agricultural chemicals, (collectively referred to as toxic chemical, materials, or simply toxins) as well as decontaminating surfaces that have come into contact with these agents. As a result, the formulation of the present invention can be used for neutralizing a broad spectrum of toxic chemicals and materials. In one embodiment, the active ingredient comprises 2, 3, butanedione monoxime (also known as diacetyl monoxime (DAM)), and alkali salts thereof such as potassium 2,3-butanedione monoxime (KBDO). The formulation also typically includes a carrier in which the active ingredient is dispersed.

Abstract: Provided is a method of remediating cyanide-contaminated soil. The method is provided to remediate soil contaminated with cyanide and treat the cyanide, which includes collecting the soil contaminated with first cyanide in a solid state and second cyanide in a gaseous or dissolved state, dissociating cyanide by mixing the soil with an alkali washing solution, dissolving the first cyanide in a solid state in the washing solution, and transferring the second cyanide in a dissolved state dissociated from the soil to the washing solution, dissociating the soil from the washing solution, precipitating the first cyanide in a solid state by acidifying the washing solution containing the cyanide, and performing post-treatment on the first cyanide after the first cyanide precipitated in a solid state is dissociated from the washing solution.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for solidifying and stabilizing waste acid including steps of condensing waste acid containing phosphoric acid to reduce the volume; mixing the condensed waste acid with waste acid containing fluoroboric acid to solidify and stabilize the mixed waste acid. The pH of the mixed acid is adjusted by adding barium hydroxide as a neutralizer. The efficiency of solidifying waste acid can be improved by partially granulating and by adding solidifying agent indirectly. The method of the present invention can prevent intensely exothermic reaction caused by adding solidifying agents. Furthermore, the method of the present invention is controlled in a temperature of 30 to 45° C. to improve the polymerization of the mixed waste acid so that the efficiency of solidification thereof can be also improved.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method for recovering metals such as gallium, indium and aluminum from III-V group compound semiconductors or semiconducting materials thereof containing arsenic, antimony and/or selenium. The method includes the step of adsorbing the arsenic, antimony and selenium selectively to an adsorbent containing the rare-earth metal compound with the use of the adsorbent.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a potentially economically viable process for the destruction of small to large quantities of sulfur and nitrogen mustards and lewisite, their homologous/analogues, and similar chemical warfare agents at ambient conditions without producing any toxic by-products. The process uses the superoxide ion that is either electrochemically generated by the reduction of oxygen in deep eutectic solvents or chemically by dissolving Group 1 (alkali metals) or Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) superoxides, e.g. potassium superoxide, in deep eutectic solvents.

Abstract: Presented herein are compositions including a linear tenso-active surfactant which, upon contact and mechanical stirring of a hydrocarbon body, induces emulsification, resulting in oxidation of fatty acid aliphatic bodies. The compositions solve the problem of hydrocarbon pollution. The hydrocarbon decomposer and its by-products dissolve hydrocarbons present in polluted bodies such as clays, soils, water and sand. Methods of the invention create a residue that is a fertilizer, at room temperature and with no need for high pressure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting an iron-bearing residue generated in a hydrometallurgical process that contains small amounts of soluble heavy metals into a stable form by means of a neutralising agent. The residue is elutriated and the elutriated residue is fed into at least one stabilisation or homogenisation reactor, into which a neutralising agent is also routed, and the homogenous mixing together of the residue and neutralising agent takes place by means of a helix mixer, where the ratio of the diameter of the mixer to the diameter of the reactor is 0.75-0.99.

Abstract: Described are method of treating a radioactive organic waste stream comprising: (a) mixing a radioactive organic waste stream comprising organic compounds and radionuclides with phosphoric acid to form a reaction mixture; (b) heating the reaction mixture to a desired temperature in the presence of an oxidant to oxidize organic compounds present in the waste stream, and removing oxidized organic compounds from the reaction mixture; (c) optionally, adding a reducing agent to the reaction mixture to form insoluble radioactive metal phosphate compounds comprising one or more of the radionuclides, and separating the insoluble radioactive metal phosphate compounds from the reaction mixture; (d) optionally, adding a fluorine compound to the reaction mixture to react with uranium that may be present in the reaction mixture to form uranium hexafluoride, and removing uranium hexafluoride from the reaction mixture; (e) adding ammonia to the reaction mixture to neutralize phosphoric acid and to form ammonium phosphate

Abstract: Provided are a carbon catalyst for decomposing a hazardous substance that effectively decomposes hazardous substances such as aldehydes, a hazardous-substance-decomposing material, and a method of decomposing a hazardous substance. The carbon catalyst for decomposing a hazardous substance is a carbon catalyst having a catalytic activity for decomposing the hazardous substance. The hazardous substance is, for example, a volatile organic compound such as aldehydes or a malodorous substance such as a sulfur compound. The method of decomposing a hazardous substance, is a method including decomposing the hazardous substance with the carbon catalyst for decomposing a hazardous substance or with a hazardous-substance-decomposing material containing the carbon catalyst for decomposing a hazardous substance.

Abstract: A waste elimination apparatus includes a natural gas ignition system, a silica material bed, a heat transfer device, and a system for collecting plasma produced energy. A reaction formed by heat from ignition, carbon from the waste material, supercritical water, —OH radicals, and muons released from the silica bed transform the waste into a fuel. This fuel is more efficiently consumed by the complete combustion process resulting in near total elimination of the waste, increased energy production, and virtually no emissions.

Abstract: A polymeric hypernucleophilic catalyst is effective for hydrolytic destruction of chemical threat agents under mild conditions, e.g., near neutral pH and at ambient temperatures. The polymeric hypernucleophilic catalysts are particularly useful to affect rapid destruction of chemical threat agents on sensitive surfaces such as paint, metal, rubber, plastic, fabric, wood, and skin. Catalyst formulations such as creams, lotions, sprays, foams, powders, or gels, and articles such as filters, wipes, membranes, yarns, fabrics, and articles of clothing, may be used for detoxification of or prophylactic protection against chemical threat agents.

Abstract: A process for treating particulate material containing heavy metal generated during a manufacturing process is disclosed. The process includes providing particulate material containing heavy metal within an enclosed area and mixing an additive of calcium silicate forming material with the particulate material in the enclosed area to create an additive-particulate material. The additive-particulate material can be passed into a waste collection device located downstream of the enclosed area. The calcium silicate forming material can be provided as particles with a particle size of minus 50 to plus 325 mesh. An additional aspect of the invention is an additive for use in such a process for treating metallic oxide impregnated dust, which has a particle size of plus 325 mesh and consists essentially of calcium silicate forming material.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for solidifying and stabilizing waste acid including steps of condensing waste acid containing phosphoric acid to reduce the volume; mixing the condensed waste acid with waste acid containing fluoroboric acid to solidify and stabilize the mixed waste acid. The pH of the mixed acid is adjusted by adding barium hydroxide as a neutralizer. The efficiency of solidifying waste acid can be improved by partially granulating and by adding solidifying agent indirectly. The method of the present invention can prevent intensely exothermic reaction caused by adding solidifying agents. Furthermore, the method of the present invention is controlled in a temperature of 30 to 45° C. to improve the polymerization of the mixed waste acid so that the efficiency of solidification thereof can be also improved.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process and plant for the transformation of dangerous wastes containing chromium six as contaminant into non dangerous wastes that can be stored without special care and will be degraded in the environment without time limit. The process basically consists of milling, extracting chromium six in liquid phase and under controlled conditions of stirring, time and temperature, proceeding then, through reduction, to transform the chromium six in chromium three and then precipitating as chromium trioxide, through gasification. The solid resulting from the transformation process can be used as raw material for the manufacturing of firebricks or eventually for the manufacturing of bricks used in the building industry through a process not included in the instant description.

Abstract: A method for in-situ reduction of contaminants in soil.

Abstract: A method for gas phase application of chlorine dioxide within an enclosed volume that includes the steps of: climatizing the enclosed volume to achieve a relative humidity (RH) in the range of about 5% to about 56%; generating chlorine dioxide gas; and introducing the chlorine dioxide gas under specified conditions of chlorine dioxide gas concentration and contact time, the specified conditions being effective to eliminate contaminants within the closed volume, and further to mitigate corrosion within the enclosed volume during the gas phase application.

Abstract: The invention provides a sorptive sheet material in which finely divided nanocrystalline particles that react with a variety of chemical and/or biological agents are dispersed. The sheet material comprises a fibrous web that is formed of a plurality of fibers that are bonded to each other. The fibrous web contains a relatively high concentration of reactive nanocrystalline particles that are entrapped within the matrix of the fibrous web. Fluids containing toxic agents, such as chemical and/or biological agents, odors and/or odor causing compounds, and toxic industrial compounds, pass into the web and contact the reactive nanocrystalline particles contained therein. The reactive nanocrystalline particles react with, and chemically alter or inactivate the toxic agents. The sorptive sheet material may be used to construct containers, such as remains pouches, for the storing and transporting of contaminated items, particularly human remains.

Abstract: Method for in situ reclamation of an area contaminated by organic compounds, comprising: introducing at least one chelating agent into said area; allowing said chelating agent to diffuse through said area; introducing at least one stabilizing agent; introducing an aqueous solution comprising at least one peroxide.

Abstract: Herein are disclosed adducts of amines and polycarboxylic acids, and methods of making such adducts. Such adducts can be used to remove cyanogen chloride. Also disclosed are methods of providing such adducts on supports to form filter media. Also disclosed are methods of combining such filter media with catalysts and/or with porous polymeric webs to form filter systems.

Abstract: PCBs are removed from contaminated media using a treatment system including zero-valent metal particles and an organic hydrogen donating solvent. The treatment system may include a weak acid in order to eliminate the need for a coating of catalytic noble metal on the zero-valent metal particles. If catalyzed zero-valent metal particles are used, the treatment system may include an organic hydrogen donating solvent that is a non-water solvent. The treatment system may be provided as a “paste-like” system that is preferably applied to natural media and ex-situ structures to eliminate PCBs.

Abstract: Provided is a method of stabilizing and solidifying elemental mercury using sulfur and paraffin. The method includes reacting elemental mercury with sulfur to prepare a mercury sulfide compound, adding a mixture of the mercury sulfide compound and the remaining sulfur after the reaction to high-temperature liquid paraffin to melt the remaining sulfur, and cooling the sulfur to solidify the mercury sulfide compound. According to the method of stabilizing and solidifying elemental mercury using sulfur and paraffin, a surface of a solidified product is covered with a thin paraffin layer to prevent exposure to the outside.

Abstract: A two-component, water based micro encapsulation composition and method for the cleanup of hydrocarbon spills or contaminates on various surfaces and media. The two-part formulation includes a first solution including water in a predetermined ratio of a water soluble alkaline silicate solution having at least one alkali metal and a predetermined ratio of at least one water soluble surfactant; and a second solution including water, a predetermined ratio of water soluble acid, a predetermined ratio of water dispersible polymer, a predetermined ratio of water soluble hydrotrope, and a predetermined ratio of at least one water soluble flocculating agent. A method of using the two-part formulation includes preparing the two-part formulation, allowing the first solution to contact the hydrocarbon or chemical contaminate; allowing the second solution to contact the first solution and contaminate to form a homogeneous mixture; and removing the homogeneous mixture.

Abstract: Methods for removing nuclear waste from a component are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of supplying oxalic acid to the nuclear waste on the component to form an oxalic acid/waste solution, feeding the oxalic acid/waste solution from the component, feeding an oxidant to the oxalic acid/waste solution to form carbon-dioxide, water and a precipitate, and separating the precipitate from the water. A system for removing nuclear waste is also provided.

Abstract: A process and equipment that accelerates the rate at which asbestos is converted into non-asbestos minerals during the process of mineralogical conversion, the process consisting of new methods and equipment for handling the asbestos that promotes absorption of mineralizing agents, increases the heat transfer properties of the asbestos, increases the overall efficiency of the process, and shortens the period of time required for processing.

Abstract: A method of dispersing animal waste includes providing an delivery article for holding a treatment agent, said article constructed and arranged with a source of pressurized gas that forces a treatment agent through an outlet of the delivery article and covers animal waste such that the physical pressure of liquid delivery combined with the chemical composition of the treatment agent is effective in dispersing animal waste.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel method of detoxifying highly toxic chemicals, and treating surfaces contaminated, or potentially contaminated, with toxic chemical agents such as chemical warfare agents and/or industrial toxins. The methods utilizes a novel sorbent compound which comprises Mn(VII) mineral which can be either solid supported or non-solid supported. The Mn(VII) mineral can be provided in a number of different forms including creams, lotions, powders, liquids, slurries and aerosols.

Abstract: A method for restraining a chemical discharge comprising (a) deploying a binding agent into a receptacle containing a hazardous material in a liquid state upon the occurrence of at least one predetermined event that increases the risk of accidentally discharging or leaking the hazardous material from the receptacle; and (b) contacting the hazardous material with the binding agent to form a composition comprising at least a portion of the hazardous material and the binding agent and having at least one property selected from a solid or semisolid state, a viscosity greater than the viscosity of the hazardous material at ambient conditions, a vapor pressure lower than the vapor pressure of the hazardous material at ambient conditions, and a surface tension greater that the surface tension of the hazardous material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the degradation of pollutants in water and/or soil. More specific, the present invention relates to a method for the on-site decontamination or re-mediation of water and/or soil which are contaminated with organic compounds. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for forming a barrier against the spreading of a contamination with pollutants within the water and/or soil, especially within groundwater (aquifer). Further, the invention relates to means for use in these methods, and to the production of such means.

Abstract: High temperature reaction of halogen-containing carbon, boron, silicon and nitrogen compounds with other compounds generates energy.

Abstract: Method and composition for decomposing and detoxifying chemical warfare agents, organic toxic compounds (e.g., pesticides), and for removal of contaminants in materials including fuels. The method and composition are based on ferrate (VI). The ferrate is typically applied to a contaminated surface or volume with a phase transfer catalyst and/or with a carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a harmful material remediating agent comprising a metal oxide and a reducing material, and it can remediate environmental pollutants such as harmful organic compounds and nitrate or nitrite nitrogen-containing compounds efficiently and at low cost.

Abstract: A novel use of delayed reactivity partly prehydrated lime (“DRQL”), which is comprised of 40 to 98% by weight of CaO and of 60 to 2% by weight of Ca(OH)2, preferably of 80 to 92% by weight of CaO and of 20 to 8% by weight of Ca(OH)2, and more preferably of 85 to 90% by weight of CaO and of 15 to 10% by weight of Ca(OH)2, in the field of the separation of solid matter from the liquid of a suspension. The invention also involves a novel method for treating a sludge, in which the solid matter is concentrated, dried and recovered using the delayed reactivity partly prehydrated lime. It additionally relates to, as a novel industrial product, the purified sludge obtained according to the method.

Abstract: A method for in-situ reduction of contaminants in soil.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for extraction of metals selected from Cr, Mo, Pd, Tc, W, Re, and Pu using a new extractant of methyliminobisalkylacetamide represented by a formula (I): CH3—N—(CH2CONR2)2??(I) wherein R represents an alkyl group having 8-12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: To provide a method and apparatus for treating a waste gas containing fluorine-containing compounds, according to which PFCs can be decomposed efficiently even at low temperature, and moreover fluorine from the product of the decomposition can be recovered for reuse efficiently. An embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of treating a gas containing a fluorine-containing compound, comprising contacting the gas with a treatment agent comprising a mixture of aluminum hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: A method of deactivating an explosive composition provided in an explosive cartridge, which method comprises exposing the explosive composition to a deactivating agent that renders the explosive composition insensitive to detonation, wherein the deactivating agent is a chemical.

Abstract: A method of producing an adsorption medium to remove at least one constituent from a feed stream. The method comprises dissolving and/or suspending at least one metal compound in a solvent to form a metal solution, dissolving polyacrylonitrile into the metal solution to form a PAN-metal solution, and depositing the PAN-metal solution into a quenching bath to produce the adsorption medium. The at least one constituent, such as arsenic, selenium, or antimony, is removed from the feed stream by passing the feed stream through the adsorption medium. An adsorption medium having an increased metal loading and increased capacity for arresting the at least one constituent to be removed is also disclosed. The adsorption medium includes a polyacrylonitrile matrix and at least one metal hydroxide incorporated into the polyacrylonitrile matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for reducing mercury, which comprises a reagent comprising any of the sulfites of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium, or any of the phosphates thereof, or a combination of them, as a main reagent of a catalyst component. And the present invention relates to the catalyst for reducing mercury, wherein the catalyst component is mixed with a different salt as an agent for inhibiting crystallization of the catalyst component.

Abstract: An improved oxidization process may be used to oxidize a wide variety of feedstocks. Oxidation takes place in a reactor where the feedstock is mixed with an oxidizing acid, such as nitric acid. The reaction mixture may also include a secondary oxidizing acid such as sulfuric acid as well as water and/or dissolved and mechanically mixed oxygen gas. The reactor may be maintained at an elevated pressure such as at least approximately 2070 kPa or desirably at least approximately 2800 kPa. The temperature of the reaction mixture may be maintained at no more than 210° C.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing metal in soil includes blending slag fines with soil to form a media. The slag fines immobilize metal present in the media and reduce leaching of the metal into water.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing the amount of ammonia evolved from a cementitious or pozzolanic mixture containing contaminated fly ash, including: providing fly ash contaminated with ammonia or ammonium-containing compounds; and adding a halogenated hydantoin to the contaminated fly ash, wherein upon the formation of a slurry, the halogenated hydantoin reacts with ammonia to reduce the evolution of ammonia gas from the slurry. Another method includes adding a halogenated succinimide to the contaminated fly ash, adding sodium dichloroisocyanurate to the contaminated fly ash, or adding a halogenated sulfamate to the contaminated fly ash.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for producing a safely disposable end product from waste matter containing undesirable materials, such as infectious, biohazardous, hazardous, or radioactive elements. The method comprises the steps of providing a highly alkaline solvent, immersing the waste matter containing the undesirable materials within the highly alkaline solvent, and heating the solvent. The waste matter containing the undesirable materials is allowed to remain within the solvent until digested, thereby forming a solution void of any infectious or biohazardous elements and/or containing a decreased concentration of radioisotope.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hazardous substance-removing material comprised of a support on which is supported an antibody, the support comprising a layer comprised of polyolefin fiber and a layer comprised of at least one other fiber, and the antibody being supported on the other fiber, which affords a high capture rate and permits long-term use, in which the antibody is efficiently utilized.

Abstract: Presented herein are compositions including a linear tenso-active surfactant which, upon contact and mechanical stirring of a hydrocarbon body, induces emulsification, resulting in oxidation of fatty acid aliphatic bodies. The compositions solve the problem of hydrocarbon pollution. The hydrocarbon decomposer and its by-products dissolve hydrocarbons present in polluted bodies such as clays, soils, water and sand. Methods of the invention create a residue that is a fertilizer, at room temperature and with no need for high pressure.

Abstract: Oxidative sorbents are provided for adsorbing elemental or oxidized mercury from mercury-containing fluids such as flue gas from a coal-burning power utility or the like at a temperature range of about 50 to 350° C. The method of preparing and using the oxidative sorbents is also provided. The oxidative sorbent compositions include one or more silicates capable of cation exchange with a plurality of active metal cations and their counter anions. The silicates may include those selected from clays such as montmorillonite, laumonite, bentonite, Mica, vermiculite and kaolinite, and from silica gels, natural and synthetic molecular sieves, zeolites, and ashes from stoker- and pulverized coal-fired boilers. The one or more oxidative metal halides and/or sulfates may be selected from the group consisting of CuCl, CuBr, CuCl2, CuBr2, CuSO4, FeCl2, FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, NiCl2, and NiSO4. The oxidative sorbents may also include activated carbon.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating a waste material, the method including: admixing a waste material with a reagent in an enclosed mixing device to form a solid waste; and collecting vapors from the waste material during the admixing; and collecting the solid waste from an outlet of the enclosed mixing device. Also disclosed is a system for treating a waste material, the system including: an enclosed mixing device having at least one inlet, at least one outlet, and a mixing zone for admixing a waste material and a reagent fed to the at least one inlet to form a disposable waste material recovered via the at least one outlet; a vapor recovery system for collecting a vapor from at least a portion of the enclosed mixing device; and a fluid conduit for transporting vapor from the at least a portion of the enclosed mixing device to a vapor recovery system.