Abstract: A combined emission control device and exhaust gas heat exchanger for connection to the exhaust gas flow from an engine of a motor vehicle is disclosed having a number of exhaust gas transfer passages and a number of coolant passages so as to permit heat to be transferred from exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas heat exchanger to coolant used to supply heating for a cabin of the motor vehicle. The exhaust gas heat exchanger includes a tapping to permit cooled exhaust gas to be extracted for use in a Low Pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation system. The exhaust gas heat exchanger thereby provides dual functionality being able to recuperate heat for use in a cabin heater and cool exhaust gas for use in the Low Pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation system.

Abstract: Generally a power unit including an internal combustion engine and a Stirling engine engaged through a common power transmission system to offset applied load. Specifically, a Stirling engine which uses the heat discharged by an internal combustion engine as heat source with the engine speed of the Stirling engine controlled by a combination of regulation of fuel consumption of and application of an exhaust brake to the internal combustion engine to transfer a compressive load of the internal combustion engine to the Stirling engine through the common power transmission system.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine is proposed, in whose exhaust gas zone a particle filter is disposed, which is cyclically loaded with particles and thermally regenerated, as well as an apparatus for the implementation of the method, which prevents thermal overload of the particle filter after turning off the internal combustion engine. A test is made when the internal combustion engine is turned off to determine whether an exothermal reaction takes place. Provided that an exothermal reaction takes place in the particle filter, a butterfly valve is closed, which prevents exhaust gas flow through the particle filter and, if the circumstances arise, a resulting oxygenation ingress in the particle filter.

Abstract: An engine system includes an exhaust gas recirculation conduit having an inlet in fluid communication with an exhaust conduit and an outlet in fluid communication with an intake air conduit. An exhaust gas recirculation performance balancing restrictor has an uninstalled position wherein the exhaust conduit defines a first backpressure at the inlet of the exhaust gas recirculation conduit. The exhaust gas recirculation performance balancing restrictor also has an installed position in which the exhaust gas recirculation performance balancing restrictor is removably disposed within the exhaust conduit downstream from the inlet of the exhaust gas recirculation conduit. In the installed position, the exhaust gas recirculation performance balancing restrictor provides a fixed flow restriction through the exhaust conduit to generate a second backpressure at the inlet of the exhaust gas recirculation conduit that is greater than the first backpressure.

Abstract: In systems in which there is insufficient pressure difference between the intake and the exhaust to drive the EGR, an EGR pump is provided. In a dual-engine system, disclosed herein, the EGR system, i.e., the EGR cooler and EGR pump, is shared to obviate the need for two of each. Shutoff valves may be provided between the EGR system and a secondary of the two engines to isolate the secondary engine when it is not operating. When the engines are OPOC engines, exhaust aftertreatment devices, such as diesel oxidation catalysts and/or diesel particulate filters, may be placed upstream of where the EGR gases tee off from the engine's exhaust to thereby maintain a high pressure ratio across an exhaust turbine located downstream in the engine's exhaust.

Abstract: An exhaust chamber (34) for a motorcycle is disposed at a location upstream of a muffler (36) of an exhaust passage (38) leading from a combustion engine (E). The exhaust chamber (34) includes a chamber body (40) having expansion compartments (41, 42, 43) defined therein, a chamber outlet pipe (46) having an outlet passage defined therein for discharging the exhaust gases (G) from the chamber body (40), and an exhaust control valve (72) disposed in the chamber outlet pipe (46) for adjusting the sectional area of the outlet passage inside the chamber outlet pipe (46).

Abstract: A mounting unit (2) for fastening an injection member to an exhaust gas tract has a retaining region (12) for receiving the injection member, and an edge region (28). At least one opening (30) for receiving a fastening element is provided in the edge region (28). The mounting unit (2) is designed in such a manner that there is an air gap (13) between the fastening element and the retaining region (12) when the mounting unit (2) is fastened to the exhaust gas tract by the fastening element.

Abstract: A passive valve assembly for a vehicle exhaust system includes an exhaust component that defines an exhaust gas flow path and a vane that is positioned within the exhaust gas flow path. The vane is positioned at an initial start position and is movable between a closed position to provide a minimum exhaust gas flow and an open position to provide a maximum exhaust gas flow. The start position is orientated at a negative angle relative to the closed position.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment device includes first and second substrates positioned in parallel within a housing. A baffle plate supports the substrates, an inlet tube and an outlet pipe, and defines a portion of a first chamber. First ends of the substrates and a second end of the inlet tube is in fluid communication with the first chamber. A partition supports the substrates, the inlet tube and the outlet pipe and defines a portion of a second chamber separate from first chamber. Second ends of the substrates and a second open end of the outlet pipe is in fluid communication with the second chamber. All of the exhaust flows in a first direction through the inlet tube, reverses direction through the substrates and reverses direction again to flow through the outlet pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine has at least one exhaust pipe and a flange which can be fastened to an engine block of the internal combustion engine. On the side facing away from the engine block, the flange is provided with a channel which is connected to a fluid line and which is in fluid communication with the interior of the exhaust pipe via a lateral opening in the exhaust pipe. The fluid line opens into the channel on the side of the flange that faces away from the engine block.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are described for controlling a NOx sensor coupled to an engine exhaust system in a motor vehicle. One example method comprises generating an offset of the sensor based on an ambient air flow drawn into the exhaust system, the ambient air flow having circumvented cylinders of the engine, and adjusting an output of the sensor based on the generated offset.

Abstract: A motor vehicle exhaust system, including at least one pollutant-removing member, for example a catalytic converter or a particle filter, including a first outlet and connected to an exhaust line of an associated vehicle, and a second outlet for collecting exhaust gases with a view to recycling the same, the second outlet being connected to an inlet pipe of an exchanger for cooling exhaust gases, an outlet pipe of which is connected to a housing that receives a valve for controlling exhaust gases. The housing of the control valve includes a sole plate to be attached to an end sole plate of the outlet pipe of the exchanger, and the housing is attached directly onto a body of the exchanger.

Abstract: An exhaust flow divider is interposed between a head and an exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine. The exhaust flow divider may be configured to maintain separation between two exhaust streams flowing from a cylinder of the engine through the head until, e.g., the exhaust exits the head and flows into the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods and apparatus for use in exhaust manifold assemblies of large diesel engines, such as ships, locomotives and the like. In one aspect, a screen for use in an exhaust manifold assembly is provided. The screen includes a plate formed in a concave shape. The plate has a plurality of apertures and a plurality of radially oriented closed slots formed therein. The screen further includes a band on an outer perimeter of the plate. In another aspect, a reducer assembly for use in an exhaust manifold assembly is provided. In yet a further aspect, a method of using a screen in an exhaust manifold assembly is provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas apparatus of an internal combustion engine is capable of suppressing the sound pressure level from being increased by the air column resonance in the tail pipe. The exhaust gas apparatus being provided with an exhaust gas pipe at the downstream side of an internal combustion engine in the exhaust gas direction of an exhaust gas flow, the exhaust gas pipe having an upstream opening end at one end portion thereof and connected with a sound deadening device at the upstream side in the exhaust gas direction of the exhaust gas flow, and a downstream opening end at the other end portion thereof for exhausting the exhaust gas flow to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment device for a diesel engine capable of starting the generation of a combustible gas is provided. The device includes a combustible gas generator. A core member is fitted in the center portion of an annular wall to form an air-fuel mixing chamber between the inner peripheral surface of the annular wall and the outer peripheral surface of the core member. An air-fuel mixture gas in the air-fuel mixing chamber is adapted to be supplied from the end of the air-fuel mixing chamber to a combustible gas generating catalyst to a portion near the center thereof. A heater is used as the core member. The heat dissipating outer peripheral surface of the heater is exposed to the air-fuel mixing chamber. Heat is dissipated directly from the heat dissipating outer peripheral surface of the heater to the air-fuel mixing chamber when starting the generation of the combustible gas.

Abstract: An exhaust reversion prevention plate is installed within the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine in order to prevent a phenomenon known as reversion, which causes a reduction of power available to the engine. A curved plate is affixed within the exhaust pipe with a threaded stud welded to the plate. The curved plate has a wave shape resembling a sinusoidal wave with several peaks and valleys, which are angularly spaced equally around the central axis of the curved plate.

Abstract: A method and to a device for the regeneration of a particle filter arranged in the exhaust gas tract of an internal combustion engine with at least one NO oxidation catalyst for the oxidation of NO, especially to NO2, which is arranged upstream of the particle filter and through which an exhaust gas stream flows. At least one heater, especially a heating catalyst, through which another gas stream, i.e., a second exhaust gas stream, flows and which heats the additional gas steam, is provided upstream of the particle filter. The heated additional gas stream is mixed upstream of the particle filter with the exhaust gas stream coming from the NO oxidation catalyst, i.e., the gas stream loaded in particular with NO2.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating exhaust includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet, the housing defining a chamber. The inlet is in fluid communication with a source of exhaust. A mixing tube is connected to the inlet. The mixing tube has at least two branches and a plurality of apertures defined in a wall of the mixing tube. A substrate is disposed between the mixing tube and the outlet. The at least two branches converge at an end section of the mixing tube to form a mixing loop.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system including a housing with two or more inlets configured to receive separate entering exhaust streams from an engine. The system may include two or more first exhaust treatment devices, each configured to receive one of the separate entering exhaust streams in a first direction. The system may further include two or more redirecting flow passages configured to combine the separate exhaust streams into a merged exhaust stream that flows in a second direction about 180 degrees from the first direction and an intermediate flow region configured to divide the merged exhaust stream into two or more separate exiting exhaust streams. The system also may also includes two or more second exhaust treatment devices, each configured to receive one of the separate exiting exhaust streams in a third direction about 90 degrees from the second direction.

Abstract: A device for cooling an exhaust gas stream, having an exhaust gas pipe receiving the exhaust gas stream, the exhaust gas pipe being surrounded at least in places by a heat shield arranged spaced therefrom, which together with the outside of the exhaust gas pipe forms a convection region for air supplied from the surrounding environment. A mouth region of the exhaust gas pipe extended relative to the heat shield projects in such a way into an open end of an adjoining outlet port that a reduced pressure relative to the surrounding environment may be produced in a suction region between the mouth region of the exhaust gas pipe and the outlet port as the air heated in the convection region due to the exhaust gas stream rises.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas pipe, a first fluid flows in a flow direction in the pipe, and a second fluid is injected inside the pipe by a nozzle, from an injection inlet arranged in the pipe wall, according to an injection direction. A mixing device fastened inside the pipe upstream from the injection inlet creates turbulence that helps the mixing of the fluids. The mixing device has a first portion located on the injection inlet side of the pipe and a second portion located opposite the injection inlet side of the pipe, the portions being designed so that the fluid velocity is higher downstream from the mixing device second portion than downstream from the mixing device first portion. An aqueous solution of urea can be injected inside an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine.

Abstract: An exhaust heat recovery apparatus (3) is installed below a floor supported by both side members (11, 12) of a vehicle to recover heat from exhaust gas passing through an exhaust pipe (1) of an internal combustion engine. Assistance members (15, 16), which extend in the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle, are provided between the both side members (11, 12) of the vehicle. The exhaust heat recovery apparatus (3) is installed close to one of the assistance members (15, 16).

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system has a side inlet flow diffuser and provides even flow exhaust distribution to an aftertreatment element.

Abstract: In one example, a system is provided, comprising an exhaust reductant injector upstream of a mixer. The mixer includes a plurality of concentrically smaller rings interconnected via fins having a width varying in a flow direction, the fins arranged annularly, and with a first set of fins between a first pair of adjacent rings angularly offset from a second set of fins between a second pair of adjacent rings, the first and second pairs of rings sharing one common ring. In this way, it is possible to atomize, redirect, and mix the exhaust flow over a short distance to effectively react with NOx in a downstream SCR catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bypass valve, particularly a two-way valve for exhaust gas flows from motor vehicles, having a valve housing and an actuating mechanism with a valve flap and two ports for fluid outlet, which are embodied as alternately sealable by the valve flap, and one port for fluid intake, characterized in that at each of the ports for fluid outlet an adapter and sealing ring is provided, arranged at least partially and fluid-tight in the valve housing, wherein the valve flap can be positioned fluid-tight on the adapter and sealing ring.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold of a turbocharged engine includes a collar coolant jacket to maintain component temperatures within acceptable limits. The collar coolant jacket is specifically located around the exhaust outlet of the manifold.

Abstract: The present invention is a burner apparatus (S1, S2, S3, S4) that combusts air-fuel mixture (Y) of an oxidizing agent and fuel. This burner apparatus (S1, S2, S3, S4) includes a partitioning component (8) that separates an ignition chamber (R2) where the air-fuel mixture (Y) is ignited and a combustion holding chamber (R3) where the combustion of the air-fuel mixture (Y) is maintained such that the air-fuel mixture (Y) is able to pass between them, wherein the partitioning component (8) adjusts the flow rate of the air-fuel mixture (Y) that is supplied from the ignition chamber (R2) to the combustion holding chamber (R3).

Abstract: A device for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas system of internal combustion engines, having at least one reductant decomposition catalyst. Arranged in the exhaust gas flow, and a metering device arranged upstream of the latter in an exhaust gas line for supplying reductant. Preferably at least one other catalyst device is provided downstream of the reductant decomposition catalyst. An inlet section for the exhaust gas having at least one flow deflection area is arranged upstream of the reductant decomposition catalyst and constructed for the exhaust gas to be fed into a housing radially outside an inlet pipe adjoining the reductant decomposition catalyst that encloses the inlet pipe, and is guided in counterflow through a front inlet opening of the inlet pipe to the reductant decomposition catalyst. The reductant is fed into the flow deflection area associated with the inlet opening.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for mounting an injector to an exhaust pipe. The device includes an injector mounting structure having an exterior surface configured for mounting the injector. The injector mounting structure also includes an interior surface arrangement defining an interior volume and a port for allowing the injector to inject a reductant into the interior volume. The interior surface arrangement is configured to prevent swirling of exhaust within the interior volume.

Abstract: A purification system for variable post injection in LP EGR, the system includes a turbo charger disposed downstream of a diesel engine, a DPF (catalyzed particulate filter) disposed downstream of the turbo charger, a NOx reduction apparatus disposed upstream or downstream of the DPF, a bypass line diverged from the DPF for mixing exhaust gas and air inflowing the turbo charger, a exhaust gas control portion disposed downstream of the DPF for controlling flowing of the exhaust gas and a lean/rich controlling portion for controlling lean/rich of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a motorcycle includes a plurality of exhaust pipes connected respectively to exhaust ports of cylinders of a multi-cylinder engine; a manifold portion connected to the exhaust pipes; and a muffler connected to a downstream side of the manifold portion, the manifold portion being disposed below the engine, wherein the manifold portion is disposed sideways of an oil pan disposed below the engine so as to overlap the oil pan when seen in a side view of the motorcycle, and the exhaust pipes are connected to the manifold portion from a front side of the motorcycle.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system includes an exhaust conduit for conveying exhaust gases from an engine of a vehicle. An aftertreatment device is disposed in the exhaust conduit. A flow device is disposed upstream of the aftertreatment device. The flow device includes a base having a first surface and an oppositely disposed second surface. The base defines a plurality of openings. A plurality of flow deflectors is engaged to the base at the plurality of openings. Each flow deflector includes a first deflector that extends outwardly from the first surface of the base and a second deflector that extends outwardly from the second surface of the base. The first and second deflectors define a passage. Flow of exhaust gases through the passage cause exhaust gases to swirl about a longitudinal axis of the exhaust conduit.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine including an elongated tube for receiving exhaust gas and exhaust flow modification structure within the tube interior configured to cooperate with the elongated tube to produce a laminar flow of exhaust gas and modify the flow speed of the exhaust gas due to the venturi effect.

Abstract: A mixer/evaporator or an exhaust system (5) of an internal combustion engine (1), includes a carrier (20) surrounding, in a circumferential direction, a flat cross section of a mixing/evaporating device (12), through which exhaust gases flow and which extends at a right angle to the axial direction (17). The carrier has opposite side walls, wherein short side walls (23, 24) connect each long side walls (21, 22) to one another. Guide blades (25) project in a direction of the respective opposite long side wall, are set at an angle in relation to the axial direction and are arranged at one of the long side walls at at least one axial end (26, 27). An axial end of the first long side walls is offset in the axial direction in relation to the axial end of the second long side wall on the same side of the mixing/evaporating device.

Abstract: A flexible line element (14), for an exhaust system (4) of an internal combustion engine (1), especially of a motor vehicle, includes a metal bellows (15), which is corrugated in a ring-shaped or helical pattern and through which an exhaust gas stream (8) can flow. The risk of deposition of urea and/or urea derivatives in the metal bellows (15) is reduced by a conical flow guide body (16), through which the exhaust gas stream (8) can flow, and which tapers in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas stream and which protrudes into an inlet area (17) of the metal bellows (15). The flexible line element (14) is combined with the flow guide body (16) integrated therein.

Abstract: Described herein are various embodiments of a reductant decomposition system. According to one representative embodiment, the reductant decomposition system includes an exhaust gas chamber including an inlet and outlet. The system also includes a first exhaust gas distribution component positioned within the chamber and communicable in exhaust gas receiving communication with the outlet. The first exhaust gas distribution component causes swirling exhaust gas flow patterns within the exhaust gas chamber. Additionally, the system includes a second exhaust gas distribution component positioned within the chamber and communicable in exhaust gas providing communication with the inlet. The second exhaust gas distribution component includes features that cause a swirling exhaust gas flow pattern within a space defined by the second exhaust gas distribution component. Further, the system includes a reductant injector coupled to the exhaust gas chamber.

Abstract: A marine engine exhaust system has an exhaust conduit conveying engine exhaust gas from upstream to downstream, a sensor sensing oxygen content of the exhaust gas in the conduit, and a shield located in the conduit. The shield is configured to shield the sensor from deleterious effects of liquid when liquid and exhaust gas is reverted in the exhaust conduit from downstream to upstream.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cooler assembly with an internally located bypass tube, spaced apart from and disposed within a core passage, with an exhaust gas inlet manifold directing exhaust gas to a plurality of cooling passages, or to the bypass tube by means of control valves. Further provided is a detachable valve cartridge with an actuator, with all moving components being included within the valve cartridge and actuator.

Abstract: An annular heat exchanger for cooling hot gases comprises an inner shell, an intermediate shell and an outer shell. Where the heat exchanger is integrated with a catalytic converter for treatment of hot exhaust gases in a motor vehicle, the inner shell contains a catalyst for treatment of the exhaust gases. Inner and outer gas flow passages are provided between the shells, and a coolant flow passage is provided, either on the outer surface of the outer shell, or between the intermediate and outer shells. The exhaust gases change direction twice as they pass through the heat exchanger, and the annular structure of the heat exchanger provides a large surface area, and a large flow section, relative to volume, and thereby provides effective heat exchange without significantly increasing space requirements.

Abstract: An extendible exhaust system is disclosed for preventing exhaust gas seepage into the passenger compartment of a vehicle utilizing a pipe extender that slides along the tailpipe. The pipe extender has a retracted position and an extended position. The pipe extender moves from the retracted position to the extended position when the vehicle travels forward at a predetermined speed. When in the extended position, exhaust flows through the additional length of the pipe extender before exiting the exhaust system. Movement of the pipe extender from the retracted to the extended position may be by airflow traveling past the moving vehicle pushing on a flange acting as a sail against a tension spring. An electromagnet or motor drive system with a movement sensor may also be used to move the pipe extender from the retracted to the extended position.

Abstract: An exhaust valve assembly includes a flapper valve that is mounted on a shaft for rotation within an exhaust component housing between a closed position, an intermediate position, and an open position. An electric actuator is coupled to the shaft to control movement of the flapper valve. The electric actuator moves the flapper valve to the open position for high speed engine conditions. When engine speeds are lowered, and while all engine cylinders remain active, the electric actuator moves the flapper valve to the intermediate position. Once the flapper valve is in the intermediate position, if an engine cylinder is subsequently deactivated, the electric actuator quickly and quietly moves the flapper valve from the intermediate position to the closed position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for homogenizing exhaust from an engine. In one embodiment, the present invention includes an automobile. The automobile can include a fuel delivery unit, an engine, an exhaust system, and a control unit. The exhaust system can include a swirl inducement unit, multiple sensors, and multiple catalytic converters. The swirl inducement unit can homogenize an exhaust from the engine. The swirl inducement unit can include a plurality of vanes and/or a plurality of protrusions. The protrusions can be a plurality of bumps and/or a plurality of semi-circular rings. The plurality of vanes can be rotatable with the rotation of the vanes being controlled by the control unit. The rotation of the vanes can be based on an operating condition of the engine.

Abstract: A diffuser for aiding in the vaporization and mixing of an injected reactant with the exhaust gas feed stream of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system is disclosed. The diffuser is disposed within an exhaust gas conduit of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system and has an impingement surface and a baffle plate disposed downstream of and adjacent thereto. The baffle plate extends outwardly from the diffuser, to terminate at a baffle plate tip that is located intermediate of the diffuser and an inner wall of the exhaust gas conduit. The baffle plate is operable to trap a portion of an exhaust gas feed stream, and a reactant resident therein, to increase the vaporization and residence time of the reactant in the exhaust gas feed stream.

Abstract: A gas additive and a liquid additive are supplied efficiently. There are provided a liquid supply device that stores a liquid additive and supplies the liquid additive into an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, a gas supply device that stores a gas additive and supplies the gas additive into the exhaust passage, a catalyst that is arranged in the exhaust passage at a downstream side of locations at which the additives are supplied from the liquid supply device and the gas supply device, respectively, with the additives reacting in the catalyst, and an adjustment device that adjusts an amount of the liquid additive to be added from the liquid supply device and an amount of the gas additive to be added by the gas supply device in accordance with a rule defined beforehand.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for reducing emissions from an engine includes an exhaust conduit adapted to supply an exhaust stream from the engine to an exhaust treatment device. The conduit includes an aperture. An injector injects a reagent through the aperture and into the exhaust stream. A flow modifier is positioned within the exhaust conduit upstream of the injector. The flow modifier includes a diverter for increasing the velocity of the exhaust gas at a predetermined location within the conduit relative to the injected reagent.

Abstract: Provided is an exhaust system of a multi-cylinder engine capable of increasing the air-intake and thereby increasing the engine output with a simple configuration. The exhaust system is provided with low velocity-side passages 54, high velocity-side passages 53, a low velocity-side collection part 56, a high velocity-side collection part 57, and a flow passage area variable valve 58 capable of changing the flow passage area of the respective high velocity-side passages 53.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine including an elongated tube for receiving exhaust gas and exhaust flow modification structure within the tube interior configured to cooperate with the elongated tube to produce a laminar flow of exhaust gas and modify the flow speed of the exhaust gas due to the venturi effect. The exhaust system includes two spaced structural components which form restricted a annular flow path to enhance the venturi effect.

Abstract: A heat transfer method for an engine is disclosed herein utilizing a heat battery configured to store waste exhaust heat in phase-chase materials for use during a subsequent engine start. By reusing waste exhaust heat in this manner, exhaust emissions may be reduced, and delays in heating the vehicle cabin and other vehicle systems after engine start may be reduced.

Abstract: A thermoelectric generator apparatus of a vehicle, may include a high temperature member installed on an external wall of the exhaust pipe inside a silencer of the vehicle and exchanging heat with the exhaust gas, a low temperature member installed on the external wall of the exhaust pipe and at a side of the high temperature member, and a thermoelectric module formed by joining a P-shaped semi-conductor and an N-shaped semi-conductor, wherein the thermoelectric module may be installed on the external wall of the exhaust pipe between the high temperature member and the low temperature member so that a side thereof may be heated by the high temperature member and the other side thereof may be cooled by the low temperature member in order to use a thermoelectric phenomenon caused by a temperature difference between the side and the other side of the thermoelectric module to generate electricity.