Abstract: A catalyst degradation detection apparatus includes an air-fuel ratio detector disposed downstream of a catalyst and configured to detect an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing out from the catalyst, and an electronic control unit configured to control an air-fuel ratio of inflow exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst and determine whether the catalyst is degraded. The electronic control unit is configured to execute degradation determination control that brings the air-fuel ratio of the inflow exhaust gas to an air-fuel ratio leaner or richer than a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. The electronic control unit is configured to determine whether precious metal of the catalyst is degraded based on the air-fuel ratio detected by the air-fuel ratio detector when an oxygen storage amount of the catalyst is varying in the degradation determination control.

Abstract: A tractor including: an engine mounted on a traveling body; a post-processing device configured to purify exhaust gas of the engine; and a tail pipe long in an up-down direction and configured to emit exhaust gas having passed through the post-processing device to the outside. The post-processing device is arranged in a standing posture in front of an operation unit on the traveling body so that the exhaust gas flows from the bottom to the top. An upwardly protruding outlet pipe is provided on an upper surface side of the post-processing device. The inner diameter of an exhaust gas inlet side of the tail pipe is set larger than the outer diameter of the outlet pipe which is inserted and communicated with the exhaust gas inlet side of the tail pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust device in which a muffler is disposed on a side of a straddle-type vehicle includes the muffler including a tail pipe configured to discharge exhaust gas and protruding rearward, a tail cover covering a periphery of the tail pipe behind the muffler, and a protector for heat shield interposed between the muffler and the tail cover. Inner sides of the tail cover and the protector in a vehicle width direction are configured to be fixed to each other by a fastening member. An elastic locking portion is formed on an outer side of one of the tail cover and the protector in the vehicle width direction, and a holding portion configured to hold the elastic locking portion is formed on an outer side of another of the tail cover and the protector in the vehicle width direction.

Abstract: A method includes providing electric power to an exhaust aftertreatment system component, where the exhaust aftertreatment system component is one of a particulate filter and an electrically heated catalyst. The method includes obtaining an impedance value of the exhaust aftertreatment system component in response to providing the electric power. The method includes determining a structural state of the exhaust aftertreatment system component based on the impedance value.

Abstract: A vehicle system and a method of controlling the system are provided. A second check valve is positioned between and fluidly connects a canister purge valve and an ejector. A controller closes the canister purge valve and controls an electrically driven compressor to open the second check valve to remove moisture and reduce stiction after vehicle key off and during a cold soak. A vehicle system is provided with a controller to open the canister purge valve during one of a plurality of boost events associated with a vehicle driving state to open the second check valve, and open the canister purge valve in response to a subsequent one of the plurality of boost events to open the second check valve and evacuate the canister.

Abstract: An installation structure of an exhaust gas sensor includes: two exhaust pipes on a downstream side of a multi-cylinder engine; a collecting pipe configured to collect the two exhaust pipes; and an exhaust gas sensor installed in the collecting pipe. Outlets of the two exhaust pipes are connected to the collecting pipe so as to be adjacent to each other. In the collecting pipe, the exhaust gas sensor is installed at a position away from the outlets of the two exhaust pipes in a direction orthogonal to a direction in which the outlets of the two exhaust pipes are adjacent to each other in a sectional view.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system for an internal combustion engine includes a first exhaust gas line leading into a first muffler; a second exhaust gas line arranged fluidly parallel to the first exhaust gas line and leading into a second muffler, wherein the first and second exhaust gas lines are respectively connected upstream of the first and second muffler at a branch to a common exhaust gas feed line; a control valve arranged in the first exhaust gas line upstream of the first muffler; and a damping device fluidly arranged between the branch and the control valve and adapted for damping exhaust gas resonance vibrations.

Abstract: A road vehicle comprising: a passenger compartment; an internal combustion engine; an exhaust system, which releases into the atmosphere the gases generated by the combustion, is connected to the internal combustion engine, and ends with at least one silencer having at least one outlet pipe; and an exhaust noise transmission device, which is provided with a transmission conduit, which originates close to the outlet pipe of the silencer, ends in the area of a wall of the passenger compartment, and is provided, on the inside, with at least one insulating element, which is arranged inside the transmission conduit so as to tightly seal the transmission conduit.

Abstract: A control system is provided for thermal management of an aftertreatment device in an engine that is provided in an enclosure. The engine has a cooling fan that is operable in a first direction to cool said engine. The fan is also operable in a reverse direction opposite to the first direction. The control system includes a first temperature sensor that measures a temperature of the engine or the enclosure. The control system further includes a second temperature sensor that measures a temperature of the aftertreatment device. The control system also includes a processor that is coupled to the first and second temperature sensors. The processor is configured to issue control signals, based on whether regeneration is required by the aftertreatment device or not, for selectively controlling a direction of operation associated with the cooling fan.

Abstract: A mixer assembly for mixing an injected reductant with an exhaust gas output from a combustion engine includes an outer housing, a tubular inner housing, and an injector. The outer housing includes an outer wall defining an exhaust gas passageway that can receive exhaust gas. The inner housing is disposed within the outer housing and includes a longitudinal axis, a first end, a peripheral wall, and an outlet. The peripheral wall is at least partially formed by wire mesh. The outlet is disposed at a second end of the inner housing opposite the first end of the inner housing. The injector is fixed to the inner or outer housing to dose the reductant into the interior of the inner housing. The wire mesh includes openings to receive at least a portion of the exhaust gas. The outlet of the inner housing discharges a mixture of exhaust gas and reductant.

Abstract: An aftertreatment assembly for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The assembly includes an aftertreatment component with an inlet, and a pipe connection fluidly connected to the inlet. The pipe connection includes an adjustable spherical pipe joint that joins two angularly offset pipe sections, and a slip pipe joint that joins two axially aligned pipe sections and that can adjust a combined length of the two axially aligned pipe sections. The assembly allows for compensating the positional and orientational displacements between an exhaust outlet and the inlet of the aftertreatment assembly.

Abstract: Provided is a working vehicle comprising: a fuel tank; a tank support member configured to receive and support the fuel tank from below; and an inverse U-shaped hood support member provided upright in a state of spanning left and right of the fuel tank, the hood support member including an elastic member that acts on an upper portion side of the fuel tank so as to hold the fuel tank at a predetermined position on the tank support member.

Abstract: A deterioration diagnosis device for an oxidation catalyst includes: a multi-gas sensor disposed in an exhaust passage downstream of an oxidation catalyst, the multi-gas sensor including a NO2 sensor unit and a NOX sensor unit, the NO2 sensor unit directly detecting a NO2 concentration in exhaust gas after passing through the oxidation catalyst, and the NOX sensor unit directly detecting a NOX concentration in the exhaust gas; an NO concentration calculation unit configured to calculate an NO concentration in the exhaust gas after passing through the oxidation catalyst based on the NO2 concentration and the NOX concentration; and a deterioration judgment unit configured to determine a deterioration degree of the oxidation catalyst from an evaluation value based on the NO concentration calculated by the NO concentration calculation unit.

Abstract: A system for injecting fuel into an exhaust pipe and preventing fuel leakage. An exhaust pipe is connected to an engine via an exhaust adaptor and the fuel is injected directly into the exhaust pipe through a fuel injection valve provided in the exhaust adaptor. A lower end of the exhaust adaptor is provided with a lower flange part to which a front end flange part of the exhaust pipe is connected, and a tubular shielding part for preventing the fuel from falling onto flange surfaces and of the front end flange part and the lower flange part protrudes into the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a cylinder head with at least one cylinder and a cooled turbine. Each cylinder has at least one outlet opening adjoined by an exhaust line for discharging exhaust gases from the cylinder. The exhaust line issues into an inlet region transitioning into an exhaust gas-conducting flow duct of the turbine. The turbine has at least one rotor mounted on a rotatable shaft in a turbine housing. The turbine has at least one coolant duct which is integrated in the housing and which is delimited and formed by at least one wall of the housing to form a cooling arrangement. The at least one wall of the turbine housing that delimits the at least one coolant duct is provided, at least in regions, with a thermal insulation.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system of a motor vehicle which has an internal combustion engine with a plurality of cylinder groups, with a first exhaust gas section which is assigned to a first cylinder group of the internal combustion engine, and with a second exhaust gas section which is assigned to a second cylinder group of the internal combustion engine, each exhaust gas section comprising in each case one exhaust gas purification device, and a common silencer interacting with the first exhaust gas section and the second exhaust gas section, namely in such a way that, starting from the exhaust gas purification device of the first exhaust gas section and starting from the exhaust gas purification device of the second exhaust gas section, in each case, a first part exhaust gas section opens into an interior of the common silencer.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for addressing engine cold-start emissions while an exhaust catalyst is activated. In one example, a method for improving exhaust emissions may include flowing ionized air into an engine exhaust, downstream of an exhaust catalyst, to oxidize exhaust emissions left untreated by the catalyst. The approach reduces the PM load of the exhaust as well as of a downstream particulate matter filter.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe structure is the exhaust pipe structure with a catalyst converter provided immediately close to an engine and includes a plurality of exhaust passages and a collecting portion. The collecting portion arranged between the first exhaust passage provided at an end side and a second exhaust passage includes a first guiding portion, a second guiding portion, and a rotating/guiding portion. The exhaust gas introduced from the first exhaust passage and the exhaust gas introduced from the second exhaust passage are guided obliquely downward by the first guiding portion and the second guiding portion, respectively, and are then rotated and guided by the rotating/guiding portion in respective directions opposite to each other to flow toward the catalyst converter.

Abstract: A system and method includes an internal combustion engine capable of producing an exhaust stream and an aftertreatment system operationally coupled to the exhaust stream. The aftertreatment system includes an upstream selective reduction catalyst (SCR) component and a downstream SCR component that are positioned in substantially different thermal environments. The upstream and downstream SCR components are sized to fully treat the entire exhaust stream at a low temperature highest NOx conversion condition, and the downstream SCR component is sized to fully treat the entire exhaust stream at a high temperature highest NOx conversion condition.

Abstract: There is provided a turbocharging apparatus and vehicles using the same. The turbocharging apparatus comprises a wind collecting device, a first turbine and a second turbine. The wind collecting device comprises a first opening and a second opening and an air flow channel for connecting the two openings. A cross-sectional area of the air flow channel decreases as the air flow channel extends from the first opening towards the second opening. The first turbine comprises a first turbine housing, a first impeller rotatably located in the first turbine housing, a wind inlet communicated with the second opening, and a wind outlet. The second turbine comprises a second turbine housing, a second impeller rotatably located in the second turbine housing, an air suction inlet and an air outlet communicated with a throttle valve of the internal combustion engine. The second impeller can, driven by the first impeller, rotate along with the first impeller.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold and related method have a hybrid clamshell construction including an outer manifold half stamped from a first metal and having a first wall thickness, as well as an inner manifold half stamped from a second metal that is different from the first metal and has a second wall thickness which is different from the first wall thickness. Opposite side edges of the outer and inner manifold halves are rigidly interconnected to define a hollow manifold bottom. Port and outlet flanges are rigidly attached to inlet and outlet sides of the manifold body.

Abstract: An exhaust gas processing device includes a cylindrical metallic member and an insulating layer. The insulating layer has a thickness of about 20 ?m to about 400 ?m and is densely formed such that no through pores exist in a thickness direction of the insulating layer. The insulating layer is provided on an inner surface of the cylindrical metallic member.

Abstract: To provide a configuration that can discharge condensed water remaining in an exhaust gas passage in an engine in which a catalyst is placed in the exhaust gas passage. An engine system (100) is an engine system having an engine (10) in which a catalyst (6) is placed in an exhaust gas passage (31). The engine system (100) has a determination device (81a) for determining whether or not the catalyst (6) is immersed in the condensed water condensed from exhaust gas in a cold state and remaining in the exhaust gas passage (31) when the engine (10) is started, and an operation continuing device (81b) that allows operation of the engine (10) to continue when it is determined that the catalyst (6) is immersed in the condensed water so that a discharge operation time Te exceeds a required time.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaning device for a watercraft includes at least a particle filter and/or an SCR catalytic converter and a heat exchanger disposed upstream thereof. The heat exchanger is operated with seawater as a cooling medium. The heat exchanger has an exhaust gas inlet side and an exhaust gas outlet side and is suitable for reducing a volumetric flow rate of an exhaust gas between the exhaust gas inlet side and the exhaust gas outlet side by a certain value in a certain temperature range of the exhaust gas at the exhaust gas inlet side. A watercraft and a method for operating an exhaust gas cleaning device for a watercraft are also provided.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, inside an engine exhaust passage, a hydrocarbon feed valve (15) and an exhaust purification catalyst (13) are arranged. The carrier (50) of the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is formed from a crystallized composite oxide of aluminum and an alkali earth metal. On this carrier (50), precious metal catalysts (51, 52) are carried. The concentration of hydrocarbons which flow into the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is made to vibrate by within a predetermined range of amplitude of a 200 ppm or more and within a predetermined range of period of 5 second or less, whereby the NOx which is contained in exhaust gas is reduced at the exhaust purification catalyst (13).

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, inside of an engine exhaust passage, a hydrocarbon feed valve (15) and an exhaust purification catalyst (13) are arranged. The exhaust purification catalyst (13) is comprised of an upstream-side catalyst (14a) and a downstream-side catalyst (14b) arranged in series at an interval from each other. The upstream-side catalyst (14b) has a smaller cross-sectional area than the downstream-side catalyst (14b). The concentration of hydrocarbons which flow into the upstream-side catalyst (14a) is made to vibrate by within a predetermined range of amplitude of a 200 ppm or more and within a predetermined range of period of 5 seconds or less, whereby the NOx which is contained in exhaust gas is reduced at the exhaust purification catalyst (13).

Abstract: A method for producing an exhaust-gas aftertreatment device (2) inserts a monolith (8) in a housing (4), assembled from a circumferentially enclosed jacket (5) and two end funnels. The monolith (8) is axially inserted into the jacket (5) with a circumferentially enclosing support mat (9). The funnels (6) are connected to the jacket (5) via an axial connecting section (10) shaped complementary to the cross-section of the jacket (5), such that each connecting section (10) and an axial end section (25) of the support mat (9) axially overlap. The jacket (5), including the connecting sections (10) of the funnels (6) from a starting cross-section (13) to an end cross-section (15). This produces a predetermined radial preload in the support mat (9) in a support area (16) extending from the one connecting section (10) to the other connecting section (10) to retain the monolith (8) in the jacket (5).

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, inside of an engine exhaust passage, an NOx adsorption part and an NOx purification part are arranged. The NOx purification part has the property of reducing NOx which is contained in exhaust gas if the concentration of hydrocarbons is made to vibrate by within a predetermined range of amplitude and within a predetermined range of period. When NOx is to be desorbed from the NOx adsorption part, the current NOx which is contained in the exhaust gas and the NOx which is desorbed from the NOx adsorption part are reduced by making the concentration of hydrocarbons of the NOx purification part vibrate by the amplitude and period which are set for the current engine operating state, at least of which (?T·k) has been corrected so that the amount of hydrocarbons becomes greater.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for operating an internal combustion engine. In the method a first distribution of values for at least one variable is used, the variable describing a physical property of the internal combustion engine, and over a second time period values for this variable are recorded and classified, such that a second distribution is determined. The first distribution is then compared with the second distribution such that the behavior of the internal combustion engine can be adapted on the basis thereof.

Abstract: A mixing chamber for an exhaust system is disclosed. The mixing chamber includes a tapering cross sectional area perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber includes a first end having a first cross sectional area and a second end having a second cross sectional area. The second cross sectional area is less than the first cross sectional area. The second end is configured to receive an injector. The mixing chamber includes a first exhaust conduit fluidly connected to the first end of the mixing chamber and defining a first exhaust gas flow path into the mixing chamber substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The mixing chamber also includes a second exhaust conduit fluidly connected to the first end of the mixing chamber and defining a second exhaust gas flow path out of the mixing chamber substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: In forced regeneration control of an exhaust gas purification device 12, data for control such as the number of meshes of a data map and the number of data maps for forced regeneration control is reduced and occurrence of torque shock is avoided by smoothly changing a fuel pressure. In the forced regeneration control of the exhaust gas purification device, when an operation state of an internal combustion engine is in a high-load operation state, normal injection control by stopping multi injection is carried out and according to a rotation speed and a load of the internal combustion engine, a region for control is divided into a multi-injection control region, a transition region, and a normal injection control region, and in the transition region, data for fuel pressure control obtained by interpolation of data for fuel pressure control on the multi-injection control region side and data for fuel pressure control on the normal injection control region side is used.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system that can detect whether or not a float is stuck even where a water level sensor that detects a liquid level in a stepwise manner is used, including: an urea injection quantity integrating unit that integrates an injected quantity of urea to calculate an urea injection quantity integrated value; an integrated value resetting unit that, if a detected value from detection means changes, resets the urea injection quantity integrated value; and an abnormality determination unit that, if the urea injection quantity integrated value exceeds a predetermined threshold value for determination, determines a level sensor as having an abnormality.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment unit treats an exhaust gas from an engine of a work vehicle. The exhaust treatment unit includes a first exhaust treatment device, a second exhaust treatment device, and a bracket. The first exhaust treatment device and the second exhaust treatment device are attached to the bracket. The bracket includes an edge part having an attachment portion configured to be attached to a vehicle body frame of the work vehicle, and a main body part having a convex shape downwardly bulged from the edge part. A bottom part of the second exhaust treatment device is positioned below the attachment portion. A work vehicle preferably includes the exhaust treatment unit, the engine and the vehicle body frame.

Abstract: A catalyzed soot filter for a diesel engine comprises a wall flow substrate having a substrate axial length, wherein surfaces of both the internal walls of a plurality of inlet and a plurality of outlet channels comprise a catalytic washcoat of at least one on-wall coating composition for oxidizing NO in exhaust gas to NO2, wherein the washcoat on the inlet channels extends for an axial inlet coating length from an open inlet end to a downstream inlet coating end, the washcoat on the outlet channels extends for an axial outlet coating length from an upstream outlet end to an open outlet end, the axial inlet coating length and the axial outlet coating length are both less than the substrate axial length and the outlet coating length is greater than the inlet coating length.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes: a top having a first hole; a plate having a second hole and attached to the top with the second hole in alignment with the first hole; an exhaust pipe having an internal path and a flange projecting outward and abutting against and thus attached to the plate; and a tail pipe having a portion positioned in the first and second holes, and an end in the internal path of the exhaust pipe. The plate is disposed between the top and the flange and serves as a reference in attaching the flange to the top. Thus, a work vehicle that can facilitate disposing an exhaust pipe and a tail pipe concentrically and provide better workability in disposing the exhaust pipe and the tail pipe concentrically, and a method for manufacturing the work vehicle, can be provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for an exhaust system, the apparatus comprising a precipitation cover adapted to be positioned at least partially downstream of a tailpipe, relative to a direction of an exhaust gas flow. The precipitation cover comprises a first cover end and a second cover end. The first cover end is configured as a precipitation outlet, and the second cover end is configured as an exhaust gas outlet and a precipitation inlet. When the first cover end and the tailpipe are coupled together, the first cover end and the tailpipe cooperate so as to form a precipitation exit opening.

Abstract: A mounting foot for mounting an after-treatment component to a frame is disclosed. The mounting foot may have a pad connectable to the frame. The mounting foot may also have a slider slidably connected to the pad. In addition, the mounting foot may have a mounting bracket. The mounting bracket may have a first end connectable to the after-treatment component and a second end connected to the slider.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to the use of gas clathrates. More particularly, this disclosure relates to systems, methods, and apparatuses related to the use of gas clathrates as a fuel source for automobiles. The gas clathrates may first be dissociated into at least one gas and the at least one gas delivered to the prime mover of a vehicle or the gas clathrates may be directly utilized by the prime mover as a fuel source.

Abstract: A hydraulic excavator is provided with a lower traveling unit, an upper structure, an engine, a hydraulic pump, an engine compartment, a pump compartment and a plurality of filter devices. The upper structure is rotatably disposed on the lower traveling unit. The pump compartment provided on the upper structure for housing the hydraulic pump. The pump compartment has a door that allows access to an interior of the pump compartment. The filter devices, which are disposed adjacent to each other, are disposed at positions that are mutually offset in a height direction of the hydraulic excavator.

Abstract: Provided is a combined multi-purpose pollution-free vehicle and snowplow which comprises a hot water utilization and circulation pipe OSWL branching and circulating coolant heated by a vehicle engine from an induction connecting apparatus; a heater HTR secondarily heating air primarily heated by the hot water utilization and circulation pipe OSWL; a propeller OPE sending secondarily heated air to a distribution duct PEORUM; and a distribution duct PEORUM comprising a branching pipe so as to discharge secondarily heated air out of emission pipes PED disposed at the front, rear, left and right sides of the vehicle.

Abstract: A dump truck includes a cab being located behind an engine compartment in which an engine is enclosed, a body being located behind the cab, and an exhaust aftertreatment device being adapted to purify an exhaust gas from the engine. The exhaust aftertreatment device includes a DPF device being adapted to capture a particulate matter in the exhaust gas and being located on a top of a fender provided alongside the cab, an SCR device being adapted to purify a nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas and being located between the cab and the body, and a communication pipe through which the DPF device and the SCR device are in communication with each other.

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus for a multi-cylinder engine which is capable of suppressing deterioration in ejector effect with a simple configuration comprises: a plurality of independent exhaust ducts each having an upstream end connected to an exhaust port of one cylinder or exhaust ports of two or more cylinders which are non-successive in terms of exhaust order; and a merged portion configured to allow exhaust gas passing through each of the independent exhaust ducts to flow thereinto and formed to be gradually reduced in diameter toward a downstream side in an exhaust gas flow direction. The independent exhaust ducts are connected to an upstream end of the merged portion in such a manner that downstream ends thereof are bundled together. An O2 sensor is provided in the merged portion or a portion of an exhaust duct line downstream of the merged portion, to partially block an exhaust gas flow passage.

Abstract: Fuel efficiency in a combustion engine is increased by treating the fuel in a reaction chamber prior to delivering the fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine. The method includes the step of entraining a stream of exhaust gas to travel upstream through the reactor chamber in a first flow pattern. The method also includes the step of entraining a stream of fuel to travel downstream through the reactor chamber in a second flow pattern, where at least one of the first and second flow patterns comprises a structured turbulent flow.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments include methods of removing carbon dioxide from combustion gas from an engine of a vehicle, systems for removing carbon dioxide from combustion gas from an engine of a vehicle, vehicles, methods of managing carbon dioxide emissions from an engine of a vehicle, and computer software program products for managing carbon dioxide emissions from an engine of a vehicle.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle is equipped with an engine and a motor generator (MG2) serving as a power source for driving the vehicle. A catalytic converter is provided in an exhaust pipe of the engine. An HV-ECU estimates a possible EV-running distance based on an SOC of a power storage device for comparison with a traveling distance (L) to a destination set by a navigation device. When the possible EV-running distance is longer than the traveling distance (L), the HV-ECU outputs a control signal (CTL2) instructing prohibition of warm-up of the catalytic converter, to an EG-ECU.

Abstract: An aftertreatment module for the treatment of exhaust gasses from a power system includes a first aftertreatment brick and a second aftertreatment brick. The first and second aftertreatment bricks can be flow-through type catalysts for catalyzing byproducts in the exhaust gasses. The aftertreatment module can include a first channel directing the incoming exhaust gasses in a first direction through the first aftertreatment brick and a second channel directing the exhaust gasses through the second aftertreatment brick. The first and second channel can be in a side-by-side arrangement. To communicate the exhaust gasses between the first and second channels, a traverse channel can redirect the gas flow within the aftertreatment module.

Abstract: A detection device for an internal combustion engine is preferably applied to the internal combustion engine which includes a temperature varying member, which is provided in an exhaust system, and whose temperature varies due to gas flow in the exhaust system. A temperature correlation value detection unit detects a correlation value which correlates with the temperature of the temperature varying member. The term correlation value herein includes impedance of the temperature varying member, a signal output value such as current and voltage output sent from the temperature varying member, and/or the temperature varying member's own temperature. A variation calculating unit calculates a variation of the correlation value, in a time period when the gas flow arises, detected by the temperature correlation value detection unit.

Abstract: A mass damper method includes providing an electroactive polymer (7) and using the electroactive polymer (7) to manufacture a mass damper (6). The mass damper (6) for damping a vibrating system of a motor vehicle includes at least one of a damping body (10) forming a countervibrating mass with a damping spring (11) and a springy damping body (10) forming the countervibrating mass. The damping body (10) is indirectly or directly coupled with the vibrating system. The springy damping body (10) or the damping spring (11) includes an electroactive polymer (7). A motor vehicle exhaust system of an internal combustion engine is provided including an exhaust gas line (3) with an exhaust pipe (4), an exhaust gas-treating device (5) integrated in the exhaust pipe and the mass damper (6) coupled with the exhaust gas line.

Abstract: An engine control system includes a dosing control module and an offset determination module. The dosing control module actuates an injector to inject a first amount of reducing agent into exhaust gas produced by an engine during a period when a temperature of the exhaust gas is greater than a predetermined temperature threshold. The offset determination module determines an efficiency of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) material based on measured amounts of nitrogen oxide (NOx) during the period and expected NOx amounts, wherein the measured amounts of NOx are measured at locations upstream and downstream from the SCR material, and wherein the expected NOx amounts are based on the temperature of the exhaust gas and the first amount of reducing agent.

Abstract: A device, which detects information about a hydrogen concentration level, includes an air-fuel ratio sensor, an air-fuel ratio controller, and a detecting portion. The detecting portion calculates either a ratio of response periods or a difference between the response periods to detect the hydrogen concentration level. One of the response periods is a period from the time the air-fuel ratio controller switches the target air-fuel ratio from rich to lean to the time the air-fuel ratio sensor detects this. The other of the response periods is a period from the time the air-fuel ratio controller switches the target air-fuel ratio from lean to rich to the time the air-fuel ratio sensor detects this. This allows the decisions of a variation between cylinders and an exhaust purifying catalyst degradation.