Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream from an external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by mixing the liquid stream from the high pressure circuit with the spent low pressure circuit stream forming a lean system that can be condensed at a low pressure. The new thermodynamic process and the system for accomplishing it are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: A two-phase thermodynamic power system includes a capillary device, vapor accumulator, superheater, an inline turbine, a condenser, a liquid pump and a liquid preheater for generating output power as a generator. The capillary device, such as a loop heat pipe or a capillary pumped loop, is coupled to a vapor accumulator, superheater, the inline turbine for generating output power for power generation, liquid pump and liquid preheater. The capillary device receives input heat that is used to change phase of liquid received from the liquid preheater, liquid pump and condenser into vapor for extra heating in the superheater used to then drive the turbine. The power system is well suited for space applications using a radioisotope, active nuclear or solar heat source. The system can use waste heat from various dynamic or static power systems as a heat source and waste heat from spacecraft components such as electronics as a heat source. These heat sources can be used separately or in any combination.

Abstract: A high temperature heat pump comprising a low temperature heat exchanger to produce vapor of a first fluid from heat transferred from a second fluid to a mixture of liquid and vapor of the first fluid; a compressor to increase the pressure and temperature of the produced vapor; a high temperature heat exchanger to heat the second fluid to useful, high temperatures from the condensation of the first fluid; and an expander to lower the pressure and temperature of the first fluid producing a mixture of vapor and liquid.

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream, external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by recirculating a portion of a liquid stream prior to further cooling. The new thermodynamic processes and systems for accomplishing these improved efficiencies are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: A two-phase thermodynamic power system includes a capillary device, an inline turbine, and a condenser for generating output power as a generator or receiving input power as a refrigerator. The capillary device, such as a heat loop pipe or a capillary pumped loop, is coupled to the inline turbine for generating output power for power generation or for receiving input power for powered refrigeration. The capillary device receives input heat that is used to change phase of liquid received from the condenser into vapor for driving the turbine. The power system is well suited for space applications using a radioisotope heat source, using waste heat from a radioisotope power system as a heat source, waste heat from spacecraft components such as electronics as a heat source or solar energy as a heat source. The heat source is useful for driving the capillary wick as well as a superheater for increased power efficiency and lifetime operation.

Abstract: A Cascading Closed Loop Cycle (CCLC) system is described for recovering power in the form of mechanical or electrical energy from any thermal energy source whose temperature is sufficiently high to vaporize a pressurized light hydrocarbon medium such as propane or propylene. A light hydrocarbon medium is vaporized in multiple indirect heat exchangers; expanded in multiple cascading expansion turbines to generate useful power; and condensed to a liquid using a cooling system. The light hydrocarbon liquid medium is then pressurized with a pump and returned to the indirect heat exchangers to repeat the vaporization, expansion, liquefaction and pressurization cycle in a closed, hermetic process.

Abstract: In a Rankine cycle system for an internal combustion engine, including an evaporator (3) for generating a vapor, an expander (4) for converting a heat energy of the vapor into a mechanical energy, a condenser (5) for cooling the vapor discharged from the expander (4) to restore it into water, a tank (6) for storage of the water from the condenser (5), and supply pumps (7, 8) for supplying the water in said tank (6) to the evaporator (3) in a pressurizing manner, the water in the tank (6) is supplied via a water jacket (105) of the internal combustion engine (1) to a dispensing valve (106) by the lower-pressure pump (7). A portion of the water dispensed by the dispensing valve (106) is further pressurized and supplied to the evaporator (3) by the higher-pressure pump (8), and another portion of the water dispensed by the dispensing valve (106) is discharged to the tank (6) after dissipating its heat in an auxiliary (110) such as a heater for heating a vehicle compartment and the like.

Abstract: An engine which is fuelled solely by super heater water/steam in which the super heated water/steam is used to create power via thermal expansion. The water/steam is then condensed and then recirculated in a closed circuit arrangement so as to arrive at zero consumption and zero emissions.

Abstract: A new system and method for extracting useful work from geothermal streams is disclosed. The systems and methods of this invention can achieve an estimated 20 to 30% improvement in output efficiency. The increased efficiency is derived from a secondary energy conversion step involving a low pressure vapor stream of variable composition and a low pressure turbine, which expands the vapor stream to produce the improved efficiency.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for power generation in a process for producing hydrocarbons by catalytic conversion of synthesis gas, involving:

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream from an external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a high boiling component. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by mixing into an intermediate liquid stream an enriched liquid stream from which the energy from the external source stream is extracted in a vaporization step and converted to energy in an expansion step. The new thermodynamic process and the system for accomplishing it are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: The invention is a method for retrofitting a power plant that reduces the consumption of fossil fuel using compressed heated air by retrofitting the power plant by adding at least three heat exchangers, a vessel, a pump, and control system to the power plant, wherein the first heat exchanger receives compressed heated air from a power source and produces heated heat exchange fluid, a second heat exchanger heats a hydrocarbon flow that drives a turbine coupled to a generator, wherein the generator produces power and exhaust gases, wherein the method entails pumping a heat exchange fluid through a first heat exchanger; exchanging heat with compressed heated air; splitting heated fluid flow into a second and third heat exchanger; flowing the heated fluid through a second heat exchanger exchanging heat with a hydrocarbon flow; flowing the heated fluid from the first to third heat exchanger; and using the vessel to accommodate fluid thermal expansion.

Abstract: High-efficiency combustion engines, including Otto cycle engines, use a steam-diluted fuel charge at elevated pressure. Air is compressed, and water is evaporated into the compressed air via the partial pressure effect using waste heat from the engine. The resultant pressurized air-steam mixture then burned in the engine with fuel, preferably containing hydrogen to maintain flame front propagation. The high-pressure, steam-laden engine exhaust is used to drive an expander to provide additional mechanical power. The exhaust can also be used to reform fuel to provide hydrogen for the engine combustion. The engine advantageously uses the partial pressure effect to convert low-grade waste heat from engine into useful mechanical power. The engine is capable of high efficiencies (e.g. >50%), with minimal emissions.

Abstract: A method for operating a heat-producing plant having a chamber for burning chlorine-containing fuels and a channel connected with the chamber, in which a plurality of consecutive heat-transferring devices are located, which can heated by hot flue gas which flows through the channel in the direction from the combustion chamber towards an outlet. The flue gas is conditioned by addition of a sulphur-containing additive injected into the flue gas downstream a combustion zone and upstream that heat-transferring device being the first to be hit by the flue gas. Alkaline chlorides are sulphated thereby reducing chlorine-induced corrosion of the heat-transferring devices. As additive ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4), ammonium bisulphate ((NH4)HSO4), ferrous sulphate (FeSO4), or sulphuric acid (H2SO4), is used, in order to form reactive sulphur trioxide (SO3).

Abstract: The present invention concerns an integration construction between a steam boiler provided with a combustion chamber and a steam turbine. The steam is conducted from the steam boiler (10) along a connector to the steam turbine (11) for rotating an electric generator (G) producing electricity. The supply water circulated via the steam boiler (10) is vaporized in vaporizer (190) located in the steam boiler (10) and superheated in a superheater (120). The supply water is conducted into the boiler through an economizer (20) acting as a heat exchanger, in which heat is transferred from the flue gases of the boiler into the supply water. The economizer (20) is provided with at least two sections, comprising at least one first economizer section (20a1) and at least one second economizer section (20a2).

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream, external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by recirculating a portion of a liquid stream prior to further cooling. The new thermodynamic processes and systems for accomplishing these improved efficiencies are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: A steam turbine power plant comprises a high-pressure turbine to be driven by steam generated by a steam generator, a first reheater for separating moisture from steam discharged from the high-pressure turbine and heating the steam, an intermediate-pressure turbine to be driven by the steam heated by the first reheater, a second reheater for heating exhaust steam discharged from the intermediate-pressure turbine, and a low-pressure turbine to be driven by the steam heated by the second reheater. The intermediate-pressure turbine discharges dry steam.

Abstract: a new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream from an external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by mixing the liquid stream from the high pressure circuit with the spent low pressure circuit stream forming a lean system that can be condensed at a low pressure. The new thermodynamic process and the system for accomplishing it are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for operating a steam turbine (10) comprising several no-load or light-load phases (11, 12). All phases (11, 12) are supplied with steam in order to ensure good preheating. According to the invention, the supply of a phase (11) is selected in such a way that said phase (11) produces the least possible output, in particular no output. The enthalpy differential (&Dgr;h) between the entrance (25) to and exit (26) from the phase (11) is thus preferably reduced to zero.

Abstract: The invention relates to a power plant (1), with at least one turbo group (2) comprising at least one turbine (3) and at least one main burner (5) which is arranged upstream of the turbine (3), with at least one recuperator (11) which is arranged, on the one hand, in a first flow path (15) leading gas toward the turbo group (2) and, on the other hand, in a second flow path (12) leading the gas away from the turbo group (2), with at least one auxiliary burner (19) which is arranged outside the second flow path (12) and which is connected on the outlet side, at or upstream of the recuperator (11), to the second flow path (12).

Abstract: Apparatus and process for distilling a fluid mixture using low temperature glide heat are disclosed. A substantial portion of the glide heat is at a temperature lower than the peak distillation temperature. The disclosure achieves a maximal amount of distillative effect from a given heat source. Applications include absorption refrigeration and absorption power cycles. Referring to FIG. 1, column 104 and desorber 105 distill fluid in conduit 101 using low temperature glide heat. Divider 108 proportions fluid between them.

Abstract: A combined cycle steam turbine including a system for providing process extraction steam includes a control system for counteracting the thrust effect of the steam extraction flow at the exhaust of the high pressure section of the steam turbine. The control system includes a valve and piping arrangement for diverting HP exhaust packing leak-off steam from a lower pressure stage to a higher pressure stage of an intermediate pressure section of the steam turbine.

Abstract: In a vehicle designed so that a driven wheel is driven by uniting an output from an engine and an output from a Rankine cycle system to each other, an accelerator pedal and a throttle valve are connected electrically to each other by a DBW control unit. When an accelerator opening degree (&thgr;ap) commanded by a driver is increased, a throttle opening degree (&thgr;th) is increased by a correcting amount (&Dgr;&thgr;th) more than a value proportional to the accelerator opening degree (&thgr;ap), thereby compensating for an output shortage due to a response delay of the output from the Rankine cycle system. When the accelerator opening degree (&thgr;ap) commanded by the driver is decreased, the throttle opening degree (&thgr;th) is decreased by the correcting amount (&Dgr;&thgr;th) more than the value proportional to the accelerator opening degree (&thgr;ap), thereby compensating for an output excessiveness due to the response delay of the output from the Rankine cycle system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing power comprising a grate cooler for cooling clinker supplied from cement production apparatus, an electrostatic precipitator that extracts particulate matter from hot air supplied from said grate cooler, the grate cooler and electrostatic precipitator working in combination with an air-heat transfer heat-exchanger, a pre-heater, a vaporizer, a turbine, and a working fluid condenser, to produce power.

Abstract: Steam generator unit having a fluidized-bed combustion system, which has a fluidized-bed combustion chamber, at least one second gas pass, and at least one separator positioned between the fluidized-bed combustion chamber and second gas pass. The steam generator unit also having at least one superheater and two reheaters connected in series on the steam side. The first reheater is constructed with a regulated bypass mechanism on the steam side, so that a partial flow of the steam fed to the second reheater can be directed past the first reheater, such that the first reheater is positioned in the second gas pass and the second reheater is positioned in the fluidized-bed combustion chamber.

Abstract: A waste-to-energy incineration system, in which the amount and heat value of exhaust gas largely changes in long and short periods, comprises an incinerator for burning waste, a boiler in the incinerator for generating steam with exhaust heat generated by the incinerator, a superheater for superheating steam generated in the boiler, a steam turbine driven by steam superheated by the superheater, a generator driven by the steam turbine, a fuel reformer for reforming source fuel, and a combustor burning fuel gas reformed by the fuel reformer and at least a part of exhaust gas led from the incinerator which is able to stably decompose generated dioxin in waste incineration exhaust gas.

Abstract: Microprocessor-based control sub-systems which control the thermal and electrical output of integrated micro-combined heat and power generation (M-CHP) systems used to supply domestic electrical power, domestic space heating (SH) water, and domestic hot water (DHW). The M-CHP system uses a microprocessor controller to control the internal operating conditions, such as pump speeds, gas flow rate, and evaporator outlet temperature. Controlling these parameters enables setting the capacity of the system at any instant in time, thereby permitting load following, using a variable capacity operation. The controller also monitors through sensors a number of additional safety controls and system protection devices, such as relays/contactor of the alternator to grid, and electrical trips to the feed pump, the oil pump, the hydronic pump, the blower, the gas valve, the expander bypass valves, and other electrically powered devices in the system.

Abstract: In a method for controlling a steam turbine installation having a reheater (7) arranged between high-pressure turbine (2) and medium-pressure turbine (3) or low-pressure turbine (4), a low-pressure bypass (18) with a low-pressure bypass valve (19) also being present, which bypass leads from the reheater outlet into a condenser (5), a flexible and optimum control with respect to variable high-pressure turbine exhaust steam temperature (THD) is achieved in that characteristic curves for the required value of the reheater pressure are used for controlling the low-pressure bypass valve (19) during run-up, during (partial) load rejection procedures or during idling, which characteristic curves depend on the load (L) applied to the installation, and/or on the pressure (P) before the high-pressure turbine blading and/or on the reheater steam flow (M), and also on the high-pressure turbine exhaust steam temperature (THD), and/or on the temperature (TFD) and/or on the pressure (pFD) of the live steam introduced into t

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement in the production of electric energy in a boiler plant of a pulp mill. Black liquor having a dry solids content of more than 80% and combustion air are fed into a furnace of a recovery boiler for combusting black liquor and recovering chemicals contained therein. The flue gases generated in the combustion are led into an economizer of the recovery boiler, in which economizer the feed water for the boiler is heated, and after the economizer to gas cleaning. The feed water is led from the economizer onto the steam-generating bank at a temperature below the saturation temperature and further into a superheater to produce steam having a pressure of more than 80 bar. The steam is led from the recovery boiler to a steam turbine to produce electricity. The temperature of the feed water being led into the economizer is regulated by means of bleed steam of the turbine so that the flue gases exit the economizer at a temperature of more than 250° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatus and methods for producing both heat and electrical energy by burning fuels in a stove or boiler using a novel arrangement of a surface heat exchanger and microturbine-powered generator and novel surface heat exchanger. The equipment is particularly suited for use in rural and relatively undeveloped areas, especially in cold regions and highlands.

Abstract: Steam generation apparatus and methods are presented that are dedicated to oxygen-enriched air combustion of a fuel, wherein the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched air may range from just above 21 percent to 100 percent. One apparatus comprises an oxygen-enriched air preheater through which oxygen-enriched air flows and exchanges heat indirectly with flue gas, creating a preheated oxygen-enriched air stream. The apparatus further comprises a boiler having a radiant section and a convection section, and other heat transfer units adapted to handle reduced flue gas flow rate and higher temperature flue gases than comparable air/fuel combustion boilers, thus allowing a smaller heat transfer surface area, a more compact design and a higher efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and apparatus for utilizing waste heat to power a reconfigurable thermodynamic cycle that can be used to selectively cool or heat an environmentally controlled space, such as a room or a building. The present invention also provides a method of controlling the system, while allowing large variations in the heat input energy rate. The system provides a design which reasonably balances the need to maximize efficiency, while also keeping the design cost effective.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to reduce exhaust steam losses and thus efficiency losses in condensation power stations such that the steam does not expand to the attainable vacuum (as is the case in the prior art) but, after extraction from a turbine or the like, is elevated in the caloric content thereof to a higher pressure stage in a heat transformer by means of pumps, which are connected upstream therefrom and which are provided for the secondary circuit, in order to effect a renewed expansion at said heat transformer. This is repeated as often as possible until the quantity of heat which otherwise escapes through the cooling tower is largely converted into electric energy.

Abstract: In a method for controlling a steam turbine installation having a reheater (7) arranged between high-pressure turbine (2) and medium-pressure turbine (3) or low-pressure turbine (4), a low-pressure bypass (18) with a low-pressure bypass valve (19) also being present, which bypass leads from the reheater outlet into a condenser (5), a flexible and optimum control with respect to variable high-pressure turbine exhaust steam temperature (THD) is achieved in that characteristic curves for the required value of the reheater pressure are used for controlling the low-pressure bypass valve (19) during run-up, during (partial) load rejection procedures or during idling, which characteristic curves depend on the load (L) applied to the installation, and/or on the pressure (P) before the high-pressure turbine blading and/or on the reheater steam flow (M), and also on the high-pressure turbine exhaust steam temperature (THD), and/or on the temperature (TFD) and/or on the pressure (pFD) of the live steam introduced into t

Abstract: The instant invention provides a gas depressurization station, comprising a preheater for preheating a gas, an expander having an output shaft for expanding and depressurizing the gas, and an air compressor coupled to the output shaft for creating high pressure air for use in controlling the depressurization process. The invention is also directed to a method for safely depressurizing a gas, comprising: passing the gas through a preheater and a gas expander which drives an output shaft; driving an air compressor attached to said output shaft to produce compressed air; and controlling the pressure of said compressed air by means of control throttling means; whereby unwanted variations in the speed of rotation of said output shaft may be safely controlled by said control throttling means.

Abstract: A method for controlling a steam turbine with a steam bleed for various operational tasks is provided. The operational tasks are each characterized by the type of the controlled variables used for controlling the steam turbine. A control structure is used for deriving actuating signals for actuating elements for valves. The actuating signals are derived from control signals of the regulators which are used. Only a single control structure is used for all the operational tasks. As a result, the configuration of the control is simplified, the control signals are decoupled, and a smooth changeover between the operational tasks is achieved. A device for controlling a steam turbine is also provided.

Abstract: In a gasification furnace, a combustible gas is generated from an organic substance for gasification containing biomass of organic wastes or the like. An engine of a cogeneration is operated using this combustible gas to generate electricity by an electric generator driven by the engine, and hot water is generated by heating water in a radiator. The hot water is heated by a superheated steam generator of a heat storage type utilizing the electric power from the electric generator to generate superheated steam. Furthermore, a dry-distilled gas and a carbide are generated by dry-distilling and carbonizing an organic substance for carbonization containing biomass of organic wastes or the like with this superheated steam in the carbonization furnace. Thus, the resources are recovered from the organic substances containing biomass of organic wastes or the like by gasifying or carbonizing the organic substances with the superheated steam.

Abstract: A pressure and flow control apparatus includes first to third pipes, fluid being supplied to the first pipe and outputted from the third pipe, a pressure control valve, a control valve, and a control unit. The pressure control valve is provided between the first and second pipes and opened or closed based on a first opening degree to control flow of the fluid from the second pipe to the third pipe. The control valve is provided between the second and third pipes and opened or closed based on a second opening degree to control flow of the fluid from the first pipe to the second pipe. The control unit determines the first opening degree, and determines the second opening degree based on the first opening degree and a pressure in the second pipe.

Abstract: A waste-to-energy incineration system, in which the amount and the heat value of exhaust gas largely changes in long and a short periods, comprises an incinerator for burning waste, a boiler in the incinerator for generating steam with exhaust heat generated by the incinerator, a superheater for superheating steam generated in the boiler, a steam turbine driven by steam superheated by the superheater, a generator driven by the steam turbine, a fuel reformer for reforming source fuel, and a combustor burning fuel gas reformed by the fuel reformer and at least a part of exhaust gas led from the incinerator which is able to stably decompose generated dioxin in waste incineration exhaust gas.

Abstract: Reheat of reheat regenerative steam power cycle increases its efficiency by increasing the average temperature of heat reception. In spite of such an increase in efficiency, reheating increases the irreversibility of feed water heaters by using superheated steam of a greater temperature difference in the regenerative cycle. This invention introduces some modifications to the regular reheat regenerative steam power cycle that reduces the irreversibility of the regenerative process. The invention applies reversible reheating in addition to the regular reheating and uses smaller temperature differences across feed water heaters than the regular cycle. A comparison study between the regular reheat regenerative cycle and the invented cycle is done. The results indicate that a gain in efficiency of up to 2.5% is obtained when applying invented cycle at the same conditions of pressure, temperatures, number of reheating stages, and feed water heaters.

Abstract: A method is provided for implementing a thermodynamic cycle with district water heating capabilities that combines a simplified Kalina bottoming cycle with a district water heating plant. The preferred method includes pressurizing, vaporizing and superheating a mixture working fluid (e.g., H2O/NH3) using gas turbine exhaust energy in a heat recovery vapor generator, expanding the working fluid in a turbine to produce power, and then transferring the working fluid thermal energy to the district water by condensing the working fluid in a single stage condenser. The method can also include systems that efficiently use excess thermal energy only when the district water heating demand is low, e.g., during summer months.

Abstract: Steam generator unit having a fluidized-bed combustion system, which has a fluidized-bed combustion chamber, at least one second gas pass, and at least one separator positioned between the fluidized-bed combustion chamber and second gas pass. The steam generator unit also having at least one superheater and two reheaters connected in series on the steam side. The first reheater is constructed with a regulated bypass mechanism on the steam side, so that a partial flow of the steam fed to the second reheater can be directed past the first reheater, such that the first reheater is positioned in the second gas pass and the second reheater is positioned in the fluidized-bed combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method for producing power, in accordance with the present invention, comprises the steps of: supplying clinker from cement production apparatus to a grate cooler for cooling the clinker; and extracting hot air from the grate cooler and supplying it to a filter e.g. an electrostatic precipitator or bag filter. When an electrostatic precipitator is used for extracting particulate matter from the hot air supplied from the grate cooler, the filtered air exiting the electrostatic precipitator is supplied to an air-heat transfer fluid heat-exchanger for heating the heat transfer fluid. A working fluid is vaporized using heat in the heated heat transfer fluid and vaporized working fluid and heat depleted heat transfer fluid is produced. Heat in the heat depleted heat transfer fluid is used to pre-heat working fluid while vaporized working fluid produced in the vaporizer is supplied to a turbine for producing power.

Abstract: A waste-to-energy incineration system, in which the amount and the heat value of exhaust gas largely changes in a long and a short periods, comprises an incinerator for burning waste, a boiler in the incinerator for generating steam with exhaust heat generated by the incinerator, a superheater for superheating steam generated in the boiler, a steam turbine driven by steam superheated by the superheater, a generator driven by the steam turbine, a fuel reformer for reforming source fuel, and a combustor burning fuel gas reformed by the fuel reformer and at least a part of exhaust gas led from the incinerator which are able to stably decompose generated dioxin, whereby it becomes possible to stably and almost completely decompose dioxin in waste incineration exhaust gas.

Abstract: A steam turbine has a high-pressure turbine section and a medium-pressure turbine section fluidically connected to the high-pressure turbine section. The high-pressure turbine section is a chamber configuration and the medium-pressure turbine section is a drum configuration. Alternatively, the high-pressure turbine section is a drum configuration and the medium-pressure turbine section is a chamber configuration. Alternatively, or additionally, the high-pressure turbine section is a double-flow configuration and the medium-pressure turbine section is a double-flow configuration.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for additional thermal heating for motor vehicle equipped with pollution-free engine operating with additional compressed air injection into the combustion chamber (2) and having high pressure compressed air storage reservoir (23). The high pressure compressed air contained in the reservoir is previously to its final use at a lower pressure, directed towards a thermal heater (56) to increase its pressure and/or volume before it is injected into the combustion or expension chamber (2). The invention is applicable to all engines equipped with compressed air injection.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to ensure a fast, economical and reliable power regulation of a steam generating power plant (1) having a turbo set that comprises a steam turbine (2) and a generator (6) and during the operation of which water (W) is injected into or upstream of an overheater heating surface According to the disclosed fast power regulating process of the steam generating power plant (1), the injection rate of water (W) is increased to adjust an additional generator output. In a steam generating power plant (1) which is particularly suitable for carrying out the process, an overheater heating surface, of a steam generator (28) is provided with a water injector (70, 71) connected to a regulating component (82) for regulating the injection rate of water (W) into the overheater heating surface. The regulating component (82) supplies a regulating signal to the water injector, (70, 72), depending on the required additional generator output.

Abstract: The external combustion hot air power system comprises a compressor, a recuperator, a heated mult-process expander, a surrounding combustion chamber and necessary fuel system, controls, fluid flow passages, mechanical connections and structure. The multiprocess expander provides for isobaric and isothermal expansions. Air is compressed and then heated by combustion products in a recuperator heat exchanger. This hot compressed air is further heated and expanded at approximately constant pressure in the isobaric expander to generate power. Additional power is generated downstream by isothermal expansion. Hot expanded air flows from the expander into the surrounding combustion chamber to support combustion. Isobaric expansion must be heated by the hottest portion of the combustion chamber to increase the temperature of the expanding gas. Combustion products flow from the combustion chamber and through the hot side of the (recuperator) heat exchanger to regeneratively heat previously compressed air.

Abstract: A waste-to-energy incineration system, in which the amount and heat value of exhaust gas largely changes in long and short periods, comprises an incinerator for burning waste, a boiler in the incinerator for generating steam with exhaust heat generated by the incinerator, a superheater for superheating steam generated in the boiler, a steam turbine driven by steam superheated by the superheater, a generator driven by the steam turbine, a fuel reformer for reforming source fuel, and a combustor burning fuel gas reformed by the fuel reformer and at least a part of exhaust gas led from the incinerator which is able to stably decompose generated dioxin in waste incineration exhaust gas.

Abstract: The power plant according to the present invention improves the efficiency of conversion from thermal energy to electrical energy, and is provided with a first thermoelectric conversion element that generates electric power by using a difference in temperature between a temperature inside a boiler combustion chamber and a temperature of water supplied to the boiler from a feed water heater, and a second thermoelectric conversion element installed on the feed water heater that generates electric power by using a difference in temperature between a temperature of steam supplied from a turbine and the temperature of water supplied from a condenser.