Abstract: A waste heat recovery system includes a hot gas stream flow path, a pump, an expander, a first working fluid flow path fluidly connecting a pump outlet and an expander inlet, a second working fluid flow path fluidly connecting an expander outlet and a pump inlet, a first heat exchange section that transfers heat from the hot gas stream to working fluid traveling along the first working fluid flow path, a second heat exchange that transfers heat from the hot gas stream to working fluid traveling along the first working fluid flow path between the pump and the first heat exchange section, and a third working fluid flow path fluidly connecting a first point of the first working fluid path to a second point of the second working fluid path to permit at least a portion of the working fluid to bypass the first heat exchange section and the expander.

Abstract: A system and a method are provided that may be used to control the temperature of steam being reheated by a moisture separator reheater (MSR). The temperature of a steam being reheated by a MSR may be sensed, and controller embodiments may use the sensed temperature to control the transfer of heat from various MSR components into the reheated steam. By using such control embodiments, the MSR may provide optimally heated steam to other power plant components, thus increasing the performance, efficiency, and safety of a power plant.

Abstract: The technology combines a secondarily-fueled boiler with a primary-fueled Rankine steam cycle combustion system in a hybrid process. Outputs from a secondarily-fueled combustion system are fed into the feedwater heater(s), deaerators, feedwater heating lines, and/or reheat lines of a primary-fueled Rankine system. The integrated steam flow eliminates or reduces one or more extractions from the steam turbine generator, thereby allowing it to generate more electrical power using the same Rankine system input energy or generate equivalent electrical power using energy inputs from multiple fuel sources. The technology can be utilized in any type and/or configuration of secondary fuel or secondarily-fueled combustion technology and/or can utilize any type of primary-fueled steam source.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a short-term increase in power in a steam turbine including a fossil-fired steam generator having a flow path through which a flow medium flows. The method involves tapping off the flow medium from the flow path in a pressure stage and injecting it into the flow path on the flow-medium side upstream of a super heater heating surface of the respective pressure stage. A first characteristic value is used as a controlled variable for the amount of injected flow medium. The first characteristic value is characteristic of the deviation between the outlet temperature of a final super heater heating surface of the respective pressure stage on the flow medium side and a predetermined nominal temperature value. The nominal temperature value is reduced and, for the duration of the reduction in the nominal temperature value, the characteristic value is temporarily increased over-proportionately to the deviation.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system includes a Brayton cycle system having an heater configured to circulate carbon dioxide vapor in heat exchange relationship with a hot fluid to heat carbon dioxide vapor. A Rankine cycle system is coupled to the Brayton cycle system and configured to circulate a working fluid in heat exchange relationship with the carbon dioxide vapor to heat the working fluid.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods related to an engine for converting heat into mechanical output using a working fluid in a closed circulating system are disclosed. In some embodiments, the engine includes a pump to pressurize the working fluid, a regenerative heat exchanger to transfer heat from a first portion of the working fluid to a second portion, a heating device to heat the working fluid, and a scroll expander to expand the working fluid and generate the mechanical output. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for converting heat into a usable form of energy, where the system and method are designed to utilize at least two separate heat sources simultaneously, where one heat source stream has a higher initial temperature and a second heat source stream has a lower initial temperature, which is transferred to and a multi-component working fluid from which thermal energy is extracted.

Abstract: A cascaded Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system includes a bottoming cycle working fluid is first evaporated and then superheated and a topping cycle working fluid is first desuperheated and then condensed such that a percentage of total heat transfer from the topping cycle fluid that occurs during a saturated condensation is equal to or less than a percentage of total heat transfer to the bottoming cycle fluid that occurs during a saturated evaporation.

Abstract: The technology combines a secondarily-fueled boiler with a primary-fueled Rankine steam cycle combustion system in a hybrid process. Outputs from a secondarily-fueled combustion system are fed into the feedwater heater(s), deaerators, feedwater heating lines, and/or reheat lines of a primary-fueled Rankine system. The integrated steam flow eliminates or reduces one or more extractions from the steam turbine generator, thereby allowing it to generate more electrical power using the same Rankine system input energy or generate equivalent electrical power using energy inputs from multiple fuel sources. The technology can be utilized in any type and/or configuration of secondary fuel or secondarily-fueled combustion technology and/or can utilize any type of primary-fueled steam source.

Abstract: A method for improvement of a fossil fuel energy conversion into electrical energy for the simple sub- and supercritical steam cycle is proposed through introduction of additional regenerative cycle duties to improve the evaporation rate per unit of fuel burned, thus minimizing condenser heat loss of the working media. The additional duties provide a supplemental energy credit in the form of heat input to a steam generator where a modified combustion process is realized to convert fossil fuel into carbon monoxide and hydrogen at atmospheric pressure and thus achieving an essential reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) formation. The additional duties also involve a direct contact heat transfer to recover latent and thermal energy, contained in the discharged combustion products to provide yet another energy credit that satisfies both conventional and/or added regenerative cycle duties.

Abstract: An exemplary steam plant having a steam circuit which includes a superheater defining a boundary between a superheated steam region and an unsuperheated steam region. The steam circuit includes a branch, from a superheated steam region of the steam circuit, with a branch valve and a steam desuperheater upstream of the branch valve. The desuperheater provides cooling to the branch during flow mode operation of the branch. During a no flow mode, a first preheat line and a second preheat line provide the cooling by supplying unsuperheated steam to the branch and directing this flow through to a lower pressure region of the steam circuit.

Abstract: A solar power plant includes a first solar reflective system configured to heat a first heat transfer fluid to a temperature within a first temperature range and at least a second solar reflective system coupled to the first solar reflective system, the second solar reflective system having a second heat transfer fluid configured to be heated to a temperature within the first temperature range by the first heat transfer fluid, the second solar reflective system configured to heat the second heat transfer fluid to a temperature within a second temperature range. The solar power plant may also include a power generation system coupled to the first solar reflective system and the second solar reflective system and configured to generate electricity by receiving heat from the first heat transfer fluid and the second heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: An enhanced steam cycle utilizing a dual pressure recovery boiler with reheat. A dual pressure designed recovery boiler furnace is provided with a lower furnace and an upper furnace. The lower furnace is operated at a lower temperature to prevent or reduce corrosion of the lower furnace wall tubes. The lower furnace can be either a low pressure natural circulation steam generating (drum) system or economizer. The upper furnace operates as a high pressure natural circulation steam generating (drum) system, or as a once-through supercritical steam generating system at higher temperatures and pressures permitting implementation of higher efficiency reheat steam cycles.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system includes a high pressure turbine and a low pressure turbine, in which the high pressure turbine receives high pressure working fluid vapor, the low pressure turbine receives low pressure working fluid vapor and the high pressure turbine also supplies low pressure working fluid vapor to the low pressure turbine. A recuperator receives working fluid vapor from the low pressure turbine. The recuperator produces heated condensate, at least a portion of which is provided to a high pressure vaporizer. The high pressure vaporizer is configured to receive from a high temperature heat source and produces high pressure working vapor used to power the high pressure turbine. The remaining condensed fluid is provided to a low pressure vaporizer which is configured to receive heat from a low-temperature heat source, thereby producing low pressure working fluid vapor used to power the low pressure turbine.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at the thermodynamic property amplification of a given thermal supply, provided by hydrocarbon combustion or in the preferred application heat provided by low-grade geothermal energy from the earth, for a vapor power cycle. The present invention achieves the desired objectives by segregating the compressible supercritical energy stream from the heat exchanger (boiler) into hot and cool fractions using a vortex tube, where the hot temperature is elevated above the heat exchanger temperature; and adding back heat (enthalpy) to the cool stream increasing the cool temperature to that of the geothermal heat exchanger.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of generating superheated steam for use in power generation. The method comprises: (a) preheating feed water to a temperature below its boiling point; (b) boiling the preheated feed water to produce steam; and (c) superheating the steam. The feed water is boiled by heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid which has been heated by heat collected in a first solar radiation absorption device. In addition, one or other or both of the preheating and superheating is carried out by direct heating in a further solar radiation absorption device or devices. The invention also relates to an apparatus for generating superheated steam for use in power generation.

Abstract: A power generation plant and a method of generating electric energy from recovered heat during an industrial process that uses steam as a means of transferring energy. The method comprises: a) generating a first saturated steam in a first heat exchanger heated by a first source of recovered heat; b) feeding the first saturated steam into a first steam turbine generator, where the first steam turbine generator outputs exhaust steam; c) removing moisture from the exhaust steam with a moisture separator; d) superheating the moisture reduced exhaust steam from step c) in a main heat exchanger with a heat source; and e) feeding the superheated exhaust steam into a second steam turbine generator. The power generation plant comprises a first source of saturated steam, a first steam turbine generator, a moisture separator, a second source of saturated steam, a heat exchanger and a second steam turbine generator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for increasing the steam mass flow of a high-pressure steam turbine of a steam power plant, particularly a steam power plant including reheating, during a start-up phase of the steam power plant, particularly also during an idle period of the steam power plant, wherein at least one electric consumer is connected upstream of a generator of the steam power plant before synchronization with a power supply grid. The invention further relates to a steam power plant, comprising a generator, a high-pressure steam turbine, and at least one electric consumer, which can also be connected during a start-up phase of the steam power plant, particularly also during an idle period of the steam power plant, in order to increase a steam mass flow of the high-pressure steam turbine before a synchronization process of the generator with a power supply grid.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) for the conversion of thermal energy into electric energy, comprising at least one heat exchanger unit for re-superheating the working fluid by means of the thermovector fluid from the hot source, between the discharge of the first expander and the input of the second expander, and a regenerator unit including a first regenerator and at least one second regenerator for regenerating the working fluid in at least two successive stages, in said first regenerator and at least in said second regenerator respectively, with an additional regenerative heat exchange along the flow line connecting the liquid working fluid output of the second regenerator to the liquid working fluid input of the first regenerator.

Abstract: A solar thermal power plant using indirect evaporation is provided. The solar power plant includes a primary circuit having a heat transfer medium conduction system and at least one solar thermal subassembly for heating the heat transfer medium by means of solar energy, a steam secondary circuit having a steam turbine system, and a generator coupled to the steam turbine system. The system includes a specific interconnection in the heat exchanger in order to improve the overall efficiency of the power plant. A method for operating such a solar thermal power plant using indirect evaporation is also provided.

Abstract: A carbon-dioxide-capture-type steam power generation system 1 according to the present invention comprises a boiler 6 producing an exhaust gas 5 by combusting a fuel 2 and having a flue 8; an absorbing unit 40 being configured to absorb the carbon-dioxide contained in the exhaust gas 5 into an absorbing solution; and a regenerating unit 44 being configured to release the carbon dioxide gas from the absorbing solution absorbing the carbon dioxide and discharge the released carbon dioxide gas. Further, in this system, a reboiler 49 is provided for receiving a heating-medium as heat source, producing a steam 43 and supplying the produced steam 43 to the regenerating unit 44. Additionally, in the flue 8 of the boiler 6, a boiler-side heat exchanger 61 is provided for heating the heating-medium by the exhaust gas 5 passing therethrough.

Abstract: A method of improving heat utilization in a thermodynamic cycle, the method comprising heating a working stream in a at least one distillation assembly to produce a rich stream and a lean stream; wherein the distillation assembly comprises a bottom reboiler section, a middle distillation section and a top condenser section; superheating the rich stream in at least one superheater to produce a gaseous working stream; expanding the gaseous working stream in at least one means for expansion to obtain energy in usable form and at least one spent stream; mixing the spent stream and the lean stream to produce a mixed stream; condensing the mixed stream in an absorber-condenser assembly using cooling water to obtain a condensed stream; exchanging heat between the condensed stream and the rich stream to partially condense the rich stream before step b); whereby the condensed stream on heat exchange gives a liquid working stream; exchanging heat between the liquid working stream and the lean stream in at least one hea

Abstract: A system and methods are disclosed that assist in biasing of a working fluid. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a first portion of a working fluid to a first low pressure turbine and a second portion of the working fluid to a second low pressure turbine, the second portion being greater in quantity than the first portion; processing the first portion of the working fluid in the first low pressure turbine to create a first exhaust fluid and processing the second portion of the working fluid in the second low pressure turbine to create a second exhaust fluid; providing the first exhaust fluid to a first condenser; and providing the second exhaust fluid to a second condenser, wherein the second exhaust fluid is greater in quantity than the first exhaust fluid.

Abstract: A geothermal power system includes a steam turbine and a closed loop working fluid system having a preheater, a vaporizer, a superheater, an expander, a condenser, and a pump and a working fluid disposed to pass sequentially through the preheater, vaporizer, superheater, expander, condenser, and pump. Geothermal fluid is separated into a steam stream and a brine stream. The steam is expanded across the steam turbine to generate power, and thereafter exhaust from the steam turbine passes through the vaporizer to vaporize the working fluid. Geothermal brine is first used to heat vaporized working fluid in the superheater and is then used to preheat liquid working fluid in the preheater.

Abstract: Simple thermodynamic cycles, methods and apparatus for implementing the cycles are disclosed, where the method and system involve once or twice enriching an upcoming basic solution stream, where the systems and methods utilize relatively low temperature external heat source streams, especially low temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein that generally involve a double pinch criterion for optimization of regenerative Rankine cycles. In some embodiments, operating variables such as bleed extraction pressure and bleed flow rate are selected such that a double pinch is obtained in a feedwater heater, thereby improving the efficiency of the Rankine cycle. In particular, a first pinch point is obtained at the onset of condensation of the bleed and a second pinch point is obtained at the exit of the bleed from the feedwater heater. The minimal approach temperature at the first pinch point can be approximately equal to the minimal approach temperature at the second pinch point. Systems that employ regenerative Rankine cycles, methods of operating such systems, and methods of optimizing the operation of such systems are disclosed herein in connection with the double pinch criterion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an exhaust gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger including a housing having a working fluid inlet, a working fluid outlet, an exhaust inlet, and an exhaust outlet, an exhaust flow path extending through the housing between the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet, and a working fluid flow path extending through the housing between the working fluid inlet and the working fluid outlet and having a first portion and a second portion. A flow of working fluid along the first portion of the working fluid flow path can be substantially counter to a flow of exhaust along the exhaust flow path, and the flow of working fluid along the second portion of the working fluid flow path can be substantially parallel to the flow of exhaust along the exhaust flow path.

Abstract: In a nuclear power plant, thermal power in a second operation cycle of a nuclear reactor is uprated from thermal power in a first operation cycle preceding the second operation cycle by at least one operation cycle. A proportion of steam extracted from a steam system and introduced to a feedwater heater, which is in particular extracted from an intermediate point and an outlet of a high pressure turbine, with respect to a flow rate of main steam, is reduced in the second operation cycle from that in the first operation cycle such that the temperature of feedwater discharged from the feedwater heater is lowered by 1° C. to 40° C. in the second operation cycle.

Abstract: A method comprises heating a feedwater stream in a feedwater heater, boiling the feedwater stream in a boiler to produce a steam stream, superheating the steam stream in the boiler to produce a superheated steam stream, producing power using the superheated steam stream to produce an outlet steam stream, using a first portion of the outlet steam stream to provide heat for the heating step, and modulating the flow of the first portion of the outlet steam stream below a full flow to allow the superheated steam stream to meet a superheated steam set point.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention can provide systems and methods for pre-warming a heat recovery steam generator and associated steam lines. According to one embodiment, a method for pre-warming a heat recovery steam generator can be provided. The method can include providing heating steam from a steam source. The heating steam is directed from the steam source to a superheater so that at least a portion of the superheater can be warmed. Once exiting the superheater, the heating steam can be further directed from the superheater to at least one bypass line and maintained in the bypass line until the bypass line attains a predefined temperature or pressure. Furthermore, the method can include directing, after the bypass line attains a predefined temperature or pressure, at least a portion of the heating steam from the bypass line to a reheater so that the reheater can be warmed.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a carbon-dioxide-recovery-type thermal power generation system includes an absorption column allows carbon dioxide contained in exhaust gas from a boiler to be absorbed in an absorption liquid, a regeneration column that discharges a carbon dioxide gas from the absorption liquid supplied from the absorption column, a reboiler that heats the absorption liquid discharged from the regeneration column and supplies steam generated, to the regeneration column, a condenser that generates condensate by cooling the steam exhausted from a turbine, a heater that heats the condensate, a water supply pump that supplies the condensate to the boiler, a line through the steam extracted from the turbine is supplied to the reboiler and the heater, and a steam flow rate adjusting unit. The steam flow rate adjusting unit maintains an amount of steam, which is extracted from the turbine through the line, to be constant.

Abstract: A steam assisted, optional dual drive internal combustion engine with cylinders containing a piston, where the region above a piston is a combustion chamber and a region below a piston is a water injection chamber. The engine generally has a single intake/exhaust valve in the combustion chamber, and an exhaust valve in said water injection chamber. A water injector in the water injection chamber injects water during a compression stroke of the piston which immediately vaporizes to become steam providing an upward second power stroke per cycle. The engine can have an EGR chamber with a regulator to admit a measured exhaust gas recirculation into the combustion chamber on the intake stroke, and it can utilize intake-exhaust heat exchange to pre-heat the intake mixture. In an alternate embodiment, the engine can use different cylinders to separately drive the front and rear wheels of a vehicle so that part of the engine can be shut off when not needed.

Abstract: A cyclone separator for phase separation of a fluid stream has a rotationally symmetrical housing with a hollow chamber. Feed lines feed the fluid stream into the housing substantially tangentially. At least one discharge line conducts the separated gaseous fraction. In order to ensure uniform and homogeneous flow distribution of the steam to be heated as it enters the heating phase, the hollow chamber, when viewed in the radial direction from the mid-axis, has an outflow chamber with a circular cross section and, in radial sequence, a heating chamber, an intermediate chamber, a dryer chamber and an inflow chamber. The inflow chamber is outwardly delimited by the housing. The heating chamber contains heating elements for heating the gaseous fraction. At least one fine separator and at least one associated condensate-collecting trough are arranged in the dryer chamber.

Abstract: A boiler system for producing steam from water includes a plurality of serially arranged oxy fuel boilers. Each boiler has an inlet in flow communication with a plurality of tubes. The tubes of each boiler form at least one water wall. Each of the boilers is configured to substantially prevent the introduction of air. Each boiler includes an oxy fuel combustion system including an oxygen supply for supplying oxygen having a purity of greater than 21 percent, a carbon based fuel supply for supplying a carbon based fuel and at least one oxy-fuel burner system for feeding the oxygen and the carbon based fuel into its respective boiler in a near stoichiometric proportion. The oxy fuel system is configured to limit an excess of either the oxygen or the carbon based fuel to a predetermined tolerance. The boiler tubes of each boiler are configured for direct, radiant energy exposure for energy transfer. Each of the boilers is independent of each of the other boilers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recovering heat by joining a plurality of heat flows of a fossil-fired, in particular carbon-fired, power plant (1), which downstream of the combustion comprises a CO2 scrubbing station (58) for the flue gas by way of chemical absorption and/or desorption and associated CO2 compression (27), which method aims to enable a CO2 scrubbing station for the flue gas, with associated CO2 compression, to be integrated into the total energy heat flow and/or the total heat energy balance of a fossil-fired, in particular carbon-fired, preferably conventional, power plant in a way that is advantageous in terms of heating technology.

Abstract: A method of assembling a steam turbine power system with a coolant source is provided. The method includes providing a first steam turbine train including a first high pressure turbine assembly, a first low pressure turbine assembly coupled in flow communication with the first high pressure turbine assembly, and a first condenser coupled in flow communication with the first low pressure turbine assembly. The method also includes providing a second steam turbine train including a second high pressure turbine assembly, a second low pressure turbine assembly coupled in flow communication with the second high pressure turbine assembly, and a second condenser coupled in flow communication with the second low pressure turbine assembly.

Abstract: A hydrogen based combined steam cycle apparatus having an irreversible isobaric Rankine steam cycle portion, an irreversible isobaric Carnot steam cycle portion and a reversible isobaric Rankine steam cycle portion, all three portions of which operate simultaneously. The apparatus includes a source of liquid oxygen, a source of liquid hydrogen, a combustion chamber, a first pump and at second pump. At the first pump, the liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen from their respective sources are pumped to the combustion chamber where they are burned to produce heat, radiant energy and working fluid masses. A pressure vessel surrounds the combustion chamber. A superheater receives working fluid mass in the form of plasma from the combustion chamber and cools the plasma. A steam turbine receives working fluid mass from the superheater and outputs work. A condenser receives working fluid from the steam turbine and outputs liquid water.

Abstract: An ORC system configured to limit temperature of a working fluid below a threshold temperature is provided. The ORC system includes a heat source configured to convey a waste heat fluid. The ORC system also includes a heat exchanger coupled to the heat source. The heat exchanger includes an evaporator configured to receive the waste heat fluid from the heat source and vaporize the working fluid, wherein the evaporator is further configured to allow heat exchange between the waste heat fluid and the vaporized working fluid at an elevated temperature and further produce an evaporator outlet flow including a lower temperature waste heat fluid.

Abstract: A steam seal dump re-entry system delivers steam dump flow to an LP steam turbine. The system includes a steam seal header receiving steam leaking from turbine end seal packings, and a desuperheater receiving and cooling the steam from the steam seal header. The desuperheater outputs cooled steam. A temperature sensor is disposed downstream of the desuperheater and detects a temperature of the cooled steam. A flow control circuit communicating with the temperature sensor selectively delivers the cooled steam to at least one of the condenser and to the LP steam turbine depending on the temperature of the cooled steam.

Abstract: The air cooling system and method for a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) inlet provides a combined cycle power plant utilizing a powerful fan coupled to ductwork connected to pipes that enter the HRSG inlet duct coupled to an exhaust duct of a Combustion Turbine (CT) for lowering the temperature of the CT exhaust gas provided to the heat recovery steam generator by the CT. The cool air injection system is utilized during low load operation or startup of the CT to ensure that spray water from an inter-stage desuperheater in an HRSG is fully evaporated prior to entering the downstream superheater or reheater. A feedback system includes temperature elements measuring the mix temperature that regulates the cooling air injection rate into the HRSG inlet.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of pollutants in a combustion flue gas having a first temperature is provided. The method includes the step of providing an organic Rankine cycle apparatus utilizing a working fluid and including at least one heat exchanger is arranged in thermal communication with the flue gas. The method further includes the step of reducing the temperature of the flue gas to a second temperature less than the first temperature by vaporizing the working fluid within the heat exchanger utilizing thermal energy derived from the flue gas. The method further includes the step of filtering the flue gas through at least one filter disposed downstream of the heat exchanger to remove pollutants from the flue gas. An associated system configured to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the combustion flue gas is also provided.

Abstract: Heat recovery equipment recovers heat from flue gas. The heat recovery equipment includes a power generation plant that drives a steam turbine by superheated steam produced in a boiler, and an exhaust-gas treatment line that treats flue gas output from the boiler. The exhaust-gas treatment line includes a first air preheater, a heat extractor unit, and a dry electrostatic precipitator. The power generation plant includes a condensed water line. The condensed water line includes a condenser, a condensed water heater, and a low-pressure feedwater heater. The condensed water heater heats water condensed by the condenser with the heat recovered by the heat extractor unit.

Abstract: A method and system of generating high pressure steam from a low pressure low energy steam is described and includes providing providing a low pressure steam source; dividing the source into at least two streams. A first stream driving a turbine/expander coupled to a steam compressor of a steam generator. The steam compressor is fed by the second stream of the low pressure steam source, and the mass flow rate of the first stream is sufficient to raise the pressure of the second stream to a desired pressure. At steady state operating conditions the first and the second stream respectively acts as the driving force for the steam compressor and the inlet feed to the steam compressor generating the high pressure steam. In another embodiment the steam driven generator includes a thermocompressor and may include an organic thermal fluid Rankine cycle.

Abstract: A method of generating superheated steam in a solar thermal power plant is provided, in which in a flow section for heat transfer medium steam is generated by solar energy in an evaporator zone and the steam is superheated by solar energy in a superheater zone. An evaporation end point of the evaporator zone is fixed in position in a control method, in which a spatial temperature gradient in the superheater zone and a temperature in the evaporator zone are determined and the mass flow of heat transfer medium in the flow section is adjusted in dependence upon the temperature gradient and the measured temperature in the evaporator zone.

Abstract: An improved multi-stage compressor device for compressing gas, which compressor device (1) mainly consists of at least two compressor elements (2-5-28) placed in series one after the other, at least one of which (5-28) is driven by a motor (9), characterized in that at least one other compressor element (2) is driven separately, in other words without any mechanical link with said motor (9), by means of an expander (18) of a closed power cycle (12) with a circulating medium inside which is heated by the compressed gas.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic Rankine cycle power system, which comprises means for superheating vaporized organic motive fluid, an organic turbine module coupled to a generator, and a first pipe through which superheated organic motive fluid is supplied to the turbine, wherein the superheating means is a set of coils through which the vaporized organic motive fluid flows and which is in direct heat exchanger relation with waste heat gases.

Abstract: A steam power plant having at least one steam turbine unit and a process steam consumer is provided. The process steam consumer includes a heat exchanger. The steam turbine unit is connected to a heat exchanger by means of a extraction steam line, and a desuperheater is connected in the primary side of the extraction steam line, so that process steam extracted through the extraction steam line of the turbine system may be conditioned by the desuperheater to the process conditions of the process steam consumer, and the heat energy removed in the desuperheater can be fed back into the steam power plant system.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a carbon-dioxide-recovery-type steam power generation system comprises a boiler that generates steam and an exhaust gas, an absorption tower that allows carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas to be absorbed in an absorption liquid, a regeneration tower that discharges a carbon dioxide gas from the absorption liquid supplied from the absorption tower, a reboiler that heats the absorption liquid of the regeneration tower, a turbine that is rotationally driven by the steam, a first condenser, a second condenser, and a desuperheater. The first condenser generates condensate by cooling steam exhausted from the turbine. The second condenser condenses the carbon dioxide gas while using a part of the condensate as cooling water, and generates hot water. The desuperheater lowers the temperature of the steam exhausted from the turbine by spraying the hot water, and supplies the steam at lowered temperature to the reboiler.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the generation of electrical energy through the combination of steam flows produced from different fuel sources. Steam produced from processing of a biomass fuel source is combined with steam produced from the processing of natural gas or fossil fuel and routed through a steam turbine generator to produce electrical energy. The steam is preferably reheated after partial processing in the steam turbine generator and then recirculated for further processing in the steam turbine generators. Following extraction of all available energy from the steam, the steam is condensed to water, the feedwater is then reheated and pumped to the boilers of both energy sources for conversion into steam.

Abstract: Heat recovery systems and methods for producing electrical and/or mechanical power from a process heat by-product are provided. Sources of process heat by-product include hot flue gas streams, high temperature reactors, steam generators, gas turbines, diesel generators, and process columns. Heat recovery systems and methods include a process heat by-product stream for directly heating a working fluid of an organic Rankine cycle. The organic Rankine cycle includes a heat exchanger, a turbine-generator system for producing power, a condenser heat exchanger, and a pump for recirculating the working fluid to the heat exchanger.