Abstract: A method and system for operating a non-invasive blood pressure monitor that utilizes an SpO2 plethysmographic signal to reduce the time required to obtain an estimation of a patient's blood pressure. During operation of the NIBP monitor, the NIBP monitor utilizes the SpO2 plethysmographic signal to determine a timing period and a deflation period for each pulse associated with the patient's heartbeat. Upon receiving an oscillation pulse, the NIBP monitor determines the oscillation amplitude during the timing period and deflates the blood pressure cuff during the deflation period immediately following the timing period. Preferably, the deflation period occurs during the same oscillation pulse used to calculate the oscillation pulse amplitude to decrease the amount of time required to obtain a blood pressure estimate from the patient.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for measuring extreme blood pressure values during a single non-invasive blood measurement, the time intervals between sequential heartbeats are measured for a series of heartbeats in an oscillometric blood pressure measurement time period. Oscillometric blood pressure measurement data for the heartbeats of the series is obtained and associated with the heartbeat time intervals. An average time interval between heartbeats is also determined. A first data bin may be defined for blood pressure data associated with time intervals that are longer as compared to the average time interval. A second data bin is defined for blood pressure data with time intervals that are shorter as compared to the average time interval. The measured oscillometric blood pressure data is sorted into the data bins in accordance with the associated time intervals. The data in the first data bin is used to derive a high systolic blood pressure value and a low diastolic blood pressure value.

Abstract: The cardiovascular evaluation apparatus of the present invention maintains a pulse wave detection means for detecting pulse wave generated while external pressure is applied to the artery, a pulse wave pattern formulation means for formulating a pulse wave amplitude pattern that indicates the dependency characteristic of the pulse wave amplitude in regard to said external pressure, a pattern shape matching means for matching general polyangular patterns to a pattern portion of said pulse wave amplitude pattern that includes at least a part of the envelope curve where the area of the general pattern, and an index derivation means for deriving a cardiovascular dynamics index related to arterial mechanical characteristics and/or cardiac function.

Abstract: A blood pressure measuring apparatus oppresses blood vessels of a human body by an inflating unit through a cuff. When the blood vessels are oppressed through the cuff, a pulse wave superposed on a cuff pressure signal through a cuff pressure detector is detected by a pulse wave detector. The waveform of the detected pulse wave changes similarly to changes of pressure in the oppressed blood vessels in one heartbeat period. The information of the detected pulse wave waveform and the cuff pressure at this time are stored in a memory.

Abstract: A method of operating a blood pressure measurement system that utilizes a non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitor having a blood pressure cuff. During operation of the NIBP monitor, the blood pressure cuff is initially inflated. During the initial inflation, at least one pressure transducer monitors for the presence of oscillometric pulses and creates an oscillation signal. The oscillation signal is filtered and provided to a central processor. The central processor monitors for oscillometric pulses within the filtered signal and estimates a diastolic pressure and a systolic pressure for the patient. The estimated systolic and diastolic measurements taken during the initial inflation of the blood pressure cuff are used by the central processor to set a target inflation pressure and control the deflation of the blood pressure cuff from the initial inflation pressure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a tunnel type electronic sphygmomanometer measuring unit assembly that mainly improves the assembly between a measuring unit of a tunnel type electronic sphygmomanometer and a tunnel type electronic sphygmomanometer body of a prior art by installing an axle unit between the measuring unit of tunnel type electronic sphygmomanometer and the tunnel type electronic sphygmomanometer body to provide a multidirectional rotary function, such that the sphygmomanometer can be rotated in different directions by means of the axle unit to fit the posture of a user when a blood pressure is measured, and thus the invention enhances the accuracy of the sphygmomanometer for measuring blood pressure.

Abstract: An oscillometric, noninvasive blood pressure monitor comprising an inflatable cuff adapted for placement around a body member, a pump for cuff inflation, a pressure transducer connected to the cuff, means for detecting oscillations in arterial pressure occurring during a transition in cuff pressure between a pressure greater than normal systolic pressure and a pressure less than normal diastolic pressure, and a blood pressure measurement circuit which is capable of determining the maximum amplitude (Am) of the oscillations, identifying mean cuff pressure (Pm) as the coincident value of the cuff-pressure signal from the pressure transducer, and determining systolic pressure as a function of both Am and Pm. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the blood pressure monitor has an optical sensor including a light source and photodetector optically coupled to the body member proximate to the cuff.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic blood pressure monitor capable of realizing functions of blood pressure measurement in a shorter time and blood pressure measurement with more of correctness in the same and one construction thereof. The electronic blood pressure monitor includes: an oscillometric measuring section capable of calculating a blood pressure with a high precision using much of biogenic information though a time is required since a blood pressure is calculated during a period in which the cuff pressure is gradually changed; and an SPD measuring section completing measurement in a short time though a fluctuation in precision of measurement arises according to an with less of biogenic information since individual difference a blood pressure is calculated using only one or several pulse waves. Since the oscillometric measuring portion performs a calibration processing for the SPD measuring section simultaneously during measurement thereof, calibrating operation a complicated can be practically excluded.

Abstract: A method and a device for measuring blood pressure and heart rate in an environment comprising extreme levels of noise and vibrations is disclosed. Blood pressure signals corresponding to the Korotkoff sounds are detected using an array of primary acoustic sensors, placed on the patient's skin over the brachial artery. A secondary acoustic transducer is placed on the outside of a pressure cuff the patient away for detecting noise and vibrations. Pressure is applied to the artery using the pressure cuff forcing the artery to close. The pressure is then reduced and while reducing the pressure the acoustic signals detected by the first and second acoustic sensor as well as a signal indicative of the pressure applied to the artery are provided to a processor. The signals provided by the primary acoustic sensors are then processed using a combination of focused beamforming and planar wave beamforming.

Abstract: A method for measuring blood pressure during a limited number of blood pressure cycles at an area overlying an artery of a living subject, includes applying a pressure (P) to the artery for occluding the artery in response to a pressure signal. Subsequently the pressure is released to re-open the artery in response to a pressure release signal. A delay time is computed, by comparing a first time duration with a second time duration. The delay time is from a reference point in time after which a next pressure release signal is to be supplied to a device for applying a pressure. A pressure to be applied to the artery in a next measuring cycle is computed. Subsequently a pressure signal and a pressure release signal corresponding to the computed pressure and delay time are supplied to the device for applying a pressure.

Abstract: An arteriostenosis diagnosing apparatus which measures an ankle blood pressure at an ankle 12 of a patient and a brachium blood pressure at a brachium 14, so that the measured ankle and brachium blood pressure values are used to calculate an ankle and brachium blood pressure index ABI, and additionally measures a first pulse wave propagation velocity PWV1 with respect to the ankle 12 as a first measuring point and the brachium 14 as a second measuring point, and a second pulse wave propagation velocity PWV2 with respect to the patient's heart and the brachium 14.

Abstract: A blood flow amount estimating apparatus 10 which determines a cervical systolic blood pressure CBP(SYS) of a living subject, based on a brachial systolic blood pressure BBP(SYS) and a cervical pulse wave wc of the subject; determines, based on the cervical pulse wave and a heart sound of the subject, a pulse wave propagation velocity PWV as information related to sclerosis or hardness of a carotid artery 46 of the subject; and displays, in a two-dimensional graph 106 which is defined by a first axis 102 indicative of pulse wave propagation velocity PWV and a second axis 104 indicative of cervical systolic blood pressure CBP(SYS) and which indicates that blood flow amount changes with respective changes of cervical systolic blood pressure CBP(SYS) and pulse wave propagation velocity PVV, a symbol 108 representing the actually determined cervical systolic blood pressure CBP(SYS) and the actually determined pulse wave propagation velocity PWV, so that an observer can estimate, from the position of the symbol 10

Abstract: An apparatus including a brachium cuff 40 worn on a brachium of a patient, an ankle cuff 20 worn on an ankle of the patient, and a cuff pressure changing device 70 that slowly changes, in a blood pressure measuring operation, respective pressing pressures of the brachium and ankle cuffs 40, 20, while keeping the respective pressing pressures equal to each other. The apparatus additionally includes a pulse wave propagation velocity determining means 78 that determines a pulse wave propagation velocity PWV based on brachium and ankle pulse waves that are detected by the brachium and ankle cuffs 40, 20, respectively, when the respective pressing pressures of the brachium and ankle cuffs 40, 20 are equal to a systolic blood pressure of the brachium of the patient.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring blood pressure using linearly varying air pressure, including a compression unit; an air pump that injects air into the compression unit; a pressure sensor that senses and outputs the air pressure of the compression unit; an ADC that converts and outputs the result of the sensing as a pressure signal; a controller that calculates a current pressure value of the compression unit from the pressure signal and a linear pressure of the compression unit that is linearly dropped corresponding to the current pressure value and generates the first control signal in response to the current pressure value and a second control signal from the result of a comparison of the current pressure value and the linear pressure; a DAC that converts and outputs the second control signal as an exhaust control signal; and a proportional control valve that exhausts air from the compression unit.

Abstract: A method and a device for measuring systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in an environment comprising extreme levels of noise and vibrations is disclosed. Blood pressure signals corresponding to the Korotkoff sounds are detected using a first acoustic sensor, or array of sensors, placed on the patient's skin over the brachial artery. A second acoustic transducer is placed on the outside of a pressure cuff the patient away for detecting noise and vibrations. Pressure is applied to the artery using the pressure cuff forcing the artery to close. The pressure is then reduced and while reducing the pressure the acoustic signals detected by the first and second acoustic sensor as well as a signal indicative of the pressure applied to the artery are provided to a processor. The signal of the first acoustic sensor is then processed using an adaptive interferer canceller algorithm with the signal of the second acoustic sensor as interferer.

Abstract: An apparatus for blood pressure measurement capable of heart function assessment for readily putting on a living subject, comprising an inflatable cuff including a pressure-pulse-wave sensor, which is combined into one body with the cuff at an upper-stream side end of the cuff, when wrapped around an upper-arm portion, so as to detect, at the upper-stream side than a blood-flow stopped position, the pressure-pulse-wave, which is of the same waveform as an aorta waveform while blood-flow is stopped, and an ejection time calculating means (a heart function parameter calculating means), by which an ejection time ET can be calculated as a time difference from a rising-point to a dicrotic notch of the pressure-pulse waveform for heart function assessment.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring a physiological parameter of a patient, such as blood pressure, takes a sequence consisting of a predetermined number of individual measurements. The apparatus computes a best estimate of the physiological parameter from values obtained in two or more of the measurements. The apparatus automatically takes a sequence of measurements and then stops. The apparatus can operate unattended so that it is not necessary for a physician or other health care worker to be present while measurements are being made. The use of the invention to measure blood pressure of a patient reduces the effect of “white coat” hypertension on the best estimate. Preferred embodiments of the apparatus ignore results of a first measurement in the sequence. The patient is already familiar with the apparatus when subsequent measurements are taken. This further reduces the possibility that the patient's reaction to the process of measurement will affect the results of the measurement.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically measuring a blood pressure of a living subject, including an inflatable cuff which is adapted to be wound around a portion of the subject, an increase-end-pressure determining device for determining, based on a cuff pulse wave occurring to the cuff when a pressure in the cuff is increased at a first rate, an increase-end pressure to which the pressure of the cuff is increased at the first rate, at which the increasing of the pressure of the cuff is ended, and from which the pressure of the cuff is decreased at a second rate lower than the first rate, and a blood-pressure determining device for determining a blood pressure of the subject based on a physical signal obtained from the subject when the pressure of the cuff is decreased at the second rate from the increase-end pressure.

Abstract: A system (1) for measuring blood pressure during a limited number of blood pressure cycles at an area (2) overlying an artery (3) of a living subject, comprising means (4) for applying a pressure (P) to the artery for occluding said artery in response to a pressure signal (Uprise), and for subsequently releasing said pressure to re-open said artery in response to a pressure release signal (Uprelease), and means (11) for computing, by comparing a first time duration (&Dgr;T1) with a second time duration (&Dgr;T2), a delay time (Tdelay1) from a reference point in time after which a next pressure release signal is to be supplied to said means (4) for applying a pressure, and for computing a pressure (P2) to be applied to said artery in a next measuring cycle, and for supplying subsequently a pressure signal (Uprise) and a pressure release signal (Uprelease) corresponding to said computed pressure (P2) and delay time (Tdelay1) to said means (4) for applying a pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining information relating to a velocity at which a pulse wave propagates in a living subject, the apparatus including a first inflatable cuff and a second inflatable cuff which are adapted to be worn on two different portions of the subject, respectively, at least one cuff-pulse-wave detecting device which detects the pulse wave occurring to each of the first and second cuffs worn on the two different portions of the subject, and a velocity-relating-information obtaining device which obtains the information relating to the velocity, based on a time difference between a first time when the cuff-pulse-wave detecting device detects the pulse wave occurring to the first cuff, and a second time when the cuff-pulse-wave detecting device detects the pulse wave occurring to the second cuff.

Abstract: A system (1) for measuring blood pressure during a limited number of blood pressure cycles at an area (2) overlying an artery (3) of a living subject, comprising a mechanism (4) for applying a pressure (P) to the artery for occluding artery in response to a pressure signal (Uprise), and for subsequently releasing said pressure to re-open artery in response to a pressure release signal (Uprelease), and a mechanism (11) for computing, by comparing a first time duration (&Dgr;T1) with a second time duration (&Dgr;T2), a delay time (Tdelay1) from a reference point in time after which a next pressure release signal is to be supplied to a mechanism (4) for applying a pressure, and for computing a pressure (P2) to be applied to artery in a next measuring cycle, and for supplying subsequently a pressure signal (Uprise) and a pressure release signal (Uprelease) corresponding to computed pressure (P2) and delay time (Tdelay1) to a mechanism (4) for applying a pressure.

Abstract: Blood pressure of an human being is read by a process that places a cuff around a portion of the human being's body. The cuff is inflated to a predefined pressure which occludes the flow of blood and then the cuff is deflated in a controlled manner. At a plurality of deflation pressure levels, pressure oscillations that occur in the cuff are measured to produce a series of measurements representing the waveform of the oscillations. The systolic pressure and mean arterial pressure are derived from the measurements in conventional manners. A portion of the waveform for one cardiac cycle is analyzed by locating points which correspond to the occurrence of the systolic and mean arterial pressures. The diastolic pressure, which occurs at the minimum point of the waveform, is derived from those points and the systolic and mean arterial pressures.

Abstract: A blood pressure measurement device and associated operating method utilize a measurement algorithm based on a plurality of measurements, supplying a unique ability to increase diagnostic and analytical success in detection. In an illustrative implementation, three measurement techniques are used in combination to improve overall measurement accuracy. A first of the three techniques is an ascultatory technique. A sound measurement acquired from a microphone located in the measurement cuff detects start and end Korotkoff sounds using a combination of filters. The auscultatory technique is a conventional method that is recommended by the American Heart Association and is similar to manual techniques used by a nurse or technician. The auscultatory technique and associated filtering techniques are well known by those having ordinary skill in the art. A second technique is an oscillometric technique that is commonly found in many low-cost blood pressure measurement devices.

Abstract: A blood-circulation monitor including a heartbeat-synchronous-wave sensor, a first judging device for judging whether an arrhythmia has occurred to a living subject, based on a heartbeat-synchronous wave detected by the sensor, a first determining device including a cuff and determining a first blood pressure of the subject based on a first pulse wave produced in the cuff, an information obtaining device for iteratively obtaining a piece of blood-pressure-relating information which changes in relation with blood pressure of the subject, a relationship determining device for determining a relationship between blood pressure and blood-pressure-relating information, a second determining device for iteratively determining, according to the relationship, a second blood pressure of the subject based on each of the pieces of blood-pressure-relating information, a calculating device for calculating a change value of the second blood pressure values, and a second judging device for judging that the condition of blood

Abstract: Simulative electronic blood pressure meter in which by means of internal program, a central processor/controller converts and outputs the sensed blood pressure signal to a liquid crystal display to show a column-type indication simulating the mercury column of a traditional blood pressure meter. A digital counting circuit is combined, whereby when simulating the mercury column, an auxiliary display of digital change is provided for the user to easily know the value. The central processor/controller cooperates with a sound emitting unit which synchronously emits a sound simulating the sensed pulse from the start to the end. The volume of the emitted sound is varied with the strength of the pulse. The electronic blood pressure meter is used in a state like the mercury column-type blood pressure meter for a user to more accurately and lively judge the measured value.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for non-invasive blood-pressure measurement performing step-by-step inflating and deflating of the cuff pressure are disclosed. The step-by-step inflation-and-deflation process of the invention can determine the highest inflating pressure and provide enough data to obtain a curve fitting envelope. Therefore, the inflation pressure of the cuff to be pumped much higher than the normal systolic pressure of the conventional method can be prevented. A comfortable systolic and diastolic pressure determination method applying fuzzy control is achieved.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for oscillometric blood-pressure measurement taking heart pulses for reference to determine the systolic and diastolic pressure are disclosed. The cuff is merely inflated to a cuff pressure above the mean arterial pressure of the artery. Therefore, the inflation pressure of the cuff to be pumped much higher than the normal systolic pressure of the conventional method can be prevented. A comfortable systolic and diastolic pressure determination method applying fuzzy control is achieved.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically measuring a blood pressure of a living subject, including in inflatable cuff which is adapted to be wound around a portion of the subject, a cuff pulse wave including heartbeat-synchronous pulses occurring to the cuff while a pressure in the cuff is changed, a blood-pressure determining device for determining a blood pressure of the subject based on a change of respective amplitudes of the heartbeat-synchronous pulses of the cuff pulse wave, a display device which has a two-dimensional screen consisting of picture elements, and an amplitude displaying device for successively displaying, on the two-dimensional screen of the display device and while the pressure of the cuff is changed, the amplitude of each of the heartbeat-synchronous pulses of the cuff pulse wave, such that the amplitude of the each heartbeat-synchronous pulse of the cuff pulse wave is comparable with at least one prior amplitude of at least one prior heartbeat-synchronous pulse of the cuff pulse wave.

Abstract: A device for monitoring vital signs in animals. A rectal thermometer is mounted on a probe and connected to a handle. A central processing unit in the handle displays the temperature recorded by the thermometer. Also connected to the handle is a cuff used for pulse monitoring. The handle has a timer to measure an elapsed time and to sound a tone in response to a determined amount of time passing. In some application the cuff may have a blood pressure monitor so the device can measure temperature, pulse, blood pressure, and to record and sound a tone noting the elapse of a predetermined time to aid in counting respirations.

Abstract: An inflatable cuff for being wound and inflated around a body portion pressing a body portion of a living subject to press the body portion in measuring a blood pressure of the subject, the cuff comprising: an inflatable bag which is located in a portion of the cuff in a lengthwise direction thereof and a connector which is attached to a portion of the inflatable bag that is distant, by a predetermined distance, from a distal end of the cuff in a widthwise direction thereof, and which is adapted to connect the inflatable bag to a gas-supply pipe to supply a pressurized gas from the pipe to the inflatable bag.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved apparatus and method for measuring blood pressure. Both include a first sensor for detecting an instantaneous pulse rate, an inflatable cuff, and a second sensor to monitoring the pressure within the cuff. The cuff sensor adapted to detect oscillometric complexes associated with a patient's pulse. Both the apparatus and the method provide for detecting arrhythmia from the patient's instantaneous pulse rate. A characteristic of the oscillometric complexes is measured, and match determination means provided for determining whether at least two adjacent oscillometric complexes are equivalent. A first set matching criteria are used under normal conditions. A second set of matching criteria are used when arrhythmia are detected. A controller is provided for controlling the pressure within the cuff. At the outset of a blood pressure measurement the cuff is inflated to a pressure greater than the patient's systolic pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a blood pressure of a living subject, including a blood pressure measuring device which measures a blood pressure value of the subject, a first memory which stores a plurality of blood pressure values measured by the blood pressure measuring device, in an order of measurement of the blood pressure values, a pulse wave detecting device which detects a pulse wave produced from an arterial vessel of the subject in synchronism with heartbeat of the subject while each of the blood pressure values is measured by the blood pressure measuring device, a second memory which stores a waveform of the pulse wave detected by the pulse wave detecting device, in the order, the second memory storing the respective waveforms of the pulse waves each of which is detected by the pulse wave detecting device while a corresponding one of the blood pressure values is measured by the blood pressure measuring device, and an output device which outputs the blood pressure values stored in the first memory, in t

Abstract: An artifact rejector for repetitive physiologic-event-signal data generated from electronically-controlled physiologic-event-measuring equipment includes a physiologic-event-signal averager in communication with such physiologic-event-measuring equipment. The artifact rejector is constructed to generate and store repetitive averaged physiologic-event-signal data based upon a substantially stable time relationship between corresponding physiologic-event-signal data and heart-beat-related-signal data. The repetitive averaged physiologic-event-signal data includes less noise than the repetitive physiologic-event-signal data. The artifact rejector generates and continuously updates an averaged-data template by storing such repetitive averaged physiologic-event-signal data for a preselected number of measured physiologic events.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically measuring a blood pressure of a living subject, including an inflatable cuff which is adapted to be wound around a portion of the subject, an increase-end-pressure determining device for determining, based on a cuff pulse wave occurring to the cuff when a pressure in the cuff is increased at a first rate, an increase-end pressure to which the pressure of the cuff is increased at the first rate, at which the increasing of the pressure of the cuff is ended, and from which the pressure of the cuff is decreased at a second rate lower than the first rate, and a blood-pressure determining device for determining a blood pressure of the subject based on a physical signal obtained from the subject when the pressure of the cuff is decreased at the second rate from the increase-end pressure.

Abstract: An automated sphygmomanometer which utilizes quality algorithms to stop any further analysis at various points during a blood pressure determination because of corrupted data. If the data is so corrupted that giving blood pressure numbers is inappropriate, this is recognized and the determination stopped. The quality algorithms make a decision to get more data with the hope of improving the blood pressure estimation. The request for data occurs both before and/or after a curve fitting process, if such a process is utilized. Some information is also provided to the cuff pressure control function about which pressure levels would be best for gathering the additional data. The quality algorithms are also used to make a decision as to whether it is appropriate to publish the blood pressure values obtained. Control parameters (weights) may be set within the blood pressure algorithm to help with other aspects of the NIBP algorithm and improve the quality of the final published numbers.

Abstract: A blood-pressure monitor, including a blood-pressure measuring device including a cuff, an information obtaining device which iteratively obtains, from a living subject, physical information which changes with change of blood pressure of the subject, a measurement starting device for starting a measurement of the blood-pressure measuring device, when a subsequent piece of information obtained by the obtaining device after the measuring device has measured a last blood pressure of the subject in a last measurement thereof has been deviated by not less than a predetermined amount from an initial piece of information obtained by the obtaining device when the measuring device measured the last blood pressure of the subject, a display device which displays a graph representing the pieces of information obtained by the obtaining device, and a control device which controls the display device to display the graph representing the initial piece of information and each one of subsequent pieces of information iterativel

Abstract: A blood pressure monitor including a cuff, a pressure sensor which detects a pressure in the cuff, a pressure regulating device which increases the pressure of the cuff, a pulse-amplitude determining device for determining an amplitude of each of pulses of a pulse wave which are produced in the cuff and detected by the pressure sensor while the cuff pressure is increased, a candidate determining device for determining, as a diastolic BP candidate, a pressure of the cuff which is detected by the pressure sensor and which corresponds to an amplitude of a first pulse of the pulses determined by the pulse-amplitude determining device, by judging whether the amplitude of the first pulse is not greater than a reference value which is smaller than an amplitude of at least one second pulse of the pulses, by a predetermined proportion of the amplitude of the second pulse, the amplitude of the second pulse being determined by the pulse-amplitude determining device after the amplitude of the first pulse is determined, a

Abstract: Several techniques are provided for aiding in the discrimination of detected biological signals indicative of blood pressure from detected signals not indicative of blood pressure (e.g., noise). In one technique, mixed signals which include biological signals indicative of blood pressure and noise signals not indicative of blood pressure are detected during time periods, and are evaluated over a plurality of the time periods to aid in discriminating the biological signals from the noise signals. This enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of the biological signals. In a related technique, the mixed signals are analyzed in different ways based on whether the noise level exceeds a threshold to discriminate the biological signals from the noise signals. Still another technique includes determining whether a candidate blood pressure signal should be used to measure blood pressure based on whether it exceeds a plurality of different thresholds.

Abstract: A long term ambulatory blood pressure monitor is disclosed in which all elements of the monitor are compactly and inconspicuously contained in/on a cincture housing mounted on an inflatable arm band fixedly and comfortably positioned on the patient arm. System control and display modules are efficiently placed in a flip top mode on the cincture housing itself and alternatively in a wrist watch mode on the patient wrist. Non volatile EEPROM blood pressure data memory is disposed adjacent EPROM system memory and microprocessor controller circuitry on a compact PCB within the cincture housing along with pneumatic motor/pump and solenoid for inflation/deflation of the arm band to obtain systolic/diastolic blood pressure readings via the oscillatory detection method.

Abstract: A blood-pressure monitoring apparatus including an inflatable cuff adapted to apply a pressing pressure to a body portion of a living subject, a cuff-pulse-wave detecting device which detects a cuff pulse wave which is produced in the inflatable cuff when the cuff applies the pressing pressure to the body portion of the subject, a pressure control device which increases the pressing pressure of the inflatable cuff to a predetermined value lower than a mean blood-pressure value of the subject, an index-value calculating device for iteratively calculating an index value indicative of a condition of a circulatory system of the living subject, a starting device for judging whether each of the index values calculated by the index-value calculating device is abnormal and, when the each index value is judged as being abnormal, starting the pressure control device to increase the pressing pressure of the cuff to the predetermined value, and an abnormality judging device for judging whether the subject has an abnormal

Abstract: A cuff (200), having a blood shutting bag (210) and a detection bag (220), is attached to an upper arm of a patient and a main device unit (100) is made to operate. A CPU (130) performs the measurement operation in accordance with a program inside a memory (160). First, the air pump (140) is started to deliver air to the respective bags, the cuff pressure is set higher than the systolic pressure, and after the blood flow at the upper arm has been stopped completely, a leak valve (150) is gradually opened to lower the cuff pressure. During the lowering of pressure, the Korotkoff sound that is generated at the detection bag (220) is detected by a sound wave sensor (110) and is taken as digital data into the memory (160). This Korotkoff sound is Fourier transformed and the result thereof is displayed as a spectral waveform on a display device (170) and printed out by means of a printer (180).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electronic sphygmomanometer for determining a blood pressure depending on variation in pulse wave amplitude variation waveform and cuff pressure formed by variation in the amplitude of the pulse wave, comprising: detecting the pulse wave amplitude and cuff pressure when the pulse wave exceeds a first threshold to define a first threshold; detecting the pulse wave amplitude and cuff pressure when the pulse wave exceeds a second cuff pressure to define a second point; and then, calculating a pulse wave amplitude linear equation for connecting the first and the second points to obtain a systolic blood pressure value. According to the invention, the electronic sphygmomanometer is capable of precisely measuring a blood pressure even if dispersion occurs in pulse wave amplitude depending on how to mount the cuff or even if there is certain distortion in pulse wave depending on the physical conditions of a subject.

Abstract: A device for the noninvasive blood pressure measurement with a cuff and with a corresponding control and evaluating circuit. The device provides improvements in terms of the signal resolution. On the one hand, the cuff (1) is connected via a pressure sensor with pressure transducer (4) to a downstream amplifier (5), which is preferably designed as an operational amplifier, and to an analog-digital converter (6) arranged directly downstream of the amplifier (5) with the computing and control unit (2). On the other hand, the computing and control unit (2) is connected to the cuff (1) via an electronically driven pressure transducer (3).

Abstract: A pressure volume loop of the heart of a patient is obtained utilizing an electrocardiograph and a brachial-artery pressure cup pressure-measurement system having an echo-Doppler sensor positioned to measure the flow waves at the aortic root.

Abstract: A sensor for non-invasive and continuous determination of the duration of arterial pulse waves is provided in which at least two spaced apart piezoelectric pressure sensors are disposed in succession in the flow direction of the artery, with the sensor being provided with pressure sensitive surfaces and being integrated in a casing. The piezoelectric pressure sensors are provided with a pressure-sensitive, strip-shaped surface, with the strips each being disposed in their longitudinal extension perpendicular to the flow direction of the artery. The casing is provided with at least two recesses adapted to the contours of the strip-shaped surfaces into which the pressure-sensitive, strip-shaped surfaces of the pressure sensors are disposed flush to the surface of the casing.

Abstract: A blood pressure monitoring system for automatic unattended operation uses curve fitting techniques determined during an initial inflation period to determine cuff size. Based upon cuff size, the number of important pre-determined operating parameters are determined for use in controlling the remaining blood pressure reading operations. The automatic blood pressure monitor according to the present invention offers a simplified, cost effective construction utilizing a single pump, a single valve and a single valve orifice.

Abstract: A hybrid sphygmomanometer comprises: (a) an arm cuff with an inflatable air bladder; (b) a pumping device for inflating the air bladder; (c) a manually controlled air outlet valve for deflating the air bladder; (d) an air pressure transducer operative to receive the pressure in the air bladder of the arm cuff and to produce an electrical signal representing this pressure; (e) a manually operated switch for generating systolic and diastolic interrupt signals; (f) a first electronic display for displaying the instantaneous pressure in the air bladder in the form of a bar graph; (g) a second electronic display for displaying systolic and diastolic pressures; and (h) an electrical circuit connected to the pressure transducer and to the button for controlling said first and second display. The first display, for displaying the instantaneous pressure in the air bladder, is a simulated mercury column.

Abstract: A self-diagnostic blood pressure measuring apparatus displays a diagnostic result for each of the measured systolic and diastolic pressures for warning to an user. The apparatus includes has a detector which measures systolic and diastolic pressures thereof, a display unit having first and second numeric indicators respectively for displaying individual numerical values of the measured systolic and diastolic pressures. A diagnosing circuit is included to compare the measured systolic and diastolic pressures respectively with predetermined systolic and diastolic reference ranges so as to provide a systolic warning when the systolic pressure is out of the systolic reference range and provide a diastolic warning when the diastolic pressure is out of the diastolic reference range. The display unit includes a warning display section which notify the systolic and diastolic warnings, individually.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for diagnosing physiological state based on blood pulse waves detected in the body. It is the objective of the present invention to provide a device which correctly diagnoses the current physiological state based on changes in physiological state measured over a specified period of time in the past while taking into consideration the cyclical variation exhibited in physiological state.

Abstract: A blood pressure monitoring system includes a blood pressure measurement device for measuring blood pressure using a cuff, a memory for storing an externally inputted pulse wave propagation time fluctuation threshold, a time interval detection reference point detection section for detecting a time interval detection reference point in a pulse wave on the side of aortae of a living organism, a pulse wave detection section for detecting a pulse wave on the side of peripheral blood vessels appearing with a time lag with respect to the pulse wave on the side of aortae, a pulse wave propagation time measurement section for measuring a pulse wave propagation time based on respective detected outputs from the time interval detection reference point detection section and the pulse wave detection section, an operation device for calculating a pulse wave propagation fluctuation from two measured pulse wave propagation times, a judgment device for judging whether or not the calculated pulse wave propagation time fluctua