Abstract: In an ejector cycle system using carbon dioxide as refrigerant, an ejector decompresses and expands refrigerant from a radiator to suck gas refrigerant evaporated in an evaporator, and converts an expansion energy to a pressure energy to increase a refrigerant pressure to be sucked into a compressor. Because refrigerant is decompressed and expanded in a super-critical area, a pressure difference during the decompression operation becomes larger, and a specific enthalpy difference becomes larger. Accordingly, energy converting efficiency in the ejector becomes higher, and efficiency of the ejector cycle system is improved.

Abstract: In an ejector cycle system using carbon dioxide as refrigerant, an ejector decompresses and expands refrigerant from a radiator to suck gas refrigerant evaporated in an evaporator, and converts an expansion energy to a pressure energy to increase a refrigerant pressure to be sucked into a compressor. Because refrigerant is decompressed and expanded in a super-critical area, a pressure difference during the decompression operation becomes larger, and a specific enthalpy difference becomes larger. Accordingly, energy converting efficiency in the ejector becomes higher, and efficiency of the ejector cycle system is improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cryogenic refrigerating system for achieving ultra low temperature by sequentially obtaining low temperature through repetition of expansion and evaporation of a mixed-refrigerant in multiple stages. The refrigerating system includes a heat exchanger and a compressor between a final evaporator and a compressor. The heat exchanger causes evaporated refrigerant vapor in a suction tube for the compressor to be heated and to be drawn into the compressor, and causes the refrigerant condensed by a condenser to be supercooled. The refrigerating system includes a plurality of expansion/suction apparatuses connected with one another between the gas/liquid separator and the final evaporator.

Abstract: The present invention proposes an ejector which does not inhibit a flow of fluid and a refrigerating system provided with the ejector.

Abstract: In an ejector cycle system, high-pressure side refrigerant is decompressed by an ejector in cooling operation for cooling a compartment, and is decompressed by a fixed restrictor in heating operation for heating the compartment. Therefore, in the heating operation, the pressure of refrigerant to be sucked into a compressor can be made lower, and the temperature of refrigerant discharged from the compressor is increased. Alternatively, in the cooling operation, a flow direction of refrigerant flowing through at least one of an exterior heat exchanger and an interior heat exchanger is identical to that in the heating operation.

Abstract: A system and method for improving cooling of a heat-generating component in a closed-loop cooling system is shown. The system comprises a venturi having a throat which is coupled to an expansion tank that is exposed to atmospheric pressure in the embodiment being described. The venturi, when used with a pressure switch, can operate to determine a flow rate which can be used to generate a signal which in turn is used to activate or deactivate one or more of the components, such as the heat-generating component, in the system. Also shown is another embodiment wherein a circular venturi is provided to permit a venturi passageway to be defined about an axis of the pump in order to shorten the overall length of the pump and venturi combination.

Abstract: In an ejector cycle system, a mixing portion of an ejector has a length in a refrigerant flow direction and an equivalent diameter, and a ratio of the length to the equivalent diameter of the mixing portion is equal to or smaller than 120. Further, a ratio of the equivalent diameter of the mixing portion to an equivalent diameter at an outlet of a nozzle of the ejector is in a range of 1.05-10. Accordingly, the ejector cycle system operates while a high ejector efficiency is maintained.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating and cooling includes a solar collector for transferring heat energy from incident solar rays to a liquid refrigerant material thereby changing a first portion to a gaseous state. An eductor-venturi reduces a pressure of the gaseous refrigerant material and a condenser removes the heat energy thereby changing the refrigerant material back to the liquid state. A heat exchanger associated with the condenser receives the heat energy removed from the refrigerant material. A float evaporator mounted in a cold chamber transfers heat energy from the atmosphere to the liquid refrigerant material thereby changing a second portion to the gaseous state and cooling the cold chamber atmosphere. A float actuated valve connected to the float evaporator is responsive to a level of the liquid refrigerant material in the evaporator for regulating a flow of the liquid refrigerant material into the evaporator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a freezing system having two vaporizers for a refrigerator constructed as a single-loop cycle which is capable of using a genuine coolant as well as a mixed coolant by providing the coolant to a compressor after mixing the each coolant passed through a freezing chamber vaporizer and a chilling chamber vaporizer and heightening the pressure.

Abstract: In an ejector cycle system, a mixing portion of an ejector has a length in a refrigerant flow direction and an equivalent diameter, and a ratio of the length to the equivalent diameter of the mixing portion is equal to or smaller than 120. Further, a ratio of the equivalent diameter of the mixing portion to an equivalent diameter at an outlet of a nozzle of the ejector is in a range of 1.05-10. Accordingly, the ejector cycle system operates while a high ejector efficiency is maintained.

Abstract: A pump-ejector compression unit is furnished with a receiver, and a mixing chamber of a liquid-gas ejector and a separator are located inside the receiver. An outlet of the mixing chamber is connected to the separator, the receiver is partly filled with a motive liquid, the liquid outlet of the receiver is connected to the suction side of a pump and the gas outlet of the receiver is connected to a consumer of a compressed gas. There is another embodiment of the compression unit, wherein the mixing chamber outlet is connected to a chamber for conversion of a gas-liquid flow. The introduced pump-ejector compression unit has an increased efficiency factor.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of jet technology. Essentially a pumping-ejector unit comprises a separator and a liquid-gas ejector. Gas inlet of the ejector is connected to a source of evacuated medium, outlet of the ejector is connected to the separator and nozzle's inlet of the ejector is connected to the discharge side of a pump. The pumping-ejector unit is furnished with a jet pump. Outlet of the jet pump is connected to the suction side of the pump, nozzle's inlet of the jet pump is connected to the discharge side of the pump, evacuated medium inlet of the jet pump is connected to the separator. There is another variant of embodiment of the unit, wherein the nozzle's inlet of the jet pump is connected to a source of ejecting medium. The described pumping-ejector unit exhibits an increased reliability and effectiveness and it has a wider control range of operation modes.

Abstract: In an ejector cycle system using carbon dioxide as refrigerant, an ejector decompresses and expands refrigerant from a radiator to suck gas refrigerant evaporated in an evaporator, and converts an expansion energy to a pressure energy to increase a refrigerant pressure to be sucked into a compressor. Because refrigerant is decompressed and expanded in a super-critical area, a pressure difference during the decompression operation becomes larger, and a specific enthalpy difference becomes larger. Accordingly, energy converting efficiency in the ejector becomes higher, and efficiency of the ejector cycle system is improved.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating and cooling includes a solar collector for transferring heat energy from incident solar rays to a liquid refrigerant material thereby changing a first portion to a gaseous state. An eductor-venturi reduces a pressure of the gaseous refrigerant material and a condenser removes the heat energy thereby changing the refrigerant material back to the liquid state. A heat exchanger associated with the condenser receives the heat energy removed from the refrigerant material. A float evaporator mounted in a cold chamber transfers heat energy from the atmosphere to the liquid refrigerant material thereby changing a second portion to the gaseous state and cooling the cold chamber atmosphere. A float actuated valve connected to the float evaporator is responsive to a level of the liquid refrigerant material in the evaporator for regulating a flow of the liquid refrigerant material into the evaporator.

Abstract: Continuous cooperative isobaric ejector method, process and apparatus are disclosed. The ejector compressor 10a is used as a primary compression source in a refrigeration system. The isobaric expansion is accomplished by centrifuging the liquid during the process of evaporation. The vapor evaporated from the liquid as it becomes progressively sub-cooled is used to power a novel continuous spiral ejector 25 compressor. The continuous isobaric ejector 10b is also used to replace the free expansion at the expansion valve.

Abstract: A cryogenic liquid heat exchanger system has a subatmospheric pressure reservoir, a tube, and an initial fluid ejector. The sub-atmospheric pressure reservoir has a vacuum exhaust. The tube extends through the reservoir. The initial fluid ejector has a suction chamber inlet that is functionally connected to the reservoir vacuum exhaust. The system may have a plurality of fluid ejectors connected to one or more exhausts either in series or parallel. The initial fluid ejector may receive one or more pressurized fluid streams, and the streams may be steam. A process for generating sub-atmospheric pressures in a cryogenic fluid heat exchanger reservoir includes the step of discharging an initial fluid stream into an initial fluid ejector having a suction chamber functionally connected to an exhaust of the reservoir. A process for generating sub-atmospheric pressures in a cryogenic fluid heat exchanger reservoir includes the step of using a fluid ejector to reduce the pressure in the reservoir.

Abstract: A method of cooling an aqueous liquid, which method comprises the steps of:a) placing said aqueous liquid in a vessel;b) reducing the pressure in said vessel to cause said aqueous liquid to boil;c) condensing at least some of the liquid in the vapour created as said aqueous liquid boils by heat exchange with a liquid cryogen; andd) using vapour from said liquid cryogen to at least assist in step (b).

Abstract: An air-conditioning system for a motor vehicle having an exhaust pipe for dispensing engine exhaust gas. Includes a container for containing a liquid coolant, a pump for driving the coolant, and a heat exchanger connected to the container and associated with the exhaust pipe to enable the exhaust gas to vaporize the coolant. The system includes a jet device having a side opening and incorporating a nozzle adjacent to the side opening for produce a jet of a first part of the coolant passing through it, thereby creating a negative pressure, due to the venturi effect, at the side opening. An evaporator is provided for the entry of a second part of the coolant, which evaporator is connected to the side opening of the jet device for the application of the negative pressure thereto, thereby causing evaporation of the second part of the coolant entering into the evaporator to produce a cooling effect for cooling the air supplied into a cabin of the vehicle.

Abstract: A distillation plant includes a heat pump whose working fluid is compressed by a vapor jet compressor. A collection location for a liquid is arranged in the stripper part of a distillation column of the plant. At least a portion of the collected liquid is provided in the vaporized form as strip vapor. Connections lead from the collection location to a first vaporizer and to a second vaporizer. The liquid can be vaporized in these vaporizers at an elevated and at a reduced pressure respectively. The vapor jet compressor is connected to the two vaporizers and to the column in such a manner that the vapor from the second vaporizer can be compressed under a driving jet action of the vapor from the first vaporizer and used in the column as strip vapor. A pump is arranged in the connection to the first vaporizer and at least one restrictor member is contained in the connection to the second vaporizer.

Abstract: A cryopump having a cryopump chamber includes a purge gas valve coupled to the cryopump chamber for supplying a first quantity of warm gas to the cryopump chamber in order to purge the cryopump chamber during regeneration. A roughing valve couples the cryopump chamber to a roughing pump enabling the cryopump chamber to be roughed. An exhaust valve is coupled to the cryopump chamber for exhausting gases from the cryopump chamber during purge. A delivery valve is coupled to the exhaust valve for delivering a second quantity of warm gas directly onto surfaces of the exhaust valve for warming the surfaces of the exhaust valve.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating an air stream that is substantially-columnated about a given axis includes a converging-diverging nozzle, a manifold in fluid communication with the nozzle, and a compressor supplying a quantity of compressed air to the manifold to induce a first air flow through the nozzle. The first air flow is characterized by sonic flow at the nozzle throat and supersonic flow at the nozzle exit. The supersonic first air flow exiting the nozzle is directed into one end of an elongate tube. The thus-directed first air flow induces a second flow of ambient air into the one end of the tube. The first air flow mixes with the second air flow within the tube and exits as an air stream that is substantially columnated about the axis of the tube.

Abstract: A novel ejector, an ejector-refrigeration system, and a method of refrigeration are disclosed. The system is particularly well suited for the utilization of energy sources such as waste heat from automobile engines and solar collectors. Further, the system is compatible with the use of environmentally benign refrigerant such as water. Unlike conventional ejectors, the novel ejector disclosed in the present invention is designed to utilize the principal of "pressure exchange" and is therefore capable of attaining substantially higher levels of performance than conventional ejectors whose operating mechanism is based on the principal of "turbulent mixing".

Abstract: A process and system for removing condensable vapors contained within the gas stream in accordance with the process and system, condensable vapors contained within the gas stream are condensed within one or more condensers through indirect heat exchange of the gas stream with a refrigerant stream. This produces a refrigerated gas stream and a heated refrigerant gas stream. Further heat is exchanged from at least part of the heated refrigerant stream to the refrigerated gas stream and in economizing heat exchanger to form a cooled refrigerant stream from the heated refrigerant stream. The refrigeration stream is produced by combining a cryogenic stream with the at least part of the cooled refrigerant stream in a mixing chamber of an ejector or analogous equipment.

Abstract: The air conditioning system contains a refrigerant and comprises a compressor having an inlet and an outlet, a condenser having an inlet and an outlet, an evaporator having an inlet and an outlet and a suction conduit connecting the outlet of the evaporator to the inlet of the compressor where the refrigerant returns to the compressor as a low pressure vapor. A discharge conduit is provided which connects the outlet of the compressor to the condenser where upon removal of heat of the vapor, the gas becomes a high pressure liquid refrigerant. A liquid conduit having an injector and restrictor connects the outlet of the condenser to the inlet of the evaporator. An accumulator having an inlet port and an outlet port is interposed in the suction conduit. A liquid discharge port is also provided in the accumulator. A recirculating conduit connects the discharge port to the liquid conduit.

Abstract: A cryogenic heat exchange system and freer dryer incorporating the same. The cryogenic heat exchange system has a heat exchanger provided with at least one pass for receiving a cryogenic heat exchange fluid. A reversing circuit is provided to reverse the flow direction of the cryogenic heat transfer fluid in the at least one pass to help prevent asymmetric ice buildup on the heat exchanger. Additionally, a portion of the spent cryogenic heat transfer fluid after having passed through the at least one pass is recirculated. During the recirculation, the spent cryogenic heat transfer fluid is mixed with incoming cryogen to produce the cryogenic heat transfer fluid. Such cryogenic heat transfer fluid after creation is then introduced into the flow reversing circuit and the one or more passes of the heat exchanger. A remaining portion of the cryogenic heat transfer fluid is vented. The recirculation raises the temperature of the heat transfer in the heat exchanger to also promote uniform ice buildup.

Abstract: A refrigeration system which utilizes a portion of the energy of the condensate liquid to elevate the pressure of the gas in the suction line above the evaporator pressure is disclosed. A jet enthalpy compressor is used as a means for elevating the suction line pressure. The refrigeration system contains a reservoir which stores liquid and gas refrigerants. The liquid refrigerant from the reservoir passes to an evaporator wherein it evaporates to a low pressure gas, which is discharged into the suction line. A jet enthalpy compressor is disposed between the reservoir and the suction line. The jet enthalpy compressor contains ejectors, each ejector having a nozzle end placed in the suction line. Gas refrigerant from the reservoir is controllably discharged into the suction line through the nozzle ends of the ejectors to elevate the pressure in the suction line. The gas through the ejectors may be pulsed to further improve the efficiency of the refrigeration system.

Abstract: A method of gas generation resides in transformation of a cryogenic agent, capable of passing to the supercritical state, from the liquid state to the gaseous state thereof by way of thermoinversion in an isochoric process with enhancement of the potential energy of pressure of the gaseous medium thus obtained, and reducing the shaped gas stream, this being followed by gasdynamic ejection of the ambient medium. A plant for effecting the method comprises a source of a working medium (a cryogenic agent), at least one chamber (1,2), a gas reducer (29) and a gas ejector (24), arranged in succession downstream and communicating with each other.

Abstract: Batch auto-refrigerative dewaxing processes employing at least two batch chilling vessels can be improved by integrating the batch auto-refrigerative dewaxing chilling cycles of the chilling vessels so as to have their cycles of operation overlap and use thermocompressors to recover the energy of the hot, high pressure cycle stream of one vessel by operation on the cooler, low pressure cycle stream of the other vessel to increase the pressure of said low pressure cycle stream. The overlap operation of the multiple batch chillers integrated through the thermocompressor will also permit running the cool, low pressure cycle to a pressure even lower than atmospheric without inleakage of air because of the vacuum effect generated by the hot, higher pressure stream running through the thermocompressor. Autorefrigerative dewaxing employs liquified normally gaseous solvents as the chilling solvents such as C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 alkanes/alkenes e.g. propane, propylene, butane, butylene and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A closed loop vapor cycle refrigeration system an expander-compressor is disclosed. A portion of the liquid refrigerant in the system is expanded into gas. This gas is used to operate a compressor. The compressor compresses the low pressure gas from the evaporator and discharges the compressed gas either to a primary compressor or the condenser. A novel expander-compressor device is also disclosed for use in the refrigeration system.

Abstract: A method of reducing flow metastability in a liquid refrigerant in an ejector nozzle by generating dispersed bubbles in the flow entering the nozzle by first forming relatively large bubbles and then breaking them down into small finely dispersed bubbles, so as to reduce the density of the flowing mixture and provide nucleation sites allowing control of flow rate and causing the mixture to expand in substantial thermodynamic equilibrium with maximum nozzle velocity.

Abstract: A refrigeration system particularly suitable for an automobile air conditioning system is disclosed. The system includes an ejector to raise the pressure of the working fluid to the condenser pressure and a boiler which utilizes waste heat from the automobile engine. The boiler produces a near sonic velocity saturated vapor for input to the primary nozzle of the ejector. The near sonic velocity input maximizes the stagnation temperature and pressure of the fluid entering the primary nozzle for a given low or limited temperature heat source such as automobile waste heat. The refrigeration system uses a working fluid having a property such that its entropy when in a saturated vapor state decreases as pressure decreases, which maximizes the input pressure for a given heat source and prevents the vapor from condensing in the ejector. A high efficiency primary nozzle is also provided, allowing the system to take advantage of the decreasing entropy property of the saturated vapor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for extraction of a liquefiable substance from a gaseous carrier fluid. According to that process on one hand, we force the fluid to flow across a convergent-divergent nozzle such as that in that nozzle, the fluid is submitted to a fast expansion and, on the other hand, we define the cross sections (A(x)/Ao) along the axis (x) of the nozzle such as that the pressure diagram and the velocity diagram exhibit in the neighbourhood of the throat one landing section at least. Within those conditions, the liquefiable substance condenses and forms a cloud of drops of larger diameter and reduced concentration.

Abstract: A refrigeration system particularly suitable for an automobile air conditioning system is disclosed. The system includes an ejector to raise the pressure of the working fluid to the condenser pressure and a boiler which utilizes waste heat from the automobile engine. The boiler produces a near sonic velocity saturated vapor for input to the primary nozzle of the ejector. The near sonic velocity input maximizes the stagnation temperature and pressure of the fluid entering the primary nozzle for a given low or limited temperature heat source such as automobile waste heat. The refrigeration system uses a working fluid having a property such that its entropy when in a saturated vapor state decreases as pressure decreases, which maximizes the input pressure for a given heat source and prevents the vapor from condensing in the ejector. A high efficiency primary nozzle is also provided, allowing the system to take advantage of the decreasing entropy property of the saturated vapor.

Abstract: A heat transfer system combining a solar collector and a vapor jet compressor pump. The solar collector provides two streams of heated vapor, one at a relatively high temperature and one at a relatively low temperature. The high temperature vapor provides the motive vapor for the vapor jet compressor pump. The vapor jet compressor pump entrains the lower temperature vapor and acts as a heat pump effectively pumping its temperature to a higher temperature useful for space heating. The solar energy supply may be supplemented by an auxiliary convention energy source and the vapor jet compressor pump may be supplemented by a self-energized circulation pump.

Abstract: A single fluid two-phase flow thermally activated heat pump is made to operate efficiently by incorporating rotating energy conversion components, principally a two-phase flow turbine. An efficient two-phase flow reaction turbine which powers a vapor compressor and a liquid pump is employed. The two-phase turbine extracts power from expanding two-phase flow which achieves low velocities. A rotating vapor compressor is positioned downstream of the turbine. The thermodynamic cycle is modified by utilizing full evaporation of the two-phase flow such that only dry vapor is pressurized in the compressor. The system is simpler and more efficient than most thermally activated heat pumps due to the integration of power producing and heat pumping thermodynamic cycles. The heat pump is contemplated for such applications as air conditioning, cooling, heating and industrial heat pumps.

Abstract: A heat transfer system combining a solar collector and a vapor jet compressor pump. The solar collector provides two streams of heated vapor, one at a relatively high temperature and one at a relatively low temperature. The high temperature vapor provides the motive vapor for the vapor jet compressor pump. The vapor jet compressor pump entrains the lower temperature vapor and acts as a heat pump effectively pumping its temperature to a higher temperature useful for space heating. The solar energy supply may be supplemented by an auxiliary convention energy source and the vapor jet compressor pump may be supplemented by a self-energized circulation pump.

Abstract: This invention discloses an extremely simple chemical heat pump system utilizing the chemical reaction heat of a perfectly reversible chemical disassociation reaction system wherein one gaseous compound is involved in the reversible reaction. The present system can realize a large coefficient of performance over a very attractive temperature range and level for general use, by absence of any phase transition. Reaction kinetics of the system are excellent since only one reversible non-flammable gaseous compound is involved in the chemical heat pump system. The system can be provided with a computer controlled system for changing the restriction value of the expansion valve. The system utilizes jet ejectors in combination with the compressor in the same or different loops to reduce the capacity requirements on the compressor.

Abstract: A refrigeration system particularly suitable for an automobile air conditioning system is disclosed. The refrigeration system uses a hydrocarbon as the working fluid. The system includes an ejector in the refrigeration cycle and a boiler which utilizes waste heat from the automobile engine. A refrigerant storage subsystem may be included in the system to provide an adequate transient response to changes in the waste heat output from the automobile engine and during the engine warm up period.

Abstract: A high efficiency evaporative intercooler/compressor assembly in which compressed refrigerant vapors are desuperheated by the introduction of a selected liquid refrigerant is disclosed. Additionally, the present invention relates to a method of introducing a refrigerant having a high latent heat of vaporization, such that the overall system efficiency is increased.

Abstract: An installation for generation of a refrigerated gas flow from a mass of refrigerating material in solid or liquid state, includes a closed vaporization chamber (4) containing a charge (7) of refrigerating material in liquid or solid state and capable of resisting pressure. An ejector (9) of the Venturi type ensures the drive of a much greater gaseous flow rate by a drive stream of gas under pressure. A conduit (12) connecting the closed vaporization chamber (4) to the ejector (9) to feed to this latter the gas from the chamber by vaporization or sublimation of the refrigerating material as a drive flow of gas under pressure. The outlet of the ejector (9) is connected to a sleeve (10) whose length extends through a refrigerating chamber. This sleeve has along its length outlet nozzles (11) to distribute the refrigerated gas flow throughout the volume of the refrigerated chamber and to ensure the agitation of the air in this latter by jets of gas from the nozzles.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon fluid serves as the refrigerant fluid in combination with a non-miscible carrier fluid in a hydraulic refrigeration system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for combining at least two discrete flows of a refrigerant in respective substantially dissimilar thermodynamic states in a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system, including the step of imparting substantial turbulent mixing of the at least two flows to produce a generally thermodynamically uniform admixture thereof. The present invention also relates to an improved vapor compression cycle refrigeration apparatus including means for turbulent mixing of at least two discrete flows of a refrigerant in respective, substantially dissimilar thermodynamic states, which means is operable to produce a generally thermodynamically uniform admixture thereof. The means may be retrofitted to existing equipment and the present invention extends to kits useful to this end and to refrigeration sub-assemblies including such means.

Abstract: A vapor compression type refrigerator system which utilizes a liquid pump and an eductor to reduce compressor power conmsumption and thereby achieve exceptionally high coefficient performance values. The system is useful for air conditioning or for refrigeration in residential and commerical type buildings and is convertible to heat pump operation.

Abstract: A refrigeration system and cycle are disclosed. The system includes a compressor, condenser, injector nozzle, evaporator, and refrigerant separator tank connected in series in a primary refrigerant path. The compressor overfeeds the condenser with refrigerant which therefore condenses only partially to a wet vapor in the condenser. The injector nozzle completes condensation, drawing liquid refrigerant from the separator tank to inject it into the evaporator. The evaporator is a shell and tube heat exchanger, the tubes being product fluid conduits. The shell side of the evaporator is overfed with liquid refrigerant so that most of it does not evaporate. A liquid/vapor refrigerant emulsion is thus produced, maintaining a constant phase transition temperature in the evaporator. The high flow rate of this emulsion within the evaporator creates a turbulence preventing boundary layers from forming on heat exchange surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus for flow control of a fluid in a two-phase thermal management system including an evaporator connected in series following a cavitating venturi. The vapor pressure of a vaporous cavitation bubble formed in the venturi upon passage of a fluid therethrough is regulated to the pressure of the wet vapor exhaust from the evaporator by joining the wet vapor exhaust of the evaporator to the cavitation bubble of the venturi.

Abstract: An air conditioning system with a common refrigerant supply, an engine-driven compressor circuit and a thermal compression circuit in parallel with the compressor circuit, a high efficiency compact thermal compressor which is either an ejector or a double vortex chamber flow inducer and a new control system which saves energy by unloading the mechanical compressor when thermal compression is fully operative. The hybrid system includes a check valve which prevents refrigerant flow from the compressor through the thermally powered compressor. Timers start the refrigerant pump of thermal compression circuit. Pressure switches sense operating pressure of the refrigerant. A refrigerant pump and a heat exchanger vapor generator generate high pressure refrigerant vapor which drives the thermal compressor. Refrigerant pump starts after initial cooling of passenger compartment is achieved by mechanical compressor circuit.

Abstract: An improved thermal energy transfer apparatus and associated working fluid employs a supersonic compressor in place of a conventional turbine-compressor unit within a Rankine heat engine powering a vapor compression heat pump. The compressor comprises a supersonic nozzle having an inlet section which converges to a throat region from which is diverging outlet section extends. The inlet section is coupled in the fluid flow path of the heat engine at the boiler outlet, while its outlet section is coupled to a downstream condenser. The working fluid from the evaporator of the heat pump is entrained at a point downstream of the throat region where the pressure in the nozzle is lower than the pressure at the exit of the evaporator. The pressure of the second working fluid from the heat pump is lower than that of the exiting fluid (and the input fluid from the heat engine).

Abstract: A thermodynamic constant volume vapor compression heat pump system including method and apparatus wherein a closed fluid loop having first, intermediate and second treatment stations, is employed. A liquid refrigerant fluid under low pumping pressure is introduced to a first treatment station following initial expansion, accelerating propulsion, and atomization thereof, precedent to evaporation of the refrigerant fluid through a divisive containment of the accelerated refrigerant fluid.

Abstract: A heat pump system which comprises a main heat pump circuit filled with non-azeotropic mixed coolant and including a compressor, a utility-side heat exchanger, a throttling device, a source-side heat exchanger, etc.,; a fractionating separator having an upper end fluid-connected with an exit side of the utility-side heat exchanger; a reservoir disposed beneath the fractionating separator and having a bottom fluid-connected through a shut-off valve with a low pressure piping on an inlet side of either the source-side heat exchanger or the utility-side heat exchanger; and a coolant ejector disposed between the compressor and the utility-side heat exchanger, wherein a gaseous medium generated from the fractionating separator when the reservoir is heated is guided to a suction port of the coolant ejector to flow into the main heat pump circuit.

Abstract: A fluid system for controlling fluid temperatures and transferring heat from a thermal energy source such as a solar collector to point-of-need heat exchangers, remote from the collector from which heat is discharged for use. The fluid system blanket pressure, i.e., the pressure at the high point of the system, is maintained at a level such that the fluid vaporizes in the desired temperature operating range of the collector. The vapor collects in an accumulator that is connected in parallel in the heat transfer system with the collector. The accumulator serves to supply a regulated flow of vapor for motivating a vapor jet compressor-pump. The pump functions for the dual purposes of circulating the heat transfer fluid and as a vapor compressor for space cooling or the pumping of heat from the outside environment into the system to supplement the heat supplied by the collector.