Phase Comparison Patents (Class 702/72)
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Patent number: 7865660Abstract: Methods and apparatuses to calibrate read/write memory accesses through data buses of different lengths via advanced memory buffers. One embodiment includes an advanced memory buffer (AMB) having: a plurality of ports to interface respectively with a plurality of data buses; a port to interface with a common clock bus for the plurality of data buses; and an adjustable circuit coupled with the plurality of ports to level delays on the plurality of data buses. In one embodiment, the data buses have different wire lengths between the dynamic random access memory (DRAM) memory chips and the advanced memory buffer (AMB).Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 2007Date of Patent: January 4, 2011Assignee: Montage Technology Group Ltd.Inventors: Zhendong Guo, Larry Wu, Xiaorong Ye, Gang Shan
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Patent number: 7853418Abstract: A frequency error estimation algorithm is presented for use in radio receivers, for example. The present algorithm utilizes irregular time intervals between pilot symbols to improve the frequency range of the estimate. First, a first phase rotation indicator comprising information on phase rotation of a received signal within a first time interval is estimated. Then, a second phase rotation indicator comprising information on phase rotation of the received signal within a second time interval of a different length than the first time interval is estimated. A frequency error estimate is calculated from the phase difference between the first phase rotation indicator and the second phase rotation indicator, for example by dividing the phase difference by the difference in the lengths of the first and the second time interval.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2007Date of Patent: December 14, 2010Assignee: Nokia CorporationInventor: Jukka Mikkonen
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Patent number: 7821249Abstract: A phase difference measuring device according to this invention has an object of shortening the measuring time, and includes a plurality of phase difference measuring circuits (104, 105, 106) formed in a row, and phase difference conversion circuits (101, 102, 103) each connected between adjacent phase difference measuring circuits. The phase difference measuring circuit receives first and second signals, respectively gives the first and second signals first and second delay amounts cumulatively a plurality of number of times, and, whenever giving the delay amounts, compares the phases of the first and second signals given the delay amounts, thereby determining which one of the phases leads the other.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 2006Date of Patent: October 26, 2010Assignee: NEC CorporationInventors: Koichi Nose, Masayuki Mizuno
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Patent number: 7809517Abstract: A system for testing integrated circuit products and other devices under test (DUT) includes a DUT tester, which stimulates the devices under test and analyzes signals from the devices under test. A device interface board transports signals between the DUT tester and the devices under test. A test board is coupled to the device interface board and used to generate measurements associated with the devices under test, such as phase noise or phase jitter measurements. The test board could, for example, include a phase detector for detecting a phase difference between two signals and a control loop for adjusting at least one of the two signals to maintain an average of zero DC volts at an output of the phase detector. A customization module could also be used to customize the test board. The customization module could include a phase shifter, a phase-locked loop synthesizer, and/or an oscillator.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 2007Date of Patent: October 5, 2010Assignee: National Semiconductor CorporationInventor: Lawrence H. Zuckerman
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Patent number: 7805267Abstract: The present invention relates to verification of a transmission margin of various transmission lines transmitting a signal such as a high-speed digital signal and ensures improved verification accuracy. A transmission margin verification apparatus according to the present invention is configured with a measurement unit (e.g., LSI tester 4, network analyzer 6, pulse generator 8, oscilloscope 10) operable to measure a transmission loss and a leading edge waveform of pseudo transmission lines (e.g., transmission lines 56, 62, 66) corresponding to a target device 44 to be verified, and a calculation unit (tester controller 12) operable to reference the transmission line loss and the leading edge waveform measured by the measurement unit, calculate a transmission waveform of the target device, and associate the transmission waveform with a mask of the target device to calculate a transmission margin of the target device.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 2004Date of Patent: September 28, 2010Assignee: Fujitsu LimitedInventor: Daita Tsubamoto
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Patent number: 7805641Abstract: A test apparatus tests a device under test. The test apparatus includes a period generator that generates a rate signal determining a test period according to an operating period of the device under test, a phase comparing section that inputs an operational clock signal for the device under test generated from the device under test and detects a phase difference between the operational clock signal and the rate signal using the rate signal as a standard, a test signal generating section that generates a test signal to be supplied to the device under test in synchronization with the rate signal, a delaying section that delays the test signal in accordance with the phase difference to substantially synchronize the delayed signal with the operational clock signal, and a test signal supplying section that supplies the delayed test signal to the device under test.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 2007Date of Patent: September 28, 2010Assignee: Advantest CorporationInventors: Tatsuya Yamada, Masaru Doi, Shinya Satou
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Publication number: 20100241379Abstract: A method for analyzing an integrated circuit includes: a step (102) for applying laser radiation at a point on the surface of the circuit; a step (106) for exciting the circuit thus subjected to laser radiation by applying an electrical excitation signal; a step (106) for collecting the response of the circuit to the excitation, the circuit being subjected to laser radiation; a step (106) for measuring the phase difference between the response to the excitation of the circuit subjected to laser radiation and a reference response of the circuit in the absence of laser radiation applied to the circuit. An associated observation method and installation are also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 19, 2007Publication date: September 23, 2010Applicant: CENTRE NATIONAL D'ETUDES SPATIALESInventors: Romain DESPLATS, Kevin SANCHEZ
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Patent number: 7795925Abstract: A phase difference detector for detecting a phase difference between input clocks which both have a same first frequency, including: a pulse width conversion unit for converting the input clocks into a phase difference signal indicating by a pulse width a phase difference between the input clocks; and a counter unit which samples a level of the phase difference signal using a reference clock having a second frequency which is slower than the first frequency, and counts the number of levels of the phase difference signal using a first weighting according to the sampled level of the phase difference signal. When the count value of the counter unit transits in a predetermined range, the phase difference between the input clocks is detected according to the first weighting.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 2009Date of Patent: September 14, 2010Assignee: Fujitsu LimitedInventor: Masazumi Marutani
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Patent number: 7797119Abstract: Apparatus and method for increasing the sensitivity in the detection of optical coherence tomography and low coherence interferometry (“LCI”) signals by detecting a parallel set of spectral bands, each band being a unique combination of optical frequencies. The LCI broad bandwidth source is split into N spectral bands. The N spectral bands are individually detected and processed to provide an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of N. Each spectral band is detected by a separate photo detector and amplified. For each spectral band the signal is band pass filtered around the signal band by analog electronics and digitized, or, alternatively, the signal may be digitized and band pass filtered in software. As a consequence, the shot noise contribution to the signal is reduced by a factor equal to the number of spectral bands. The signal remains the same. The reduction of the shot noise increases the dynamic range and sensitivity of the system.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 2007Date of Patent: September 14, 2010Assignee: The General Hospital CorporationInventors: Johannes F. de Boer, Guillermo J. Tearney, Brett Eugene Bouma
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Patent number: 7788066Abstract: Noise discrimination in signals from a plurality of sensors is conducted by enhancing the phase difference in the signals such that off-axis pick-up is suppressed while on-axis pick-up is enhanced. Alternatively, attenuation/expansion are applied to the signals in a phase difference dependent manner, consistent with suppression of off-axis pick-up and on-axis enhancement. Nulls between sensitivity lobes are widened, effectively narrowing the sensitivity lobes and improving directionality and noise discrimination.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 2007Date of Patent: August 31, 2010Assignee: Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationInventors: Jon C. Taenzer, Bruce G. Spicer
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Patent number: 7778785Abstract: There is provided a measuring apparatus for measuring a signal-to-noise ratio of a discrete waveform which is output from an AD converter in response to an input signal, where the signal-to-noise ratio indicates a ratio of a signal component of the input signal to noise generated by the AD converter. The measuring apparatus includes a spectrum compensating section that receives a spectrum of the discrete waveform output from the AD converter, and compensates the received spectrum in accordance with a non-symmetric sideband between an upper sideband and a lower sideband of the received spectrum, where the upper and lower sidebands are defined with respect to a fundamental frequency of the input signal, and a phase noise waveform calculating section that calculates a phase noise waveform of the discrete waveform based on the spectrum which has been compensated by the spectrum compensating section.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 2008Date of Patent: August 17, 2010Assignee: Advantest CorporationInventors: Takahiro Yamaguchi, Masayuki Kawabata, Mani Soma, Masahiro Ishida
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Patent number: 7751996Abstract: A D/U ratio is measured for desired and undesired signals in a wireless video transmission system at a shared channel frequency based on a received signal at a geographic location in proximity to regions within respective service areas for the desired and undesired signals. A video tuner demodulates the received signal to generate a baseband video signal. A leveling circuit normalizes the baseband signal. A video processor identifies horizontal sync pulses within the baseband signal, generates a sampled signal comprising the horizontal sync pulses, and removes components of the desired signal from the sampled signal to generate an undesired signal component. A D/U analyzer determines a Fourier transform having a plurality of bins in response to the undesired signal component, identifies at least one of the bins having a spectral peak corresponding to an undesired signal, and calculates the D/U ratio in response to a magnitude of the identified peak.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2006Date of Patent: July 6, 2010Assignee: Sprint Communications Company L.P.Inventors: Giuseppe Ardizzone, Robert C. Tenten
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Patent number: 7751997Abstract: The invention relates to a method for unambiguously determining a physical parameter ? using m phase-measured values ?i with 1?i?m, whereby the phase-measured values ?i have different, integer periodicity values ni and an integer periodicity difference (a) with ?n>1 within an unambiguous range E of the physical parameter ?. A value T with (b) and (c) is calculated based on the phase-measured values ?i and the periodicity values ni thereof, and, within a reduced unambiguous range Ered with (d), a value V is allocated to the value T by allocation according to (e), wherein TUk stands for a respective lower limit and TOk for a respective upper limit of T. The allocation intervals between the upper (TOk) and the lower limits (TUk) for T, as wells as the distances (f) correspond at least to the periodicity difference ?n. In order to determine the physical parameter ?, value V is added up with the phase-measured values ?i in a weighted manner.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2006Date of Patent: July 6, 2010Assignee: Robert Bosch GmbHInventors: Siegbert Steinlechner, Axel Wenzler
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Publication number: 20100161263Abstract: Independent frequency measurement and tracking of a signal using a measurement interval where the frequency of the signal is measured and a sampling rate is calculated, and a settling interval where the frequency of the signal is not measured. The sampling rate is calculated to correspond with the frequency of the signal and updated only after the calculation of the sampling rate in the measuring interval. The signal may be a signal of an electric power system such as a voltage waveform or a current waveform. The frequency calculation may include determination of a rate of rotation of a positive-sequence phasor of the signal.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 24, 2008Publication date: June 24, 2010Inventors: Gabriel Benmouyal, Angelo D'Aversa
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Patent number: 7739063Abstract: A method for eliminating the systematic measurement errors from a measurement system, for example a vector network analyzer, such that an accurate representation of the behavior of a nonlinear device can be measured or characterized. The cross-frequency phase and absolute amplitude of the measured voltage waves applied to and emanating from the nonlinear device are measured and error corrected. These waves may be used for nonlinear device characterization or modeling.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2007Date of Patent: June 15, 2010Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Loren C. Betts, Daniel B. Gunyan
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Publication number: 20100134092Abstract: A modulation error measurement device according to the present invention receives a demodulated signal containing a demodulated I signal and a demodulated Q signal from a quadrature demodulator receiving an RF signal output by a quadrature modulator and applying the quadrature demodulation to the received RF signal, and measures a quadrature error corresponding to a phase difference between an I component and a Q component of the modulated signal. The quadrature modulator applies quadrature modulation to an original I signal (?1) and an original Q signal (?2) having frequencies different from each other.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 20, 2009Publication date: June 3, 2010Applicant: ADVANTEST CORPORATIONInventor: Takashi SHIMURA
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Patent number: 7725277Abstract: In a method for performing a frequency analysis of an AC voltage signal, in particular in a power mains, an upper limit of the period length of a fundamental oscillation in the AC voltage signal is determined. A sequence of sampling values of the AC voltage signal is obtained over a duration longer than the upper limit of the period length, thereby ensuring that more than a period of the fundamental oscillation is sampled. Selected from the sequence of sampling values is a subset of sampling values, with the subset sampling substantially one period of the fundamental oscillation. At least a portion of the sampling values not included in the subset is altered, and a frequency is calculated based on the obtained sequence of sampling values, the subset of sampling values and the altered portion of the sampling values.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 2008Date of Patent: May 25, 2010Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventor: Robert Bösnecker
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Patent number: 7720623Abstract: The present invention relates to a system to implement a phase-locked loop (PLL) which is able to provide an estimation of the angular frequency, and both the positive and negative sequences of the fundamental component of a three-phase signal. These sequences are provided in fixed reference frame coordinates.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 2007Date of Patent: May 18, 2010Assignee: Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (IPICYT)Inventors: Gerardo Escobar Valderrama, Raymundo Enrique Torres Olguin, Misael Fransisco Martinez Montejano
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Patent number: 7711510Abstract: A signal processing system compensates for the relative phase difference between multiple frequency bands so that the combination of the bands is constructive throughout a substantial portion of the band overlap or crossover region. In one embodiment, a signal combining system may include a comparator for determining a relative phase difference between the two signals within a predefined crossover region, a phase adjusting element for adjusting a phase of one of the two signals; and a combiner for combining the phase-adjusted signal and the other of the two signals.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 2007Date of Patent: May 4, 2010Assignee: LeCroy CorporationInventor: Peter J. Pupalaikis
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Patent number: 7706992Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for representing quasi-periodic (“qp”) waveforms comprising, representing a plurality of limited decompositions of the qp waveform, wherein each decomposition includes a first and second amplitude value and at least one time value. In some embodiments, each of the decompositions is phase adjusted such that the arithmetic sum of the plurality of limited decompositions reconstructs the qp waveform. These decompositions are stored into a data structure having a plurality of attributes. Optionally, these attributes are used to reconstruct the qp waveform, or patterns or features of the qp wave can be determined by using various pattern-recognition techniques. Some embodiments provide a system that uses software, embedded hardware or firmware to carry out the above-described method. Some embodiments use a computer-readable medium to store the data structure and/or instructions to execute the method.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 2006Date of Patent: April 27, 2010Assignee: Digital Intelligence, L.L.C.Inventors: Carlos A. Ricci, Vladimir V. Kovtun
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Publication number: 20100088053Abstract: Provided is a phase detection device which can detect a phase by using a simple configuration.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 26, 2008Publication date: April 8, 2010Applicant: Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki KAishaInventor: Shouichi Sato
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Publication number: 20100067622Abstract: A controller and a circuit work together to enable a selective and dynamic adjustment to correct phase and gain imbalances in quadrature signal paths of a receiver. Under select conditions, it has been determined that statistical estimates of gain and phase imbalance can be applied to adjust signals in the quadrature signal paths of a receiver. The controller validates the select conditions before updating the estimate of the gain imbalance and the estimate of the phase imbalance. The controller directs a compensator under select operating conditions such that validated dynamic estimates of the gain and phase imbalance or calibration data is applied to the quadrature signal paths. The controller disables the compensator and enables an estimator and a calculator when estimates are unavailable for the present operating conditions.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 15, 2008Publication date: March 18, 2010Applicant: Skyworks Solutions, Inc.Inventors: Jaleh Komaili, Thomas Obkircher, William J. Domino
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Patent number: 7668679Abstract: Systems and methods for strobe signal timing calibration and control in strobe-based memory systems are provided below. These strobe-offset control systems and methods receive a strobe signal from a memory device and in turn automatically generate separate per-bit strobe signals for use in receiving data on each data line of a memory system. The systems/methods generate the optimal per-bit strobe signals by automatically calibrating per-bit offset timing between data signals of individual data bits and corresponding strobe signals. The strobe-offset control system effectively removes the detected phase difference between the data signal and the strobe signal.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 2007Date of Patent: February 23, 2010Assignee: Rambus Inc.Inventor: Scott C. Best
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Patent number: 7610161Abstract: A wander gamut display for perturbation analysis is created by determining from a periodic input data signal and a reference clock a frequency offset and frequency drift rate for the input signal. The frequency offset and frequency drift rate are input to respective orthogonal axes of a Cartesian display together with a wander limit bounding box that defines the wander gamut. Values that fall outside the bounding box on the display indicate wander that may result in data errors.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 2003Date of Patent: October 27, 2009Assignee: Tektronix, Inc.Inventor: Daniel G. Baker
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Publication number: 20090112500Abstract: An interferometer produces a first optical signal and a second optical signal interfering with each other. The optical signals are converted digital signals form addresses. A memory stores data values corresponding to the first and second optical signals, and in which the addresses are used to directly read the data values stored at the addresses. The data values stored in the memory can be dynamically adapting while converting the first and second optical signals and reading the data values.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 25, 2007Publication date: April 30, 2009Inventors: William S. Yerazunis, Dirk Brinkman
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Publication number: 20090105979Abstract: The present invention is an algorithm to implement a phase-locked loop (PLL) which is able to provide an estimation of the angular frequency, and both the positive and negative sequences of the fundamental component of a three-phase signal. These sequences are provided in fixed reference frame coordinates, and thus the proposed algorithm is referred as fixed reference frame PLL (FRF-PLL). In fact, the FRF-PLL does not require transformation of variables into the synchronous reference frame coordinates as in most PLL schemes. The detection of the positive sequence component of the source voltage at fundamental frequency is essential for the control and synchronization of systems coupled with the electric network, which are required to run even under grid disturbances such as unbalanced voltages, voltages sags, harmonic distortion and angular frequency variations.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 23, 2007Publication date: April 23, 2009Inventors: Gerardo Escobar Valderrama, Raymundo Enrique Torres Olguin, Misael Fransisco Martinez Montejano
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Patent number: 7511469Abstract: A phasemeter for estimating the phase of a signal. For multi-tone signals, multiple phase estimates may be provided. An embodiment includes components operating in the digital domain, where a sampled input signal is multiplied by cosine and sine terms to provide estimates of the inphase and quadrature components. The quadrature component provides an error signal that is provided to a feedback loop, the feedback loop providing a model phase that tends to track the phase of a tone in the input signal. The cosine and sine terms are generated from the model phase. The inphase and quadrature components are used to form a residual phase, which is added to the model phase to provide an estimate of the phase of the input signal. Other embodiments are described and claimed.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2007Date of Patent: March 31, 2009Assignee: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Peter G. Halverson, Brent Ware, Daniel A. Shaddock, Robert E. Spero
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Patent number: 7504818Abstract: The rotation phase angle measuring device measures a voltage instantaneous value of an electric power system in a period of 1/(4 N) of one period of a reference wave and integrates voltage amplitude of a squared value of the voltage instantaneous value in arbitrary timing for measuring the voltage instantaneous value. The rotation phase angle measuring device calculates chord lengths of the voltage rotation vectors in the above two timings by the integral arithmetic calculation with respect to a difference between two measured adjacent voltage instantaneous values in one pitch period including the above timing. The rotation phase angle measuring device also has a rotation phase angle calculator for calculating a phase angle of the voltage rotation vector in one pitch period including the above timing on the basis of the voltage amplitude value and the chord length value calculated by the above calculations.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 2007Date of Patent: March 17, 2009Assignee: Mitsubishi Electric CorporationInventor: Kempei Seki
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Publication number: 20080309946Abstract: A differential-phase interferometric system includes a polarized heterodyne interferometer for generating reference and signal beam that travel along reference and signal channels, respectively. The signal beam is directed to a specimen and contains measured information of the specimen. The interferometer further generates a first electrical signal output corresponding to first linear polarized waves of the reference and signal beams, and a second electrical signal output corresponding to second linear polarized waves of the reference and signal beams. A differential amplifier receives the first and second electrical signal outputs, and generates a differential signal output therefrom. A data acquisition unit is used to measure amplitudes of the first and second electrical signal outputs and the differential signal output.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 12, 2008Publication date: December 18, 2008Inventor: Chien Chou
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Patent number: 7460967Abstract: Events discovered by an automatic measurement subsystem in the trace of a DSO are visited using a set of event navigation controls. In a TIME Mode the controls operate to display the first of those events, display the next event after the one currently displayed, display the previous event before the one currently displayed, and, display the last event. In a SEVERITY Mode the controls operate to display the best of those events, display the next best event relative to the one currently displayed, display the next worst event before the one currently displayed, and, display the worst event. The sets of navigation controls may be a mode control menu accompanied by four stylized arrow shaped buttons within a GUI that are clicked on by an operator using a mouse. One set of arrow shaped button can serve both modes, or different sets of buttons can serve each respective mode.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 2006Date of Patent: December 2, 2008Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Christopher P Duff
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Patent number: 7454647Abstract: A skew measurement system and method wherein each of the signals among which the skew is to be determined is connected one at a time to a clock recovery loop. The locked state of the clock recovery loop is used as an indicator of the skew of the data signal relative to the internal clock of the clock recovery loop. By measuring the difference between the locked state of different signals, their relative skew can be measured.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2005Date of Patent: November 18, 2008Assignee: National Semiconductor CorporationInventors: Varadarajan Devnath, Vijaya Ceekala, James B. Wieser, Lawrence K. Whitcomb
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Patent number: 7454301Abstract: A jitter calculator engine that includes a core effects module, an input/output (I/O) module, and a phase lock loop (PLL) module is provided. The core effects module estimates core jitter caused by noise effects impacting a core clock network. The I/O module estimates I/O input pin switching effects on a clock network input signal. In one embodiment, the I/O module identifies a relative frequency of switching by I/O pins in the circuit design. The PLL module estimates an effect of a PLL on a signal delivered to the PLL from an I/O pin. The PLL module accounts for I/O input pin switching effects and core jitter. The jitter calculator engine may be in communication with a database and the different designs evaluated may be stored in the database so that the database becomes a repository for the different designs and may provide useful information for future designs.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 2006Date of Patent: November 18, 2008Assignee: Altera CorporationInventors: Nafira Daud, Iliya G. Zamek, Peter Boyle
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Patent number: 7428464Abstract: A wideband signal analyzer has a plurality of frequency conversion paths for simultaneously processing different contiguous frequency bands of an input signal. Each frequency conversion path provides time domain data for input to a digital signal processor. The digital signal processor interpolates each group of time domain data to produce interpolated time domain data having a number of data points that satisfies a Nyquist condition for a combined bandwidth of the frequency conversion paths. A calibration signal set to a border frequency between a pair of frequency conversion channels is used to calibrate the gains and phase differences between the frequency conversion paths so that the digital signal processor identifies corresponding time domain data between the interpolated time domain data groups. A suite of frequency domain data is calculated by the digital signal processor from the interpolated time domain data groups and stored for subsequent display.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 2004Date of Patent: September 23, 2008Assignee: Tektronix, Inc.Inventor: Akira Nara
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Patent number: 7426444Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods for determining a phase shift acquired by an entangled N-qubit system represented by a NOON state. In one embodiment, a probe electromagnetic field is coupled with each qubit system. The phase shift acquired by the qubit systems is transferred to the probe electromagnetic field by transforming each qubit-system state into a linear superposition of qubit basis states. An intensity measurement is performed on the probe electromagnetic field in order to obtain a corresponding measurement result. A counter associated with a measurement-result interval is incremented, based on the measurement result falling within the measurement-result interval. A frequency distribution is produced by normalizing the counter associated with each measurement-result interval for a number of trials.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 2006Date of Patent: September 16, 2008Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.Inventors: Raymond G. Beausoleil, William J. Munro, Timothy P. Spiller, Pieter Kok, Sean D. Barrett, Kae Nemoto
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Patent number: 7415372Abstract: Noise discrimination in signals from a plurality of sensors is conducted by enhancing the phase difference in the signals such that off-axis pick-up is suppressed while on-axis pick-up is enhanced. Alternatively, attenuation/expansion are applied to the signals in a phase difference dependent manner, consistent with suppression of off-axis pick-up and on-axis enhancement. Nulls between sensitivity lobes are widened, effectively narrowing the sensitivity lobes and improving directionality and noise discrimination.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 2005Date of Patent: August 19, 2008Assignee: Step Communications CorporationInventors: Jon C. Taenzer, Bruce G. Spicer
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Publication number: 20080172194Abstract: In order to stably measure an input interval time of a pulse signal with high precision, a time interval measuring apparatus includes a reference signal generator, a phase shifter, first and second A/D converters, an error correction unit, an instantaneous phase calculation unit, and an interval time calculation unit. The phase shifter divides a reference signal of a sine wave having a predetermined frequency from the reference signal generator into a first analog signal and a second analog signal having phases shifted to each other. The first and second A/D converters perform sampling of the first analog signal and the second analog signal from the phase shifter, respectively, at an input timing of a pulse signal to be measured, and output a first and second digital sample values.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 16, 2006Publication date: July 17, 2008Applicant: ANRITSU CORPORATIONInventors: Ken Mochizuki, Osamu Sugiyama, Tadanori Nishikobara
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Publication number: 20080172195Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a CDR (Clock Data Recovery) circuit and a frequency tracking control circuit. The CDR (Clock Data Recovery) circuit executes a clock data recovery on a serial data inputted synchronously with a spread spectrum clock. The frequency tracking control circuit controls a bandwidth of frequency which can be tracked by the CDR circuit.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 14, 2008Publication date: July 17, 2008Applicant: NEC ELECTRONICS CORPORATIONInventor: Masao NAKADAIRA
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Patent number: 7401008Abstract: A method and system for intrinsic timescale decomposition, filtering, and automated analysis of signals of arbitrary origin or timescale including receiving an input signal, determining a baseline segment and a monotonic residual segment with strictly negative minimum and strictly positive maximum between two successive extrema of the input signal, and producing a baseline output signal and a residual output signal. The method and system also includes determining at least one instantaneous frequency estimate from a proper rotation signal, determining a zero-crossing and a local extremum of the proper rotation signal, and applying interpolation thereto to determine an instantaneous frequency estimate thereof.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 2006Date of Patent: July 15, 2008Inventors: Mark G. Frei, Ivan Osorio
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Patent number: 7398411Abstract: Provided is a self-calibrating time code generator and method for generating an accurate time code (e.g., an accurate IRIG waveform). The self-calibrating time code generator includes a phase-locked loop configured to provide a generated output signal based on a phase difference between an absolute time reference signal and a compensated generated input signal, an IRIG encoder configured to couple a present time value with the generated output signal to form an IRIG waveform, a delay difference indicator configured to provide a time interval value based on a comparison of corresponding pulse edges of the generated output signal and the IRIG waveform, and a numerical delay component configured to delay the generated output signal by the time interval value to form the compensated generated input signal used to time-align the IRIG waveform with the absolute time reference signal to form the accurate IRIG waveform.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 2005Date of Patent: July 8, 2008Assignee: Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Gregary C. Zweigle, Jerry J. Bennett, Shankar V. Achanta
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Patent number: 7379791Abstract: A system is disposed at a location of a utility commodity subscriber for informing the subscriber of and controlling utility commodity usage. The system includes utility meters, an information and control apparatus, and a first and second data communication link. The meters measure usage and and generate usage signals. The information and control apparatus includes a microprocessor, a memory, a clock, and a user interface. The first data communication link is between the utility meters and the information and control apparatus and the second data communication link is between the information and control apparatus and one or more central locations. The second communication link also provides rate information to the information and control apparatus and utility commodity usage data to the central location. The microprocessor computes an accumulated cost of utility commodity for a predetermined period of time. Information related to the accumulated cost is output to the subscriber.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 2005Date of Patent: May 27, 2008Assignee: USCL CorporationInventors: Tomer D. Tamarkin, Robert S. Block, Phillip M. Fine
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Patent number: 7376525Abstract: An apparatus comprises a brushless motor, driver, incremental displacement sensor, and processor. The motor has a rotor, stator, and electrical terminals accepting a drive signal. The initial phase of the rotor is unknown. The driver is connected to the electrical terminals and produces the drive signal. The displacement sensor is configured to measure a displacement of the rotor and to produce an output signal. The processor has an input receiving the output signal and an output connected to the driver. The processor causes the driver to produce the drive signal according to a predetermined function of time, observes the output signal from the displacement sensor resulting from the drive signal, and performs mathematical computations on the basis of the observed output signal and a model of dynamic behavior of the motor to estimate the initial phase of the rotor.Type: GrantFiled: May 9, 2006Date of Patent: May 20, 2008Assignee: Newport CorporationInventors: Roger Desailly, Jeremy Malaize, Jean Levine, Daniel Gvero, Franck Duquenoy
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Patent number: 7372246Abstract: A system and method for determining the relative phase between current-carrying conductors. A reference unit samples and digitizes a voltage waveform at a reference location and transmits the digitized voltage waveform. A field sampling unit is placed on or directly adjacent a field conductor at a field location and transmits a signal representative of the voltage waveform of the field conductor. A field unit receives and digitizes the waveform received from the field sampling unit, and receives the digitized voltage waveform from the reference unit, and compares the digitized field waveform and the digitized reference waveform.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 2005Date of Patent: May 13, 2008Inventors: Harold I. Marsden, Aaron Coolidge
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Patent number: 7346464Abstract: A gait waveform feature extracting method and an individual identification system extract features of the gait waveform. A one-step waveform corresponding to one step of a walking movement is specified using, as an index, a peak amplitude corresponding to a state where substantially a whole bottom surface of one foot is in contact with the ground and a toe of the other foot is just after leaving the ground among the electric field displacement formed on the human body in accordance with the human body's walking movements. Based on the specified one-step waveform, the features of the one-step waveform are extracted, so that the peak amplitude appears without influence from electric-charge interference between the right and left legs. Accordingly, the one-step waveform reflects the actual one step of the walking movement, and therefore, the features of the one-step waveform can be precisely extracted.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 2003Date of Patent: March 18, 2008Assignee: Sony CorporationInventor: Kiyoaki Takiguchi
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Patent number: 7315797Abstract: A method and system for canceling VSWR effects is provided. The exemplary method includes taking multiple measurements of parameters of a signal with a phase of the microwave signal shifted for each measurement; and processing the measured parameters to eliminate VSWR effects and determine the true magnitude and phase of the signal.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 2006Date of Patent: January 1, 2008Assignee: AAI CorporationInventor: James Jaklitsch
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Patent number: 7308372Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a system for phase jitter measurement circuits are described herein.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 2006Date of Patent: December 11, 2007Assignee: Intel CorporationInventors: Michael C. Rifani, Keng L. Wong, Christopher Pan
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Patent number: 7272521Abstract: A method for determining the phase characteristics of a nonlinear analog device includes application of a test signal, which may be linear-FM, to the nonlinear device. The converted signal is digitized and mathematically converted to baseband in ideal fashion. A digitized version of the original test signal and the downconverted signal are phase compared to determine the phase error.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 2005Date of Patent: September 18, 2007Assignee: Lockheed Martin CorporationInventors: Peter L. Delos, David B. Zaff, Matthew W. Smith
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Patent number: 7268783Abstract: Image alias rejection when converting a high resolution rasterized waveform to a lower resolution rasterized waveform for display uses a statistical filter. The statistical filter provides a shaped probability density function either by combining the outputs of multiple random number generators, such as linear feedback shift registers, or by using a corresponding look-up table to produce a dither signal. The statistical filter may be applied to one or both of the dimensional values for each data point of the high resolution rasterized waveform by combining the dimensional values with the dither signal. The resulting filtered dimensional values may then be subsampled, such as by truncation, to produce values for a lower resolution rasterized waveform display.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2001Date of Patent: September 11, 2007Assignee: Tektronix, Inc.Inventors: Robert W. Parish, Scott E. Zink, Evan Albright
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Publication number: 20070203667Abstract: In a positional information detecting device, a tone-burst signal propagating unit causes a tone-burst signal to propagate through a path. The tone-burst signal is composed of a continuous wave train, the continuous wave train including a plurality of cycles of a constant frequency. A detecting unit detects, at a predetermined position in the path, the tone-burst signal propagating through the path every one cycle of the tone-burst signal to measure a propagation delay time based on the detected signal. The propagation delay time represents a period for which the tone-burst signal has propagated through the path. A phase obtaining unit obtains a phase of the detected signal. A positional information obtaining unit obtains positional information associated with the predetermined position based on the measured propagation delay time and the obtained phase of the detected signal.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 10, 2006Publication date: August 30, 2007Applicant: DENSO CORPORATIONInventors: Takamoto Watanabe, Sumio Masuda
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Patent number: 7260485Abstract: Various computer-implemented methods and systems are provided. One computer-implemented method includes determining a ratio between output signals generated by detecting spectra for a single event in two or more detection windows. The spectra are characteristic of different materials. At least a portion of the spectra overlap in at least one of the two or more detection windows. The method also includes determining which of the different materials are associated with the ratio. One embodiment of a system includes one or more detectors configured to detect spectra for a single event in two or more detection windows. The spectra may include spectra as described above. The one or more detectors are also configured to generate output signals in response to the detected spectra. The system also includes a processor configured to determine a ratio between the output signals and to determine which of the different materials are associated with the ratio.Type: GrantFiled: July 6, 2004Date of Patent: August 21, 2007Assignee: Luminex CorporationInventor: Don J. Chandler
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Patent number: 7257504Abstract: A radio frequency ID tag, very small in size and with an onboard antenna, is manufactured, tested and applied cost-efficiently. The transmit frequency for the tag is set during manufacture approximately, within a selected range, in a gross tuning step. A second tuning step fine tunes each tag by RF communication to set values of capacitance, resistance, etc., and this can be at the point of application of the tags. Other aspects include burning a randomly-selected value in the RF ID chip during manufacture to impose a random time delay for tag response (rather than having a random generator on the chip itself); structural testing of a large number of tags on a wafer using on-wafer interconnects and a special onboard sequencer test die; and production of the tag so as to be tunable to different frequency ranges.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 2005Date of Patent: August 14, 2007Assignee: Tagent CorporationInventors: Jarie G. Bolander, Forrest Wunderlich, Neil Jarvis, Christopher J. Lee, Bernard Baron, Paul A. Lovoi