Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide an interface between a host and a multi-plane flash memory. For example, the interface can include a first storage unit, a second storage unit and a controller. The first storage unit can be configured to receive and store a first plane pipeline command issued from the host, and output the first plane pipeline command to a first plane of the flash memory. The second storage unit can be configured to receive and store a second plane pipeline command issued from the host, and output the second plane pipeline command to a second plane of the flash memory. The controller can be electrically connected to the first storage unit and the second storage unit, and configured to output the first and second plane pipeline commands to the first and second planes, respectively, when no read process is performed on the first plane and the second plane.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for automatically generating a fault-enabled software development kit (SDK) to test an application. The generating includes determining one or more faults based on codes associated with the SDK and a frequency of occurrences of faults while executing the SDK. A fault injector automatically injects the determined faults in select layers of code in the SDK and generates fault configuration data associated with the automatically injected faults in the SDK. The fault configuration data describes faults that have been injected in the fault-enabled SDK to test an application. The fault-enabled SDK tests the application without needs for modifying the application code for testing purposes. The fault-enabled SDK further provides types of faults that may be common in using the SDK without requiring application developers to have detailed understanding of internals of the SDK to test the application with simulated faults.

Abstract: Performing shadow stack functionality for a thread in an audit mode includes initiating execution of a thread at the processor. Execution of the thread includes initiating execution of executable code of an application binary as part of the thread and enabling shadow stack functionality for the thread in an audit mode. Based at least on the execution of the thread in the audit mode, at least a portion of the shadow stack is enabled to be a circular stack. In response to determining that usage of the shadow stack has reached the defined threshold, one or more currently used entries of the shadow stack are overwritten, preventing the shadow stack from overflowing.

Abstract: A method for active failure recovery of a single node improved based on PBFT algorithm is disclosed. The abnormal node first initiates a view change request, if (2f+1) view change requests containing the same view value cannot be received within a specified period of time, the abnormal node enters a state to be recovered, and the node to be recovered initiates a recovery request to all nodes of the whole network, waits for replies from normal nodes and counts the number of replies, calculates a height of stable checkpoint of the whole network after receiving replies contain the same view value from (2f+1) nodes, and update the state thereof to finally complete the recovery. This method solves an inherent problem in the PBFT algorithm that a failure in a single node cannot be recovered autonomously, so that a practicability of the PBFT algorithm is greatly improved.

Abstract: A method for weakening delays resulted from failures of multiple continuous nodes in a DBFT distributed network is provided. In step S1, whether a view index is equal to zero is determined, if yes, a new Leader index is obtained according to a first rule and the method processes to step S3, otherwise processes to step S2. In step S2, the new Leader index is obtained according to a second rule, and whether a proposal proposed by a node corresponding to the new Leader index is passed is determined. If yes, the method processes to step S3, otherwise, step S2 is implemented repeatedly until the proposal proposed by the node corresponding to the new Leader index is passed. In step S3, the node corresponding to the new Leader index is taken as a new Leader. Then the delays caused by multiple continuous nodes in the DBFT distributed network are weaken.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for data caching. The method comprises: output matrixes are acquired one by one, a plurality of acquired output matrixes are written alternately into two queue sets of a first cache unit according to a sequence in which the output matrixes are acquired, and the output matrixes stored line by line in a first cache unit are written into a second cache unit one by one, according to the sequence in which the output matrixes are written into the second cache unit, valid data of each output matrix of the second cache unit is determined one by one according to preset parameters, and the valid data of each output matrix is written into a third cache unit, and the valid data of the output matrixes stored in the third cache unit are configured to be sequentially written into a memory according to a sequence in which the valid data are written into the third cache unit.

Abstract: A method for retrieving a file system entity at a presence of snapshot restore in a history of the file system entity , the method may include (i) receiving a request to obtain a content of the file system entity (FSE) at a certain point in time (PIT); and (ii) retrieving the content of the FSE at the certain point in time, wherein the retrieving comprises searching for FSE content segments to be included in a response to the request, wherein each FSE content segment has a write time that does not exceed the certain PIT, each FSE content segment is not included in a relevant blind period of time that is associated with a reversible snapshot restore operation, and fulfills another timing criterion.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, a computer system and a computer program product efficiently select restore points in a continuous data protection environment. The method includes receiving log entries that include restore points that correspond to data stored on nodes in the continuous data protection environment. The method also includes identifying an interesting restore point from the log entries. The method further includes grouping the interesting restore point for recovery based on one or more of a confidence score and a restore time. In addition, the method includes loading the group of interesting restore points on available nodes in the continuous data protection environment. The method also includes determining whether the data corresponding to each interesting restore point in the group is valid using a validation function. Lastly, the method includes discarding the interesting restore point when the data corresponding to the interesting restore point is not valid.

Abstract: A synchronizer that can generate pipeline (e.g., FIFO, LIFO) status in a single step without intermediate synchronization. The status can be an indicator of whether a pipeline is full, empty, almost full, or almost empty. The synchronizer (also referred to as a double-sync or ripple-based pipeline status synchronizer) can be used with any kind of clock crossing pipeline and all kinds of pointer encodings. The double-sync and ripple-based pipeline status synchronizers eliminate costly validation and semi-manual timing closure, suggests better performance and testability, and have lower area and power.

Abstract: Enforcing shadow stack violations at module granularity, rather than at thread or process granularity. An exception is processed during execution of a thread based on code of an application binary, which is enabled for shadow stack enforcement, that calls an external module. The exception results from a mismatch between a return address popped from the thread's call stack and a return address popped from the thread's shadow stack. Processing the exception includes determining that the exception resulted from execution of an instruction in the external module, and determining whether or not the external module is enabled for shadow stack enforcement. Based at least on these determinations, execution of the thread is terminated when the external module is enabled for shadow stack enforcement, or the thread is permitted to continue executing when the external module is not enabled for shadow stack enforcement.

Abstract: An asynchronous state machine replication solution in a system of replicas includes executing multiple instances of a consensus protocol, referred to as leader-based views (LBVs) in each replica, where each replica is a leader participant in one of the LBV instances. Each replica drives a decision based on the consensus being reached among the LBV instances, rather than relying the expiration of timers and view changes to drive progress.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method implements a Byzantine fault tolerant protocol. A first replica detects a condition to cause a view change procedure to move from a current view to a next view. The first replica sends a message indicating the first replica wants to leave the current view. Also, the first replica receives a set of messages from second replicas indicating a respective second replica wants to leave the current view. The first replica determines when a property is received to the leave the current view based on the set of messages from the set of second replicas. When it is determined the property is received, the first replica performs a process to leave the current view. When it is determined the property is not received, the first replica stays in the current view and participating in processing a request from a client in the current view.

Abstract: A computer executes a causal total order broadcast (CTOB) protocol, in a Byzantine fault-tolerant, distributed computerized system comprising a set of nodes acting as servers for clients of the system. The nodes host a trusted proxy client (TPC) process that executes in a trusted execution environment of the nodes. The TPC process includes for each client request (which include encrypted contents) received from any of the clients, signing the client request. The TPC process invokes a total order broadcast (TOB) protocol to obtain a sequence number for the signed request, whereby the nodes establish a total order in which the signed request is processed by the nodes. Upon determining that the signed request is assigned this sequence number, the TPC process reveals a decrypted version of the encrypted contents of the client request to the set of nodes, and the decrypted version is processed according to the TOB protocol.

Abstract: An example operation may include a system, comprising one or more of receiving a virtual network function component instance (VNFCI) status notification resumption message with an active state when a peer VNFCI operational state is active, retrieving a timestamp of a VNFCI state change to an active state from an element VNFCI state database, retrieving a timestamp of a peer VNFCI state change to active from an element VNFCI state database, sending one or more of: a request to a virtual network function manager (VNFM) to determine if the VNFCI network is isolating while an operating state was active, and a request to the VNFM to determine if the peer VNFCI network is isolating while an operating state was active, sending a state change request with standby state to the peer VNFCI when the VNFCI is not network isolated and the peer VNFCI is network isolated, and a VNFM response is received regarding the VNFCI, a timeout response from the VNFM, and a VNFM response is received regarding the peer VNFCI, and sendin

Abstract: Event records from multiple computing devices are received at a managing unit. Individual event records include an event identifier field including an event identifier identifying a first event associated with a particular computing device, a parent event identifier field identifying a parent event that initialized the first event, and an entity identifier field including an entity identifier identifying the particular computing device. The managing unit generates log records associated with event identifiers included in the event records. The log records include state fields indicating a state of a particular event associated with a particular event identifier. Based on a correlation of the event and log records, the managing unit determines at least two computing devices associated with events resulting in an error state, and identifies parent events that initialized the events with errors. The managing unit generates a report linking the parent events to the events having an error state.

Abstract: An interface for requesting, and technique for generation of, a backup of a past state of a database table are provided. Changes made to a database table are accumulated, in durable storage, and snapshots of partitions of the table are obtained. The accumulated changes and the successive partition snapshots are used to generate a past state of the database at any point in time across a continuum between successive snapshots. Although each partition of the table may have a snapshot that was generated at a time different from when other partition snapshots were generated, changes from respective change logs may be selectively log-applied to distinct partitions of a table to generate backup in the past of the entire table at common point-in-time across partitions.

Abstract: The technology disclosed herein may detect, avoid, or protect against “use after free” or “double free” programing logic errors. An example method may involve: receiving a plurality of requests to allocate memory, the plurality of requests comprising a first request and a second request; identifying a chunk of memory; generating a plurality of pointers to the chunk of memory, the plurality of pointers comprising a first pointer and a second pointer; providing the first pointer responsive to the first request and the second pointer responsive to the second request; and updating pointer validation data after providing the second pointer, wherein the pointer validation data indicates at least one of the plurality of pointers is valid and at least one of the plurality of pointers is invalid.

Abstract: A data management system includes a data reconciliation engine that identifies data sources that contain data records referencing a resource and determines whether each of the identified data sources is a creative data source or an additive data source. When all of the identified data sources are additive data sources, the reconciliation engine terminates a data reconciliation process. When all of the identified data sources are not additive data sources, the reconciliation engine finds a first creative data source from among the identified data sources, and initiates the data reconciliation process by merging data from the identified data sources including the first creative data source, one data source-by-one data source, into a reconciled data record.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus related to protecting data stored in volatile memory of a computing system during a standby mode. In one approach, a first signature is generated for data stored in volatile memory. In some cases, the stored data may include sensor data obtained from one or more sensors of a vehicle, mobile device or other electronic device. The first signature is stored in a non-volatile memory device, and then the computing system enters the standby mode. Subsequently, after exiting the standby mode, a second signature is generated for the data stored in the volatile memory. The first signature is read from the non-volatile memory device and compared to the second signature. A signature mismatch indicates that an unintended change has occurred in the stored data during the standby mode. One or more remedial actions are performed by the computing system in response to this signature mismatch.

Abstract: Techniques for supporting invocations of the RDTSC (Read Time-Stamp Counter) instruction, or equivalents thereof, by guest program code running within a virtual machine (VM), including guest program code running within a secure hardware enclave of the VM, are provided. In one set of embodiments, a hypervisor can activate time virtualization heuristics for the VM, where the time virtualization heuristics cause accelerated delivery of system clock timer interrupts to a guest operating system (OS) of the VM. The hypervisor can further determine a scaling factor to be applied to timestamps generated by one or more physical CPUs, where the timestamps are generated in response to invocations of a CPU instruction made by guest program code running within the VM, and where the scaling factor is based on the activated time virtualization heuristics. The hypervisor can then program the scaling factor into the one or more physical CPUs.

Abstract: A controller of the data storage system may poll a non-volatile memory component to determine an operational status of the non-volatile memory component after a memory operation has been initiated in the non-volatile memory component. The controller may, in response to determining the operational status of the non-volatile memory component is busy, update a polling interval based on a polling factor. The controller may re-poll the non-volatile memory component to determine the operational status of the non-volatile memory component after expiration of the updated polling interval. The controller may repeat the updating of the polling interval and the re-polling of the non-volatile memory component until the operational status of the non-volatile memory component is determined to be ready or until a predetermined number of iterations of the updating and re-polling have been performed if, in response to the re-polling, the operational status is determined to be busy.

Abstract: The embodiments set forth techniques for performing incremental backups of a source file system volume (FSV) managed by a source computing device. According to some embodiments, the source computing device can be configured to generate a current snapshot of the source FSV, where the current snapshot complements a previous snapshot of the source FSV (e.g., established during a previous backup). In some cases, to free up storage space, the data for files belonging to the source FSV can be stripped from the previous snapshot (where metadata for the files remains intact). Next, the source computing device can generate, within a destination storage device, a second snapshot of a destination FSV (that corresponds to the source FSV). In turn, the source computing device identifies changes made to the source FSV based on the current snapshot and the previous snapshot, and reflects the changes within the second snapshot of the destination FSV.

Abstract: Mitigating the effects of a real node failure in a doubly mapped redundant array of independent nodes, e.g., doubly mapped cluster is disclosed. In response to a change in an accessibility to data stored on an extent of a real storage device of a real node of a real cluster, wherein the extent of the real storage device corresponds to a portion of a mapped storage device of a mapped node of a doubly mapped cluster, substituting a reserved extent of a real storage device for the extent of the real storage device. The substituting the reserved extent of the real storage device can correspond to a change in a topology of the doubly mapped cluster, wherein the change in the topology comprises replacing the portion of the mapped storage device with a substitute portion of a mapped storage device that corresponds to the replacement extent of the real storage device.

Abstract: Resource migration negotiation is disclosed. A request is received, from a remote physical node in a plurality of physical nodes, for a resource. An operating system is run collectively across the plurality of physical nodes. The request includes information pertaining to a guest thread running on the remote physical node. Based at least in part on at least some of the information included in the request, it is determined whether to send the requested resource or reject the request. A response is provided based at least in part on the determination.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for associating a plurality of logical rules with groupings of data are disclosed. The systems and methods may involve at least one processor configured to: maintain a table containing columns; access a data structure containing the plurality of logical rules; access a correlation index identifying a plurality of column types and a subset of the plurality of logical rules; receive a selection of a new column to be added to the table; perform a look up in the correlation index for logical rules typically associated with a type of the new column; present a pick list of the logical rules typically associated with the type of the new column; receive a selection from the pick list; link to the new column a second particular logical rule associated with the selection from the pick list; and implement the second particular logical rule.

Abstract: An interface for requesting, and technique for generation of, a backup of a past state of a database table are provided. Changes made to a database table are accumulated, in durable storage, and snapshots of partitions of the table are obtained. The accumulated changes and the successive partition snapshots are used to generate a past state of the database at any point in time across a continuum between successive snapshots. Although each partition of the table may have a snapshot that was generated at a time different from when other partition snapshots were generated, changes from respective change logs may be selectively log-applied to distinct partitions of a table to generate backup in the past of the entire table at common point-in-time across partitions.

Abstract: The computer processor identifies a first shared set of input ports that are common to a first hardware model and a second hardware model and a second shared set of input ports that are common to a first reference model and a second reference model. The computer processor selects logic of the first hardware model and logic of the second hardware model that are each traceable to the first shared set of input ports and selects logic of the first reference model and logic of the second reference model that are each traceable to the second shared set of input ports. The computer processor determines that the logic of the second hardware model and the logic of the second reference model have verified logic by determining that the logic of the first hardware model is equivalent to the logic of the second hardware model and the logic of the first reference model is equivalent to the logic of the second reference model.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media are described for processing data change request. In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-implemented method receives one or more requests in a software production environment for one or more data changes to data from a requestor. The method executes the request(s) in a rollback mode. The method generates a snapshot of the executed request(s). The method also transmits the snapshot to an approver. In response to an approval of the snapshot from the approver, the method also executes the request(s) in a commit mode.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to: perform switching to a transmission device in a standby status of transmission devices in a redundant configuration when a transmission device under operation configuration fails; store, as normal coupling information, coupling information at a time when a network system, constituted by the information processing apparatus and the transmission devices, is normal, the coupling information being information on a transmission device port to which a communication control device is coupled; when the transmission device to which the communication control device is coupled is repaired or replaced, determine whether the coupling information transmitted from the transmission device after the repair or replacement matches with the normal coupling information; and control communications between the communication control device and the transmission device port to which the communication control device is coupl

Abstract: A system and method for ensuring reliable network communication for a multi-node server is disclosed. The multi-node server includes a first node having a port operable to transmit data packets. A first internal switch has a downstream port coupled to the port of the first node, an interconnection port, and uplink ports coupled to the network. The uplink ports routes data packets from the first node to the network. A second internal switch has a downstream port, an interconnection port coupled to the interconnection port of the first internal switch, and an uplink port coupled to the network. On failure of network communication at the uplink ports of the first internal switch, data packets from the first node are routed through the interconnection ports and through the uplink port of the second internal switch to the network.

Abstract: A versioned records management computing system that uses a restart era in order to promote rapid recovery. A persistent store includes a multi-versioned record collection. The records are also associated with a restart era that corresponds to the era of operation of the computing system after a restart. Upon a recovery, the current restart era changes. An object collection media has an object collection that conforms to an object model such that the object model is used to operate upon the records. The object collection media is operable such that the object collection is durable so as to survive restarts of the system to thereby allow for accelerated recovery.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for selecting a sample set of pages for assessing the accessibility of a websites. The sample set of pages are selected in such a way that a minimum set of pages can represent the whole websites as per the standard compliance. The system includes a crawler which scans the complete websites. Further an element identification module identifies a set of web elements present on the websites. The web elements and the webpages are then classified into a predefined categories. The system also provides a rule based engine to generate the sample set of pages based on a predefined rule. The generated sample set of pages are used to assess the accessibility of the websites.

Abstract: One embodiment facilitates data backup on at least one storage device. During operation, the system decodes, by a computing device, based on an error correction code, a first difference between a first and a second set of data to obtain a codeword, wherein the first set of data indicates a backup version and the second set of data indicates subsequent modifications to the first set of data. The system calculates a value based on a second difference between a first signature for the first set of data and a second signature for the second set of data. In response to determining that a decoding of the codeword based on a cyclic redundancy check matches the calculated value, the system stores the codeword on the at least one storage device.

Abstract: Techniques for network security are disclosed. In some implementations, an evaluation module determines whether a network communication from a computing device is allowable. The allowability of the communication is determined based on (1) whether the computing device is using an authorized source network address, and (2) whether a non-modifiable identifier of the computing device is authorized. The non-modifiable identifier is a fixed hardware identifier of the computing device, such as an identifier of a CPU, network interface card, storage device, or the like.

Abstract: A method and system for improving operation of a memory device is provided. The method includes detecting, via sensors, environmental factors affecting an operation of individual hardware storage devices within an array of hardware storage devices. The environmental factors are analyzed with respect to operational characteristics of the individual hardware storage devices and a resulting expected failure rate for the individual hardware storage devices is determined. Array parameters associated with a hardware configuration for the array of hardware storage devices with respect to each expected failure rate are determined and associated issues are detected. Reliability characteristics and associated risks of the array of hardware storage devices are determined and a functionality of the array of hardware storage devices is modified.

Abstract: Implementations are described of a computing device that migrates data and software applications from a first computing device to a second computing device, in order to preserve data and other application-related customizations.

Abstract: This invention is multiply-accumulate circuit supporting a load of the accumulator. During multiply-accumulate operation a partial product generator forms partial produces from the product inputs. An adder tree sums the partial product and the accumulator value. The sum is stored back in the accumulator overwriting the prior value. During load operation an input gate forces one of the product inputs to all 0's. Thus the partial product generator generates partial products corresponding to a zero product. The adder tree adds this zero product to the external load value. The sum, which corresponds to the external load value is stored back in the accumulator overwriting the prior value. A multiplexer at the side input of the adder tree selects the accumulator value for normal operation or the external load value for load operation.

Abstract: A display device includes a non-volatile memory device including a plurality of memory sets and a controller to store deterioration data of the pixels in each of the memory sets, to compensate input image data based on the deterioration data to generate output image data, and to provide output signals corresponding to the output image data to the scan driver and the data driver.

Abstract: A testing method used to check if an application executed in an operating system is crashed. The operating system is provided with a first value corresponding to the application, and the first value is stored in a storage unit. The testing method includes the following steps: send a message in a predetermined time period to the application to request a feedback from the application, and adjust the first value stored in the storage unit to another value by proceeding a predetermined algorithm; reboot the operating system if the said another value is equal to a second value; reset the said another value stored in the storage unit to the first value if the application gives the feedback.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes a first network, a second network, and a core network connecting the first network to the second network. The first network includes a first set of two or more network devices, wherein the first network has a first spanning tree associated therewith. Similarly, the second network includes a second set of two or more network devices, wherein the second network has a second spanning tree associated therewith, wherein the second spanning tree is separate from the first spanning tree.

Abstract: A storage device includes a controller device and a memory device. The controller device transmits communication information to which route information is added, the route information indicating a route to a destination of the communication information and including an address of a relay point that the communication information passes through before reaching the destination of the communication information. The memory device receives the communication information, and to transmit the communication information to a next relay point, when the destination of the communication information is not the local memory device, by using the address of the relay point included in the route information of the communication information.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for classifying system library errors detected by a dynamic analysis tool executing in a first client of a plurality of clients. The dynamic analysis tool monitors an execution of an application. The dynamic analysis tool identifies one or more errors that are related to at least one of a plurality of system libraries called by the application during the execution. For each identified error, the dynamic analysis tool evaluates the error relative to error data observed in a dynamic analysis tool executing in the other clients, and flagging the error as an error that is not caused by a user based on the evaluation.

Abstract: A multi-core data processor includes multiple data processor cores and a circuit. The multiple data processor cores each include a power state controller having a first input for receiving an idle signal, a second input for receiving a release signal, a third input for receiving a control signal, and an output for providing a current power state. In response to the idle signal, the power state controller causes a corresponding data processor core to enter an idle state. In response to the release signal, the power state controller changes the current power state from the idle state to an active state in dependence on the control signal. The circuit is coupled to each of the multiple data processor cores for providing the control signal in response to current power states in the multiple data processor cores.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing system comprising: an information processing device; and a terminal management device that manages the information processing device, wherein: the information processing device has: a transmission section that transmits notification data denoting at least an operating state to the terminal management device; and a switch section that switches a notification destination of the notification data transmitted from the transmission section, based on return information for the notification data; and the terminal management device has: a return section that sends back the return information in response to the notification data transmitted from the information processing device; and a notification destination information insertion section that inserts notification destination change information for changing the notification destination of the notification data into the return information sent back by the return section.

Abstract: A computing system a storage device and a file system. The storage device includes a storage area having flash memory. The file system is configured to divide the storage area into multiple zones, multiple sections and multiple blocks, and to write a log in each block. The file system includes a block allocation module. The block allocation module is configured to allocate a target block, in which a log is to be written, by a continuous block allocation method according to which a block having a continuous address with a most recently selected block is set as the target block. The block allocation module is further configured to find a free section from the multiple sections when it is not possible to allocate the target block by the continuous block allocation method, and to set a block in the found free section as the target block.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating dynamic signage using a painted surface display system is described. The method may include capturing image data with at least a camera of a painted surface display system. The method may also include analyzing the image data to determine a real-world context proximate to a painted surface, wherein the painted surface is painted with a photo-active paint. The method may also include determining electronic signage data based on the determined real-world context. The method may also include generating a sign image from the determined electronic signage data based on the determined real-world context, and driving a spatial electromagnetic modulator to emit electromagnetic stimulation in the form of the sign image to cause the photo active paint to display the sign image.

Abstract: Detecting crowds is provided. A location is selected in a set of locations a user of a client device wants to go to based on data within a profile associated with the user. A set of data inputs is monitored to determine a number of people currently at the selected location. Then, in response to determining that the number of people currently at the selected location is not greater than a user-defined threshold level of people for the selected location, a mapped route to the selected location is sent to the client device of the user.

Abstract: Provided are a computer program product, system, and method for recovering a volume table and data sets from a corrupted volume. Data corruption is detected in a volume having data sets. A volume table having information on the data sets allocated in the volume is diagnosed. A backup volume table comprising a most recent valid backup of the volume table is accessed from a backup of the volume in response to determining that the diagnosed volume table is not valid. Content from the backup volume table is processed to bring to a current state in a recovery volume table for a recovery volume. The data sets in the volume are processed to determine whether they are valid. The valid data sets are moved to the recovery volume. A data recovery operation is initiated for the data sets determined not to be valid.

Abstract: A method or apparatus detects a memory corruption of at least one portion of memory during run-time and corrects the memory corruption of the at least one portion of memory by replacing the at least one portion of memory with a backup of the at least one portion of memory. In this way, memory corruption can be corrected in a timely fashion while minimizing security risks.

Abstract: A multi-core processor includes a monitored processor core whose process result is to be monitored; a monitoring processor core group including two or more monitoring processors which can perform a process for monitoring the monitored processor core; an evaluating part configured to evaluate a processing load of the monitoring processor core group; and a controlling part configured to make the monitoring processor core group perform the process for monitoring the monitored processor core in a distributed manner if the processing load of the monitoring processor core group evaluated by the evaluating part is low, and make the monitoring processor of the monitoring processor core group perform the process for monitoring the monitored processor core if the processing load of the monitoring processor core group evaluated by the evaluating part is high, the monitoring processor performing a process whose priority is relatively low.