Abstract: A processing method for a metal plate includes a curve surface forming recess forming step, a protruding step, and a shaping and dividing step. In the curve surface forming recess forming step, a recess is formed in the metal plate, the recess having an outer periphery forming a curve surface, a side portion formed in a frustum, and a bottom portion being round. In the protruding step, a portion of the recess from the bottom portion to the side portion is protruded toward an inside of the recess, and the side portion of the recess is formed to be close to a center of the recess. In the shaping and dividing step, the protruded portion and the outer periphery of the recess are shaped so that the recess is divided into a group of the plural recess portions adjacent to each other.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a polymeric ammunition cartridge and methods of making and using the same. The cartridge includes a substantially cylindrical insert connected to a substantially cylindrical polymeric middle body. The substantially cylindrical insert includes a top surface opposite a bottom surface and a substantially cylindrical coupling element that extends from the bottom surface, a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface, a primer flash hole positioned in the primer recess to extend through the bottom surface, and a flange that extends circumferentially about an outer edge of the top surface.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a polymeric ammunition cartridge and methods of making and using the same. The cartridge includes a substantially cylindrical insert connected to a substantially cylindrical polymeric middle body. The substantially cylindrical insert includes a top surface opposite a bottom surface and a substantially cylindrical coupling element that extends from the bottom surface, a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface, a primer flash hole positioned in the primer recess to extend through the bottom surface, and a flange that extends circumferentially about an outer edge of the top surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a small thin-walled tube for a medical application or for a medical product, in particular for a stent, wherein a blank of an in particular bioresorbable magnesium alloy is deformed to produce a small tube, after which the small tube is used for medical purposes or from which the medical product, such as a stent, can be made.

Abstract: The invention relates to extrusion and pipe presses (1), comprising a press frame consisting of a cylindrical spar (2) and a counter spar (4) connected thereto, in which a mobile billet container holder (7) supporting a billet container (8), which puts a billet (18) to be pressed, which was introduced by a loading device, into a press position in front of the counter spar (4) with the associated tool (38), and a mobile punch crosshead (6) are provided. In the cylindrical spar (2), a main cylinder, or press cylinder, is arranged, which in the cylinder housing (9) thereof receives a press piston (11), which at the front end thereof that is supported by the punch crosshead (6) is connected to a press punch (19). A compensation tank (15), which delivers hydraulic oil to the press piston (11) by way of a slider plate (28), is assigned to a main cylinder housing (9) connected to a tank line.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-strength aluminum alloy extruded product exhibiting excellent corrosion resistance and secondary workability and suitably used as a structural material for transportation equipment such as automobiles, railroad vehicles, and aircrafts, and a method of manufacturing the same. The aluminum alloy extruded product has a composition containing 0.6 to 1.2% of Si, 0.8 to 1.3% of Mg, and 1.3 to 2.1% of Cu while satisfying the following conditional expressions (1), (2), (3) and (4), 3%?Si %+Mg %+Cu %?4% ??(1) Mg %?1.7×Si % ??(2) Mg %+Si %?2.7% ??(3) Cu %/2?Mg %?(Cu %/2)+0.6% ??(4) and further containing 0.04 to 0.35% of Cr, and 0.05% or less of Mn as an impurity, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities. The cross section of the extruded product has a recrystallized structure with an average grain size of 500 ?m or less.

Abstract: Apparatus for and method of extruding a metal pipe having a uniform inner diameter, and forward and rearward end sections which are thicker than the middle section of the pipe. A metal billet having a bore is inserted into an open ended cylindrical bore of a stationary container. The billet is moved axially within the bore of the container by a press which includes a pressing surface and a mandrel extending forwardly from the pressing surface through the bore of toward the billet. The mandrel has a cylindrical large diameter rearward portion, a cylindrical small diameter middle portion and a forwardly and outwardly tapering forward portion. Metal from the billet is forced through the small diameter bore of a two part removable first die around the middle portion of the mandrel by moving the press forwardly for a first distance to form a preliminary forward end section of pipe.

Abstract: A process for cold forming tubular axles comprises placing a tubular blank within an open ended die having a constricted die throat, and pushing the blank through the die throat with a punch. The punch is provided with a portion that presses the blank axially through the die throat. In addition, the punch has at least one extension which is closely fitted within the blank so that as the punch pushes a portion of the tube axially through the die throat, the extension is arranged within the die throat to form an annular space between the extension and the die throat. The punch extension is substantially elliptical in cross-section while the die throat is substantially circular in cross-section. Thus, the portion of the blank extruded through the space is formed with a substantially circular exterior wall and a substantially elliptical interior wall which provides diametrically opposing thicker wall sections and diametrically opposing thinner wall sections that are 90.degree.

Abstract: An elongated, rod-like rack for use in an automotive-type steering gear assembly and like mechanisms, is formed of an elongated extruded tube divided lengthwise into a substantially solid rack portion and a substantially hollow, link portion. Transversely extending teeth are broached on the rack portion for engagement with a drive pinion and the like for transmitting power through the rack. The rack is formed by positioning a tubular blank within an open ended extrusion die having an extrusion throat and partially pushing the tubular blank through the throat for extruding the material longitudinally and collapsing radially inwardly top form a substantially solid, elongated rack portion. Then, extrusion is continued with a punch having a mandrel arranged within the blank and within the die throat for extruding a thin wall length, forming the hollow, integral link part of the rack. The trailing end may be terminated in an inwardly extending, thick wall portion suitable for forming threads thereon.

Abstract: A metal tube, such as a valve body sleeve, is cold extruded to form full length and partial length longitudinal channels in its interior wall surface. The channeled tube is formed by extruding a metal, tubular blank, through an open ended die having an extrusion die throat at one end. A punch is inserted in the die and bears against an end of the blank for pushing the blank longitudinally through the die throat. The punch has an extension, having a leading edge section and a trailing edge section that pass through the blank. Longitudinally extending teeth are formed on the two sections, with some of the teeth being continuously longitudinally aligned and others being located only on the trailing section. Initially, the leading section is arranged within the die throat and the leading end portion of the blank is extruded through the die throat, around the extension leading section to form channels therein.

Abstract: A staged tool for boring a hole in a heated element of a material such as metal. The tool is adaptable to being axially forced and operation of the tool causes plastic deformation of the bored material. The tool successively includes, beginning at its front end, a front cylindrical or conical end portion having a first relatively small diameter, a neck followed by a working portion of evolving revolution having a right cross-section which increases in the direction of advancement of the tool, whose major base has a second diameter greater than the first diameter. To improve lubrication during boring, positioned on the neck at the rear of the front end portion is a mass of solid lubricant having a fusion point less than the temperature of the element during the piercing operation. The solid lubricant melts when the tool penetrates into the heated element and the contact surface between the element and the working element is constantly lubricated by a melted lubricating film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite spark plug center electrode having a sparking tip composed of a precious or semi-precious metal and a method for producing same is disclosed. A right circular cylindrical billet of a corrosion-resistant material is initially formed into a cylindrical cup having an opened end and a closed end. A small conical recess may be formed in the center of the exterior of the closed end during the formation. A hole is next formed in the closed end of the cup. A right circular cylindrical billet of a high thermal conductivity material is next inserted within the opened end of the cup and pressed to fit tightly against the sidewall and bottom of the cup cavity to form a composite billet. An insert formed of a precious or semi-precious metal is then inserted within the hole and pressed to fit tightly therein. The opened end of the cup is formed inwardly to partially encase the billet therein.

Abstract: Seamless well drill tubes are formed by extruding seamed tube blanks through a die throat by pushing the tube blank through the die throat with a pusher rod having a portion located internally of the tube and die throat. The pusher rod has a narrow lead portion so that as the lead end of the tube length is forced through the die throat, its material flows inwardly to form an inwardly thickened annulus and therefore, the remainder of the pusher rod is located within the die throat and blank so that the blank material flows into the desired wall thickness. Before the tube is completely pushed through the die throat, the pusher rod is removed and the second tube blank is inserted in end to end contact with the trailing end of the first blank.

Abstract: A process for cold forming integral spindle-axle tubes includes placing a tubular blank within an open ended die having an extrusion die throat, and pushing the blank through the die throat with a punch. The punch is formed with a ram portion that applies pressure to the blank for moving it axially through the throat. The punch also has an extension closely fitted within the blank so that as the punch pushes the tube axially, the blank is extruded between the die throat and the extension to form a thin wall tube. After the blank is partially extruded, the punch is removed and a second blank is inserted. This second blank is then located between the punch ram portion and the trailing end of the first blank so that further movement of the punch causes the second blank to push the first blank through the die throat.

Abstract: A process for cold forming semi-float axle tubes and similar types of metal tubes which includes arranging a short, tubular blank within an open ended die having an extrusion die throat, and pushing the blank through the die throat with a punch. The punch is provided with a ram portion, for applying pressure to the blank for moving it axially, and also an extension formed in several sections of successively smaller diameter which act as mandrels for sizing the tube interior walls. As the punch pushes the tube axially through the throat, initially a middle size extension is arranged within the throat to extrude a thickened leading edge portion on the blank. Further movement of the die results in a larger extension section traveling through the throat for extruding a thin wall tubular section of considerable length, leaving a small unextruded portion of the blank still within the die. At that point, the punch is removed and a second blank is inserted within the die.

Abstract: A process for cold extrusion forming a metal tube with thickened end portions, including positioning a short, tubular blank in a die having an extrusion die throat, and pushing the blank through the die throat with a punch. The punch is formed with co-axial extension portions of successively smaller diameter. Thus, the first extension portion is closely fitted within the blank, while the second extension portion is aligned within the die throat as the punch end pushes the blank towards and through the die throat to thereby form the tube lead end thickened end portion. Further pushing of the blank by the punch takes place while the first extension is aligned with the die throat to thereby extrude the relatively thin wall middle portion of the tube. Next, the punch is removed, and a second blank is inserted within the die against the trailing end of the first blank.

Abstract: A method for cold forming metal tubes with inwardly thickened wall sections including positioning a short, tubular blank in a die having an extrusion die throat, and pushing the blank through the die throat with a punch. The punch is formed with a co-axial mandrel-like extension which fits within the blank and die throat. The extension is formed of co-axial sections of successively smaller diameter. Thus, as the punch pushes the end of the blank to move the blank through the die throat, a narrower diameter extension section fits within the die throat to extrude a thickened end portion. Thereafter, continued punch movement positions a wider mandrel forming extension section within the die throat to extrude a thin wall tube section.

Abstract: A process for the extrusion of tubes or similar hollow sections from a billet is disclosed within the billet is forced against a hollow extrusion die surrounding a mandrel and a mandrel support. A core passing through the extrusion billet moves in the direction of extrusion with the billet and is led through the mandrel into the space inside the resultant hollow section. The process of the present invention relieves the die of the high stresses which can otherwise lead to early failure of the die.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for use in converting readily- available steel tubing blanks into components having enhanced mechanical properties suitable for use in pressure vessels and the like, and more particularly the invention provides further apparatus and a method to convert such components into pressure vessel bodies.