Abstract: A spinning forming device includes: a rotating shaft that rotates a plate to be formed; a processing tool that presses a front surface of the plate while being moved outward in a radial direction of the rotating shaft; and a heater that is moved so as to be located on the same circumference as the processing tool and locally heats the plate by induction heating. The spinning forming device further includes a cooling device that cools the front surface of the plate.

Abstract: A hemming device (2) and a hemming method are provided in which the hemming device (2) has a hemming bed (14) for a workpiece (3) and multiple hemming robots (8, 9) with hemming tools (20). The hemming device (2) is designed to hem inner and outer lock seams (5, 6) on both sides of the workpiece (3). The hemming robots (8, 9) lie on different sides of the hemming bed (14), and the hemming bed (14) is further designed and arranged for accessing inner and outer lock seams (5, 6) on both sides of the workpiece (3) from front and rear sides (15, 16). For this purpose, the hemming bed can have a section (19) for a rearward access to an inner lock seam (5) and a bedding for inner and outer lock seams (5, 6).

Abstract: A universal bellhousing which may be adapted to a variety of automotive engine and transmission combinations and method of making the same is disclosed. The bellhousing is made by spin forming a sheet of steel and welding a transmission plate onto the cone. The cone and transmission plate are indexed to mount to a specified engine-transmission combination.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous or instrumented indentation device for a material. The indentation device includes an indenter, a bearing means for the material to be indented, a means for moving the indenter and/or the bearing means for contacting the indenter with the material to be indented, and for pressing the indenter into the material, and a means for measuring the force and movement of the indenter when the indenter is pressed into the material. The bearing means includes a convex surface for receiving the material to be indented and is oriented towards the indenter so that the material is capable of bearing on the convex surface. The indenter may comprise a one-piece structure. The means for measuring the movement of the indenter when the indenter is pressed into the material includes at least three movement sensors angularly arranged at an equal distance about the indenter.

Abstract: A method manufacturing of a fluid dynamic bearing includes: forming a substantially linear groove having a length corresponding to a circumferential direction width of the dynamic pressure groove formed on the inner circumferential surface of a shaft housing hole portion, along the circumferential direction of a surface orthogonal to a first processing direction along the central axis direction of a work, by a byte that performs a micro alternating drive in a second processing direction orthogonal to the first processing direction; and extending the dynamic pressure groove that extends in the first processing direction by continuously forming the substantially linear grooves in the first processing direction by displacing the relative positions of the work and the byte in the first processing direction.

Abstract: A method of forming a housing which includes roll forming a steel tube radially inwardly with a plurality of rollers each having a rolling axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube, the rollers compressing the tube and forming reduced diameter portions and enlarged diameter portions. The method then includes cutting the tube perpendicular to the longitudinal axis generally midway through an enlarged diameter portion and a reduced diameter portion, forming a plurality of minor image preforms. Finally, the method includes cold working the preforms into the desired shape of the housing and increasing the strength of the steel at least 15% and forming a housing member having enlarged diameter open end and a reduced diameter open end.

Abstract: A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a server having a controller to wirelessly download media content to a media device of a vehicle from a point in the media content where a gateway previously stopped downloading the media content to the vehicle media device, where the server is in a reconfigurable master-slave relationship with the gateway, where the server and the gateway are remote from each other and remote from the vehicle, and where the gateway is associated with the vehicle. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a group III nitride crystal growth method capable of obtaining a material which is a GaN substrate of low defect density capable of being used as a power semiconductor substrate and in which characteristics of n-type and p-type requested for formation of transistor or the like. A growth method of group III nitride crystals includes: forming a mixed melt containing at least group III element and a flux formed of at least one selected from the group consisting of-alkaline metal and alkaline earth metal, in a reaction vessel; and growing group III nitride crystals from the mixed melt and a substance containing at least nitrogen, wherein after immersing a plurality of seed crystal substrates placed in an upper part of the reaction vessel in which the mixed melt is formed, into the mixed melt to cause crystal growth, the plurality of seed crystal substrates are pulled up above the mixed melt.

Abstract: A rolling mill system associates an autonomous control unit with each piece of equipment in the rolling mill system. The autonomous control unit has a model of the particular piece of equipment, for example, of the rolling mill, a reheat furnace or a cooling bath, and data indicating constraints on the operation of the equipment. A metal shape to be produced is described as a set of machine independent steps, and the performance of these steps is bid upon by the autonomous control units according to the constraint models and internal goals. Bids having conflicting requirements may generate counterbids until a complete plan for the production of the product is generated.

Abstract: An apparatus for working a workpiece comprises a drive unit for rotating a forming tool about an axis of rotation, a forming roller for working said workpiece, means for moving the forming roller in an x-direction and a y-direction with respect to said drive means, and a control unit comprising a memory for one or more control programs. In this embodiment the axis of rotation of the drive unit coincides with the x-direction. The axis of rotation extends at least substantially in vertical direction. The drive unit and the forming tool can be moved in the x-direction by the moving means.

Abstract: An apparatus for machining a workpiece comprises means for clamping the workpiece, means for rotatingly driving the clamped workpiece, a tool for machining the workpiece, the tool having a part for engaging the workpiece, a tool holder, means for moving the tool holder with respect to the clamping means and a control unit with a memory for one or more control programs. The control unit is arranged to control the moving means according to a control program by means of measuring means providing the x,y-positions of the tool holder in such a manner that the tool follows a desired path along the clamping means for machining the workpiece. The apparatus comprises a measuring device located at a predetermined reference position with respect to the moving means.

Abstract: The stretch leveling or stretch-bend leveling of aluminum or stainless steel strip of a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm is carried out following a measurement of strip nonplanarity or strip profile by regulating the stretch in the stretch leveler or the contour of a roller thereof or both and/or by regulating the depth of penetration or degree of bending by the stretch-bend rollers. The tension in the strip just before coiling is varied in response to measurement of the thickness of the strip across the width, thereby optimizing the leveling and surface qualities of the strip.

Abstract: Apparatus for and method of automatically applying a lubricant to a gravure cylinder set in an gravure engraving machine. With a rotational drive mechanism of the gravure engraving machine biased to cause the gravure cylinder to be under rotation, a lubricant is discharged to and spread on the surface of the gravure cylinder. The lubricant application apparatus is moved axially of the gravure cylinder. Accordingly, the surface of the gravure cylinder is scanned such that the lubricant is applied onto the whole surface of the gravure cylinder. To move the lubricant application apparatus, an engraving head moving mechanism of the gravure engraving machine can be utilized.

Abstract: An apparatus for operating a multiple-stand mill train is described which significantly reduces the expense and time for designing, testing and the start-up, including the optimization phase, and for restarting the roll operation of the mill train and which makes it possible to safely train the operators during operation and to extend the functionality of the mill train without creating damage. For this purpose, the entire mill train is simulated by a single physical simulation model (2) in a structured approach based on the technological interrelationship between the individual stands. The simulation model (2) is connected to a central control apparatus (1), wherein the apparatus alone provides the entire control of the mill train and optionally controls individual functions within each of the stands or of individual stands either via actuating members of the mill train or in corresponding units of the simulator model (2).

Abstract: To spin a metal sheet around a chuck for forming a product, in a teaching phase involving force control, a product is formed on the chuck by rotating the chuck about the axis of rotation and by moving a forming roller one or several times alongside the chuck with a pre-determined pressure force thereby spinning the intermediate metal sheet. In the teaching phase, measuring data corresponding to the movement of the forming roller during spinning is fixed in a memory of a control unit, and in the production phase the forming roller is controlled with the aid of these measuring data. The control unit determines the position values of the forming roller in axial direction and in transverse direction relative to the chuck from the data fixed in the teaching phase, and the control unit controls the forming roller in the production phase at least during a part of the spinning movement by means of the position values determined in this manner for spinning the metal sheet into the desired product.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for spinning a product, wherein a metal plate which may be preshaped or not, is deformed on a rotating chuck by a forming roller into a hollow product with a wall thickness. The shape of the chuck is determined and is stored in a memory of a control unit as a series of successive points. The control unit moves the forming roller according to a path corresponding with the shape of the chuck. This path is determined by the stored shape of the chuck with a desired wall thickness of the product added thereto. The metal plate is deformed by moving the forming roller according to the thus determined path. In each point of the stored shape of the chuck, the control unit determines a tangent line of the chuck shape at the location of this point and adds the desired wall thickness to the chuck shape at the location of this point according to a line perpendicular to the tangent line to calculate the path of the forming roller.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for cold-forming a sheet blank (2') made of a material with an exponential stress-strain behavior to become a thin-walled, hollow shell (2). The sheet blank (2') is clamped in a clamping means (3) with its circumference and rotatingly rotated around its center line (6). The shaping takes place by a first and a second path-controlled press roll (16, 17) engaging at opposite sides of the sheet blank (2') only by local pressure forces, wherein the relative speed between the workpiece (2', 2) and the press rolls and the force exerted by the press rolls to the workpiece are modulated in a manner that the tensile forces applied to the workpiece are below the yield point of the material.

Abstract: Synthetic rutile is prepared from titaniferous slags containing alkaline-earth metal impurities, such as magnesium oxide, by a method comprising contacting the slag with chlorine at a temperature of at least about 800.degree. C., and then leaching the chlorine-treated slag with hydrochloric acid at a temperature of at least about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for controlling the revolutions of the spinning roller (29) of a spinning lathe (10). The coordinate driving units (52,53), which are designed as valve controlled (49,51) hydrocylinders (42,47), are operated according to a playback process according to which the coordinate driving units (52,53) are operated according to a follow-up process in which position set values are electrically preregulated and mechanical real values are fed back. The slowing down path .DELTA.S (lag error) is continuously measured at least during the last revolution of the spinning roller (29), so that when a threshold value .DELTA.Smax is exceeded, the tracking speed V.sub.B is reduced and/or a transitioning to an intermediate routing curve occurs. A spinning lathe for carrying out the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A spinning machine has a mold fixedly mounted on a spindle and a forming roller adapted to move in a predetermined manner so as to be pressed against the material to be formed mounted on the spinning mold. By moving the forming roller in a controlled manner, the material can be formed into a desired shape. The forming roller is mounted on a roller carriage reciprocable in one direction which is in turn supported by a transverse feed carriage reciprocable in a direction normal to the one direction. The carriages are driven by hydraulic cylinders. Two servo motors are provided to separately drive two rack gears in the above two normal directions. Two servo valves are provided, each adapted to move the respective hydraulic cylinders so that the carriages will move in synchronism with the respective rack gears. By manipulating a handle in a teaching unit, the servo motors and eventually the forming roller can be controlled in a desired manner.

Abstract: A working apparatus for working a crankshaft having a journal portion and a crank pin includes first and second follow-up mechanisms. The first follow-up mechanism has first and second support members for rotatably clamping the journal portions therebetween. The second support member is moved in relation to the first support member by a first actuator. The second follow-up mechanism has third and fourth support members for rotatably clamping the crank pin therebetween. The fourth support member is moved in relation to the third support member by a second actuator. A first fillet roller is provided at the first support member and pressed against the journal portion, to roll thereon, and a second fillet roller is provided at the third support member and pressed against the crank pin, to roll thereon.

Abstract: The milling of work pieces having at least one bore in the surface to be milled by roller action, is performed by controlling the size of the force applied to the work piece surface in accordance with the rotation of the work piece and in accordance with the location of the bore. The control is such that the rolling force or pressure applied when the roller contacts the bore is smaller than the rolling force or pressure when the roller contacts the work piece surface outside the bore. The rolling force may even be applied in a pulsating manner in the zone of a bore. A minimum of the applied rolling force is reached at the latest when the roller passes over the bore diameter. In this manner undesirable deformations of the work piece surface, especially in a ring zone around the bore, are avoided.

Abstract: Method of deep-rolling of crankshaft pins by applying different rolling forces over a rotational angle (phi) of 360.degree., such as to produce in each angular position a constant enlargement of the angle (alpha) subtended by the mirror faces i.e. the faces connected with the respective transition radii to provide, at least, in the angular region most subject to damage the desired fatigue strength increase.

Abstract: A fillet rolling machine having a frame, on which a work spindle with a chuck is carried for rotation about a horizontal axis. A tailstock is mounted on the frame for supporting one end of a crankshaft to be processed while the same is grasped and rotated by the chuck. A head support is movable on the top of the frame in a direction parallel to the axis of the work spindle and carries first to third support shafts in parallel relation with the axis of the work spindle. The first and second support shafts, disposed in parallel with each other, respectively carry first and second rolling heads which respectively effect rolling treatments on fillets formed at one of journals and one of crankpins adjacent thereto of the crankshaft. The third support shafts, disposed co-axially with the first support shaft, carries a third rolling head which effects a rolling treatment on a fillet formed at a front journal of the crankshaft.

Abstract: A crankshaft rolling machine includes a pair of model crankshafts mounted for synchronous rotation. One or more crankshaft rolling units are coupled to the model crankshafts in a manner enabling adjustment of the units along a linear path to adapt the device to the stroke length of a crankshaft to be rolled. The apparatus may be rapidly changed for rolling of crankshafts having different stroke lengths by linearly sliding the individual rolling units relative to the model cranks and thereafter locking the individual rolling units to the model cranks at positions corresponding with the stroke length of the crankshaft to be rolled.

Abstract: An approximately shaped or formed gear is fabricated in any desired way and is then corrected by means of substantially ring-shaped rolls or rolling tools performing striking or hammering operations in the tooth gaps of such gear. The rolls rotate in a planetary fashion in revolving rolling or roller heads. Such rolling heads are advanced to a maximum radial penetration depth of the rolls which is governed by a stop and are then retracted, if necessary. The advance or feed is preferably performed by a hydraulic drive, the pressure of which is regulated electro-hydraulically by means of a template or the like. The hydraulic drive acts against the action of a spring. The approximately formed teeth, which are thus rolled in an overlapping manner, are produced by the addition of material per tooth flank. Preferably, such material addition amounts to at least twice or three-fold the summation pitch error according to DIN 3960 to 3962 (German Industrial Standard 3960 to 3962).

Abstract: A burnishing attachment includes a carriage mounted for traversing movement in a path that extends along the workpiece. A non-rotary burnishing tool is mounted on said carriage for movement perpendicular to the carriage path. The tool is urged toward the rotating workpiece with a force that is a preset function of the position of the tool along the workpiece whereby the burnishing force adjusts to the appropriate amount. The tool is pivoted so that its surface maintains a normal relationship to the workpiece notwithstanding a change in angularity of the workpiece surface and the tool mounting.

Abstract: A method of producing a hermetically sealed, preferably sphere-shaped end in a tubular workpiece, residing, according to the invention, in that an end of a tubular workpiece is heated to a forging temperature and is then reduced until a portion is obtained with a diameter equal to that of a sphere to be obtained. Afterwards, a semi-sphere is subjected to spinning applied to the end of said reduced portion until a hermetically sealed end is formed. This is followed by spinning of a necking portion until a sphere is obtained, the spinning of the constricted portion being carried out as starting from the conjugating line running between the semi-sphere obtained and the reduced portion along the sphere generatrix towards the main portion of the workpiece.

Abstract: A process for forming metal pipes to a desired shape comprising fitting a metal pipe onto a model having same profile as the one desired to form, fixing the pipe thereon, arranging a plurality of metal rollers at same distance and around the metal pipe in such a manner that these rollers are in contact with the pipe always keeping their centers on the circumference of a concentric circle irrespective of the change in their position during their forward and backward movement relative to the longitudinal center axis of the model and rotating the metal pipe integral with the model in the longitudinal direction while forcing the rollers to move forwards and backwards.

Abstract: Straightening apparatus with means for rotating an elongate work element and advancing the same along its longitudinal axis. A bending station is provided in the apparatus which bends the rotating work element when such is advanced therethrough. The bending station includes infeed and outfeed parts mounted for relative universal movement on a central confining member. A tapered work element is confined within a sheathing device to produce an assembly of uniform diameter for processing by the apparatus.