Abstract: Determination of the actual position of the rotation axis of a transportation mechanism relative to a reference axis, in particular relative to gravity, is performed with at least one inclination sensor mounted to the transportation mechanism having at least one measurement axis, and comprises the measurement of the inclination of at least the one inclination sensor along the at least one measurement axis in a first rotation position of the transportation mechanism, and the measurement of the inclination of the at least one inclination sensor along the at least one measurement axis in a second rotation position. The actual position of the rotation axis of the transportation mechanism may be determined from the measurement values of the inclination sensor and the angular separation between the rotation positions. The process is suitable in particular for a process to align the rotation axis of a transportation mechanism and for a process for replacing a transportation mechanism.

Abstract: A method is provided for calibrating a sensor pod of a wheel alignment system, the sensor pod including a housing rotatably mounted on a spindle, and an image sensor in the housing having a viewing axis oriented in a direction substantially normal to an axis of rotation of the spindle for imaging a target affixed to an object such as a vehicle wheel. An example of the method includes mounting the pod on a fixture via the pod spindle such that the pod spindle is stationary, and positioning a target to allow imaging of the target with the pod image sensor. The pod is rotated such that its image sensor obtains images of the target in at least two rotational positions, and the images of the target at the at least two rotational positions are processed to determine the location of the axis of rotation of the spindle relative to the image sensor.

Abstract: Nanometrology device standards and methods for fabricating and using such devices in conjunction with scanning probe microscopes are described. The fabrication methods comprise: (1) epitaxial growth that produces nanometer sized islands of known morphology, structural, morphological and chemical stability in typical nanometrology environments, and large height-to-width nano-island aspect ratios, and (2) marking suitable crystallographic directions on the device for alignment with a scanning direction.

Abstract: An environmental evaluation device and system enables determination of the ambit and orientation of an environment and the favorability of the environment for an individual according to principles of feng shui.

Abstract: An orientation sensing apparatus includes a rotatable first member, an orientation sensor device fixed with the first member for generating orientation data relating to an orientation sensor device orientation, and a rotation sensor device for generating rotation data relating to rotation of the first member. A method for determining an orientation includes assembling a set of sensor data including the orientation data and rotation data and processing the set of sensor data to generate a set of corrected orientation data. The set of corrected orientation data includes the orientation data which has been corrected using the rotation data to reduce the effects of rotation of the first member and misalignment of the gravity sensor device. One or more sets of corrected orientation data may be processed to determine an inclination orientation of the first member or a toolface orientation of a second member which is connected with the first member.

Abstract: A positioning and calibration system are provided for use in calibrating a single or multi axis sensitive instrument, such as an inclinometer. The positioning system includes a positioner that defines six planes of tangential contact. A mounting region within the six planes is adapted to have an inclinometer coupled thereto. The positioning system also includes means for defining first and second flat surfaces that are approximately perpendicular to one another with the first surface adapted to be oriented relative to a local or induced reference field of interest to the instrument being calibrated, such as a gravitational vector. The positioner is positioned such that one of its six planes tangentially rests on the first flat surface and another of its six planes tangentially contacts the second flat surface. A calibration system is formed when the positioning system is used with a data collector and processor.

Abstract: A scope may include an adjustment dial, which may be moved among a plurality of positions to configure the scope to compensate for projectile drops. The adjustment dial may be labeled with dial-calibration data, which may include one or more distance indicators and/or one or more windage hold-off indicators. The scope may be attached to a gun and the dial-calibration data may be at least partially generated using ballistics performance data based on shots fired by the gun. The dial-calibration data may be at least partially generated using shooting conditions. An electronic device may include a derived distance calculation module, which may be configured to use a distance to a target and actual shooting conditions to calculate a derived distance. The derived distance may be used in connection with an adjustment dial labeled with dial-calibration data at least partially generated using shooting conditions different from the actual shooting conditions.

Abstract: First, it is confirmed that the contactor 1a is not damaged. Next, an initial preset signal PR is supplied at the state in which the contactor 1a is contacted to the master work MW. For this reason, CPU stores the reference value in EEPROM. If the timing signal is supplied at the state in which the contactor 1a is contacted to the non-defective object W, the CPU obtains the measurement value and corrects the measurement value by the reference value. When the difference between the reference value obtained during the measurement of the actual object W and the previous reference value stored in EEPROM is more than a predetermined value, it is judged that the contactor 1a is damaged, and warning signal is output. As this warning signal, the judgment signal Hi and the judgment signal Lo become from a low level to a high level.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring arrangement comprising a sensor head (13) that can be displaced over a surface (11) at a distance therefrom in a scanning direction (R), a plurality of distance sensors which are suitable for distance measurement and are interspaced in the scanning direction in a fixed manner, a displacement device for displacing the sensor head (13) in such a way that points of the surface (11) are detected in successive scanning steps carried out by a plurality of distance sensors, and an evaluation device to which the output signals of the distance sensors are supplied. According to the invention, one such measuring arrangement is improved by an angle measuring device (14, 15) for determining an angle value of the sensor head (13) in relation to the scanning direction (R), and for forwarding said angle value to the evaluation device. In this way, systematic measuring errors can be eliminated for the reconstruction of a topography of the surface (11) in the scanning direction (R).

Abstract: A system and method for compensating a resolver are disclosed. Briefly described, one embodiment receives at least one output signal from the resolver, the resolver detecting a current position of a rotor coupled to the resolver; determines if the current position of the rotor is detected by a first pole-pair of the resolver or if the current position is detected by a second pole-pair of the resolver; in response to determining that the current position of the rotor is detected by the first pole-pair, synchronizes the output signal from the resolver with a first resolver angle error information; and in response to determining that the current position of the rotor is detected by the second pole-pair, synchronizes the output signal from the resolver with a second resolver angle error information.

Abstract: An electrical machine has a rotor position transducer which provides output signals to a control system. The output signals contain errors due to component shortcomings and manufacturing imperfections. An apparatus is disclosed which is able to determine the errors in the signals and provide compensations to the control system of the machine. The compensations may be stored in the control system and used to improve the accuracy of the transducer output signals, thus improving the output of the machine.

Abstract: A re-calibration method and device for a three-dimensional visual sensor of a robot system, whereby the work load required for re-calibration is mitigated. While the visual sensor is normal, the visual sensor and a measurement target are arranged in one or more relative positional relations by a robot, and the target is measured to acquire position/orientation information of a dot pattern etc. by using calibration parameters then held. During re-calibration, each relative positional relation is approximately reproduced, and the target is again measured to acquire feature amount information or position/orientation of the dot pattern etc. on the image. Based on the feature amount data and the position information, the parameters relating to calibration of the visual sensor are updated. At least one of the visual sensor and the target, which are brought into the relative positional relation, is mounted on the robot arm.

Abstract: An offset diagnosing and correcting section obtains an offset correction value from an angular rate value obtained from detection signals produced from a plurality of angular rate sensors and a detection signal produced from an angular rate sensor when an automotive vehicle is in a stopped condition. The offset diagnosing and correcting section performs an offset correction for the angular rate value with reference to this offset correction value. A sensor sensitivity diagnosing section detects a turning condition of the automotive vehicle based on detection signals of the plurality of angular rate sensors, and diagnoses the sensitivity of the plurality of angular rate sensors based on offset corrected angular rate values of these angular rate sensors when the automotive vehicle is in a turning condition.

Abstract: A software system and apparatus for the collection of various measurements of the human body representing deviations from an ideal posture in several planes of motion relative to the body. A specially designed apparatus enables the correct measurements, while the software component performs an analysis of the measurements and recommends an exercise routine based on the severity of the deviations with respect to the planes of motion. The routine can be adjusted based on the flexibility and motivation of the patient as well as on the type of symptoms being experienced by the person. Additionally, physiologic factors are taken into account, such as the person's age and weight. The exercise routine is provided via a computer display, via email or via a web page available on the Internet, utilizing textual descriptions and visual and audio aids to describe the exercises.

Abstract: In a circuit configuration for ascertaining tilt errors in connection with a position-measuring device, the position-measuring device includes at least one incremental track on a measuring graduation that is able to be read by a scanner, which is movable relative to the measuring graduation in a measuring direction, and the scanner is guided along the measuring graduation and the scanner is rotated with respect to the measuring graduation by an angle of misalignment that is changeable during the relative movement. Perpendicular to the measuring direction, the scanner has a first scanning region and a second scanning region, whereby upon reading the at least one incremental track, at least one first position signal is able to be generated by the first scanning region and at least one second position signal is able to be generated by the second scanning region.

Abstract: A sensor apparatus and method include a sensor configured on an integrated circuit, which includes a current limiting open collector output stage configured in association with the integrated circuit. The current limiting open collector output stage reduces a fall time and a di/dt associated with an output signal of the sensor and a ringing produced thereof in order to improve EMC and conducted emissions required of the sensor.

Abstract: A method for controlling an electronic compass includes receiving raw magnetic field data into a calibration module and determining a calibration output based upon the raw magnetic field data. The raw magnetic field data is also received into a compass heading module for determining compass heading outputs based upon the raw magnetic field data. The calibration module filters the raw magnetic field data and validates the calibration outputs independently from output data filtering and results validation in the compass heading module.

Abstract: An encoder device for the determination of absolute angle or linear segments is described, with which the distance from the actual to the reference position is determined upon prompting and output via incremental signals. This encoder offers new functions for the incremental measuring system employed up to now. The transition to the absolute measuring system is also made possible according to requirements.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for adjusting a position of an object to compensate for tilt includes providing a rotatable base supporting an object and directing the object relative to the base such that the position of the object is controlled relative to a first axis. The object is stabilized along a second axis. The object is positioned relative to the base using first and second bearing arms. The first and second bearing arms movably couple the object to the base at a first position relative to a third axis and a fourth axis. The first bearing arm couples to the object at a first pivot point. The second bearing arm coupled to the object at a second pivot point. Each bearing arm includes a first portion and a second portion, which are coincident with the third axis and fourth axis, respectively. The object is adjusted to a second position using the first and second bearing arms to maintain the first axis when a tilt angle of the base is detected.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for adjusting a position of an object to compensate for tilt includes providing a rotatable base supporting an object and directing the object relative to the base such that the position of the object is controlled relative to a first axis. The object is stabilized along a second axis. The object is positioned relative to the base using first and second bearing arms. The first and second bearing arms movably couple the object to the base at a first position relative to a third axis and a fourth axis. The first bearing arm couples to the object at a first pivot point. The second bearing arm coupled to the object at a second pivot point. Each bearing arm includes a first portion and a second portion, which are coincident with the third axis and fourth axis, respectively. The object is adjusted to a second position using the first and second bearing arms to maintain the first axis when a tilt angle of the base is detected.

Abstract: Each of a horizontal chart generating unit and a vertical chart generating unit generate eight charts #0 to #7, the bright/dark sections being placed sequentially in equal distances. Each pattern of each charts #0 to #7, is shifted little by little. Each chart #0 to #7 is sequentially projected on a screen, and each of the sensor controllers obtains an average phase difference, by obtaining the sensor data obtained by the result of measuring, from the distance-measuring sensors, and obtains the angle between an ideal screen that is vertical to a center line of distance-measuring sensors and the screen, by obtaining the distance to the two distance-measuring points on the screen, based on the obtained average phase difference. A projector control unit replaces the angles that each of the sensor controllers obtains, to inclination angles ?H and ?V of the screen, and supplies the angles to a trapezoidal correction unit.

Abstract: An inclination sensor is provided with a main body fixed to a vehicle, a pendulum supported by the main body so as to swing in response to an inclination of the vehicle, and a magnetic sensor that senses the inclination of the pendulum in order to detect as to whether or not the vehicle has been inclined. The pendulum is swingable around two axes as to both a width direction of the vehicle, and forward/backward directions thereof. A sensitivity of the pendulum as to the width direction is higher than a sensitivity thereof as to the forward/backward directions.

Abstract: In downhole drilling tools, a first set of inexpensive and/or relatively small sensors that typically have lower accuracy and higher drift than conventional downhole sensors are located in the drill string adjacent to the bit. A second set of highly accurate sensors is located in a more protected location higher in the drill string away from the drill bit. As drilling progresses these sensors pass through the same portion of the formation measured by the first set of sensors. Key properties are measured by the second set of sensors which allow a calibration offset to be applied the data measured by the first set of sensors.

Abstract: A measuring system for calibrating a machine in which a base (10) is attachable to a surface of the machine and a housing (20) is mountable on the base, wherein at least one surface of the base and at least one surface of the housing are each provided with a complementary part of a mounting device, such that when the two parts of the mounting device are connected together, the housing may be aligned in any of a plurality of predetermined directions. The base includes a lifting mechanism (64) which when lowered allows the complementary parts of the mounting device (93, 95) of the housing (20) and the base (10) to be in contact and when raised causes them to at least partly break contact with one another. The level of the base (10) may be adjusted using a system of balls and tapered rollers.

Abstract: A method for improving engine position sensing of an internal combustion engine is described. According to one aspect of the description, the determination of engine position may be improved by correcting rotational position of the internal combustion engine at a number of engine locations.

Abstract: An ECU converts a cylinder pressure P and a cylinder volume V corresponding to a crank angle ? at least from a compression stroke to a combustion and expansion stroke to a logarithmic value log P and a logarithmic value log V, respectively, to find a logarithmic conversion waveform and estimates a motoring waveform which is obtained by subtracting a pressure rise developed by combustion in a cylinder from the logarithmic conversion waveform, that is, corresponds to a non-combustion state. Further, the ECU computes a determination line Y of an ignition timing Tburn on the basis of the base line X of the estimated motoring waveform and determines the ignition timing Tburn on the basis of this determination line Y and the logarithmic conversion waveform.

Abstract: A disclosed jig, for use in certifying accuracy of a vehicle wheel aligner, includes two axles of equal length having stub shafts at the ends of the axles and two adjustable side spacers for releasable connection to the stub shafts. Plates for mounting heads of the aligner system also are attached to the stub shafts. Stands support the corners of the rectangular jig formed by the connected axles and spacers. The aligner system measures parameters of the jig from the attached heads. A diagonal spacer of a predetermined length, may be used in setting the diagonals of the rectangular jig during assembly to be equal. In the example disclosed, the apparatus also includes a distance setting shaft for use in setting lengths of each of the two side spacers to be equal.

Abstract: A standard medical or surgical tool's axis is located by attaching to the tool a plurality of a location indicating elements or markers having a known geometric or spatial relationship, and placing the tool in a tool calibrator that supports the tool in a manner that allows tools of different diameters to be rotated while maintaining the tool's axis in a fixed or stable orientation. As the tool is rotated, a marker locating system tracks the positions of the markers on the tool and then extrapolates or determines the axis of rotation with respect to the markers clamped to the tool. The tool calibrator has a second set of position indicating elements or markers with fixed geometric or spatial relationship with one another and with respect to a stop, against which the end or tip of the tool is placed.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibration of an industrial robot, the apparatus comprising a body (7) having a first angle-measuring member (10) arranged for measuring an angle relative to the vertical ine about a first measuring axis (12) and mouting means (8, 9, 25) for mounting the body to the robot during the calibration. The apparatus comprises a second angle-measuring member (11) arranged for measuring an angle relative to the vertical line about a second measuring axis (13) differing from the first measuring axis.

Abstract: It is customary to use signals from a motor vehicle central control in order to operate braking equipment for motor vehicles which automatically produces braking forces for states of standstill of a motor vehicle which are capable of holding a motor vehicle at a standstill. The signals which are provided by the central control are used to determine whether or not the motor vehicle is at a standstill. It is consequently also necessary to operate the central control during a state of standstill for the motor vehicle in order to produce the required braking forces. The braking equipment can no longer be operated as desired if the central control fails or malfunctions. These problems are solved by the invention, which provides standstill recognition for motor vehicles which enables braking equipment which automatically produces braking forces during standstill to be automatically controlled.

Abstract: A throttle position detecting apparatus has an interlocking member being rotatable in conjunction with a throttle grip attached to a tip of a handlebar of a vehicle; a detecting unit for detecting a rotation angle of the interlocking member; and a case integrally including a first accommodation and a second accommodation, the interlocking member being rotatably accommodated in the first accommodation and the detecting unit being accommodated in the second accommodation, wherein the throttle position detecting apparatus detects a throttle position on the basis of the rotation angle of the interlocking member detected by the detecting unit.

Abstract: In a structure for mounting a steering angle sensor for a steering wheel for detecting a steering angle of a steering wheel, a fitting recessed portion 6 is provided in a side surface of a column (4) to which a steering-signal transmitting unit (3), a turn signal lever (1), and a wiper control switch lever (2) are attached, and a steering angle sensor (5) is inserted and fitted into the fitting recessed portion (6) from the side surface of the column (4).

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for improving the accuracy of directional surveys using magnetometers and accelerometers. The method corrects errors in bias, scale-factor, misalignment of cross-axial magnetometers, and bias or scale-factor of axial magnetometer by requiring the magnitude of measured cross-axial magnetic field to be as constant as possible over several tool face angles at a survey point in a wellbore and the magnitude of the measured total magnetic field and dip angle equal to the reference values, respectively. The axial component of the measured magnetic field is also determined. The method also corrects accelerometers similarly. The calibration parameters obtained at one survey point are applied to measurements at other survey points to improve the accuracy of surveys and the efficiency of drilling operations.

Abstract: A sensor assembly is coupled with a control linkage and detects displacement of the control linkage and produces an output signal indicative of that displacement. The zero-point of the sensor assembly is not necessarily aligned with the zero-point of the control linkage when the two systems are coupled together. Instead, the control linkage is placed in its zero position and the sensor assembly determines its current positional reading at that time. This reading is stored as a zero-offset value which is then used, during normal operation of the sensor, to adjust the output signal of the sensor assembly when subsequent control linkage displacements are sensed.

Abstract: A present invention is for a device and method for measuring and calibrating the rotary motion of a rotatable machine member, such as a pivotable swivel member (2b) of a spindle (2) of a five-axis machine tool (1). The device includes an arm (110) mounted to the spindle, a housing (120) mounted to the arm, an optical encoder mounted internal to the arm and positioned therein to measure rotation about an axis extending lengthwise along the housing, which such axis is parallel to the axis about which the swivel member rotates. The device also includes a rotary table (170) mounted to the housing opposite the arm, the rotary table comprising a stator (171) fixedly mounted to the housing and a rotor (172) clampedly affixed to a shaft passing through the housing. The shaft is coupled to an input shaft of the encoder such that rotary movement of the rotor can be measured by the encoder. An electronic level (190) fixedly secured to the rotor, such as by a bracket (180).

Abstract: The device for measuring horizontal acceleration consisting of two similar hermetically sealed vessels containing liquid and provided with the pressure sensors connected to the differential scheme. The determination of the accelerations is done in terms of these sensors signals difference, which measuring the pressure in particular points. In these very points the pressures created by the vertical acceleration are equal in terms of each other, the ones created by the horizontal acceleration are different.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a rotation angle sensor having a magnet, a magnetic detector disposed in a magnetic field of the magnet for outputting a detected value indicative of a direction of the magnetic field that varies in accordance with a rotation angle of a rotatable member, and an output circuit which transforms the detected value to an output value in accordance with a transforming characteristic and outputs the output value, the method entailing: assembling the magnet, the magnetic detector and the output circuit to a device that has the rotatable member; rotating the rotatable member to a predetermined reference angle; measuring the detected value or the output value as a measured value when the rotatable member is at the reference angle; and setting the transforming characteristic based on the measured value so that the output circuit outputs a reference output value at the reference angle.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method to calibrate an angular measurement device using acceleration measurement device. The angular rate measurement device includes at least one angular measurement sensor, wherein the acceleration measurement device is able to distinguish the direction and strength of gravity. By performing the calibration method the scale factor(s) of the angular measurement device and the strength and direction of gravity can be obtained and/or corrected. An embodiment according to the method of the present invention describes optional use of a communication network to perform necessary evaluation and calculation steps at a remote device.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibration of an industrial robot, the apparatus comprising a body (7) having a first angle-measuring member (10) arranged for measuring an angle relative to the vertical line about a first measuring axis (12) and mouting means (8, 9, 25) for mounting the body to the robot during the calibration. The apparatus comprises a second angle-measuring member (11) arranged for measuring an angle relative to the vertical line about a second measuring axis (13) differing from the first measuring axis.

Abstract: A disclosed jig, for use in certifying accuracy of a vehicle wheel aligner, includes two axles of equal length having stub shafts at the ends of the axles and two adjustable side spacers for releasable connection to the stub shafts. Plates for mounting heads of the aligner system also are attached to the stub shafts. Stands support the corners of the rectangular jig formed by the connected axles and spacers. The aligner system measures parameters of the jig from the attached heads. A diagonal spacer of a predetermined length, may be used in setting the diagonals of the rectangular jig during assembly to be equal. In the example disclosed, the apparatus also includes a distance setting shaft for use in setting lengths of each of the two side spacers to be equal.

Abstract: An accelerator pedal module for controlling the power of a driving machine of a motor vehicle in which a two-point calibration is effected, so that the idle travel distances can be selected as substantially shorter than in the accelerator pedal module known before. In particular, it is proposed that first the sensor be calibrated in the position of repose, and then the so-called kick-down angle position of the pedal lever is set via a set screw.

Abstract: An alignment device (30) for mounting on a laser mapping machine in place of a tire. The alignment device (30) comprises alignment surfaces S1-S5 which, when mapped by the machine, will provide alignment parameters. Specifically, the mapping of the alignment surface S1 and the mapping of the alignment surface S2 reflect the perpendicularity of the machine's laser relative to the machine's rail in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The mapping of the alignment surface S2 and the alignment surface S3 will reflect the parallelism of the rail to the machine's shaft in the first and second directions. The mapping of the alignment surface S4 and the alignment surface S5 will reflect radial and out-of-plane wobble.

Abstract: An accelerator pedal is positioned at a kickdown position. Then, an output value of a measurement device of an accelerator pedal position sensor is measured. Thereafter, the measured output value of the measurement device is stored in a correction output value storage of the accelerator pedal position sensor along with a corresponding correction value, which is used to correct the measured output value of the measurement device. A couple of fully opened position stop members is provided and is engaged with the accelerator pedal when the accelerator pedal is rotated to a fully opened position. Furthermore, a couple of fully closed position stop members is provided and is engaged with the accelerator pedal when the accelerator pedal is rotated to a fully closed position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for improving the accuracy of directional surveys using magnetometers and accelerometers. The method corrects errors in bias, scale-factor, misalignment of cross-axial magnetometers, and bias or scale-factor of axial magnetometer by requiring the magnitude of measured cross-axial magnetic field to be as constant as possible over several tool face angles at a survey point in a wellbore and the magnitude of the measured total magnetic field and dip angle equal to the reference values, respectively. The axial component of the measured magnetic field is also determined. The method also corrects accelerometers similarly. The calibration parameters obtained at one survey point are applied to measurements at other survey points to improve the accuracy of surveys and the efficiency of drilling operations.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus 2 comprises: a base 10 fixed onto the rotary table 83; a rotational angular position detector 35 having first and second members 36 and 37 mounted in relatively rotatable fashion about a preset rotational center axis, one member being provided with a scale and the other with a reading device, wherein the first member 36 is mounted fixedly on the base 10; a restraining mechanism 55 which engages with the second member 37 of the rotational angular position detector 35 and thereby restrains rotation of the second member 37, while allowing the base 10 and the rotational angular position detector 35 to move in vertical direction; and a ring-shaped detection member 49 mounted perpendicularly on the base 10 by orienting center axis at right angles to the upper surface of the rotary table 83 and accommodating therein the rotational angular position detector 35.

Abstract: A liquid level sensor is provided for use with a container. The sensor protrudes through an opening in the container. The sensor includes a float linked by means of a linkage to a first magnet axially rotatable on a first axis. The first magnet has a magnetic moment with a nonzero component at a right angle to the axis. A divider separates the first magnet from a second magnet having a magnetization and axially rotatable on a second axis. The second magnet has a nonzero magnetic moment at a right angle to the second axis. The first and second magnets are juxtaposed in magnetic linkage so that the second magnet is urged to follow the first magnet in rotation. The divider plugs the opening in the container. A magnetic field sensor is positioned to sense axial magnetic field strength at a location offset from the second axis.

Abstract: A present invention is for a device and method for measuring and calibrating the rotary motion of a rotatable machine member, such as a pivotable swivel member (2b) of a spindle (2) of a five-axis machine tool (1). The device includes an arm (110) mounted to the spindle, a housing (120) mounted to the arm, an optical encoder mounted internal to the arm and positioned therein to measure rotation about an axis extending lengthwise along the housing, which such axis is parallel to the axis about which the swivel member rotates. The device also includes a rotary table (170) mounted to the housing opposite the arm, the rotary table comprising a stator (171) fixedly mounted to the housing and a rotor (172) clampedly affixed to a shaft passing through the housing. The shaft is coupled to an input shaft of the encoder such that rotary movement of the rotor can be measured by the encoder. An electronic level (190) fixedly secured to the rotor, such as by a bracket (180).

Abstract: A rollover sensor for a vehicle continuously determines the inclination of a vehicle in at least one axis. In order to cancel drift deviations in the sensor, the inclination is average in the at least one axis, continuously along a defined route. The formed average value is assumed as the zero position. Inclination of the vehicle due to inclination of the road surface is compensated based on variations in ambient air pressure indicative of changes in altitude.

Abstract: Method for correcting an angle error of an absolute-angle detector that detects the angular position of a first shaft whose rotary movement is linked to a second shaft. The angular position of second shaft is first detected during at least one complete revolution of first shaft; the corresponding angular position of first shaft is derived from this value; the corresponding output value of absolute-angle detector is compared to the corresponding angular position of first shaft, and the difference formed by this comparison is stored. The corresponding output value of absolute-angle detector is then corrected by the stored value.

Abstract: One or plural rotors are coaxially provided on a first shaft and a second shaft connected with each other by a connection shaft. Plural targets are provided at each rotor. Two detecting means disposed opposite to the targets output detection signals having phases different from each other as the rotor rotates. The steering apparatus assists steering according to a steering torque applied to the first shaft detected based on the detection signals and a steering angle of the first shaft. The steering apparatus has comparing means for comparing the detection signals with each other; malfunction judging means for judging whether any one of the detecting means is malfunctioning or not on the basis of a comparison result; and notifying means for notifying a malfunction when the malfunction judging means judges that there is a malfunction and can notify the driver of a malfunction in a torque sensor when it occurs.