Abstract: A metal band saw is disclosed which is used to cut cutting-resistant materials such as SKD11, stainless steel, etc. and has characteristics of generating less chips on the cutting edge as well as improving wear resistance, resulting in very long service life. The blade material for the metallic band saw comprises high-speed steel containing 2 wt. % or less of vanadium (V), wherein 3 area % or more of carbide grains having a major diameter of 3 &mgr;m or more as observed in a metallographic structure.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a continuous web of material from a block of material is disclosed. The block is preferably a cylindrical block having a base and a generally vertical central axis extending generally orthogonally from the base. The apparatus comprises a rotatable platen such that the block may be rotatably supported, and a milling cutter for displacing portions of the block defining a displaced portion near the base of the block. A blade is positioned generally parallel to the central axis of the block, the blade positioned to cut into the block a predetermined distance from the central axis. The blade has a portion operatively disposed within the displaced portion of the block. The apparatus also comprises a drive mechanism for rotating the platen; as well as a linear drive mechanism for linearly decreasing the predetermined distance of the blade from the central axis.

Abstract: A metal cutting bandsaw blade includes a strip and a recurring group of teeth projecting therefrom. The recurring group of teeth has a setting pattern and a height pattern. The setting pattern has at least three units selected from the following setting types: (a) unset teeth (b) teeth set to the right (c) teeth set to the left. The setting pattern includes at least one of each of the setting types. The height pattern has at least two selected from the following height types: (a) high teeth (b) low teeth. The height pattern includes at least one of each of the height types. The total number of teeth in the recurring group is the product of the number of setting units and the number of heights units. The number of setting units is incommensurable with the number of height units. The number of teeth set to the right in the recurring group is equal to the number of teeth set to the left. All of the set teeth in the group have substantially equal setting widths.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing sheets of polymeric surfacing, the sheets produced thereby, and the apparatus used to produce the sheets. The method includes providing a solid polymeric slab, and slicing the slab into sheets of surfacing. The sheets may include polymeric particles contained in a polymeric matrix. The particles may have a maximum linear dimension that is greater than the final thickness of the sheets, thereby resulting in an aesthetically pleasing “chunky” appearance. The apparatus used to slice the sheets produces a relatively smooth, uniform surface, and is capable of dramatically limiting the amount of variation in thickness within a finished sheet.

Abstract: A blade sharpener for band saws used in the lumber and other wood processing industries, is installed on the band saw structure for sharpening the band saw blade periodically as required without need to remove the blade from the saw. The sharpener apparatus is retractable within the band saw frame when not in use, permitting the saw to be used normally. When the blade requires sharpening, the apparatus is extended and clamped about the blade. The blade is advanced to the proper position, and the sharpener is actuated to sharpen each of the teeth of the band saw blade in place on the saw. The mechanism includes an automatic shutoff to preclude further sharpening operation once the blade has been advanced through a full cycle and all teeth have been sharpened. The sharpener also includes adjustments for tooth pitch, hook angle, and tooth or gullet depth, enabling the device to be useable for sharpening virtually any band saw blade configuration.

Abstract: A bandsaw blade includes recurring identical groups of teeth. Each tooth group consists of two to six teeth. Each group is spaced from leading and trailing groups by first and second respective distances. The first and second distances being different from one another.

Abstract: A saw having a self-pumped hydrodynamic blade guide or bearing for retaining the saw blade in a centered position in the saw kerf (width of cut made by the saw). The hydrodynamic blade guide or bearing utilizes pockets or grooves incorporated into the sides of the blade. The saw kerf in the workpiece provides the guide or bearing stator surface. Both sides of the blade entrain cutting fluid as the blade enters the kerf in the workpiece, and the trapped fluid provides pressure between the blade and the workpiece as an inverse function of the gap between the blade surface and the workpiece surface. If the blade wanders from the center of the kerf, then one gap will increase and one gap will decrease and the consequent pressure difference between the two sides of the blade will cause the blade to re-center itself in the kerf.

Abstract: A variable pitch band saw is provided which has a toothed edge comprising a plurality of recurrent groups of teeth. Each group includes an unset leading tooth and a plurality of teeth that are alternately set laterally to opposite sides of the saw. Each tooth has a cutting edge disposed in a predetermined cutting plane and an accumulated pitch distance between it and the next preceding saw tooth having a cutting edge coplanar with said predetermined plane. The size of gullet area of each tooth is made directly proportional to the accumulated pitch distance of that tooth so that the size of the gullet areas are the same for all teeth having the same accumulated pitch. Each of the tooth groups may include teeth of varying height and degrees of lateral set, some of the teeth of each group having a different pitch, measured from the tip of one of said teeth to the tip of a tooth adjacent the one, to avoid uniform tooth spacing between all the teeth to the group.

Abstract: A bandsaw blade includes recurring groups of cutting tooth structures which are of progressively shorter height from a leading tooth structure to a trailing tooth structure. Each of the tooth structures is either: (A) a single, straight tooth, or (B) a pair of equal-height set teeth which are set to respective sides of the blade. The leading tooth structure consists of a single straight tooth having relatively large chamfers. The last tooth structure consists of a pair of non-chamfered set teeth. The next-to-last tooth structure is either a straight, chamfered tooth or a pair of chamfered, set teeth.

Abstract: A variable thickness linear saw design is proposed for enabling maximum reduction of the thickness of the kerf associated with such saws. Typically, such saws have cutting teeth mounted on the leading edge of a supporting plate. In the improvement of this saw, this supporting plate is given two discrete thicknesses relative to the kerf. A first and narrow thickness (relative to the kerf) longitudinal segment is used parallel to and adjacent the supported teeth. This first and narrow thickness longitudinally extending segment only occupies a fraction of less than half and preferably about 20% of the full width of the saw behind the supported teeth. A second and expanded thickness (relative to the kerf) longitudinal segment is used for the remaining width of the saw. The reduced thickness of the narrow tooth supporting section of the saw forms in the case of the linear saws a preferred exit path for sawdust, this preferred exit path being immediately adjacent and behind the supported teeth of the saw.

Abstract: A method of cutting underwater structures which comprises the following steps:a local underwater step including:the anchorage of cutting means in the cutting area, exactly positioned to effect the desired cut, to the structure to be cut;a remotely-controlled step including:the automatic activation and de-activation, from a spot at the surface, of the cutting means and the automatic feed thereof in the cutting direction from a non-interference position through the structure, the cutting means being provided with cutting tools for cutting metallic and non-metallic materials;a local underwater step for recovering the cutting means (T).

Abstract: Saw blade for sawing metal, the saw blade having straight teeth as well as set teeth. The straight teeth extend higher than the set teeth and are chamfered on both sides such that the chamfers extend below the top edges of the set teeth. The set teeth have, on their outer side corners only, either no chamfer or a small chamfer.

Abstract: A circular opening is formed in a structure by: forming through-holes 4, 3 in the structure 1 to be cut on a circular cutting line 2 and at the center of the circular cutting line; inserting a shaft 5 through the center through-hole 3; securing support arms 13, 20 to both ends of the shaft 5; passing an endless wire saw 23 through the through-holes 4 on the cutting line and around pulleys 15, 22 mounted on the support arms 13, 20; and driving the wire saw 23 by a drive unit while rotating the support arms 13, 20 about the shaft 5.The apparatus for cutting a circular opening in a structure comprises: a shaft inserted through a through-hole formed in a structure to be cut; support arms secured to both ends of the shaft; pulleys mounted to the support arms; an endless wire saw passed through through-holes formed in the structure along a line connecting the pulleys around the pulleys; a pulley drive unit; and a support arm rotating unit.

Abstract: A bandsaw blade comprises a plurality of cutting teeth spaced longitudinally apart by gullets. Each tooth includes a steel portion and a carbide tip brazed to a front face of the steel portion. The deepest point of the gullet lies on a curved section having a relatively large radius of curvature, and is spaced longitudinally forwardly of the trailing carbide tip by a relatively large distance. Transversely spaced corners of the gullet bottom are made smoothly rounded by a shot-peening operation.

Abstract: A uniform width of steel forms a continuous band saw blade, the cutting edge of which has uniform lengths having smooth straight knife like cutting edges and other lengths which have three to eight teeth between the adjacent ends of the smooth knife like cutting edges. The blade is used for cutting bread.

Abstract: A saw blade of the welded-edge or chemically homogeneous type having a tooth geometry featuring a positive rake angle and a radial relief back for cutting both structural and solid materials.

Abstract: An offset bandsaw uses a drive pulley and a second pulley which is angularly offset from the first drive pulley. A bandsaw blade is formed by twisting the blade 360.degree. before welding the two ends together to form a continuous belt. The combination of the offset rollers and the 360.degree. twist permit the bandsaw blade to follow a more natural path which improves blade life. Rollers may be provided intermediate the drive pulley and top pulley to position the bandsaw blade portions in the same plane. Alternatively one may provide a third or fourth pulley to create a precision saw which can cut tight radii in a workpiece and make sizeable square cuts through stock of any length.

Abstract: Wafers are manufactured from an ingot of semiconductor material by first machining a front face of the ingot to provide a substantially planar reference surface and then slicing the ingot using looped cutting wire apparatus. The cutting wire apparatus includes a looped cutting wire and at least two drive rollers over sectors of which the cutting wire is wrapped. Each drive roller is provided with its own drive motor which has shunt motor characteristics. The speed and torque of each motor is adjustable relative to the load applied to its drive roller by the cutting wire such that all of the drive rollers participate in driving the cutting wire with substantially the same reliability against slippage so that wear is distributed uniformly over all of the drive rollers.

Abstract: A machine for cutting foam material having an endless cutting wire (80) supported on a number of rollers (51, 52, 53, 54 and 55) to travel a fixed length continuous path. Two of the rollers (52, 53) being mounted to move along respective parallel paths in synchronism to displace that portion (81) of the wire (80) extending between the rollers (52, 53) in the plane of rotation of those rollers. A motor (42) to drive the endless wire (80) about the continuous path so the foam material presented to the portion (81) of the wire may be cut thereby. The displacement of the roller (52, 53) being controlled by a motor (69) under the control of an ECU (40) to determine the shape to which the foam material is cut.

Abstract: A bandsaw blade including a continuous loop of hardened tempered bandsaw steel having carbide-tipped teeth arranged in pairs, each pair including a "high" tooth and a "low" tooth shaped to provide triple-chip cutting action and ground to provide radial and tangential relief angles on side surfaces of each saw tooth to reduce blade vibration during cutting. The teeth are secured to the blade body by brazing with a solder which includes a discrete layer of a ductile metal which absorbs forces induced in the brazing zone under dynamic load conditions.

Abstract: A bandsaw blade for use in milling timber having in-line swaged teeth, wherein the cutting tip of each tooth, in front profile, is triangular in shape with a central apical point (30) and two side points (32, 34). Preferably, the apical angle (.theta.) is from 60.degree. to 140.degree., with the base angles (.gamma.) of the tip being equal to one another and lying from 20.degree. to 60.degree., thus providing an elongate pentagon shape in front profile. Also, a dark blue temper band (50) may be curved so that its top is spaced below the apical point (30) by a distance of 0.5 to 1.3 times, preferably 0.6 to 1.2 times, the blade thickness.

Abstract: The invention provides a disconnectable band saw joint assembly for connecting together in axial alignment end portions of a bandsaw. The joint assembly does not require welding, and as such can be easily separated to permit threading of the bandsaw through a hole drilled in a plate to permit sawing of a closed ended cut or loop within the plate. This eliminates the normal practice of breaking and rewelding a band saw for cutting a closed loop within a plate. Furthermore, because the joint is cold, it does not affect temper of the saw portions adjacent the joint. The assembly has male and female connections, the female connections having a neck recess and a head recess, and the male connection having a head portion and a neck portion which fit within the neck recess and the head recess respectively. The recess has at least one main recess edge, and the head portion has at least one main head edge, both edges being disposed normally to longitudinal axis of the saw.

Abstract: A portable bandsaw mill, readily made sufficiently light in weight to be carried by two people, having a saw unit supported on rollers, so that the saw unit can be readily guided and the cut controlled and adjusted manually. A ground-supported support frame or unit provides guide tracks spaced apart on opposite sides of a log or other workpiece, on which the saw unit can be rollingly advanced. The ends of the guide tracks are supported in end frames by structure enabling the levels of the guide tracks to be conveniently adjusted for successively lower passes of the saw unit through the log. Guide beam ends are capable of independent adjustment to accommodate differences in level between the four corners of the support unit. A manually advanced rolling saw head of the saw unit includes two bandsaw pulleys, each having a bandsaw blade entrained thereon, one being an idler pulley and the other a drive pulley.

Abstract: An arrangement for manufacturing curved wall portions of a heat insulating wall, and particularly for cutting a block of heat-insulating synthetic foam material over a contour embracing a section of a container surface to be insulated, has a chain saw with a cutting tool which slides along an outer edge of a flexible web and has a turning axes in which it is driven for running, a drive for running the cutting tool along the outer edge of the flexible web and including two rotary elements, upright guiding elements each located at a respective end of the chain saw and arranged to guide the latter for upward and downward movements between a plurality of upright positions, a drive for displacing the chain saw in an upright direction and including two displacing elements arranged to act upon a respective end of the chain saw in synchronism with one another, a drive for inclining the turning axes of the cutting tool of the chain saw relative to one another and about a horizontal axis extending in a cutting directio

Abstract: A band saw for an industrial band mill is hollow formed, preferably on both sides thereof, and substantially from edge to edge thereof. This hollow forming eliminates the need for prestressing the band saw by roll tensioning during its manufacture. When the wheels are strained up, the band saw becomes substantially flat on the wheels. Additionally, the band saw may be made thinner to reduce material costs and to result in a thinner saw cut, thereby reducing sawdust waste. Less friction between the band saw and the timber being cut reduces heat build-up, thereby improving the useful life and reliability of the band saw, and facilitating faster cutting rates for improved production efficiency. Preferably, the cutting teeth are swaged set. The band saw may be single edged or double edged and may be mounted in a band mill having either flat or crowned wheels.

Abstract: A cutting device for continuous rods of cigarette, in which a substantially cylindrical cutting head is rotatably mounted about its axis on a support and is drivingly connected by a central coupling to a drive shaft extending through the support, the cutting head being provided with a flexible cutting blade incrementally removable from a magazine at least in part constituted by a guide for the blade extending through the head in a substantially diametrical direction and around the coupling.

Abstract: A saw unit, especially for wood machining, comprises two saw parts, the sawteeth alternately connected to one or the other saw part. The saw parts are mutually displaceable in the direction of tooth travel and/or in the direction of travel of the object being sawed to adjust the relative positions of the teeth. Thus, the cutting effect can be varied at both saw parts. Thus, the side-forces in the saw cut can be controlled in a desired way during sawing to enable the saw unit to be steered in a desired manner.

Abstract: Band saw blades embodying this invention are especially adapted for the cutting of hard metal work pieces of large cross-sectional size. The blades are characterized by a straight, planar sawtooth cutting edge and a tiered or stepped back edge, having alternate recessed and outer edge portions. Both the recessed and outer edge portions of the blade's back edge are generally parallel to the cutting edge of the blade and adjacent of these alternate edge portions are connected with inclined or tapered sections. The length of the recessed and outer edge portions are approximately equal; and when combined with the length of an inclined section, is about equal to the spacing of the saw guides of the band saw machine in which the blade is to be used.

Abstract: A device for separating meat from bones includes a flexible cutting strand driven continuously or in a reciprocating manner by a drive. The cutting strand is unsupported over a portion of its length so that it can engage the surface of a bone in this area under the influence of a force exerted on the device. The cutting strand is provided with cutting elements spaced apart from each other which have cutting edges extending in the longitudinal direction of the cutting strand.

Abstract: An improved band saw blade for crafting the interior of a workpiece without defacing its periphery. A planar blade is provided having mating ends. Means located in the mating ends of the blade allow the blade to be threaded through the interior of the workpiece then joined to achieve a belt-like operational configuration.

Abstract: A new tooth form for a welded edge band saw, which has a positive rake angle and an enlarged gullet space, while maintaining a large wedge angle, is disclosed. The tooth geometry has a wedge angle greater than positive rake tooth forms of previous design and a gullet space comparable to a zero rake angle standard tooth form. The new tooth form provides an improved cutting rate and useful life and it is particularly advantageous in connection with high speed heavy duty band saw apparatus.

Abstract: A saw blade having improved metal cutting characteristics in which the tip of each tooth is formed to provide a primary rake face extending from the tip of the tooth for a distance of 0.007 to 0.020 inch and having a positive rake angle of 12.degree. to 25.degree., a secondary rake face extending from the primary rake face to the gullet of the tooth and having a positive rake angle less than 12.degree., a primary end relief surface extending from the tip of the tooth for a distance of 0.007 to 0.030 inch and forming a relief angle of 10.degree. to 25.degree., and a secondary end relief surface extending from the primary end relief surface to the gullet of the next successive tooth and forming a relief angle greater than the relief angle of the primary end relief surface. The blade can be made by applying a deforming force to the tips of the teeth of a precursor saw blade.

Abstract: A saw blade construction and method of forming such blade whereby the ends of a saw blade are abutted into end to end relationship to define an endless saw blade having a series of teeth formed along one edge to define a cutting edge, and having a back edge which is progressively sloped or tapered in opposite directions from an intermediate point on the back edge so that in a cutting operation the saw blade effects a cut along an edge portion of a workpiece on the down feed stroke of the blade and a progressive cut on the opposite edge of the workpiece whereby the teeth are rendered self-feeding on the progressive cut of the workpiece. In a modified embodiment the saw blade is formed with a plurality of alternately disposed down feed and progressive cutting edges.

Abstract: An improved band saw blade for cutting hard ferrous or non-ferrous articles, wherein the band saw blade comprises an elongated, flexible, continuous ribbon having a back edge and a toothed edge, the ribbon having a sinoidal pattern in the plane of the ribbon, the wavelength and pitch of the ribbon being selected to enhance the cutting of the article but is selected to avoid chatter based on the rate of speed of travel of the ribbon, the pressure applied to the ribbon during the cutting and the average length of the cut to be made in the article to be cut. A method of constructing a band saw blade with a sinoidal pattern including the steps of successively squeezing portions of the saw blade or ribbon alternately near its back edge and near its toothed edge, whereby the blade is formed with a continuous wave pattern.

Abstract: A bandsaw blade of Mobius strip construction is provided. Also provided is a bandsaw which utilizes such blade.

Abstract: A saw blade is provided with an arrangement and form of teeth which reduces vibration, cutting noise and chatter, and which enhances cutting speed and blade life. In addition to having teeth arranged in recurrent groups wherein the teeth alternately decrease and increase in gullet depth and pitch with the tips of the teeth in alignment and being set laterally to the same extent, the smaller teeth are given a positive rake angle which increases with decrease in tooth size so that the angle of attack of the smaller teeth is sharper thereby causing them to dig in and remove a larger clip, thereby tending to equalize the size of the chips removed by the different teeth.

Abstract: An improved sculpturing apparatus having an asymmetric blade, improved fabric support means and an improved screen for applying stiffening agent is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of and device for cutting blocks of foamed material, e.g. polyethylene. An endless cable of elastic wear resistant material e.g. steel, having a rough surface and a diameter of from 0.5 to 2 mm is preloaded at a force of from 5 to 30kp. The cable is operated at a speed of rotation of from 30 to 60 m/sec while the foamed material is being moved relative thereto toward the foamed material to be cut along a plane extending in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the cable. The cable of elastic material having helically wound therearound a wear resistant wire with a diameter of from 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

Abstract: A saw blade construction and method of forming such blade whereby the ends of a saw blade are abutted into end to end relationship to define an endless saw blade having a series of teeth formed along one edge to define a cutting edge, and having a back edge which is progressively sloped or tapered in opposite directions from an intermediate point on the back edge so that in a cutting operation the saw blade effects a cut along an edge portion of a workpiece on the down feed stroke of the blade and a progressive cut on the opposite edge of the workpiece whereby the teeth are rendered self-feeding on the progressive cut of the workpiece. In a modified embodiment the saw blade is formed with a plurality of alternate disposed down feed and progressive cutting edges.

Abstract: A slicing band consists of a base and an integral reduced cross section shank which is formed continuously throughout the length of the band. At the end of the shank is a scalloped cutting edge with inclined faces which intersect at the cutting edge of the scallops. The blade is constructed from an apparatus which utilizes two rotatable grinding wheels each with a flat annular grinding surface adapted to contact first one side of the blade and then the opposite side of the blade while the blade is yieldably retained against lateral movement and to effect material reduction to form the reduced cross section shank. The grinding wheel consists of cubic boron nitride, capable of performing material removal without burning or compromising the strength or other material requirements of the blade.

Abstract: A method of and device for cutting blocks of foamed material, e.g. polyethylene an endless cable of elastic wear resistant material e.g. steel, having a rough surface and a diameter of from 0.5 to 2 mm is preloaded at a force of from 5 to 30 kg. The cable is operated at a speed of rotation of from 30 to 60 m/sec while the foamed material is being moved relative thereto toward the foamed material to be cut along a plane extending in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the cable. The cable of elastic material having helically wound therearound a wear resistant wire with a diameter of from 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

Abstract: A cutting blade for use in paper trimming machines and the like. A beveled surface is included which tapers the first side of the blade toward a second side so as to form an acute angle at the intersection of the second side and the beveled surface. The blade is regularly scalloped along the second side so that the scallops form an acute angle with the beveled surface. The generally serrated cutting edge so formed lies entirely within the plane of the beveled surface. During the cutting operation, the blade is inclined to the cutting plane so that the cutting plane and the plane of the beveled surface are substantially coincident. With the blade thus disposed, the cutting edges all lie within the cutting plane. Tearing and crushing of the paper is thus substantially avoided. The cutting edge so formed can be sharpened without significantly changing the shape of the cutting edge by grinding the beveled surface.

Abstract: A twin-edged foam plastic cleaving machine having a machine frame and a drive for guiding and adjusting a band blade support, a workpiece table (including also a conveyor belt system), movable in relation to the machine frame, for receiving the block of foam plastic to be cut, a twin-edged band blade arrangement, and a truss which is disposed on the side of the band blade remote from the block of foam plastic to support the band blade against yielding both due to a tensile force exerted on the band blade and also due to the reaction compressive force.

Abstract: A film severing method and apparatus is provided in which a film having first and second edges is engaged by film holding devices and the film is severed in a transverse path between such holding devices while the film is held on either side thereby, such severing including:Cutting the film at the first edge by moving a severing device into the film at a position spaced from the first edge and thereafter moving it in a first direction toward and through such first edge to form a partial cut andCompleting the severing of the film by moving another severing device in a second direction into the partial cut and thereafter through the film toward and through the second edge whereby to sever the film.

Abstract: A method and construction of a saw blade whereby the ends of a saw blade are secured to define an endless saw blade construction which has a series of cutting teeth progressively arranged from leading to trailing end so that the respective teeth are rendered self-feeding. Each cutting tooth is formed with a relatively wide root which is inclined to define a clearance angle of 10.degree. to 15.degree..

Abstract: Combustible materials, including plastic sheets, plates, and blocks, also leather and all varieties of wood, may be cut along predetermined lines by engaging same with a heated reciprocating wire at temperatures which vaporizes the material rather than melting same. The machine providesa reciprocating wire which is heated by electrical resistance. A system of air quenching of the wire above and below the cutting zone is employed in order to attain incandescent temperatures at the point of cutting.

Abstract: A method of sawing a wooden workpiece makes simultaneous use of a chip cung operation with chip cutting saw teeth provided along the leading edge of a saw blade and a cutting operation with knife edges provided on the same leading edge of the saw blade. Between each pair of adjacent chip cutting saw teeth on the leading edge of the saw blade a knife edge, also provided on the leading edge of the saw blade, is fed into the workpiece together with the saw teeth in a plane located within the kerf made by the saw teeth and in such a position relative to the saw teeth that this knife edge cuts into the workpiece or at least into the chip, which still adheres to the workpiece and is being formed by the one saw tooth, and cuts this chip into two portions, which when liberated from the workpiece under the action of the saw tooth are distributed on opposite sides of the saw blade into the clearances between the side surfaces of the saw blade and the wall of the kerf.

Abstract: A coated steel product, namely, a cutting instrument such as a band saw blade, in which the body of the blade is of steel, the tooth tip is of impulse hardened steel and the tip is covered with a coating of titanium carbide or refractory metal carbide, the coating metal or compound having been deposited by ion plating onto the surface of the tip. The process through which the cutting tool is produced includes preshaping and sharpening the tool, then ion cleaning the tips, bombarding the tips with ions of the titanium or refractory metal followed by reacting the titanium or refractory metal with a carbon containing chemical or their carbides and then simultaneously subjecting both the coating and the steel tip to a magnetic flux for impulse hardening primarily the steel tip. Other coatings of metal carbides, nitrides, borides and metal compounds are described.

Abstract: Apparatus for converting a flat blade band saw for use with spiral blades, the apparatus having upper and lower guide means for guiding a continuous spiral blade in a band saw, and having means for securing the guide means to the band saw structure. The guide means include spaced pairs of upper and lower rollers aligned to receive and to hold a spiral blade moving in a straight line between each pair of rollers.

Abstract: A saw blade is provided with an arrangement and form of teeth which reduces vibration, cutting noise and chatter, and which enhances cutting speed and blade life. In addition to having teeth arranged in recurrent groups wherein the teeth alternately decrease and increase in gullet depth and pitch with the tips of the teeth in alignment and being set laterally to the same extent, the smaller teeth are given a positive rake angle which increases with decrease in tooth size so that the angle of attack of the smaller teeth is sharper thereby causing them to dig in and remove a larger clip, thereby tending to equalize the size of the chips removed by the different teeth.