Abstract: Augmented reality-based training and troubleshooting is described for medical devices. An electronic mobile device can be equipped with an AR application that, when executed, causes the electronic mobile device to provide augmented reality-based training on how to set up, or perform maintenance on, one or more components of a medical device. The AR application, when executed, can also cause the electronic mobile device to provide augmented reality-based troubleshooting for one or more components of a medical device.

Abstract: Provided are a method of transmitting a control command of a terminal apparatus, a terminal apparatus, and a computer program product. The method includes storing position information of at least one air cleaning apparatus in an indoor space; acquiring region-by-region air pollution information of the indoor space acquired while a moving cleaning apparatus moves in the indoor space; acquiring, based on the acquired region-by-region air pollution information of the indoor space and the position information of the at least one air cleaning apparatus in the indoor space, a control command for controlling an operation of the at least one air cleaning apparatus to supply clean air to a polluted region among regions of the indoor space; and transmitting the acquired control command to the at least one air cleaning apparatus.

Abstract: An air treatment system is disclosed that includes a modular configuration whereby a fan module, filter module, and humidifier module may couple together to provide a plurality of air treatment solutions. In more detail, the modules can stack end-to-end in a vertical configuration. The modules may electrically couple to each other via a common electrical bus and enable a controller disposed in the fan module (or other module) to control fan flow rates, direction, and humidity. The fan module can include an articulating nozzle capable of directing airflow in virtually any direction and angle about an environment. The fan module can further include an inlet arrangement that can selectively restrict external air from entering the fan module housing when the fan module is fluidly coupled to the filter module. Thus, the fan module may generate air flow from exclusively filtered air to minimize or otherwise reduce bacterial/mold growth within the fan module housing.

Abstract: A rotary drive actuator for an annular well pressure control device includes a piston having a tapered inner surface, a through bore and a threaded outer surface. A threaded sleeve having a threaded inner surface is in threaded engagement with the threaded outer surface of the piston. A rotary motor is arranged to rotate the threaded sleeve, whereby rotation of the rotary motor causes corresponding axial motion of the piston.

Abstract: A main controller 201 of a main substrate 20 performs serial communications with a sub controller 214 of each flowrate control substrate 21. The flowrate of the carrier gas is controlled with the flowrate control circuit 213 under the control performed by each sub controller 214. Thus, the main controller 201 only needs to execute the processing of performing the serial communications with each sub controller 214. As a result, the processing executed by the main controller 201 can be reduced, and the processing executed by the main controller 201 is less likely to overwhelm its processing capability even when the number of flowrate control substrates 21 is increased. In addition, a signal line 40 between the main controller 201 and each sub controller 214 can be made long. Thus, the distance between the main substrate 20 and each of the flowrate control substrates 21 can be made long.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a fragile portion provided in an exhaust passage at a position frontward of a dashboard panel in a vehicle front-rear direction, and a thrusting portion. The fragile portion fractures more easily under a force from a front side of the vehicle than other portions of the exhaust passage. The thrusting portion is provided in one of the exhaust passage, at a position frontward of the dashboard panel and rearward of the fragile portion in the vehicle front-rear direction, and a framework member that is part of a frame structure of the vehicle and supports the dashboard panel. The thrusting portion protrudes from the one of the exhaust passage and the framework member toward the other one and facing the other one in the vehicle front-rear direction.

Abstract: A fuel tank inerting system includes an air separation module with an oxygen permeable membrane and a variable vacuum source in fluid communication with the air separation module. The variable vacuum source provides an adjustable vacuum to the permeate side of the oxygen permeable membrane in the air separation module, driving production of inert gas for fuel tank inerting or fire suppression.

Abstract: A humidifier and a float block for the humidifier are provided. The humidifier includes a water tank and a base. The water tank is located on the base. An air channel is arranged inside the water tank. A lower end of the air channel communicates with a blower installed inside the base. A mist passage chamber is vertically in the water tank. An upper end of the air channel communicates with an upper end of the mist passage chamber via a mist guide tube. The float block is arranged to float up and down inside the mist passage chamber. An atomizer corresponding to the mist passage chamber is installed at a lower end of the water tank.

Abstract: A gaseous emissions treatment component has a honeycomb substrate along and through which extend elongate cells for the passage of gaseous emissions through the substrate. The cells are bounded by walls dividing adjacent cells from one another. Metal elements occupy and extend along some of the cells. A metal element has an outer surface shape matching the inner surface of an immediately adjacent part of the cell within which the metal element is located.

Abstract: A dry vacuum pump may include a stator which defines an internal chamber in which a rotor is rotationally mounted. A sensor is mounted to the stator and has an output connected to a processing circuit arranged to analyse the output of the sensor to determine the absolute distance between a point on the surface of the rotor and internal stator surface. The rotor to stator clearance can thus be accurately determined in real time during operation of the pump, so that the pump performance can be optimised over its serviceable life.

Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system and methods for controlling each PSA cycle performed by the PSA system to produce oxygen enriched gas during productive portions of a user breathing cycle, and to cease production of oxygen enriched gas during non-productive portions of the user breathing cycle, is provided. The PSA system synchronizes PSA cycle phases including adsorption and desorption phases with a user's individual inhalation and exhalation phases, on a breath by breath basis, such that each PSA cycle can be dynamically varied from a succeeding PSA cycle, in real time in response to variations in the user's breathing cycle. An oxygen delivery device including a breathing cycle sensor provides breathing cycle inputs to a controller for use with at least one algorithm to detect breathing flow phases during each user breath, and to synchronize each PSA cycle to the user's breathing flow phases, on a breath-by-breath basis.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for monitoring fluid flow passing within a pipe is provided. The method includes the steps of: a) providing a flow pressure value and a flow temperature value for the fluid flow within the pipe; b) providing a fluid flowmeter operable to be attached to an exterior of the pipe; c) providing one or more of an additional flow related measurement (e.g., DP, SOS, etc.); d) providing a processor adapted to include an equation of state model for the pressure, volume, and temperature properties for the fluid flow, and further adapted to receive composition data values for the fluid flow, the flow pressure value, and the flow temperature value, and the flow velocity signals from the flowmeter; and e) determining a volumetric flow rate of one or more phases of the fluid flow.

Abstract: A lower partition wall having a through hole vertically penetrates the lower partition wall center. A spindle is inserted into the through hole. The top surface side of the lower partition wall includes a convex portion, a groove, and a drain hole. The convex portion is concentrically disposed at the through hole periphery. The groove extends, from an outer peripheral side of the convex portion, toward the through hole on an inner peripheral side. The drain hole is outside the convex portion, vertically penetrating the lower partition wall. The separated oil circles a top surface of the lower partition wall. The oil flowing to an inner peripheral side of the lower partition wall is guided to the groove and flows into the through hole. The oil flowing to an outer peripheral side of the lower partition wall flows into the drain hole.

Abstract: Oxygen production process of VSA type from a flow of air, implementing at least one group of at least 3 adsorbers installed in parallel and following the same VSA cycle comprising, in succession, a phase of adsorption at the high pressure of the cycle, a phase of desorption at pressures lower than the high pressure of the cycle, a phase of repressurization of the adsorber to the high pressure of the cycle, characterized in that, periodically or exceptionally: a) at least one adsorber of the group of adsorbers is isolated so as to no longer follow the pressure cycle, b) the adsorbent contained in the adsorber isolated in the step a) is regenerated by raising the temperature, and c) the adsorber regenerated in the step b) is re-incorporated in the group of adsorbers so as to once again follow the pressure cycle.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing a product gas are provided. In one embodiment, a system includes at least one separation bed to separate adsorbable components from a gas source, a valving means to selectively direct gas from the gas source to the at least one separation bed, at least one sensing device associated with the at least one separation bed to sense the progress of an adsorption zone within the separation bed, and a controller. The controller includes logic to read the output of the at least one sensing device and control the gas separation process based on the progress of the adsorption zone.

Abstract: A heat retention start timing of each sample container is determined based on a room temperature detected by a room temperature sensor, and a starting temperature and an ending temperature of each sample at a time of programmed temperature analysis that are stored in an analysis condition storage section. Since cooling speed of each sample container varies depending on the room temperature, the cooling time (A12, B12, C12, . . . ) of each sample container may be predicted based on the ending temperature of each sample at the time of programmed temperature analysis, the starting temperature of a next sample at the time of the programmed temperature analysis, and the room temperature. By determining the heat retention start timing of each sample container according to the cooling time (A12, B12, C12, . . . ) of each sample container predicted in the above manner, a margin time (A13, B13, C13, . . . ) after the cooling time may be prevented from becoming unnecessarily long.

Abstract: A system for managing an oxygen generating system including an oxygen storage tank, a compressor, and groups of at least one oxygen generator, wherein the oxygen generating system is configured for supplying a sustained flow of a gaseous mixture comprising mostly oxygen. The system includes at least one controller device. The at least one controller device is configured to control group circuits based at least upon a pressure. Each of the group circuits are for providing power to a particular group of the groups of at least one oxygen generator. The at least one controller device is also configured to control a circuit for providing power to the compressor.

Abstract: Methods and systems for predicting a filter lifetime include building a filter effectiveness history based on contaminant sensor information associated with a filter; determining a rate of filter consumption with a processor based on the filter effectiveness history; and determining a remaining filter lifetime based on the determined rate of filter consumption. Methods and systems for increasing filter economy include measuring contaminants in an internal and an external environment; determining a cost of a corrosion rate increase if unfiltered external air intake is increased for cooling; determining a cost of increased air pressure to filter external air; and if the cost of filtering external air exceeds the cost of the corrosion rate increase, increasing an intake of unfiltered external air.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing a product gas are provided. In one embodiment, a system includes at least one separation bed to separate adsorbable components from a gas source, a valving means to selectively direct gas from the gas source to the at least one separation bed, at least one sensing device associated with the at least one separation bed to sense the progress of an adsorption zone within the separation bed, and a controller. The controller includes logic to read the output of the at least one sensing device and control the gas separation process based on the progress of the adsorption zone.

Abstract: An air purification system including a Particle Phase Pollutant (PPP) treatment section (9) having an air inlet (14) and an air outlet (15), a particle removal filter, (11) and a blower (12) to draw air from the air inlet (14) of the PPP treatment section (9) to pass through the particle removal filter (11) and exit through the air outlet (15) of the PPP treatment section (9). The system also includes a Gas Phase Pollutant (GPP) treatment section (10) installed at a downstream position of the particle removal filter (11) of the PPP treatment section (9), the GPP treatment section (10) having an air inlet (19) and an air outlet (20), a gas removal filter (16) with high filter air flow resistance, and a blower (17) located at a downstream position of the gas removal filter (16) to draw air from the air inlet (19) of the GPP treatment section (10) to pass through the gas removal filter (16) and exit through the air outlet (20) of the GPP treatment section (10).

Abstract: Apparatus and method for managing an oxygen generating system configured for supplying a sustained flow of oxygen, which may include a control box. The control box may include an oil-less air compressor configured to pump the oxygen to an oxygen storage tank from at least two banks of at least one oxygen generator. The control box may include or be connected to a pressure sensor associated with the oxygen storage tank. The control box may further include one or more controller devices configured to control at least two circuits for providing power to the at least two banks of at least one oxygen generator. The one or more controller devices may be configured to switch on or off each bank of oxygen generators in response to particular threshold pressures associated with the storage tank. The one or more controller devices may also be configured to control the oil-less air compressor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dispensing device for at least one air treatment agent comprising at least one airborne agent detector operable to detect airborne agents in the air; receiving means for receiving at least one source of air treatment agent; and control means for releasing an amount of at least one air treatment agent from a source thereof received in the receiving means when a current airborne agent level detected by the airborne agent detector deviates from a background airborne agent level detected by the airborne agent detector by more than a predetermined amount, wherein the background airborne agent level is calculated by the device. The present invention also relates to a method of dispensing at least one air treatment agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air purifier able to maintain the normal state of drive of a disk-shaped humidification filter by controlling the state of rotation of the humidification filter. The air purifier can maintain the normal state of drive of the humidification filter by using a stepping motor and the control unit in order to vary the state of rotation of the humidification filter and thereby remove extraneous material when the humidification filter is rotating abnormally due to extraneous material.

Abstract: In a road finishing machine comprising at least one screed, a machine control, and a ventilation system including a fan, the fan can be switched on or off via the machine control automatically independent of the operator and exclusively depending on demand. According to the invention, before or during the laying operation, a defined demand for the operation of the ventilation system is determined, and during or for the laying operation, the ventilation system is operated independent of the operator and automatically, and optionally power-controlled, upon determination of the defined demand.

Abstract: Certain embodiments herein relate to systems and methods for managing turbine intake filters. In one embodiment, a system can include at least one memory configured to store computer-executable instructions and at least one control device configured to access the at least one memory and execute the computer-executable instructions. The instructions may be configured to receive information associated with a filter and identify the filter based at least in part on the information received. The instructions may be further configured to pulse the filter based at least in part on the information received.

Abstract: The system is provided for continuously separating landfill gas in a raw multi-phase stream coming from a landfill gas collector. The system includes an atmospheric tank and an elongated separator vessel mounted substantially upright above the tank bottom. The elongated separator vessel includes a mid-level inlet that is configured and disposed to be in fluid communication with the landfill gas collector pipe, an upper gas outlet located vertically above the mid-level inlet, and a bottom-opened discharge end that is located vertically below the mid-level inlet. A method of pretreating a raw multi-phase stream captured from a landfill site is also disclosed. The proposed concept provides a relatively simple arrangement that can be made sufficiently rugged to perform a pretreatment of the raw multi-phase stream in a continuous manner and with a very minimal intervention from landfill operators under almost any weather and operating conditions.

Abstract: A gas turbine inlet air filter house control system may obtain geospatial data for an area in which a gas turbine is located. The gas turbine inlet air filter house control system may determine filter cleaning parameters for the gas turbine based on the geospatial data and control the initiation and duration of the inlet air filter cleaning process.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention generally provide a containment system having integrated bubble tight-dampers. In another embodiment, the containment system includes an integral auto-scan mechanism disposed in the housing of the containment system so that a filter element, disposed in the housing, may be leak tested without accessing the interior of the housing. In yet another embodiment, a method for testing a filter disposed in a containment system includes challenging an upstream side of a filter element disposed in a housing of the containment system with a test aerosol, and automatically moving a probe disposed within the housing to obtain samples for leak testing.

Abstract: A system and method for regenerative air purification technology use in residential or commercial HVAC systems that includes a set of gas sensors and processor, a set of filters including the pre-particles filter; HEAP particles filters and the adsorption gas filters with TiO2 (or TiO2 mixed activated carbon material) coated on the outer surface, a set of auto valves, a set of UV Lamps on the boundaries of device compartment, a set of heater located in the central of a cylinder type of adsorption filter. The air is ventilated through the pre-particle filter, “HEPA” filter or a high efficiency filter with nano-material fibers (HENF) and combined activated carbon adsorption filter via a well designed manifold tube, in which the particles will be captured on the pre-particle filter and “HEPA” or “HENF” filter materials and VOCs are trapped by the adsorption filter.

Abstract: A method for indirectly monitoring and controlling an electrically resistive adsorption system. Adsorption of a predetermined adsorbate is conducted while indirectly monitoring electrical resistance of a unified adsorbent element. Breakthrough is predicted based upon the indirectly monitored electrical resistance and a previously measured mass loading relationship between the resistance of the unified adsorbent element and the loading of the unified resistance element with the predetermined adsorbate. Adsorption, regeneration and cooling cycles are controlled by a controller without any direct measurement of temperature or resistance of the element and characterizations of mass loading and temperature. Systems of the invention can have no sensors that contact the element, are in an adsorption vessel, and/or are downstream adsorption vessel.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and devices for removing gas from pipelines, including offshore and/or onshore pipelines at pipeline locations where gases have a tendency to accumulate. In an aspect the pipeline contains a hydrocarbon-containing liquid containing undissolved and/or non-condensable gases which tend to form corrosive gases that adversely affect pipeline performance and/or integrity. A pump specially positioned with respect to pump inlet and pump outlet in pipeline sections are used to increase fluid velocity in pipeline sections where gas can accumulate. Optionally, a valve is employed to facilitate fluid recirculation upon detection of a gas bubble that causes a change in a pressure drop in the pipeline from the expected hydrostatic pressure drop.

Abstract: A filter assembly and method of operating the filter assembly includes a hinge attached to a first end of a filter while a lifting mechanism is attached to a second end of the filter. The lifting mechanism lifts and releases the second end of the filter causing an impact such that dust and debris caught in the filter is dislodged.

Abstract: A system and method of controlling a flow of steam in a steam generator having a heater for heating fluid in a vessel is disclosed. The method includes: delivering the steam from the steam generator to a first side of a filtering membrane; receiving purified steam from a second side of the filtering membrane, the purified steam having a steam flow rate; determining at least one coefficient of a substantially linear mathematical relationship between the steam flow rate of the purified steam and duty cycle; and configuring the steam generator to control: the duty cycle of the heater based on the determined at least one coefficient and a target steam flow rate; and/or the target steam flow rate based on the at least one coefficient and a target duty cycle of the heater.

Abstract: A solution treatment apparatus connected to a supply nozzle that supplies a treatment solution to a substrate, includes: a supply pipeline connecting a treatment solution storage container and the supply nozzle; a filter apparatus provided in the supply pipeline; a pump on a secondary side of the filter apparatus; a circulation pipeline connecting a discharge side of the pump and an intake side of the filter apparatus; a supply control valve provided in the supply pipeline on a secondary side of the pump; a circulation control valve provided in the circulation pipeline; and a control unit, wherein the control unit opens the circulation control valve and drives the pump when supply of the treatment solution from the supply nozzle to the substrate is stopped by closing the supply control valve, to thereby circulate the treatment solution between the supply pipeline having the filter apparatus and the circulation pipeline.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide is removed from a source gas stream by admission to a vessel containing a quantity of a material preferentially absorbing carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide content of an escaping gas stream is monitored. When the carbon dioxide content of the escaping gas stream indicates that absorbent is saturated with carbon dioxide, an inlet valve is closed, and a vacuum applied, causing the carbon dioxide to be desorbed for collection.

Abstract: A process for cooling an acid that is withdrawn from an absorption apparatus of a sulfuric acid plant includes pumping the acid to be cooled from an acid pump tank and supplying the acid to a shell space of a heat exchanger. Water is supplied as a heat transport medium to heat transfer elements disposed in the shell space so as to at least partially convert, by heat transfer from the acid, the water to steam. The acid which was cooled in the heat exchanger is supplied back to the absorption apparatus. The water is separated from the steam in a steam drum. The separated water is recirculated to the heat exchanger using a pump.

Abstract: A method for engine-out soot flow rate prediction of an exhaust gas treatment system is provided. A measured level of oxides of nitrogen in the exhaust gas treatment system is received. An engine fuel injection timing and air-fuel ratio of an engine producing the oxides of nitrogen are also received. An engine timing factor is determined based on the engine fuel injection timing. An engine air-fuel ratio factor is determined based on the engine air-fuel ratio. An engine-out soot flow rate prediction is generated based on the measured level of oxides of nitrogen, the engine timing factor, and the engine air-fuel ratio factor.

Abstract: A gas cleaning system for removing gaseous pollutants from a hot process gas comprises a vessel for bringing the hot process gas into contact with an absorbent material, and a separating device for separating at least a portion of the absorbent material from the hot process gas to form a separated dust material. The gas cleaning system further comprises a measuring device for measuring, directly or indirectly, a dust parameter such as a density, and/or a friction, and/or a hygroscopicity, and/or an electrical property of the separated dust material, to obtain a measurement, and a control system for controlling at least one operating parameter of the gas cleaning system based on the measurement of the measured dust parameter.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus (1) for deaerating a feed fluid, the apparatus comprising a chamber (3) for separating said feed fluid into a first component (11) substantially comprising froth or gas and a second component (12) substantially comprising deaerated liquid or sludge; an opening (6) for fluid flow from said separating chamber (2), and a device (7) for restricting fluid flow through said opening, wherein said opening (6) and said flow restricting device (7) induce a rotational flow of said feed fluid in said separating chamber such that said rotational flow generates a centrifugal vortex to separate said feed fluid into said first component (11) and said second component (12). A method of for deaerating a feed fluid is also provided.

Abstract: One aspect of the present teachings includes a separation membrane arranged in a hollow case. A particular component concentration chamber and a particular component dilution chamber are arranged in series in the hollow case. The particular component concentration chamber is capable of increasing concentration of the particular component by allowing permeation of the particular gas through the separation membrane. The particular component dilution chamber is capable of increasing concentration of the particular component by not allowing permeation of the particular gas through the separation membrane. The particular component concentration chamber and the particular component dilution chamber are configured such that only a gas containing the particular component and permeated through the separation membrane or only a gas containing the particular component not permeated through the separation membrane in one of the chambers disposed on an upstream side (i.e.

Abstract: A plant air purifier and associated method for purifying air, comprising: at least one grow container; a filter bed comprising a surface which is horizontal within 20 degrees of a horizontal plane; at least one plant which grows within the filter bed; a reservoir for containing water for watering the at least one plant; a mechanical watering device which waters the filter bed from the top down; a pump for pumping water from the reservoir to and through the mechanical watering device; and an air propulsion mechanism for propelling air through the filter bed.

Abstract: Apparatus for transforming the air exchange load of a higher air exchange rate space into the air exchange load of a lower air exchange rate space, said apparatus comprising: a housing for mounting to a surface of the higher air exchange rate space; an air inlet formed in said housing; at least one air outlet formed in said housing; a passageway extending through said housing and connecting said air inlet to said at least one air outlet; a circulation fan disposed in said passageway so as to draw the air of the higher air exchange rate space into said air inlet, through said passageway, and return that air to the higher air exchange rate space through said at least one air outlet; and a filter disposed in said passageway for purging noxious substances from the air passing through said passageway, whereby to transform the air exchange load of a higher air exchange rate space into the air exchange load of a lower air exchange rate space.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed that allow for the monitoring and analysis of production process data for a multi-step asynchronous cyclic production process (e.g. pressure swing adsorption) in a steady state plant (such as a steam methane reforming plant). Data collected from cooperating sensors is processed applying a moving window discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The transformed data can be further analyzed in the broader steady-state plant environment to accurately detect any process anomalies and avoid false alarms.

Abstract: The present invention provides an air cleansing system that removes the polluted air and controls the air temperature. This system may by optionally integrated with other systems including security, surveillance, smoke alarms and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a steam turbine power plant comprising at least one steam generator that is fueled by lignite, wherein the lignite is indirectly dried in a fluidized bed dryer that is heated at least partially with steam from the water-steam circuit of the steam generator. Said method is characterized in that the flue gas from the steam generator undergoes gas scrubbing to remove CO2 and that the energy required for the gas scrubbing is at least partially extracted from the drying process in the fluidized bed. The invention additionally relates to a device for creating steam from lignite comprising a drying system for the lignite and a device to scrub CO2 from the flue gas, wherein the drying process and the CO2 gas scrubbing are thermally coupled to each other.

Abstract: The substrate treating apparatus includes a process chamber in which an organic solvent remaining on a substrate is dissolved by using a fluid, that is provided as a supercritical fluid, to dry the substrate and a recycling unit including a recycler separating the organic solvent from the fluid discharged from the process chamber to recycle the fluid. The recycler includes a column having a space in which an absorbent for absorbing the organic solvent is stored, a supply tube supplying the fluid discharged from the process chamber into the space of the column, a discharge tube discharging the fluid from which the organic solvent is separated in the column, a gas supply tube supplying a purge gas into the column so that the organic solvent is separated from the absorbent, and an exhaust tube exhausting the purge gas containing the organic solvent to the outside of the column.

Abstract: A method and a system are provided for producing water from atmospheric air by contacting the air with an aqueous hygroscopic material in a contacting chamber and allowing a portion of the water from the air to be adsorbed into the aqueous hygroscopic stream. The adsorbed water is then subsequently separated from the hygroscopic material to provide a clean water stream and a reconstituted hygroscopic stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for influencing the smell coming from shaft openings of underground sewers, in which water droplets are sprayed into the air in shafts (1) of underground sewers which are open in the direction of the ambient air. Said spraying device comprises a pressure vessel (3) containing water and a nozzle (4) having one or more fine openings through which water can escape from the pressure vessel (3), the pressure vessel (3) being subject to a hydrostatic pressure which is by at least 2 bars greater than the ambient pressure, and the diameter of one or more nozzle openings being less than 130 ?m.

Abstract: A regeneration controller for an air dryer on a vehicle includes a location identifier that determines a current location, a regeneration profile identifier that selects a regeneration profile based on the current location, and a regeneration initiator that initiates regenerations of the air dryer based on the regeneration profile.

Abstract: There is provided a process for effecting separation of at least a gaseous permeate-disposed operative material from a gaseous supply material that is being supplied to a gaseous supply material receiving space that is disposed in mass transfer communication with a permeate receiving space through a membrane, the gaseous supply material including an operative material that defines a gaseous supply material-disposed operative material, and the membrane including a gel. The process includes replenishing liquid material that has become depleted from the gel.