Abstract: Described herein is an integrated data center that provides for efficient cooling, as well as efficient wire routing.

Abstract: Various systems, methods, and apparatuses disclosed herein provide for receiving pressure data for an accumulator system, the pressure data providing an indication of a pressure in an accumulator tank of the accumulator system; receiving energy data, the energy data indicating an availability of free energy for use to charge the accumulator tank; and activating a charging source of the accumulator tank to charge the accumulator tank based on at least one of the pressure data and the energy data.

Abstract: A method for regulating the regeneration time of an adsorption dryer, the method including the steps of: subjecting the adsorption dryer to an adsorption cycle; stopping the adsorption cycle after a preset adsorption time interval; and subsequently subjecting the adsorption dryer to a first regeneration cycle during a preset time interval. The method further includes maintaining the first regeneration cycle for an additional regeneration time interval if the measured pressure dew point or relative humidity is higher than a predetermined pressure dew point or relative humidity threshold; and/or stopping the first regeneration cycle if the outlet temperature is higher than or equal to a predetermined temperature threshold, and, if the time frame in which the adsorption dryer is subjected to the first regeneration cycle is greater than a minimum heat regeneration time interval.

Abstract: A system and method for drying cavities containing spent nuclear fuel is devised. The invention utilizes a non-intrusive procedure that is based on monitoring the dew point temperature of a non-reactive gas that is circulated through the cavity. In one aspect, the invention is a system for drying a cavity loaded with spent nuclear fuel comprising: a canister forming the cavity, the cavity having an inlet and an outlet; a source of non-reactive gas; means for flowing the non-reactive gas from the source of non-reactive gas through the cavity; and means for repetitively measuring the dew point temperature of the non-reactive gas exiting the cavity.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an energy storage system includes a battery module mounting area with a plurality of battery module compartments, each of the battery module compartments configured to house a respective battery module, and a venting arrangement configured to define a set of air channels that permits pressure equalization between the plurality of battery module compartments and an external environment. The venting arrangement is configured with an air-permeable, liquid-tight seal at least between (i) the plurality of battery module compartments and (ii) the external environment.

Abstract: This invention uses a fixed-bed adsorber, interchangeably called a capacitor herein, to process the product stream coming out of a regenerable adsorption system such as a temperature swing adsorption system (TSA) or pressure swing adsorption system (PSA). The fluid stream coming out of this fixed-bed capacitor will have a more uniform composition than the one entering the adsorption system or the capacitor. The fixed-bed adsorber operates in a once-through non-cyclic manner, similar to a conventional fixed bed reactor or adsorber.

Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption air dryer system and method is described herein. In some embodiments, the air dryer system receives moist air and dries the air using a desiccant in a pressure swing adsorption method. The resulting dry air may be used as a working fluid for an application and a portion of the dry air may be used to aid in regenerating, or removing moisture from a desiccant. Sensors are strategically placed throughout the air drying system to measure the state of the air. The air and airflow may be controlled throughout the system based on the sensor measurements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling prepurifier cycle time by monitoring ambient CO2 level in order to prevent CO2 breakthrough occurrences caused by extreme instantaneous variations in ambient CO2 level. Rather than operating solely by prepurifier design bed capacity, the method of the invention continuously updates bed capacity for the contaminants using the feed temperature, pressure and contaminants composition, calculating the total amount of contaminants that were fed to the prepurifier during the feed step and estimates the perturbation front velocity, i.e., the velocity at which the contaminants front coming from an extreme instantaneous variations of ambient level is going to propagate inside the adsorbents bed. Estimating the perturbation front velocity allows for a more precise estimate of the maximum time remaining for the feed step before starting to experience CO2 breakthrough.

Abstract: A railway air dryer that switches the flow and counter flow of air through each of two desiccant towers in response to the actual humidity of air being dried by the air dryer. The air dryer includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor in the outlet air, and a temperature sensor in the inlet air stream to determine when to initiate the regeneration of the desiccant. The air dryer system is generally specified to provide some minimum drying performance, for example 40° C. dew point suppression.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems for regenerating desiccants wheels using superheated steam and to a dehumidifier comprising a system for regenerating a desiccant wheel using superheated steam. In particular the invention relates to dehumidifier systems and dehumidifiers comprising such dehumidifier systems, the dehumidifier systems each comprising a closed regeneration loop for regenerating a rotary desiccant wheel using superheated steam; and uses of excess superheated steam generated during regeneration.

Abstract: A method and a system are provided for producing water from atmospheric air by contacting the air with an aqueous hygroscopic material in a contacting chamber and allowing a portion of the water from the air to be adsorbed into the aqueous hygroscopic stream. The adsorbed water is then subsequently separated from the hygroscopic material to provide a clean water stream and a reconstituted hygroscopic stream.

Abstract: In a method for operating a dishwasher, a desorption process of a reversibly dehydratable dry material of a sorption-drying system is initiated at least at times. A parameter that influences the desorption process is hereby evaluated for determining an instant for performing the desorption process.

Abstract: A multi-tower blower purge dryer system for use with a compressed air stream provided from a compressor is disclosed. In one form the system includes two dryers that can be alternated to dry the compressed air stream. The tower used to dry the compressed air stream can be referred to as the drying tower, and the tower being regenerated can be referred to as the regenerated tower. A number of valves and passages are used to connect the towers to one another and/or to an intake passage from the compressor. A blower purge heater is provided to regenerate the dryers. After a regeneration step in which a tower may be relatively warm, the valves can be actuated to place the warm regenerated tower in fluid communication with the intake passage from the compressor, which can then provide air to the drying tower. In this manner the regenerated tower is cooled.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas supply device provided for a container in which a breathing plant is housed. The device supplies nitrogen-enriched air into the container. The device is provided with a malfunction diagnosis section which checks whether each of components of the device works properly or not and specifies a malfunctioning portion if an oxygen concentration of the nitrogen-enriched air does not fall to or below a predetermined concentration. The malfunction diagnosis section checks whether each of an air pump, a motor, and a switching mechanism works properly or not, and determines that an adsorbent is not working properly when it is determined that all of the air pump, the motor, and the switching mechanism are working properly.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration device is provided which, when the number of revolutions of a compressor reaches an upper limit of control, increases an oxygen concentration, and can extend an operating time of the oxygen concentration device, comprising a control means which controls the number of revolutions of the compressor based on a detected value of an oxygen concentration sensor, judges deterioration due to moisture absorption based on the detected value of the oxygen concentration sensor, a detected value of a pressure sensor, and an operating time of an adsorption cylinder and, when criteria for judgment of the deterioration due to moisture absorption are satisfied, makes a purge step time shorter than an initially set time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas supply device provided for a container in which a breathing plant is housed. The device supplies nitrogen-enriched air into the container. The device is provided with a malfunction diagnosis section which checks whether each of components of the device works properly or not and specifies a malfunctioning portion if an oxygen concentration of the nitrogen-enriched air does not fall to or below a predetermined concentration. The malfunction diagnosis section checks whether each of an air pump, a motor, and a switching mechanism works properly or not, and determines that an adsorbent is not working properly when it is determined that all of the air pump, the motor, and the switching mechanism are working properly.

Abstract: A method for controlling two contaminants in a gas stream, comprising a system with two adsorption vessels, and analyzers for determining the concentration of the two contaminants is provided. The method includes purifying a gas stream with a first vessel placed in an adsorption mode and placing a second vessel in a standby mode. Then opening a second purge valve on the second vessel if the concentration of either contaminant is equal to or greater than predetermined threshold levels, thereby allowing a first portion of the purified gas exiting the first vessel to flow through the second vessel and exiting through the second purge valve. Then closing the second purge valve after a predetermined period of time when the concentration of both contaminants are less than or equal to a predetermined threshold level. Then switching the vessels and repeating the process.

Abstract: In a method and a device for compressed air preparation in motor vehicles, ambient air is drawn in and compressed by a compressor (2), dried in a downstream air dryer (4, 4?) and delivered to compressed air consumers (storage tanks 14, 16). The air dryer (4, 4?) is regenerated with system air stored in a regeneration reservoir (30, 30?), passed via the air dryer (4, 4?) and vented via an associated vent valve (22). In predetermined operating states, a switch is made between a delivery phase and a regeneration phase via an electrically controlled governor (36, 36?). The delivery phase of the compressor takes place at least when compressed air consumption is high, and the regeneration phase takes place in the stationary mode at the idling speed of the drive motor, to keep the delivery phases short and to have sufficient time available for regeneration.

Abstract: A solid desiccant cooling system comprising a common intake delivering air (19) to a first pathway (21) for air to be conditioned, and a second pathway (31) for regeneration air and structure (24) retaining a mass of solid desiccant for cyclic movement between a first location (24a), in which the solid desiccant lies in the first pathway (21) for dehumidifying the air to be cooled by adsorption of moisture to the desiccant, and a second location (24b) in which the solid desiccant lies in the second pathway (31) for the regeneration air to take up moisture therein as water vapor. The second pathway has an air heater arrangement (35) upstream of the second location (24b) for heating the regeneration air and the first pathway (21) has an air cooler arrangement (25) independent of the air heater arrangement (35) downstream of the first location (24a).

Abstract: A sulfuric acid production plant has a discontinuously operating back-up absorber to allow for sulfur emission control in situations where part of or even the entire sulfuric acid production plant is shut down, inoperable, or otherwise compromised. The back-up absorber receives lean solvent from a storage tank that is configured such that continuous operation of the back-up absorber is possible for several hours.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing a product gas are provided. In one embodiment, a system includes at least one separation bed to separate adsorbable components from a gas source, a valving means to selectively direct gas from the gas source to the at least one separation bed, at least one sensing device associated with the at least one separation bed to sense the progress of an adsorption zone within the separation bed, and a controller. The controller includes logic to read the output of the at least one sensing device and control the gas separation process based on the progress of the adsorption zone.

Abstract: Environmental control units are disclosed. In an aspect, an environmental control unit for use with additive manufacturing and other VOC and particle emitting processes are disclosed. In an aspect, an environmental control unit comprising one or more filters, an air handler, a temperature control device, one or more sensors and a control unit is disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sealing device 20 for a control rod 17, passing through an aperture 15c in a wall 15, wherein the control rod 17 is connected between an actuator 13, placed on one side of the wall, and a controlled entity 9a, placed on the other side of the wall, such that the actuator can control the controlled entity with motion of the control rod. The sealing device 20 includes a packing box 37 through which the control rod 17 passes and a seal 41 which provides a sealing function between the control rod 17 and the packing box 37. The packing box 37 is moveable with the control rod 17 in relation to the wall 15. Wall aperture 15c is sized to allow movement of the control rod 17 within aperture 15c. A flexible member 39 surrounds a portion of control rod 17 and extends between the packing box 37 and the wall 15, in a gastight communication with each. As such, the subject sealing device allows movement of the control rod without compromising the sealing function efficiency thereof.

Abstract: A hybrid operating apparatus including an absolute humidity sensing unit configured to sense an absolute humidity of air supplied to a dehumidifying rotor; a dew point temperature sensing unit configured to sense a dew point temperature of air returned from a dry room; a regeneration exhaust temperature sensing unit configured to sense a temperature of exhaust air regenerated in the dehumidifying rotor; a control unit configured to operate the regenerative heater to a regeneration temperature corresponding to the sensed absolute humidity; and a memory unit configured to store the regeneration temperature of the regenerative heater.

Abstract: A climate control system and a method of control. The climate control system may have first and second adsorbers and a door that controls airflow through the first and second adsorbers. The first adsorber adsorbs moisture from the airflow and the second adsorber desorbs moisture when the door is in a first position.

Abstract: A method and a device for reducing the humidity of a gas in a housing interior, in particular in a battery housing interior, includes leading a gas through a first selectively permeable membrane and into an intermediate space. The intermediate space has the first selectively permeable membrane as an inlet and a second selectively permeable membrane as an outlet. The gas is then cooled in the intermediate space by a cooling unit such that a water vapor portion of the gas is condensed into water and the gas having a reduced water vapor content is directed through the second selectively permeable membrane into the housing interior.

Abstract: Methods and systems for predicting a filter lifetime include building a filter effectiveness history based on contaminant sensor information associated with a filter; determining a rate of filter consumption with a processor based on the filter effectiveness history; and determining a remaining filter lifetime based on the determined rate of filter consumption. Methods and systems for increasing filter economy include measuring contaminants in an internal and an external environment; determining a cost of a corrosion rate increase if unfiltered external air intake is increased for cooling; determining a cost of increased air pressure to filter external air; and if the cost of filtering external air exceeds the cost of the corrosion rate increase, increasing an intake of unfiltered external air.

Abstract: A regeneration controller for an air dryer on a vehicle includes a location identifier that determines a current location, a regeneration profile identifier that selects a regeneration profile based on the current location, and a regeneration initiator that initiates regenerations of the air dryer based on the regeneration profile.

Abstract: A system for multi-stage control of humidity in fluid flow supplied to at least one information technology apparatus includes a sensor, a first stage apparatus configured to vary humidity levels in the fluid flow, and a second stage apparatus positioned downstream of the first stage apparatus along the fluid flow to further vary humidity levels in the fluid flow. The system also includes a controller configured to receive environmental condition information from the sensor, to determine whether the information indicates that the humidity level is outside of a predetermined range, and to manipulate an operation of at least one of the first stage apparatus and the second stage apparatus to vary the humidity level in the fluid flow in response to the information indicating that the humidity level is outside of the predetermined range.

Abstract: Systems and methods of automatically operating dehumidifiers in response to dehumidifier operating conditions are disclosed herein. A method of operating a dehumidifier configured in accordance with one embodiment includes directing air flow through the dehumidifier at a first volumetric flow rate while the dehumidifier is operating at a first operating condition. The method further includes changing the first volumetric flow rate to a second volumetric flow rate when the first operating condition of the dehumidifier changes to a predetermined second operating condition.

Abstract: An air dehydrating breather assembly and method provide dehumidifying air suitable to be supplied into oil expansion vessels used in electrical devices. The air dehydrating breather assembly includes first and second air demoisturizer units respectively associated with two corresponding oil expansion vessels. The first air demoisturizer unit includes a first tank housing moisture absorber and a second tank housing moisture absorber alternatively providing dehumidified air. The second air demoisturizer unit includes a third tank housing moisture absorber providing dehumidified air. Sensors are associated with the first, second and third tanks to detect the level of saturation of their moisture absorbers. An electronic processing unit is operatively associated with the sensors for routing dehumidified air to the associated oil-expansion vessels from the tanks whose moisture absorbers are not saturated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for supplying breathing air to a work space, which adopts a triple air-supply structure including a main air-supply unit for compressing, drying and filtering air supplied from the atmosphere so that breathing air is supplied to the work space, a plant air-supply unit for supplying industrial air used in a process plant to the work space, and an emergency air-supply unit for supplying breathing air to the work space in an emergency, wherein the operation of respective air-supply units is organically controlled, thus increasing the reliability of the air supply.

Abstract: High molecular weight (HMW) gases are separated from an exhaust gas of a combustion source using a blower and an interior vent within the exhaust stack. The interior vent includes a vent wall having a top portion attached to the interior surface of the exhaust stack along the entire inner perimeter of the exhaust stack and a lower portion that extends downward into the exhaust stack to form an annular space or gap between the vent wall and the interior surface of the exhaust stack, and at least one opening in the interior surface of the exhaust stack between the top and bottom portions of the vent wall. The blower creates a tangential flow of the exhaust gas with sufficient centrifugal force to concentrate substantially all of the HMW gases along the inner surface of the exhaust stack. A transfer pipe removes the HMW gases from the interior vent.

Abstract: High molecular weight (HMW) gases are separated from an exhaust gas of a combustion source using a blower and an interior vent within the exhaust stack. The interior vent includes a vent wall having a top portion attached to the interior surface of the exhaust stack along the entire inner perimeter of the exhaust stack and a lower portion that extends downward into the exhaust stack to form an annular space or gap between the vent wall and the interior surface of the exhaust stack, and at least one opening in the interior surface of the exhaust stack between the top and bottom portions of the vent wall. The blower creates a tangential flow of the exhaust gas with sufficient centrifugal force to concentrate substantially all of the HMW gases along the inner surface of the exhaust stack. A transfer pipe removes the HMW gases from the interior vent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a dehumidifier comprising a regenerable sorption matrix disposed within a drum or wheel in which microwave radiation directed by a waveguide antenna is used to regenerate the sorption matrix within a desorption segment using a programmable controller to coordinate the advancement of the rotation of the sorbent through desorption segment. A method of dehumidifying a process fluid is also disclosed.

Abstract: A baghouse cleaning system comprises an elongated air accumulator configured to retain pressurized air and extend over a row of filter bags. An elongated air tube extends along the air accumulator and venturis extend from the air tube. The venturis blow pressurized air streams down into the filter bags to remove particles attached to an outside filter bag surface. A valve fluidly couples the air accumulator to the air tube and an actuator is configured to move the cleaning arm linearly over different rows of the filter bags. A sensor may determine when the filter bags need to be cleaned based on a measured air pressure. A controller can actuate the cleaning arm to clean the filter bags based on preprogrammed cleaning patterns, the amount of measured air pressure, and/or other detected environmental conditions.

Abstract: A system and method recover water from an ambient airstream. Dehumidification of the airstream is also achieved by removal of the water. A device of the system includes a chamber having a group of trays that hold respective amounts of liquid desiccant in each tray. A media material absorbs the desiccant to increase an exposed surface of the desiccant to the airstream. The configuration of the media material enables maximal water extraction and is dynamically configurable. Fans and valves are used to control airflow through the device. A charge cycle circulates air through the device to remove water vapor from the airstream. A subsequent extraction cycle removes water collected in the liquid desiccant by a condenser communicating with the chamber. An integral heat exchanger adds heat to the chamber during the extraction cycle. A controller is used to integrate and manage all system functions and input variables to achieve a high efficiency of operational energy use for water collection.

Abstract: A dew point temperature sensor detects and sends the dew point temperature of the supply air to a dry area, as a supply air dew point temperature, to a controller. The controller has a speed of rotation of the regenerating side fan (the regenerating air flow rate) to control, and determines a control value (the regenerating air flow rate) that causes the supply air dew point temperature to go to a target dew point temperature, and determines a supply air processing pre-cooling coil exit temperature setting value in accordance with this control value (where if the control value is in the direction of reducing the regenerating air flow rate, the supply air processing pre-cooling coil exit temperature setting value is increased). Note that what is controlled is the speed of rotation of the desiccant rotors, or the exit temperatures of the air heated by the hot water coils.

Abstract: A control device for a compressed air preparation device of a vehicle outputs output signals for adjusting feed phases and regeneration phases of the compressed air preparation device. A compressor feeds compressed air via an air dryer having a desiccant into a compressed air reservoir in a feed phase, and compressed air is passed out of the compressed air reservoir through the air dryer for drying the desiccant in a regeneration phase. The control device adjusts the regeneration phases depending on a current or future engine load and/or a current or future consumption of compressed air by the vehicle. In overrun phases, the desiccant can be excessively dried to a low moisture level in order to save fuel in later travel segments. Route-optimized regeneration of the desiccant as a function of engine load and/or utilization phases can also be effected.

Abstract: A composite desiccant material is formed by a porous, absorbent substrate of PVA foam or non-woven fibrous sheet is soaked in a solution of a hygroscopic desiccant such as CaCl2. The desiccant is held in pores or fibrous entraining areas sized ranging from 50 microns to 1000 microns. Thin sheets are arranged in a stack in a multi-chamber system, while in an absorption state, uses this stack in a main chamber to absorb H20 from atmospheric gas flowing through that chamber. In a regeneration state atmospheric flow is stopped and low-grade energy releases the H20 from the desiccant into that chamber. Fans circulate moist air through the main chamber and into an adjacent chamber for H20 transfer through or past a partially permeable barrier into a cooling/condensing area. Both H20 and dry gas may be produced.

Abstract: An air dehydrator system for supplying a source of dehydrated air includes an offsite data management system; at least one data network; and an air dehydrator located remote from the offsite data management system. The dehydrator includes a housing containing at least one drying canister; a pressurized air source; and a control circuit coupled with the pressurized air source. The control circuit is also in communication via the at least one data network with the offsite data management system. The control circuit controls operation of the pressurized air source dependent upon control by the offsite data management system.

Abstract: This disclosure describes an automatic adjusting natural gas dehydration system. The dehydration system includes a still column, a reboiler, a pump and an absorber column suitable for circulating a desiccant, The absorber column includes inlet and outlet ports for receiving a stream of natural gas. The method automatically adjusts the flow rate the desiccant and the temperature of the desiccant within the reboiler in response to the moisture content of the natural gas exiting the absorber column after contacting the desiccant.

Abstract: A system for controlling moisture content in ambient airflow in a substantially enclosed structure having components. The system includes at least one humidity control apparatus and a plurality of sensors for detecting moisture content in airflow in a plurality of locations of the substantially enclosed structure. The plurality of sensors are located remotely from the at least one humidity control apparatus and are situated in relatively close proximity to the components that the at least one humidity control apparatus is configured to affect. The system also includes a controller configured to receive moisture content levels detected by one or more of the plurality of sensors and to control the at least one humidity control apparatus based upon the detected moisture content levels to vary the moisture content in the ambient airflow around the plurality of locations.

Abstract: An energy recovery ventilator system includes a belt partially located in each of a first chamber and a second chamber. First and second desiccant units are positioned on the belt. At least some of the first desiccant units are in the first chamber at a first relative humidity, causing air received in the first chamber to achieve a first air humidity. At least some of the second desiccant units are in the second chamber at a second relative humidity, the second relative humidity being caused by the air received in the first chamber. The second relative humidity is modified to the first relative humidity by air passing through the second chamber, the air achieving a second air humidity. A controller causes the belt to move second desiccant units from the second chamber to the first chamber when the first air humidity fails to comply with a specific air humidity.

Abstract: A system and apparatus for enhancement of inlet air mass for processes by progressive filtration and intermediate cooling.

Abstract: An air dehydration membrane module is provided with a sweep gas which is taken from the waste gas of a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit. No additional compressor is required, other than the compressor forming part of the PSA unit. In another embodiment, the sweep gas includes the combination of dried product gas, taken from the dehydration membrane module, and a supplemental gas, which may be ambient air, or permeate gas from an air separation membrane, or waste gas from a PSA unit. An air ejector combines the streams, without the use of an additional compression step, and the combined gas is used as a sweep stream for the dehydration module. The invention also includes the method of selecting an optimum point at which the sweep gas is injected into the module.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for controlling the moisture content of a supply gas for use in drying a product, which process comprises the steps of: (a) providing the supply gas; (b) optionally heating the supply gas; (c) determining the temperature and the moisture content of the supply gas; (d) contacting the supply gas with a rotating desiccant wheel, whereby the rotating speed of the desiccant wheel is controlled by means of the data on the temperature and the moisture content as obtained in step (c) in combination with the corresponding sorption isotherm of the desiccant; and (e) recovering the dehumidified supply gas as obtained in step (d). The invention further provides a dehumidified gas obtainable by said process, a dehumidifier system, a process for drying a product comprising bringing the product into contact with a dehumidified gas as obtained in accordance with the invention, and a product obtainable by said drying process.

Abstract: Electrostatic aerosol in vitro exposure systems and methods are disclosed and can be used for collecting and depositing particulate matter onto tissue without pre-concentration, and without any intermediate collection steps such as use in water or on a filter. The system can include an inlet configured to receive air containing particulate matter, a receptacle configured to hold one or more tissue samples, a porous membrane providing support for an air-liquid interface of the tissue sample, and an electrostatic precipitation area. Particulate matter contained in the air received at the inlet can be electrically charged in the electrostatic precipitation area and flowed over the tissue sample, where it can be collected and measured.

Abstract: An active wheel desiccant dehumidifier is controlled for improved energy savings by modulating operation characteristics including process air flow, reactivation air flow, temperatures, and wheel rotation in response to changing conditions.

Abstract: A method and system for automated control of the operating temperature setpoint of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) scrubber within a pre-determined range of approach temperatures to the adiabatic saturation temperature of the CFB scrubber exhaust stream to maintain an optimal operating temperature, thereby reducing low temperature sulfuric acid corrosion and deposition of wet materials, and high temperature excess reagent use. A Dewcon® Moisture Analyzer (or equivalent) is connected in the exhaust stream of the CFB scrubber. The Dewcon® Moisture Analyzer transmits adiabatic saturation temperature data of the exhaust stream to the CFB scrubber system controller. Based on pre-programmed parameters, the system controller adjusts the CFB scrubber temperature setpoint.