Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gas capture system that includes a gas inlet arranged to receive a gas flow into the system; a gas outlet arranged to provide a gas flow out of the system; a gas capture region for mass transfer between a gas and a sorbent of the gas; and a sorbent regeneration region for regenerating the sorbent by heating the sorbent so that the sorbent releases a gas.

Abstract: A method and system for producing nano-active powder materials. The method can be used with a reactor system comprising stages in which input particles flow under gravity progressively through stages of the reactor. A powder injector first stage in which ground input precursor powder is injected into the reactor. An externally heated preheater stage may be in the reactor, in which the precursor powder is heated to a temperature of calcination reaction. An externally heated calciner stage in the reactor, in which primary precursor volatile constituents can be rapidly removed calcination reactions as a high purity gas stream to produce the desired nano-active product. A post-processing reactor stage in which there is a change of the gas stream composition to produce the desired hot powder product by virtue of the nano-activity of the first powder material. A powder ejector stage in which the hot powder product is ejected from the reactor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the removal of ammonia from the off-gas of a finishing section of a urea production plant. The method comprises contacting the off-gas with a solid adsorbent capable of physically adsorbing ammonia, particularly activated carbon or zeolite. Thereupon the solid adsorbent having ammonia adsorbed thereon is separated from the gas and regenerated by dissolving ammonia in an extraction liquid, preferably water. After separating the water from the solid adsorbent, the latter is re-used in the process.

Abstract: A system and method for the calcination of minerals.

Abstract: Dehumidifier for photovoltaic modules, of a series of photovoltaic concentration modules, formed by a common air inlet and outlet access that communicates all the modules, and which passes through a bed of moisture absorbing material, having an electrical self-adjusted resistance (15) installed therein. The circuit is completed with a solenoid valve (13), a flow switch (19), a non-return valve (12); a pressure switch (16) and a timer relay (20). The process is based on pressure differences existing within the photovoltaic modules throughout the day, and consists of two steps: drying air by passing through the bed of absorbent material before entering into the photovoltaic modules and the regeneration of the drying system, which can be automatically or manually by connecting a compressor or fan.

Abstract: A system and method for calcination/carbonation cycle processing. The system comprises a calciner reactor for receiving partially carbonated mineral sorbent granules; a heat exchange structure for transferring heat through a wall of the calciner reactor to a granular flow of the sorbent granules for facilitating a calcination reaction of the sorbent granules to regenerate the sorbent granules; a gas extraction unit for removing gas products from the calciner, wherein the gas products comprise carbon dioxide from the calcination reaction; a carbonator reactor for receiving the regenerated sorbent granules from the calciner reactor and for receiving a cold flue gas, such that the regenerated sorbent granules are partially carbonised while the flue gas is scrubbed and the partially carbonated sorbent granules and the scrubbed flue gas exit the carbonator reactor as respective hot materials; and a riser unit for cycling the partially carbonated sorbent granules from the carbonator reactor to the calciner reactor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dry carbon dioxide capture apparatus with improved carbon dioxide capture efficiency through preventing gas backflows into vertical transport lines. The dry CO2 capture apparatus includes a capture reactor having a capture buffer chamber on the bottom side, a capture diffusion plate on top of the capture buffer chamber, and adsorbent particles in a space above the capture diffusion plate; a first separator connected to the capture reactor through a vertical transport line; a regenerator having a regeneration buffer chamber on the bottom side, a regenerating diffusion plate on top of the regeneration buffer chamber, and adsorbent particles in a space above the regenerating diffusion plate; a second separator connected to the regenerator through a gas separation line; and a second particle transfer line connected to the regenerator at one end and connected to the capture reactor at the other end.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described for removing a contaminant, such as a vaporous trace metal contaminant like mercury, from a gas stream. In one embodiment, a primary particulate collection device that removes particulate matter is used. In this embodiment, a sorbent filter is placed within the housing of the primary particulate collection device, such as an electrostatic precipitator or a baghouse, to adsorb the contaminant of interest. In another embodiment, a sorbent filter is placed within a scrubber, such as a wet scrubber, to adsorb the contaminant of interest. In some embodiments, the invention provides methods and apparatuses that can advantageously be retrofit into existing particulate collection equipment. In some embodiments, the invention provides methods and apparatuses that in addition to removal of a contaminant additionally remove particulate matter from a gas stream.

Abstract: There is provided an improved method and apparatus for renewal of a plurality of faces across which gas enters a panel of a granular material. The panel is for contacting the gas and granular material with each other to effect physical or chemical treatment of at least one of them (for example, to filter dust from a gas or to remove a constituent from a gas by means of adsorption or absorption). In the panel, gas-entry faces are transversely disposed, upwardly spaced, and held in place by supporting members. These supporting members are subjected to a sharp motion in a direction toward the gas-entry faces, causing body movement of the granular material toward the faces, thereby causing moieties of granular material to fall away therefrom. Removal of these moieties and exposure of previously underlying granular material renew the faces. Flat-plate louvers are preferred supporting members.

Abstract: A dust filter has adjustable sub-blades between blades. By adjusting the blades distanced and the sub-blades' positions and angles, stagnation area of filtration material on the blades are removed. Furthermore, space in the dust filter is fully used. Thus, a filtering efficiency is improved.

Abstract: A multi-step process for removing CO2 from a process gas stream having CO2 and other gaseous components commences by adjusting the temperature of a CO2 laden process gas stream to be between about 80° and about 500° C. A first part of the temperature adjusted process gas stream is taken and contacted with a adsorbent in thermal contact with a heat-exchange surface. The remainder of said temperature adjusted process gas stream is taken and contacted with said heat-exchange surface to transfer heat to said adsorbent, thus causing any adsorbed CO2 to be desorbed for collection, and to cool said process gas stream remainder and removing any condensate from said cooled process gas stream remainder. The cooled process gas stream remainder is passed in contact with a cooled section of said adsorbent to adsorb CO2 therefrom, producing a CO2 depleted process gas stream. The desorbed CO2 is withdrawn for collection.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for refreshing carbon in a carbon filter system, preferably involving a plurality of canisters, wherein spent carbon is dumped from a filtering canister into a spent carbon container.

Abstract: Moving bed adsorber and desorber apparatus and methods, wherein adsorbent material (e.g., beads of resin) moves over a series of vane members and a fluid flow passes between the vane members and through the flowing bed of adsorbent. An adsorbent depth regulator is positioned a spaced distance from the vanes to regulate the depth of the flowing adsorbent bed. In some embodiments, the adsorbent flow may be divided into 2 or more separate streams that pass over 2 or more separate arrays of vane members. Also disclosed are shell and tube desorber apparatus wherein the shell and tube are positioned at certain angle(s) to optimize flow and recovery of contaminant from an adsorbent material and/or wherein vacuum is applied to the adsorbent concurrently with heat to enhance the desorption of contaminant from the adsorbent material.

Abstract: A granular moving-bed apparatus is introduced to have an inlet louvered wall, an outlet louvered wall opposing to the inlet louvered wall, a granular path formed in between, a plurality of serial roof-shaped flow-corrective elements located along the granular path, and a predetermined type of granular materials flowing inside the granular path. The inlet louvered wall and the outlet louvered wall are particularly constructed to form serial hopper-shaped structures that define the granular path. The roof-shaped flow-corrective element is systematically displaced with respect to the hopper-shaped structure by specific criteria so that problems of corrosions, plaques and stagnant zones formed to the louvered walls of the apparatus can be avoided.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a stream of contaminated air using an adsorbent material. The stream of contaminated air is introduced into an end of a first hollow member which contains the adsorbent material. A perforated member disposed within the hollow member is configured to increase the air stream velocity such that dispersed particles of the adsorbent material are entrained in the air stream. Entrainment of the adsorbent in the contaminated air stream facilitates efficient removal of the VOCs. The cleaned air stream exits from a second end of the first hollow member, and the adsorbent material, having a quantity of VOCs adsorbed thereon, is directed to a reconditioning apparatus wherein the VOCs are thermally desorbed. The reconditioned adsorbent material is then returned to the first hollow member.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a sorbent-containing fluid storage and dispensing vessel. A fluidizing vessel is arranged to hold a fluidized bed of solid-phase physical sorbent material, and sorbent material is fed to the fluidizing vessel. The sorbent material is fluidized with sorbable gas, to load the sorbent material with the gas and yield sorbate gas-loaded sorbent material. The sorbate gas-loaded sorbent material is transported from the fluidized bed into a storage and dispensing vessel, for subsequent use of the storage and dispensing vessel to selectively dispense the gas. Heat of adsorption effects are substantially eliminated in the fluidized bed, permitting the storage and dispensing vessel to be loaded at substantially ambient temperature.

Abstract: A moisture control unit is made up of a housing and a moisture absorption rotor is rotatably supported in the housing. A fan is provided in an exterior wall of the housing and it feeds air into the housing. A heater is contained within the housing adjacent the rotor to evaporate moisture therefrom and a heat exchanger is also provided in the housing. The heat exchanger has a first passageway through which a portion of the air from the fan flows to absorb moisture from the rotor and a second passageway through which moisture-laden air flows from the rotor, the first and second passageways being in heat exchange relationship with each other.

Abstract: Method to remove organic halogenated molecules from gaseous currents arriving as a residue of industrial working processes or not, the gaseous current being delivered into a reactor (16) containing a fluid bed consisting of at least one solid adsorbent element after having undergone at least one filtration followed by a cooling, the gaseous current cooperating with the solid particles with exchange by adsorption between the gaseous current and the solid particles, the reactor (16) achieving a time of contact between the gaseous current and the solid particles at least longer than 3 seconds, the gaseous current which enters the reactor (16) having a temperature lower than 80.degree. C., but advantageously between 30.degree. and 70.degree. C., the cooling of the gaseous current upstream of the reactor (16) being followed by a gas/water or gas/air heat exchanger (13).

Abstract: A moisture control unit is made up of a body which is partitioned by a partition wall into a plurality of chambers. A dehumidifying opening is provided in a chamber and a humidifying opening is provided in a chamber. A moisture absorption rotor is rotatably provided in the chambers and a heater provided in one of the chambers adjacent to the moisture absorption rotor for evaporating water which is absorbed by the moisture absorption rotor. A part of the moisture absorption rotor which absorbs moisture from air is made heavy to thereby rotate downward from the weight of water while a part of the moisture absorption rotor which is heated by a heater and from which water is evaporated is made light to thereby rotate upward. As a result, the moisture control rotor can rotate by itself without needing a rotary driving source. The moisture control unit has a simplified structure, can be easily miniaturized and installed at a low cost without needing piping.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing volatile organic compounds from an air stream wherein airborne adsorbent material is mixed with contaminated exhaust air in a vertical main column. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) within the exhaust air adhere to the adsorbent material and are thus removed from the air. The clean air exits the system and the saturated adsorbent material falls through the bottom of the main column and into a lower reservoir. The saturated adsorbent material is desorbed and recycled through the adsorber apparatus by being drawn up from the lower reservoir through a secondary column and deposited at the inlet to the main column. At the top end of the main column, the adsorbent material is once again dropped into the contaminated exhaust air flowing through the main column. This process is constant and adsorbent material is continuously being recycled through the system.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and process is provided for scrubbing sulphur oxide gas from combustion flue gas with wet limestone particles as a reactive scrubbing agent. The process is carried out in a moving bed reactor having louvered inlet and outlet sides which permit the flue gas to pass through the reactor while the limestone particles move downward. The flue gas may be flowed through the moving bed reactor at a high velocity to permit scrubbing of large volumes of gas in a thorough and efficient manner. The high velocity of flue gas passing through the reactor causes some of the scrubbing particles to be ejected from the outlet side of the reactor. Problems associated with the ejection of the scrubbing particles are avoided by providing a slot alongside the outlet side of the reactor. The slot is sized so that the flue gas passing therethrough will have insufficient velocity to entrain the ejected scrubbing particles therein.

Abstract: A purging electrostatic gun for uniformly and essentially completely electrostatically charging the outer surfaces of a flow of sorbent material particles passed therethrough under pressure that are then injected into a polluted gas stream for contacting to electrostatically attract and react to pollutant particles and pollutant gases in that gas stream that are then removed in a conventional pollution control filtration device. The purging electrostatic gun includes a housing wherein a charging electrode is maintained that is electrically coupled to receive a high voltage and is axially centered in a cylindrical barrel charging section wherethrough a laminar flow of sorbent material is directed. The charging electrode has a forward portion that extends beyond a barrel charging section forward end and is immediately opposite to a surface of a grounding ring or collar. The grounding ring or collar is maintained in the housing and is connected to earth ground.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating synthesized gas ("syngas") comprises introducing the syngas into a lower portion of a vessel. The syngas flows in the lower portion through a static regenerative hot gravel bed and into an upper portion of the vessel containing particulate material at a temperature less than that of the syngas in a manner so that the material reduces the temperature of the syngas and reacts with the syngas to abate pollutants therein, and the syngas entrains at least a portion of the material. The entrained material is then separated from the gas, cooled in a heat exchanger, and returned to the vessel, while the separated syngas is passed to downstream facilities.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for simultaneously preheating cullet and removing pollutants from glass furnace gases is disclosed. Raw moist cullet having fine glass dust material and other impurities adhered to its surface is heated by furnace gases which remove the moisture and the impurities by entrainment. The dry, clean cullet is then electrically charged and used to filter the exhaust gases which have been electrostatically charged.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for separating a specific component gas from a mixed gas, wherein granular adsorbent is held in a sealed space in a layered state, easily adsorptive gas is adsorbed to the granular adsorbent by blowing material mixed gas into the adsorbent layers and contacting the granular adsorbent with a counter-current of material gas, and the granular adsorbent is transferred gradually out of the sealed space, and reactivated by desorbing the easily adsorptive gas from the granular adsorbent, and the reactivated granular adsorbent is returned to the inside of the sealed space to be reused. Therefore, frequent actions of opening and closing valves are unnecessary, so that it is possible to separate and produce excellent product gas with high purity.

Abstract: A device for separating undesired exhaust gas components from a fluid comprises a reactor with a reaction chamber and having a top and a bottom. The top has a device for introducing a granular adsorption medium. The bottom comprises first and second oppositely slanted sidewalls arranged parallel to one another and forming between them a gutter open in an upward direction. Sections of the gutter form removal funnels with a funnel mouth for removing the granular adsorption medium. The bottom further has fluid inflow openings for admitting the fluid into the reaction chamber, whereby the funnel mouths and the fluid inflow openings are arranged alternatingly in the gutters. The funnel mouths are arranged to form a grid structure. The bottom also has distributing elements for covering the fluid inflow openings. The distributing elements have a pyramid, a cone, a pyramid sector, or a cone sector shape.

Abstract: A hopper system and electrostatic gun for injecting electrostatically charged sorbent particles into a polluted gas stream for inclusion in an apparatus that utilizes electrostatically charged sorbent particles for removing particulate matter and gases from a polluted gas stream. The invention includes a hopper system with a bin that is selected to hold a required volume of dry sorbent material and is arranged to feed a metered quantity of sorbent materials, preferably by a screw feed, to receive an air flow from a regenerative blower the air flow mixes with sorbent materials in a throat of a venturi line and transports that flow into a barrel an electrostatic gun. The air entrained sorbent materials travel around and along a charging wand that is centered longitudinally in the barrel bore, and is electrically connected to received a controlled voltage from a high voltage power supply.

Abstract: Apparatus arranged in a closed system for removing particulate matter and gases from a polluted gas stream that includes a sorbent particulate charging and injection gun for electrostatically charging sorbent particles and injecting them into a polluted gas stream to charge and agglomerize pollution particulates therein, the stream flowing into a collection system housing that contains a series of moving and static bed filters and provides for operations at pressures less than atmospheric, and at temperatures up to two thousand (2000) degrees F. The filter beds are maintained across the housing and spaced apart from front to back therein, each filter containing a media material selected for removing the charged agglomerized pollution and sorbent reacted particulates and reacting with gases in the polluted gas stream, providing for removal thereof to clean that gas stream that is then vented to atmosphere.

Abstract: A method and system for treating liquid chlorine to remove inert gases therefrom. Liquid chlorine is treated by passing it through a molecular sieve having a molecular pore diameter greater than the molecular diameter of the inert gases and smaller than the molecular diameter of chlorine so that the inert gases are adsorbed by the sieve while the liquid chlorine passes therethrough. The sieve may be regenerated by heating the sieve and evacuating by vacuum, followed by a purging with a gas and then a further vacuum evacuation.